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CCL18 upregulates miR-21 expression and thus induces myo�broblast differentiation via activiting NF-κB.

Table S1described correlations of CCL18 expressing with clinicopathological status in 268 cases of patients with breast PTs; Table S2 described Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis of LRFS in 268 patients with breast PTs

These supplementary data contain supplementary methods

Myofibroblast differentiation plays an important role in the malignant progression of phyllodes tumor, a fast-growing neoplasm derived from periductal stromal cells of the breast. Macrophages are frequently found in close proximity with myofibroblasts, but it is uncertain whether they are involved in the myofibroblast differentiation during phyllodes tumor progression. Here we show that increased density of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) correlates with malignant progression of phyllodes tumor. We found that TAMs stimulated myofibroblast differentiation and promoted the proliferation and invasion of phyllodes tumor cells. Furthermore, we found that levels of the chemokine CCL18 in TAM was an independent prognostic factor of phyllodes tumor. Mechanistic investigations showed that CCL18 promoted expression of α-smooth muscle actin, a hallmark of myofibroblast, along with the proliferation and invasion of phyllodes tumor cells, and that CCL18-driven myofibroblast differentiation was mediated by an NF-κB/miR-21/PTEN/AKT signaling axis. In murine xenograft models of human phyllodes tumor, CCL18 accelerated tumor growth, induced myofibroblast differentiation, and promoted metastasis. Taken together, our findings indicated that TAM drives myofibroblast differentiation and malignant progression of phyllodes tumor through a CCL18-driven signaling cascade amenable to antibody disruption. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3605–18. ©2017 AACR.

It is well accepted that diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are highly associated with improper function of organ systems. In this study, DEP toxicity was performed by using in vitro human BEAS-2B cell line and in vivo animal model, namely, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The potential toxicity of DEP was assessed by the apical endpoints of BEAS-2B cell line and reflections of C. elegans under exposure scenarios of 0~50 μg mL–1 DEP. With the increase of DEP exposure concentration, microscopic accumulations in the cytoplasm of cell line and intestine of C. elegans were observed. Such invasion of DEP impaired the behaviors of C. elegans as well as its un-exposed offspring and caused significant impeded locomotion. Moreover, the disorders of dopaminergic function were observed simultaneously under DEP exposure, specifically manifested by the decreased transcriptional expression of dat-1. The stress responses instructed by the expression of hsp-16.2 were also increased sharply in TJ375 strain of C. elegans at DEP concentrations of 1 and 10 μg mL–1. In the case of cellular reactions to DEP exposure, the injuries of membrane integrity and the decreased viability of cell line were simultaneously identified, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaged DNA fragment, and upregulated apoptosis were monotonically elevated in cell lines with the increase of DEP concentrations. This study provided a systematic insight into toxicity of DEP both in vivo and vitro, demonstrating that DEP exposure could disturb the stability of cell system and further threat the stability of organism.

Microbial hitchhiking demonstrates that some nonmotile microbes utilize trans-species motility to traverse their environment; however, whether driving forces, such as plants and nitrogen, affect microbial hitchhiking is not clear. In our study, we explored the effects of plants and nitrogen fertilizer on Bacillus-hitchhiking by setting filter membranes and different nitrogen fertilizer concentration gradients. In the experimental treatment, we added a filter membrane to the soil to prevent hitchhiking. In the absence of plants, nitrogen alone had little influence on motile bacteria and hitchhiking. However, Bacillus contents were significantly impacted by the nitrogen concentration when the plants were rooted, leading to a great variation in cell motility function according to the functional analysis in the soil microbial community. After applying the filter membrane, there were no significant differences in Bacillus contents, microbial community structure or cell motility functional abundance, which illustrated that hitchhiking impacted the microbial community. Our analysis of co-occurrence between bulk soil motile bacteria (Bacillus) and rhizosphere bacteria also confirmed this. The correlation between bulk soil motile bacteria and the rhizosphere microbial community was strong in the groups with suitable nitrogen concentrations without filter membranes and was weak at all nitrogen levels in the no-membrane treatments. Thus, we concluded that plants and different nitrogen doses synergistically altered the soil microbiome by hitchhiking, whose effect depends on nitrogen.

