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The exploitation of a highly selective and sensitive probe to detect both cancer marker and metal ion is of great importance. In this work, the “one stone two bird” agent of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) is designed to disrupt the polymeric lanthanide MOFs (LnMOFs, [Ln(CHO2)3]n, Ln = Tb, 1a; Eu, 1b, CHO2 = formic acid) {[Ln(CHO2)4·(C2H8N)]n, Ln = Y, 2a; Gd, 2b; Dy, 2c, C2H8N = dimethylamine}) into a soluble mononuclear species [Ln(phen)2(NO3)3, Ln = Tb, 3a; Eu, 3b] as well as to provide an antenna for efficient photons absorption, resulting in an ultra-high luminescence quantum yield (QY, 90%) europium complex. The luminescence QY is among the highest record of monomeric (zero-dimensional) lanthanide complexes. Furthermore, mononuclear Tb3+ complex (3a) functions as a multiplex sensor towards both Fe2+ and cancer marker of 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA). Importantly, the limit of detection (LOD) for sensing 5-HIAA is an ultra-sensitive value of 1 × 10−8 mol/L, which is even lower than that necessary for the early diagnosis of carcinoid tumors. More interestingly, sensing results in simulated urine reveals that 3a has potential application for early diagnosis in the clinic.

Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are a kind of porous crystalline materials that are boned together by covalent bonds. Abundant functional sites and adjustable pore structure make COFs become potential precursors to prepare metal nanoparticles (MNP)/heteroatoms-doped carbon nanosheets with well-ordered micropores (CN) nanozymes for electrochemical sensors. In this work, a new two-dimensional COFTD with double chelating sites were prepared by using 1,3,5-tris(4- aminophenyl)benzene and 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene-1,5-diformaldehyde. The COFTD was used as a precursor to load Cu2+, Fe3+, Co2+ and Ni2+. By carbonizing, the COFTD was transformed into CN and metal ions were reduced into 5–10 nm MNP loaded on CN uniformly (CuNPs/CN, FeNPs/CN, NiNPs/CN and CoNPs/CN). These MNP/CN nanocomposite materials were used for electrochemical detection of both dopamine and uric acid at the same time. The electrochemical sensors based on MNPs/CN nanozymes have good detection performance. Finally, CuNPs/CN was also used to construct a furazolidone sensor. The furazolidone electrochemical sensor has excellent performance with a linear range of 61.5 nM-200 µΜ and a detection limit of 20.1 nM. At the same time, it also has good reproducibility and repeatability.

This paper investigates the dynamic system optimum (DSO) problem with simultaneous route and departure time assignments for a general traffic network partitioned into multiple regions. Regional traffic congestion is modeled with a well-defined macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) mapping the trip completion rate to the vehicular accumulation. To overcome the limitation of inconsistent flow propagation between region boundaries and the corresponding travel time, the state-dependent regional travel time function is explicitly incorporated in the flow propagation of the conventional MFD dynamics. From a systems perspective, the traffic dynamics within a region can be regarded as a dynamic system with an endogenous time-varying delay depending on the system state. Equilibrium condition for the DSO problem is analytically derived through the lens of Pontryagin minimum principle and is compared against the static SO counterpart. The structure of path specific marginal cost is analyzed regarding the path travel cost and early-late penalty function. In contrast to existing analytical methods, the proposed method is applicable for general MFD systems without linearization of the MFD dynamics. Neither approximation of the equilibrium solution nor constant regional delay assumption is required. Numerical examples are conducted to illustrate the characteristics of DSO traffic equilibrium and the corresponding marginal cost together with other dynamic external costs.

Two new series of lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (LnMOFs) are successfully obtained via a solvothermal reaction, based on the corresponding lanthanide(III) nitrates and the ligand of methylmalonic acid (MMA). Where 1a–1c are synthesized by Ln(NO3)3 (Ln3+ = Eu, 1a; Gd, 1b; Tb, 1c) and MMA, 2a and 2b are obtained with Ln(NO3)3 (Ln3+ = Eu, 2a; Tb, 2b), MAA, and in the presence of capping agent 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). The five new compounds were structurally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, PXRD, TGA and luminescence. Furthermore, the sensing property reveals that 1a is a luminescent sensor for toxic solvent of toluene.

