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Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) genes single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been connected with the susceptibility of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but with inconsistent results across the current evidences. The present work was schemed to explore the association between GSTs genes polymorphisms and the NAFLD vulnerability via meta-analysis.PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang were retrieved for eligible literatures previous to March 10, 2021. The odds ratio (OR) of the dichotomic variables and the standardized mean difference of quantitative variables with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were computed to evaluate the strength of the associations. The quality of included studies were assessed via using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).In total, 7 case-control studies encompassing 804 NAFLD patients and 1362 disease-free controls in this meta-analysis. Ultimately, this analysis included 6, 5 and 5 studies for GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms, respectively. The pooled data revealed that the GSTs genes SNPs had conspicuous associations with NAFLD susceptibility: for GSTM1, null versus present, OR = 1.46, 95%CI 1.20 to 1.79, P = .0002; for GSTT1, null versus present, OR = 1.34, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.68, P = .01; for GSTP1, Ile/Val or Val/Val versus Ile/Ile, OR = 1.60, 95%CI 1.23 to 2.09, P = .0005.This work revealed that the GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null and GSTP1-Val genotypes might be related to increased NAFLD susceptibility.

Sorting and assembly machinery component 50 homolog (SAMM50) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been connected with the susceptibility of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but with inconsistent results across the current evidence. The present work was schemed to explore the association between SAMM50 gene SNPs and NAFLD vulnerability via meta-analysis.PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were retrieved for eligible literature previous to June 10, 2021. The odds ratios (ORs) of the dichotomic variables and the standardized mean difference of quantitative variables with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were computed to evaluate the strength of the associations. The quality of included studies was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).In total, 8 case-control studies encompassing 6297 NAFLD patients and 7306 disease-free controls in this meta-analysis. Ultimately, this analysis included 8, 6, and 5 studies for rs2143571, rs3761472, and rs738491 polymorphisms respectively. The pooled data revealed that the 3 polymorphisms had conspicuous associations with NAFLD susceptibility: rs2143571, A vs. G, OR=1.51, 95% CI, 1.37-1.66, P.01; rs3761472, A vs. G, OR=1.50, 95% CI, 1.35-1.67, P.01; rs738491, A vs. G, OR=1.51, 95% CI, 1.40-1.63, P.01.This meta-analysis suggests that rs2143571, rs3761472, and rs738491 polymorphisms of the SAMM50 gene are appreciably associated with augmented risk of NAFLD vulnerability. It will provide the latest evidence to support the susceptibility of SAMM50 gene polymorphisms and NAFLD, and provide strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

To explore the influence of body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) on the semen quality of adult males.A total of 125 randomly selected male infertility patients underwent examinations of semen quality, BMI and BF% on the day of enrollment. With BMI ≥28 kg/m2 as the criterion of obesity, 50 of the patients fell into the category of obesity and 75 into that of non-obesity, while with BF%25% as the criterion, 69 belonged to the obesity and 56 to the non-obesity type. We compared the semen parameters of the subjects between the obesity and non-obesity groups based on the two criteria and analyzed the correlation of semen quality with age, BF% and BMI.With BF% as the criterion, the obesity patients, as compared with the non-obesity men, showed significantly lower semen volume (［2.94 ± 1.15］ vs ［3.51 ± 1.27］ ml, P0.05), percentage of grade a+b sperm (［33.37 ± 19.80］% vs ［41.87 ± 15.43］%, P0.05) and sperm motility (［56.31 ± 22.26］% vs ［64.95 ± 18.22］%, P0.05). Similar results were observed with BMI as the criterion in the semen volume (［2.86 ± 1.11］ vs ［3.34 ± 1.26］ ml, P0.05), percentage of grade a sperm (［16.33 ± 13.80］% vs ［25.09 ± 15.06］%, P0.05), percentage of grade a+b sperm (［30.10 ± 18.43］% vs ［39.80 ± 17.50］%, P0.05) and sperm motility (［53.62 ± 21.56］% vs ［62.83 ± 20.47］%, P0.05). Age was correlated negatively with sperm motility (r = －0.20,P0.05), BF% negatively with the semen volume (r = －0.21, P0.05), the percentage of grade a sperm (r = －0.21, P0.05) and the percentage of grade a+b sperm (r = －0.18, P0.05), and BMI negatively with the semen volume (r = －0.26, P0.01), percentage of grade a sperm (r = －0.23, P0.01) and percentage of grade a+b sperm (r = －0.18, P0.05). Further multivariate analysis also showed that BF% was negatively correlated with the semen volume and percentage of grade a+b sperm after exclusion of age and other factors.Obesity affects the semen volume, percentage of grade a sperm, percentage of grade a+b sperm and sperm motility in male infertility patients. And BF% can be used as an indicator in the diagnosis of obesity.