The prognosis of malignant gliomas remains poor, with median survival fewer than 20 months and a 5-year survival rate merely 5%. Their primary location in the central nervous system (CNS) and its immunosuppressive environment with little T cell infiltration has rendered cancer therapies mostly ineffective, and breakthrough therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown limited benefit. However, tumor immunotherapy is developing rapidly and can help overcome these obstacles. But for now, malignant gliomas remain fatal with short survival and limited therapeutic options. Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a unique antitumor immunotherapy wherein viruses selectively or preferentially kill tumor cells, replicate and spread through tumors while inducing antitumor immune responses. OVTs can also recondition the tumor microenvironment and improve the efficacy of other immunotherapies by escalating the infiltration of immune cells into tumors. Some OVTs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and possess tropism for the CNS, enabling intravenous delivery. Despite the therapeutic potential displayed by oncolytic viruses (OVs), optimizing OVT has proved challenging in clinical development, and marketing approvals for OVTs have been rare. In June 2021 however, as a genetically engineered OV based on herpes simplex virus-1 (G47Δ), teserpaturev got conditional and time-limited approval for the treatment of malignant gliomas in Japan. In this review, we summarize the current state of OVT, the synergistic effect of OVT in combination with other immunotherapies as well as the hurdles to successful clinical use. We also provide some suggestions to overcome the challenges in treating of gliomas.

Shared umbrella can bring us convenience in rain and snow. But uncertainty umbrella demand and the weather may cause the unbalance for a shared umbrella station. According to the information of the rainfall, temperature and so on, this paper proposed an efficient BP neural network to construct a prediction model for predicting the demand of the shared umbrella. Taking Wuhan city as an example, the experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the prediction accuracy of the demand.

This paper proposes a reliability evaluation method for the coupled heat and electricity (CHE) systems containing concentrated solar power (CSP) plants considering thermal dynamic characteristics. Firstly, the structure and the operation mechanism of the CHE system are introduced. The system framework containing conventional units, CSP plants, combined heat and power (CHP) units and electric heater (EH) is constructed for cogeneration. Then the dynamic characteristic models of heating network and thermal load are introduced. Additionally, taking the sum of system operation cost and load curtailment cost as objective function, the optimal load curtailment model of the CHE system is established. Finally, considering the thermal dynamic characteristics and the random failure of each equipment in the system, the model is applied to calculate the reliability indices by sequential Monte Carlo method. The simulative results show that considering the thermal dynamic characteristics can significantly improve the reliability of the CHE system.

Background. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer whose incidence and mortality rate are increasing. Identifying immune-related lncRNAs and constructing a model would probably provide new insights into biomarkers and immunotherapy for ccRCC and aid in the prognosis prediction. Methods. The transcription profile and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Immune-related gene sets and transcription factor genes were downloaded from GSEA website and Cistrome database, respectively. Tumor samples were divided into the training set and the testing set. Immune-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (IDElncRNAs) were identified from the whole set. Univariate Cox regression, LASSO, and stepwise multivariate Cox regression were performed to screen out ideal prognostic IDElncRNAs (PIDElncRNAs) from the training set and develop a multi-lncRNA signature. Results. Consequently, AC012236.1, AC078778.1, AC078950.1, AC087318.1, and AC092535.4 were screened to be significantly related to the prognosis of ccRCC patients, which were used to establish the five-lncRNA signature. Its wide diagnostic capacity was revealed in different subgroups of clinical parameters. Then AJCC-stage, Fuhrman-grade, pharmaceutical, age, and risk score regarded as independent prognostic factors were integrated to construct a nomogram, whose good performance in predicting 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival of ccRCC patients was revealed by time-dependent ROC curves and verified by the testing sets and ICGC dataset. The calibration plots showed great agreement of the nomogram between predicted and observed outcomes. Functional enrichment analysis showed the signature and each lncRNA were mainly enriched in pathways associated with regulation of immune response. Several kinds of tumor-infiltrating immune cells like regulatory T cells, T follicular helper cells, CD8+ T cells, resting mast cells, and naïve B cells were significantly correlated with the signature. Conclusion. Therefore, we constructed a five-lncRNA model integrating clinical parameters to help predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients. The five immune-related lncRNAs could potentially be therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in ccRCC in the future.