Background: In August 2014, a large North American outbreak of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was observed in association with severe respiratory illnesses in children as well as a possible association with acute flaccid paralysis. The full spectrum of clinical illness associated with EV-D68 is not well known. Objective: To compare children positive and negative for EV-D68 presenting to a community hospital during the North American outbreak in the fall of 2014. Methods: Consecutive nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from children (

Recent research indicates that the trip-based models can perform more accurately for capturing network hyper-congestion than the conventional macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) dynamics, especially during transient phases. However, due to the complex mathematical structure of the trip-based models, deriving analytical properties of the dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) of departure time choice with the trip-based models is still a challenge. This paper investigates the DUE problem of departure time choice in an isotropic urban network with identical travelers. Traffic dynamics is captured by the basic trip-based model using a speed-MFD that maps the traffic accumulation to the space-mean speed of the network. Necessary conditions for dynamic user equilibrium with and without inflow capacity constraint are derived, respectively. Under dynamic user equilibrium condition, no traveler can reduce her/his travel cost by changing the departure time. The analysis reveals the significant difference between the basic trip-based model and the conventional MFD models regarding the information support involved in the departure time choice. The derivation does not rely on some common assumptions in the literature such as linear travel cost function, no late arrivals, or linear speed-MFD. The numerical example indicates that the inflow capacity constraint can help prevent two peaks in the departure profile and the vehicle accumulation.

Tb3+, Sm3+ co-doped CaMoO4 phosphors have been synthesized by chemical precipitation method. The crystal structure and morphology of samples were characterized and analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photoluminescence properties of CaMoO4:Tb3+, Sm3+ and energy transfer from Tb3+ to Sm3+ have been studied in detail. It was found the emitting color of the phosphors could be tuned between green and red by changing the doping concentration of Tb3+/Sm3+, and the color also changed with different excitation wavelength under the same concentration. The average fluorescent lifetime of Tb3+ at 5D4 energy level, energy transfer efficiency and rate from Tb3+ to Sm3+ in CaMoO4 host were calculated. The energy transfer mechanism between Tb3+ and Sm3+ was confirmed to be electric dipole-dipole interaction.

Sequencing of the bla IMP-4 -carrying C. freundii B38 using the PacBio SMRT technique revealed that the genome contained a chromosome of 5,134,500 bp and three plasmids, pOZ172 (127,005 bp), pOZ181 (277,592 bp), and pOZ182 (18,467 bp). Plasmid pOZ172 was identified as IncFIIY, like pP10164-NDM and pNDM-EcGN174. It carries a class 1 integron with four cassettes ( bla IMP-4 - qacG2 - aacA4 - aphA15 ) and a complete hybrid tni module ( tniR - tniQ - tniB - tniA ). The recombination of tniR from Tn 402 (identical) with tniQBA from Tn 5053 (99%) occurred within the res site of Tn 402 / 5053 . The Tn 402/5053 -like integron, named Tn 6017 , was inserted into Tn 1722 at the res II site. The replication, partitioning, and transfer systems of pOZ181 were similar to those of IncHI2 plasmids (e.g., R478) and contained a sul1 -type class 1 integron with the cassette array orf-dfrA1-orf-gcu37-aadA5 linked to an upstream Tn 1696 tnpA-tnpR and to a downstream 3′ conserved sequence (3′-CS) and IS CR1 . A Tn 2 transposon encoding a bla TEM-1 β-lactamase was identified on pOZ182. Other interesting resistance determinants encoded on the B38 chromosome included multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pumps, an AmpC β-lactamase, and resistances to Cu, Ag, As, and Zn. This is the first report of a complete tni module linked to a bla IMP-4 -carrying class 1 integron, which, together with other recently reported non- sul1 integrons, represents the emergence of a distinct evolutionary lineage of class 1 integrons lacking a 3′-CS ( qacEΔ1 - sul1 ). The unique cassette array, complete tni module of Tn 6017 , and incompatibility group of pOZ172 suggest a bla IMP-4 evolutionary pathway in C. freundii B38 different from that for other bla IMP-4 genes found in Gram-negative bacteria in the Western Pacific region.

