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Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammatory fibrosis usually involving the whole biliary tree. However, there are very limited treatment options to treat this disease. Our previous study found a lipid-protein rCsHscB from a liver fluke - Clonorchis sinensis, which had full capacities of immune regulation. Therefore, we investigated the role of rCsHscB in a mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis induced by xenobiotic 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) to explore whether this protein had potential therapeutic value for PSC. Methods: Mice were fed 0.1% DDC for 4 weeks and treated with CsHscB (30 μg/mouse, intraperitoneal injection, once every 3 days); the control group was given an equal amount of PBS or CsHscB under normal diet conditions. All the mice were sacrificed at 4 weeks for the evaluation of biliary proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammation. Results: rCsHscB treatment attenuated DDC-induced liver congestion and enlargement and significantly decreased the upregulation of serum AST and ALT levels. The administration of rCsHscB to DDC-fed mice significantly decreased cholangiocyte proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to mice fed with DDC alone. Also, rCsHscB treatment showed a decreased expression of α-SMA in the liver and other markers of liver fibrosis (Masson staining, Hydroxyproline content, and collagen deposit). More interestingly, DDC-fed mice treated with rCsHscB showed a significant up-regulation of PPAR-γ expression, which was similar to control mice, indicating the involvement of PPAR-γ signaling in the protective action of rCsHscB. Conclusion: Overall, our data show that rCsHscB attenuates the progression of cholestatic fibrosis induced by DDC and supports the potential for manipulating the parasite-derived molecule to treat certain immune-mediated disorders.

The water solubility in acid solution, relative low adsorption capacities and unsatisfactory separation performance limit application of traditional chitosan-based adsorbents in wastewater treatment. To break the limitation, a hydrophilic magnetic Fe

Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infection induces severe hepatobiliary injuries, which can cause inflammation, periductal fibrosis, and even cholangiocarcinoma. Sphingolipid metabolic pathways responsible for the generation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptor S1P receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in many liver-related diseases. However, the role of S1PRs in C. sinensis-mediated biliary epithelial cells (BECs) proliferation and hepatobiliary injury has not been elucidated. In the present study, we found that C. sinensis infection resulted in alteration of bioactive lipids and sphingolipid metabolic pathways in mice liver. Furthermore, S1PR2 was predominantly activated among these S1PRs in BECs both in vivo and in vitro. Using JTE-013, a specific antagonist of S1PR2, we found that the hepatobiliary pathological injuries, inflammation, bile duct hyperplasia, and periductal fibrosis can be significantly inhibited in C. sinensis-infected mice. In addition, both C. sinensis excretory-secretory products (CsESPs)- and S1P-induced activation of AKT and ERK1/2 were inhibited by JTE-013 in BECs. Therefore, the sphingolipid metabolism pathway and S1PR2 play an important role, and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in hepatobiliary injury caused by C. sinensis-infection.

This study identified the SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Proteins transcription factor SBP from the whole genome of Quinoa by analyzing the phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, chromosome location and gene replication, upstream cis-regulatory element, tissue expression, and construction of the SBP protein interaction network, as well as analyzing the characteristics of the SBP tissue expression pattern under salt stress. It serves as the foundation for the study and application of Quinoa SBP. The results showed that 23 genes of the CqSBP family were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and their amino acid physical and chemical properties showed diversity. The family proteins were hydrophilic, and the subcellular localization showed that 23 CqSBPs were located in the nucleus. The SBP family genes are unevenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes of Quinoa; the upstream cis-acting element analysis shows that there are 49 elements with plant hormones, stress, light response, and tissue-specific expression, and all CqSBPs contain one or more TATA box elements. Protein interaction network analysis shows that all CqSBP proteins appear in the known interaction network of Arabidopsis; the expression of different SBP genes in different organs and periods of Quinoa is different, and the expression of SBP genes has certain tissue specificity. The expression of CqSBP showed many changes under salt stress.