Effects of working parameters on performance characteristics of hydrostatic turntable are researched by applying the fluid-structure-thermal coupled model. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) technique and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method are both employed by this new model, and thermal effects are also considered. Hydrostatic turntable systems with a series of oil supply pressures, various oil recess depth and several surface roughness parameters are studied. Performance parameters, such as turntable displacement, system flow rate, temperature rise of lubrication, stiffness and damping coefficients, are derived from different working parameters (rotational speed of turntable and exerted external load) of the hydrostatic turntable. Numerical results obtained from this FSI-thermal model are presented and discussed, and theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data. Therefore, this developed model is a very useful tool for studying hydrostatic turntables. The calculation results show that in order to obtain better performance, a rational selection of the design parameters is essential.

To increase the efficiency and reliability of the thermodynamics analysis of the hydraulic system, the method based on pseudo-bond graph is introduced. According to the working mechanism of hydraulic components, they can be separated into two categories: capacitive components and resistive components. Then, the thermal-hydraulic pseudo-bond graphs of capacitive C element and resistance R element were developed, based on the conservation of mass and energy. Subsequently, the connection rule for the pseudo-bond graph elements and the method to construct the complete thermal-hydraulic system model were proposed. On the basis of heat transfer analysis of a typical hydraulic circuit containing a piston pump, the lumped parameter mathematical model of the system was given. The good agreement between the simulation results and experimental data demonstrates the validity of the modeling method.

The buffer device of hydraulic piling hammer is a power source coupling the thermodynamic , mechanical and hydraulic domains. Traditional modeling techniques usually focus on the single-domain systems. Equations of multi-energy domains must be connected by the intermediate variables , but the complexity o f thermodynamic dynamics restricts this modeling method. In th is paper, bond graph model of the buffer system including multi-energy domains was developed in a unified way, the dynamic simulation was studied and the experimental results validate the modeling method.

For decreasing the stress and displacement of pile clamping mechanism of hydraulic static pile drivers in the process of pile driving, optimizing the pile clamping mechanism and improving quality of pile driving, the working principle of pile clamping and pile driving were introduced briefly. The parametric model of pile clamping mechanism was constituted in ANSYS; the main parameters of the model were set. The command-flow was programmed with APDL standing for ANSYS parametric design language. And then the serialization simulation analysis of pile clamping mechanism was achieved; the cloud diagram of Von Mises stress and the maximal Von Mises stress and displacement vector sum of pile clamping mechanism were elicited. The simulation results were analyzed.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on serum lipids and apolipoprotein A I (ApoA I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and fibrinogen (Fbg) concentrations of ApoE-knockout mice with atherosclerosis, and to explore the mechanism of GXK decoction in anti-atherosclerosis. METHODS Seventy 6-week-old ApoE-knockout mice receiving a high-cholesterol diet were used to induce atherosclerosis and were randomly divided into 5 groups: untreated group, simvastatin group and low- (drug concentration is 0.864 g/mL), medium- (1.728 g/mL), and high-dose (3.456 g/mL) GXK groups. Another fourteen 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used as the normal control. Two 12-week-old mice were randomly selected from the normal control and the ApoE-knockout mice respectively to observe vulnerable plaque in the mouse's aortic by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Blood was collected from venous plexus of eye socket after gavage of corresponding drugs once daily for 8 weeks continuously, and then the serum was separated. Triglyceride (TAG) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured by enzyme-coupled assay; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by selective precipitation method. Serum levels of ApoA I and ApoB were determined by turbidimetry. Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect ApoE, CRP, SAA and Fbg concentrations in serum. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, the levels of serum TC, TAG, LDL-C, ApoB, CRP, SAA and Fbg in the untreated group were increased (P

Four new alkaloids, didehydrotuberostemonine A (1), stemoninone (2), tuberostemospiroline (3), and tuberostemonine L (4), together with seven known alkaloids, were isolated from the roots of Stemona tuberosa. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The known alkaloids were identified as 2-oxostenine (5), tuberostemonine (6), sessilifoliamide H (7), tuberostemonone (8), didehydrotuberostemonine (9), bisdehydrostemoninine (10), and tuberostemoamide (11).

The dried root tubers of Stemona tuberosa, S. japonica and S. sessilifolia are the original sources of Stemonae Radix (SR) for antitussive and insecticidal activities. The products of SR which are available on the market are variable, and imitations exist. In order to characterize the overall chemical constituents of SR and evaluate its quality, a novel, binary high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprinting method, describing the pattern of alkaloids (fingerprint I) and non-alkaloids (fingerprint II) of SR was developed. It was also applied to determine whether the medicinal parts and the processing methods affect the quality of SR. Similarity and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS(n)) were utilized to compare or identify the chemical constituents of SR. The results indicate that the chemical constituents from different parts of the underground material of Stemona plants are diverse and that the processing methods affect certain constituents in the root tuber samples. The similarity and the resulting chemical consitituents obtained show that the binary chromatographic fingerprint method can be used to differentiate the three official Stemona species or the adulterants of SR, which is helpful for the identification and quality evaluation of SR.