A series of CaMoO 4 :Tb 3+ ,Eu 3+ phosphors were prepared by the method of precipitation. The structure and morphology of the phosphors were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The photoluminescence properties of the prepared products were researched, and the energy transfer from Tb 3+ to Eu 3+ in CaMoO 4 phosphors was studied. By adjusting the doping concentration of Eu 3+ ions in CaMoO 4 :Tb 3+ ,Eu 3+ phosphors, the emitting color of the phosphors could be easily tuned from green to red. With Tb 3+ doped in the phosphors, the red luminescence of Eu 3+ by near UV excitation was significantly enhanced. The energy transfer efficiency, rate and average distance between Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ in CaMoO 4 :5%Tb 3+ , x %Eu 3+ (mole percent) phosphors ( x =0.3–10) were calculated. It was found that the interaction type between Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ was electric dipole-dipole interaction in the phosphors.

Macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) has been used for aggregate modeling of urban traffic network dynamics under stationary traffic assumption for dynamic taxi dispatching, vehicle relocation and dynamic pricing schemes to tackle the dimensionality problem of microscopic approaches. A city is assumed to be partitioned into several regions with each admits a well-defined MFD. Integrating state-dependent regional travel time function as an endogenous time-varying delay, the MFD model with time delay, is adopted to describe the traffic dynamics within a region. On the other hand, it is necessary to enable simultaneous route choice and departure time choice under the MFD framework for various applications such as vehicle dispatching and relocation. This paper presents an optimal control framework to model dynamic user equilibria (DUE) with simultaneous route choice behavior and departure time choice for general urban networks. Necessary conditions for the DUE are analytically derived through the lens of Pontryagin minimum principle. In contrast to existing analytical methods, the proposed method is applicable for general MFD systems without approximation schemes of the equilibrium solution. Numerical examples by time discretization are conducted to illustrate the characteristics of DUE and corresponding dynamic external costs.

A case of bacteremia in a 74-year-old man, which was caused byPasteurella dagmatisand complicated by thrombocytopenia, is presented. Microorganism identification was performed by the provincial reference laboratory using traditional biochemical profiling, completmented with both the sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; antibiotic-susceptibility testing was also performed. After treatment with the appropriate antibiotics, the patient fully recovered. Systemic infections attributed to this organism are rarely reported in the literature. Other reported cases of bacteremia due toP dagmatisare reviewed and compared with the present case. The challenges of relying on standard automatic identification are discussed, with alternative methodologies provided.

We report here the complete genome sequence of a panresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, isolated from a patient with respiratory failure in Canada. No carbapenemase genes were identified. Carbapenem resistance is attributable to a frameshift in the oprD gene; the basis for colistin resistance remains undetermined.

We report here the complete genome sequence of a panresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, isolated from a patient with respiratory failure in Canada. No carbapenemase genes were identified. Carbapenem resistance is attributable to a frameshift in the oprD gene; the basis for colistin resistance remains undetermined.