Recent research has shown that bilinguals outperform monolinguals on tasks requiring non-linguistic executive control skills, thereby generating an interest in the relationship between bilingual language processing and non-linguistic control abilities. Based on this, the present study further examined the bidirectional interaction between language control and non-linguistic control in unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals. These bilinguals completed a Flanker task in three types of language control contexts (i.e., L1, L2, and Mixed language contexts) in the interleaved word-comprehension-to-Flanker sequence and performed a picture-word matching task in three types of non-linguistic executive control contexts (i.e., color, shape and color-shape mixed contexts) in the interleaved color-shape-switching-to-word-comprehension sequence. The results showed that the Flanker effect in mixed language context was smaller than in single (L1 and L2) context, suggesting language control leads to a better non-linguistic control ability. Additionally, the language switching cost was found smaller in the mixed task context (color/shape switching), indicating that non-linguistic control can enhance the language control ability. Therefore, we conclude that there is a bidirectional interaction between language control and non-linguistic control even in unbalanced bilinguals.

TGF-β plays a central role in mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating the Smad pathway. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that TGF-β-induced EMT is NF-κB-dependent in various cancer types. However, it is largely unclear if NF-κB mediates TGF-β-induced EMT in breast cancer, and if this mediation occurs, the regulatory mechanisms are unknown. In our study, we found that TGF-β activates the NF-κB pathway. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling markedly abrogates TGF-β-induced EMT. By studying the regulatory mechanism of TGF-β-induced NF-κB signaling, we found that lncRNA NKILA was upregulated by TGF-β and was essential for the negative feedback regulation of the NF-κB pathway. Accordingly, overexpression of NKILA significantly reduced TGF-β-induced tumor metastasis in vivo. Consistent with the results from mice, the expression of NKILA was negatively correlated with EMT phenotypes in clinical breast cancer samples. Collectively, our study indicated that the NKILA-mediated negative feedback affects TGF-β-induced NF-κB activation and that NKILA may be a therapeutic molecule in breast cancer metastasis via inhibition of EMT.

This paper proposes a multi-state reliability evaluation model for the concentrated solar power (CSP) plant considering partial function failure. Firstly, the component functions and components’ consequences of random failure of CSP plants are analyzed. Core components affecting the output of CSP plants are selected. The CSP plant is divided into three subsystems: the heat collection, the heat exchange, and the power generation subsystems, according to the component function. Each subsystem is equivalent to a two-state component. Thus, an 8-state Markov model of CSP plant is established. The CSP plant can be operated in a partial function failure state as thermal energy storage (TES) or generation, depending on the functions of solar-heat and heat-electricity conversion. On this basis, the 8-state model can be simplified to a 4-state model by combining the partial function failure states of the same effect. Finally, the 4-state model is applied to the sequential Monte Carlo simulation for the reliability evaluation of power systems containing CSP plants. Two TES strategies are considered in the simulation: One is based on solar field (SF) average output, another is designed to satisfy the load preferentially. The proposed model is tested on the modified RBTS/IEEE RTS systems to verify the effectiveness.

Myofibroblast differentiation plays an important role in the malignant progression of phyllodes tumor, a fast-growing neoplasm derived from periductal stromal cells of the breast. Macrophages are frequently found in close proximity with myofibroblasts, but it is uncertain whether they are involved in the myofibroblast differentiation during phyllodes tumor progression. Here we show that increased density of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) correlates with malignant progression of phyllodes tumor. We found that TAMs stimulated myofibroblast differentiation and promoted the proliferation and invasion of phyllodes tumor cells. Furthermore, we found that levels of the chemokine CCL18 in TAM was an independent prognostic factor of phyllodes tumor. Mechanistic investigations showed that CCL18 promoted expression of α-smooth muscle actin, a hallmark of myofibroblast, along with the proliferation and invasion of phyllodes tumor cells, and that CCL18-driven myofibroblast differentiation was mediated by an NF-κB/miR-21/PTEN/AKT signaling axis. In murine xenograft models of human phyllodes tumor, CCL18 accelerated tumor growth, induced myofibroblast differentiation, and promoted metastasis. Taken together, our findings indicated that TAM drives myofibroblast differentiation and malignant progression of phyllodes tumor through a CCL18-driven signaling cascade amenable to antibody disruption. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3605–18. ©2017 AACR.