The infall of the Sagittarius (Sgr) Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy in the Milky Way halo is an unique opportunity to understand how the different components of a dwarf galaxy could be tidally removed. In this work, we reconstruct the Sgr core morphology and kinematics on the basis of a model that has already successfully reproduced the Sgr stream. Here we use a very high resolution model that almost resolves individual stars in the Sgr core. It reproduces most of the observed morphology and kinematic properties, without specific fine-tuning. We also show that the dark matter may have been almost entirely stripped by Milky Way tides after two passages at pericenter. Finally the model predicts that the Sgr core will be fully disrupted within the next 2 Gyr., 9 pages, 5 figures,1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJL

Green Pea and Blueberry galaxies are well-known for their compact size, low mass, strong emission lines and analogs to high-z Ly{\alpha} emitting galaxies. In this study, 1547 strong [OIII]{\lambda}5007 emission line compact galaxies with 1694 spectra are selected from LAMOST DR9 at the redshift range from 0.0 to 0.59. According to the redshift distribution, these samples can be separated into three groups: Blueberries, Green Peas and Purple Grapes. Optical [MgII]{\lambda}2800 line feature, BPT diagram, multi-wavelength SED fitting, MIR color, and MIR variability are deployed to identify 23 AGN candidates from these samples, which are excluded for the following SFR discussions. We perform the multi-wavelength SED fitting with GALEX UV and WISE MIR data. Color excess from Balmer decrement shows these strong [OIII]{\lambda}5007 emission line compact galaxies are not highly reddened. The stellar mass of the galaxies is obtained by fitting LAMOST calibrated spectra with the emission lines masked. We find that the SFR is increasing with the increase of redshift, while for the sources within the same redshift bin, the SFR increases with mass with a similar slope as the SFMS. These samples have a median metallicity of 12+log(O/H) of 8.10. The metallicity increases with mass, and all the sources are below the mass-metallicity relation. The direct-derived Te-based metallicity from the [OIII]{\lambda}4363 line agrees with the empirical N2-based empirical gas-phase metallicity. Moreover, these compact strong [OIII]{\lambda}5007 are mostly in a less dense environment., Comment: 13 pages, 20 figures, accepted by ApJ

Different micro needle system therapies have different advantages and characteristics. However, at present, the dominant diseases for which each therapy is appropriate are positioned relatively vaguely, and even the acupoint selections for the same disease are different. The clinical application of the dominant disease and application characteristics of each micro needle system therapy is a scientific problem that needs to be explored urgently. Based on the previous data mining study of the clinical application of auricular acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, abdominal acupuncture, eye acupuncture, wrist-ankle acupuncture, hand acupuncture, the second metacarpal bone lateral needling, facial acupuncture, mouth acupuncture and nose acupuncture, the diseases reported more in the clinical literature of each therapy were extracted to find out the same symptoms applicable to different micro needle systems. The clinical application and differences of different micro needle systems for the same disease were compared horizontally, and it demonstrated that the second metacarpal bone lateral needling, facial needle, mouth acupuncture and nose acupuncture were biased towards a partial corresponding therapeutic relationship between one part and the other part, and the eye acupuncture was biased to interfere with the whole by adjusting the function of the organs, and the auricular, scalp and abdominal needles had the both characteristics, and the wrist-malleolus acupuncture and hand acupuncture were often used in various disorders of the meridian-collateral level. The differences were researched and summarized to more accurately guide clinicians in the application of different micro needle system therapies.

To investigate the disease spectrum and predominant diseases treated by abdominal acupuncture by data mining and analysis of journal articles on abdominal acupuncture, and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Based on the database of abdominal acupuncture established by the research group, the data mining technique was used for the analysis and extraction of the articles on abdominal acupuncture included in this study.A total of 788 original journal articles were included. Six departments and 96 disease categories, among which there were 45 internal diseases (46.84%) and 18 surgical diseases (18.75%) were involved. As for the diseases involved, cervical spondylosis had the highest frequency of 84, followed by low back and leg pain with a frequency of 77 and stroke sequela with a frequency of 67. Of all 788 studies, 519 (65.86%) used abdominal acupuncture combined with other therapies with a total frequency of 552, among which acupuncture had the highest frequency of 135 (24.46%), followed by oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine with a frequency of 81 (14.67%) and moxibustion with a frequency of 80 (14.49%). Abdominal acupuncture had a marked clinical effect in the treatment of various diseases, with the highest effective rate of 95.10% in surgical diseases.Abdominal acupuncture has a wide disease spectrum and is most frequently used for the treatment of cervical spondylosis, with a marked clinical effect. Abdominal acupuncture has unique therapeutic characteristics and advantages, but it can achieve a better clinical effect when combined with other therapies.