The gut microbiome may have an important influence on the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). To better understand the DM2 pandemic in ethnic minority groups in China, we investigated and compared the composition and richness of the gut microbiota of healthy, normal glucose tolerant (NGT) individuals and DM2 patients from two ethnic minority groups in Xinjiang, northwest China, the Uygurs and Kazaks. The conserved V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR from the isolated DNA. The amplified DNA was sequenced and analyzed. An average of 4047 high quality reads of unique tag sequences were obtained from the 40 Uygurs and Kazaks. The 3 most dominant bacterial families among all participants, both healthy and DM2 patients, were the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. Significant differences in intestinal microbiota were found between the NGT individuals and DM2 patients, as well as between the two ethnic groups. Our findings shed new light on the gut microbiome in relation to DM2. The differentiated microbiota data may be used for potential biomarkers for DM2 diagnosis and prevention.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA96 is a clinical isolate from Guangzhou, China, that is multiresistant to antibiotics. We previously described the 500-kb IncP-2 plasmid, pOZ176 that encodes many resistance genes including the IMP-9 carbapenemase. Whole-genome sequencing of PA96 enabled characterization of its genomic islands, virulence factors, and chromosomal resistance genes. We filled gaps using PCR and used optical mapping to confirm the correct contig order. We automatically annotated the core genome and manually annotated the genomic islands. The genome is 6 444 091 bp and encodes 5853 ORFs. From the whole-genome sequence, we constructed a physical map and constructed a phylogenetic tree for comparison with sequenced P. aeruginosa strains. Analysis of known core genome virulence factors and resistance genes revealed few differences with other strains, but the major virulence island is closer to that of DK2 than to PA14. PA96 most closely resembles the environmental strain M18, and notably shares a common serotype, pyoverdin type, flagellar operon, type IV pilin, and several genomic islands with M18.

SUMMARY On the basis of grey system theory, an image information hiding algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, to choose the blocks of rich texture, a method based on two-dimensional grey relational analysis is designed; making use of the improved GM(1,1) prediction model, the secret image is compressed losslessly, and then scrambled by means of time-division multiplexing method in communication theory. Block discrete cosine transform is applied to the chosen blocks, and coefficients of mid frequencies are chosen as the embedded data, whereas the embedding intensity is determined on the basis of human visual system, and the embedding capacity of sub-blocks can be controlled by its two-dimensional grey relational grade adaptively. The experiment results show that the algorithm cannot only achieve satisfactory invisibility and robustness, but also improve the payload of the cover image, and meanwhile solve the problem that the small capacity of traditional algorithms in transform domain efficiently. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The major components of the plant curcuma longa are the curcuminoids that include curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. it has been reported the curcuminoids have some important activities. a new cze method with diode array detection has been developed for the separation and determination of the curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. three curcuminoids could be readily separated within 7 min with a 15 mm sodium tetraborate buffer containing 10% methanol (v/v) at ph 10.8, 25 kv and 30 degrees c. the method has been validated and shows good performance with respect to selectivity, reproducibility, linearity, limits of detection and recovery. the proposed method was successfully applied to determine the curcuminoids in urine. (c) 2004 elsevier b.v. all rights reserved.

In this paper, a setup called micro-column solid phase extraction (microspe) was developed to enhance the sensitivity of capillary electrophoresis. the setup consists of a manual pump, several insulin syringes, and a teflon extraction cartridge. the cartridge was made of 2-4 mm irregular c-18 solid phase materials in a teflon tube (375 mum id) with glass fiber frits. two pieces of capillary tubing were connected to both the ends of the cartridge. using sulinclac-spiked urine as the test sample, the extraction and analytical conditions were investigated in detail. when 1 mul 70/30 methanol/water was applied as the elution solvent, satisfactory results could be obtained. the internal standard method was used to quantitatively determine the compound in urine. the detection limit for sulindac was 2.9 ng/ml and the enrichment factor reaches more than 260. the result illustrates that the microspe setup has a significant concentrating effect and is suitable for preconcentrating and cleaning-up samples with complex matrices.

The development of a method for determining arsenic species by capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) with indirect laser-induced fluorescence (lif) is described in this paper. the buffer ph, the concentration of fluorescein, the nature and the concentration of the background electrolytes (bges) were defined. when 2.0 mm nahco3 (ph 9.28) with 10(-7) m fluorescein was used as the buffer, arsenite (as(lll), dimethylarsonic acid (dma), monomethylarsonic acid (mma), and arsenate (as(v)) were all separated from one another. the limits of detection for the four arsenic species were p p in the range of 0.12-0.54 mg/l. this method was used in the analysis of spiked arsenic species in tap and mineral water to demonstrate its usefulness. the results showed that both the recovery and the reproducibility of the developed method were acceptable.