Background As the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for treatment of phyllodes tumors (PTs) remains unclear, this study aimed to review all available data and evaluate the roles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in PT treatment. Methods We performed a comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The outcomes of interest included the local recurrence (LR) rate, metastasis rate, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate. Results Seventeen studies enrolling 696 patients were included in this random effect meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were also conducted to determine study heterogeneity. A pooled local recurrence rate of 8% (95% CI: 1–22%) was observed with a statistical heterogeneity of I2 = 86.6% (p

Learning map theory system is recognized as a talent training method. This approach is featured by "SMP", which means Systemic(S), Modular (M), and Practical (P). This is a good combination of needs and training in order to achieve the training target. Moreover, it can better satisfy the practical needs of the electronic commerce industry base for the double creative talents, so that the training effect can be more easily guaranteed. This paper is on the basis of this theory, and take one of the national e-business demonstration bases -- Xi’an International Trade & Logistics Park as an example. It takes the learning map theory system as the thinking tool, gives full play to the role of the talent service center in the industrial base, and makes it as a bridge between the cooperation school and the enterprise in the base. Based on the understanding of competency requirements and career development needs of enterprises as well as the integration of university teaching system, it will make students have a clear direction for business requirements and their career development. Moreover, it is possible to make the enterprise have more efficient employees and make the e-commerce industry base more dynamic.

As an important part of the high-level management model, human resource management has attracted much attention in all fields. Human resource management faces a large number of data problems, and it is urgent to discover valuable knowledge and provide decision-making support for enterprises to develop talent training strategies. The purpose of this article is to analyze the application of big data processing technology in human resource management information system. This paper proposes a literature research method, a case research method and a comparative research method to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the human resource management information system of a company. In addition, this paper takes the human resource data of a company as an example, through a large amount of data preprocessing work, design a human resource data mining system based on association rules is implemented, which realizes the application of incremental association rule mining algorithm to human resource data mining, realizes visualization, and finally mines valuable information. The experimental results of this paper show that the number of users of the client and server in the human resource management information system is less than 100, and the performance of the system can fully meet the needs of actual work in actual use.

Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HN-AD), which is primarily performed by bacteria rather than fungi, is an attractive approach for nitrogen removal. In this study, a red yeast, Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y1, was isolated and shown to exhibit optimal growth and nitrogen removal efficiency on glucose, followed by citrate, sucrose, acetate and starch. The nitrogen removal efficiency increased with increasing initial concentrations of NH4+-N, NO2−-N and NO3−-N from 14 to 140 mg·L-1. At an initial nitrogen concentration of 140 mg·L-1, the maximum removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, NO2−-N and NO3−-N were 98.67%, 97.13% and 83.51% after 72 h incubation, while those of corresponding total nitrogen were 88.89%, 81.31% and 70.18%, respectively. The nitrification (amoA) and denitrification genes (nirK and napA) were amplified from Y1. These results suggest that yeast are also capable of HN-AD, which can be used to remove nitrogen in wastewater systems.

TGF-β plays a central role in mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating the Smad pathway. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that TGF-β-induced EMT is NF-κB-dependent in various cancer types. However, it is largely unclear if NF-κB mediates TGF-β-induced EMT in breast cancer, and if this mediation occurs, the regulatory mechanisms are unknown. In our study, we found that TGF-β activates the NF-κB pathway. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling markedly abrogates TGF-β-induced EMT. By studying the regulatory mechanism of TGF-β-induced NF-κB signaling, we found that lncRNA NKILA was upregulated by TGF-β and was essential for the negative feedback regulation of the NF-κB pathway. Accordingly, overexpression of NKILA significantly reduced TGF-β-induced tumor metastasis in vivo. Consistent with the results from mice, the expression of NKILA was negatively correlated with EMT phenotypes in clinical breast cancer samples. Collectively, our study indicated that the NKILA-mediated negative feedback affects TGF-β-induced NF-κB activation and that NKILA may be a therapeutic molecule in breast cancer metastasis via inhibition of EMT.