Three new coordination polymers with the formulas of {[Co(nip)(bibp)]·0.5(H2O)}n (1), [Co(nip)(bimh)]n (2), {[Co(nip)(titb)]·H2O}n (3) (H2nip = 5-nitro-isophthalic acid, bibp = 4,4′-bis(imidazol-1-yl)biphenyl, bimh = 1,6-bis(imidazol-1-yl)-hexane, titb = 1,3,5-Tris(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene) were synthesized and structurally characyerized. Compound 1 has 2D (36)-hxl layer topology structure. Compound 2 shows a two-fold interpenetrating 2D 44 square-grid planar network (44-sql) in which 1D [Co(nip)]n chains are interconnected by bimh ligand. Compound 3 possesses a 3D (3,5)-connected topological structure with a (63)(69·8) Schlafli symbol. Furthermore, the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation activity of 1 toward methylene blue in the presence and abserence of H2O2 are investigated in aqueous solution. And both compounds 1 and 3 exhibit selective sensing toward Fe3+ through the luminescent quenching experiments.

To analyze the literature regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy by data mining technology, and the dominant diseases of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy were summarized to provide reference for evaluation of specificity effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy.The journal articles regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy from the CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP since January 1, 1975 to December 31, 2017, and the medical cases regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy inThe scope of disease involved a total of 7 disease entities in the literature regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy. In the journal articles, there were 83 disease types and the most common surgical diseases were soft tissue injury and periarthritis of shoulder, the frequency were 34 and 24 times respectively. The total effective rates of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy were 92.74% in internal medicine, 91.39% in surgery, 91.51% in gynecology, 90.88% in dermatology, 96.20% in pediatric, 89.05% in ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology and 88.78% in psychiatry. In the medical cases of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy, there were 118 disease types and the most common diseases were pain andWrist-ankle acupuncture therapy is widely used in treatment of clinical diseases and has significant therapeutic effects. It is mostly used in the treatment of surgery, internal medicine (neurology particularly), dermatology (herpes zoster particularly). Besides, the wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy is also applicable in the treatment of diseases of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, pediatric and psychiatry.

To investigate the features, dominant indications and application regularities of eye acupuncture therapy in clinical practice.We first collected original articles, academic dissertations, conference articles, and case reports from databases of CNKI, Wanfang, and Chinese biomedical literature (CBM) from Jan. 1 of 1980 to Dec. 31 of 2017, and medical records from medical books of Zhonghua Yan Zhen (Among the 850 articles retrieved, 178 were eligible to be subjected to analysis, including 42 disorders/diseases in 7 categories. The eye acupuncture therapy has the highest application frequency for 19 types of disorders/diseases of the internal medicine, such as sequela of apoplexy, hiccup, insomnia, vertigo, hypertension, etc., followed by head and body pain (7 types: headache, lumbago, sciatica, shoulder pain, etc.), disorders of the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology (deafness, squinting eyes, dry eye syndrome, amblyopia, etc.), traumatic injury, gynecopathy, acute pain (biliary colic, renal colic). The effect rate was 95.87% for disorders of the gynecopathy, 95.54% for head and body pain, 94.53% for traumatic skin injury, 92.16% for emergency, 91.98% for disorders of the five sense organs, 91.43% for problems of the internal medicine, etc. Regarding the principle of acupoint selection, acupoints were chosen mainly according to the meridian running (146 articles), local region of the eye (14 articles) and diseased location (153 articles). A total of 157 articles have a marked description about the needling methods, including horizontal needling (81 articles), intra-orbital straight needling (22 articles), extra-orbital oblique needling (13 articles), etc. The duration of needle retaining was mostly from 15 to 30 minutes, and the handle-scraping was frequently adopted (34 articles), and the overall treatment frequency ranged from 11 to 20 times. In regard to the medical records, a total of 53 types of disorders were involved, including 37 types of the internal medicine such as stroke sequelae (34 articles), facial paralysis (11 articles), etc. The acupoints were selected according to the local region of eye (129 articles), the needle insertion involved horizontal needling (102 articles), and cured rate reported was higher than 90%.Eye acupuncture therapy is widely used for a variety of disorders and has a positive effect, particularly for stroke sequelae and various acute and chronic pain problems.