The title compound, C11H12O3, is potentially a butane-2,3-dione derivative but exists in the enol form in the solid state. In the molecule, the 3-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one, benzene and methoxyl fragments are almost co-planar. The 3-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one fragment is almost planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.040 Å. The dihedral angle between this plane and that of the benzene ring is 5.88 (4)°. The 4-methoxy group also lies close to the benzene ring plane, with deviations of 0.0206 (11) Å for the O and 0.087 (2) Å for methyl C atoms. Hence, the whole molecule is almost planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0617 Å from a plane through all 14 non-H atoms. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating [010] chains.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mice with atherosclerosis. METHODS Fourteen 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were used as normal control group. Seventy 6-week-old ApoE-knockout mice receiving a high-cholesterol diet to induce atherosclerosis were randomly divided into untreated group, simvastatin group and low-dose (concentration of crude drugs at 0.864 g/mL), medium-dose (crude drugs at 1.728 g/mL) and high-dose (crude drugs at 3.456 g/mL) GXK groups. After treated with the drugs for eight weeks continuously, the livers and aortas of mice were separated. The expressions of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, mRNAs and proteins of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 over-expressed in the untreated group (P

To separate and identify the chemical constituents of n-BuOH extraction from the roots of Rhodiola rosea in Xinjiang.The column chromatography was used to separate consituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical reactions and MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and 2D-NMR spectral data.Six compounds were isolated and identified as salidroside (I), kaempferol-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside(II), herbacetin-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyr-anoside(III), herbace-tin-7-0-(3"-O-beta-D-glucopyran-oside)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside(IV), 5, 7, 3', 5'-tetrahydroxy-flavanone(V), sucrose(VI).Compound V is isolated from this plant for the first time.

Four new alkaloids, didehydrotuberostemonine A (1), stemoninone (2), tuberostemospiroline (3), and tuberostemonine L (4), together with seven known alkaloids, were isolated from the roots of Stemona tuberosa. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The known alkaloids were identified as 2-oxostenine (5), tuberostemonine (6), sessilifoliamide H (7), tuberostemonone (8), didehydrotuberostemonine (9), bisdehydrostemoninine (10), and tuberostemoamide (11).

To study the structure-activity relationships of phenylethanoid glycosides in plants of Cistanche salsa on antioxidative activity.By the assay systems of DPPH*, the antioxidant activity of six phenylethanoid glycosides from plants of Cistanche salsa was determined to investigate the relationship between the antioxidant activities and phenylethanoid glycosides's structural characteristics.The antioxidative activity of phenylethanoid glycosides was variant with dose-dependent effect. The sequence of the strength of the antioxidative activity of the six components was shown to be 2'-AcetylacteosideActeosideor = Tubuloside Bor = IsoacteosideEchinacosideCistanoside A.The antioxidative activity of phenylethanoid glycosides is related to the number of phenolic hydroxyl, steric hindrance, 2-acetyl on the middle glucopyranose, and the location of phenolic hydroxyl. Additionally, it may be related to the alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone of phenl-2-propenoyl.

To study the chemical constituents of cultivated Cistanche salsa.Compounds were isolated and purified on several chromatography, and then were identified by physico-chemical properties and structurally elucidated by spectral analysis.Seven compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (I), daucosterol (II), beta-sitosteryl glucoside 3'-O-heptadecoicate (III), 8-hydroxygeraniol 1-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV), 2-methanol-5-hydroxy-pyridine (V), betaine (VI), galactitol (VII).The chemical constituents of artificial cultivated Cistanche salsa are studied for the first time. Among them, compound III and IV are isolated from the plant for the first time, compound V is isolated from this genus for the first time.

Study on adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of methylene blue by AB-8 macroreticular resin was carried out through static experiments. The results showed that the adsorption rate for the solute appear to be the first order kinetics, the intraparticle diffusion is the main rate-controlling step. In the experimental temperature, thermodynamic studies indicated that methylene blue adsorption onto resin AB-8 conforms to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Methylene blue adsorption quantity respectively 30 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 300 mg/L . The adsorption enthalpy change is 40.3 kJ/moL , 39.2 kJ/moL , and 33.6 kJ/moL respectively. The uptake of salicylic acid on AB-8 macroreticular resin is a type of physical adsorption.