The discrimination of complex mixtures, especially those with very similar compositions, remains a challenging part of chemical analysis. In this paper, a single cataluminescence (CTL) sensor constructed using MgO nanomaterials in a closed reaction cell (CRC) was used to identify vinegars. It may provide an archetype of this type of highly multicomponent system. By scanning the CTL spectra, which were distributed in 15 wavelengths during the reaction period, the spectral array patterns of the vinegars were obtained. These functioned as their fingerprints. The CTL signals of the array were then normalized and identified through linear discrimination analysis (LDA). Nine types and eight brands of vinegars and an additional series of artificial samples were tested; the new technique was found to distinguish between them very well. This single sensor demonstrated excellent promise for analysis of complex mixtures in real-world applications and may provide a novel method for identifying very similar complex analytes.

In this paper, a new method involving cataluminescence (CTL) response profiles combined with chemometrics was developed in an attempt to classify wine of different types (health liquor, brandy, glutinous wine, beer and grape wine). In a closed reaction cell (CRC), with an optimal injection volume of 10 μl, reaction temperature of 350 °C and detection wavelength of 425 nm, the unique response profiles of wine were obtained on the surface of nano-ZrO2. The comparison of the characteristic profiles with marked extreme points, as the first step of classification, showed that the extreme points of wine of different types were substantially different. The application of linear discriminant analysis (LDA), as the second step of classification, showed that all of the samples were well-discriminated with an accuracy of 100%. The method is effective and fast and does not require sample preparation. The stable and reversible response of this proposed sensor, combined with its simple instrumentation, indicates its promise in real-world wine identification.

The study established a new method of identifying different ether vapors by detecting the cataluminescence (CTL) intensities of both ether vapors and its reaction residual gas (including undecomposed analytes and reaction products) on two catalytic materials. In our work, we designed a sensor system: two cylindrical ceramic heaters (inner diameter=4 mm, length=8 cm) sintered with nanosized MgO or ZrO2 about 0.2 mm thick on the surface were placed into two quartz tubes (diameter=1 cm, length=10 cm) respectively (the catalytic materials could be the same or different on two ceramic heaters. Two quartz tubes were connected by a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube (35 m×0.4 mm×0.3 mm) which en- sured that the signal peaks of each ether vapor and its reaction residual gas could be separated. Four kinds of ether vapors (dimethyl ether, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether and n-butyl ether) were investigated in the sensor system. Firstly, CTL signal I1 was generated when each ether vapor passed through nano-MgO or ZrO2 (the first order reaction). Then residual gas from first reaction was regarded as a new reactant and continued to be oxidized on nano-MgO or ZrO2, generating new CTL signal I2 (the second order reaction). The CTL signals were measured using a photomultiplier in the BPCL Ultra Weak CTL Ana- lyzer, and the data was processed by Origin 7.5. It was found that for each ether vapor the ratio of luminescent response sig- nals (I1/I2) was constant despite different concentrations of ether vapor under the optimal conditions of wavelength of 425 nm, temperature of 240 , and flow rate of ℃ 220 mL/min. Therefore the sensor could identify and distinguish different ether vapor. In the research, we obtained four groups of I1/I2 values for each ether vapor by changing the direction of gas flow passing through ZrO2 or MgO (four groups: MgO-MgO, MgO-ZrO2, ZrO2-ZrO2 and ZrO2-MgO). According to different luminescent intensity ratios of ether vapor on different combinations of sensitive materials, we could enhance the sensor's capacity of distinguishing different kinds of ether vapor by collecting multidimensional data and information. The linear range of four ether vapors was 50~1000 ppm and the detection limits were below the allowable concentration of ether vapor in the air. Furthermore, some common pollutants in the air such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and ammonia would not affect the results of the analysis. This method could quickly and easily identify different ether vapors. Meanwhile, the resid- ual gas of dimethyl ether from both first and second order reactions on MgO-MgO surface were analyzed by gas chromato- graph to demonstrate the possible mechanism of the CTL reaction in this sensor.