IR spectra play an important role in determining the structure of compounds qualitatively andquantitatively. In general a great number of data are required to exactly show the features ofthe compounds. Regarding various compounds, there are massive IR spectra. With the basicfeatures of IR spectra being reserved, it is important to compress IR spectra for improving thestorage, index and process of IR spectra. The wavelet neural network (WNN) is a newneural network model based on wavelet analysis. However, its introduction and application in chemistry have not been reported.In this note, WNN is applied to the compression ofthe IR spectra of polystyrene. The results show that the original spectra can be represented...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa 96 (PA96) was isolated during a multicenter surveillance study in Guangzhou, China, in 2000. Whole-genome sequencing of this outbreak strain facilitated analysis of its IncP-2 carbapenem-resistant plasmid, pOZ176. The plasmid had a length of 500,839 bp and an average percent G+C content of 57%. Of the 618 predicted open reading frames, 65% encode hypothetical proteins. The pOZ176 backbone is not closely related to any plasmids thus far sequenced, but some similarity to pQBR103 of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 was observed. Two multiresistant class 1 integrons and several insertion sequences were identified. The bla IMP-9 -carrying integron contained aacA4 → bla IMP-9 → aacA4 , flanked upstream by Tn 21 tnpMRA and downstream by a complete tni operon of Tn 402 and a mer module, named Tn 6016 . The second integron carried aacA4 → catB8a → bla OXA-10 and was flanked by Tn 1403 -like tnpRA and a sul1 -type 3′ conserved sequence (3′-CS), named Tn 6217 . Other features include three resistance genes similar to those of Tn 5 , a tellurite resistance operon, and two pil operons. The replication and maintenance systems exhibit similarity to a genomic island of Ralstonia solanacearum GM1000. Codon usage analysis suggests the recent acquisition of bla IMP-9 . The origins of the integrons on pOZ176 indicated separate horizontal gene transfer events driven by antibiotic selection. The novel mosaic structure of pOZ176 suggests that it is derived from environmental bacteria.

Background: In recent years, Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) has recommended a series breakpoint changes for cefazolin, including testing it as a surrogate agent for oral cephalosporins for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs). Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of direct reporting the cefazolin results from VITEKO 2 for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca and P. mirabilis isolated from patients with uUTIs using 2014 CLSI recommendation. Material and Methods: Cefazolin susceptibility results of urine cultures of the above four species generated from January 1, 2013 December 31, 2013, using both GN AST card N208 on VITEKO 2 and cefazolin disk (gold standard) methods, were extracted from SoftMic Laboratory Information System and analyzed for their category agreement using 2014 CLSI interpretations. Results: Cefazolin susceptibilities of 1969 urinary isolates (1869 patients) of E. coli, K. pneumoniae/K. oxytoca and P. mirabilis comparing their VITEKO 2 and disk test results, category agreement for cefazolin tested with both methods was 98%. The linear correlation between sensitive cefazolin and sensitive cephalothin MICs versus cefazolin zone diameters was good, with a predictive value of 99%. Conclusion: It is acceptable to report cefazolin directly from VITEKO 2 for the named species from urine cultures. The susceptibility correlation among cefazolin, cephalothin and cefixime were excellent (excluded non-susceptible), further testing with individual oral cephalosporin agents, in this institute, may not be necessary. Recommendation: Final report accompanied by a comment in accordance with 2014 CLSI guideline is recommended to provide therapeutic guidance to clinicians. Key Word: Cefazolin, Urine Culture, CLSI, Interpretations, VITEKO 2

The major component of the plant curcuma longa (a widely cultivated tropical plant in Asia and Central America) is curcumin. Curcumin has been reported to have very strong anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, antiallergic, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor activities. Little is known about the absorption, distribution, and metabolism of curcumin in human beings. The first step in in vivo physiological and pharmacokinetic studies is to develop a method to measure curcumin in body fluid. A rapid capillary electrophoretic (CE) method with diode array detection was established for the determination of curcumin in human urine. It could be rapidly determined within 2.5 min. The optimized experimental conditions were as follows: 15 mmol/L Na2B4O7 as buffer, applied voltage 20 kV, temperature 25 degrees C and detection wavelength 262 nm. The method has been validated and shows good performance with respect to selectivity, reproducibility and limit of detection. Curcumin had good linearity in the range of 10 - 300 mg/L, and the recoveries of curcumin added in urine were more than 96.3% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 2.3%. The method is sensitive, fast and accurate and can be used to determine curcumin in urine.

Objective: Thirteen urinary nucleosides, primarily degradation products of tRNA, were evaluated as potential tumor markers for breast cancer patients. Design and methods: The micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method has been used to analyze the urinary nucleosides in 41 healthy controls, 20 patients with benign breast tumors, and 26 breast cancer patients. Results: Urinary nucleoside concentrations of breast cancer patients were found to increase significantly compared to those of patients with benign breast tumors and healthy controls. By using 13 nucleoside concentrations as data vectors for principal component analysis (PCA), 73% (19/26) of breast cancer patients were correctly identified from healthy controls, while only 20% (4/20) of patients with benign breast tumors were indistinguishable from breast cancer patients. The mean level of all forms of urinary nucleosides in patients with metastatic breast cancer was higher than that in patients with primary breast cancer. The levels of modified nucleosides tended to decrease and return to normal after surgery. Conclusion: The results indicate that urinary nucleosides may be useful as tumor markers for breast cancer.

Thirteen normal and modified nucleosides, primarily degradation products of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), were evaluated as potential tumor markers for cancer patients. Their urinary concentrations were determined by means of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) in the urine from 54 healthy adults and 70 cancer patients, then quantitatively expressed as a function of creatinine excretion. It was found that urinary nucleosides for cancer patients were on the average significantly higher than those for healthy controls, however, no significant differences were found between male and female or between different ages. Based on 13 urinary nucleoside concentrations, principal component analysis (PCA) could be used to classify 72% of cancer patients from the healthy controls. The present study shows that the precise measurement of urinary nucleosides by MEKC in combining with PCA technique may provide a clinically useful approach for diagnosis of cancer.

determination of arsenic species by large-volume field amplified stacking injection-capillary zone electrophoresis (lv-fasi-cze) is reported in this paper. whole column injection was employed. the optimum buffer ph for the separation of weak acids was discussed. it was found that the optimum buffer to analyze the stacked arsenate (as(v)), monomethylarsonate (mma), and dimethylarsinate (dma) was 25 mm phosphate at ph 6.5. however, the optimum buffer to analyze the concentrated arsenite (as(iii)) was 20 mm phosphate - 10 mm borate at ph 9.28. the limits of detection of the method developed were 0.026 mg/l for as(iii), 0.023 mg/l for as(v), 0.043 mg/l for mma, and 0.018 mg/l for dma. an enrichment factor of 34-100 for several arsenic species was obtained. in the end, this method was applied to determine the arsenic concentration in the environmental reference materials to show the usefulness of the method developed.

During the course of an antimicrobial resistance surveillance programme in Guangzhou, the People's Republic of China, single strains of Citrobacter youngae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified which were resistant to imipenem and found to carry the carbapenemase gene bla(IMP). PCR screening of the citrobacter strain with specific primers for the bla(IMP) type genes gave a 587-bp product which when sequenced gave 100% homology with the bla(IMP-4) sequence reported recently from Acinetobacter spp. The determinant in the C. youngae strain was found to be located on a 156-kb plasmid capable of transfer to Escherichia coli UB1637 by conjugation. Sequencing of the bla(IMP-4) open reading frame in the C. youngae strain and adjacent sequences not only confirmed the presence of bla(IMP-4) but also identified that a conserved core site found within the 59-bp element of integrons was present and the same as the one described in the only other occurrence of bla(IMP-4) in Acinetobacter spp. isolated from an intensive care unit in Hong Kong. This is the second report of transferable carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaciae outside of Japan and the first in the People's Republic of China. Under the selective pressure of carbapenems and extended spectrum cephalosporins use we might expect this gene to spread and widespread surveillance should be instituted.