To explore the regularities of clinical application of hand acupuncture therapy to the treatment of diseases of different departments by using data mining technique, so as to provide a reference for clinical practice.We searched papers, academic dissertations and case reports (published in journals from Jan 1, 1953 to December 31, 2017) from databases of China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), VIP, and Wanfang, and also searched papers from medical books about hand acupuncture treatment of different diseases/illness by using keywords of "hand acupuncture" and "hand acupoints"， followed by constructing a database after sorting, screening, recording, extracting, and statistical analysis by using a computer. Then, the data mining was conducted for summarizing the characteristics and rules of the hand acupuncture therapy in clinical application.The hand acupuncture therapy in Chinese medical journals was found to be applied to various clinical departments, with the frequency from high to low successively being 16 types of diseases (37.21%) in the surgery, 15 diseases (34.88%) in the internal medicine, 2 diseases (4.65%) in the pediatrics, 8 diseases (18.60%) in the ophthalmology-otorhinolaryngology, 1 disease (2.33%) in the genecology and 1 disease (2.33%) in the dermatology. In the treatment of diseases, the cure plus markedly effective rate of hand acupuncture was found to be highest for diseases of the pediatrics (90.65%), and was 88.45% surgery, 78.06% internal medicine, 89.96% ophthalmology-otorhinolaryngology, 60.61% gynecology, and 67.73% dermatology, respectively. When hand acupuncture used, the acupoints of the hand region on both sides, healthy side and affected side were often selected, and movement exercise was often used in combination, particularly for problems of the surgery. In the collected medical records and 6 acupuncture books, the hand acupuncture was employed for treatment of 34 and 123 kinds of diseases or problems, respectively, with the tissue injury, lumbocrural pain being most frequently seen in the records, and abdominal pain, lumbocrural, chest obstruction, etc. most frequently seen in the acupuncture books.Hand acupuncture therapy is widely used in the treatment of many clinical problems of different departments, such as tissue injury, leg pain, etc. of the surgery; abdominal pain, asthma, etc. of the internal medicine; infantile enuresis, diarrhea, etc. of the pediatrics. Acupoints of the hand on the unilateral side are frequently employed and may have a better therapeutic effect.

Different acupuncture-moxibustion therapies can produce different clinical effects, that is, the effect has specificity, which is significantly important in obtaining acupuncture-moxibustion efficacy. In this study, the clinical application laws of fire needle, acupoint injection, catgut embedment, acupoint application, moxibustion therapy and filiform needle acupuncture were summarized in the aspects of category of disease, efficacy and related prescriptions (such as medication and acupoint selection) based on the result of data mining, and the general applicable categories of disease of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment methods were further screened, so as to guide the clinical application and give play to the best efficacy.

Objective To provide objective basis for clinical decision through efficacy evaluation of randomized controlled trial on moxibustion in treatment of urinary retention. Methods Chinese National knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), VIP, Wanfang Data, and Sciencedirect were retrieved. The objects screened were from January 1, 1990 to June 30, 2013. Irrelevant, repeated and non-randomized controlled trials were excluded, and randomized controlled trials on moxibustion in treatment of urinary retention conforming to the inclusive criteria were selected. The quality of randomized controlled trials conforming to the inclusive criteria was evaluated using Jadad Scale, and the trials were analyzed statistically via RevMan5.2 software. The randomized controlled trials on moxibustion in treatment of urinary retention were evaluated systematically through Cochrane systematic review. Results Nineteen references with better homogeneity were included into the study. Based on Meta-analysis result, the consolidated effect size OR=6.95, 95%Cl(5.12, 9.44), consolidated effect size test Z=12.43, P Conclusion Moxibustion in treatment of urinary retention has a certain efficacy but there are some small sample size and low-quality literature in the study, big sample size and high-quality and formal randomized controlled trials are needed to study in the futher.

To explore the regularity and characteristics of clinical application of scalp acupuncture therapy for different types of clinical conditions so as to provide a reference for clinical practice.In the present study, "head acupuncture" and"scalp acupuncture" were used as the keywords to search papers and academic dissertations having definite standards for diagnosis and therapeutic effect assessment and published in journals and academic conferences collected in database China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI) from January 1 of 1959 to December 31 of 2016, followed by constructing a database after sorting, screening, recording, extracting, and statistical analysis by using a computer. Then, the data mining was conducted for summarizing the indications of disease categories, involved medical departments, needle-insertion methods, needle manipulation techniques, academic schools, and clinical efficacy of scalp acupuncture therapy.As a result, a total of 587 papers met our including criteria were analyzed. The scalp acupuncture therapy was widely employed in the treatment of various clinical conditions of different departments, with the application frequency being the internal medicine (438 times), surgery (75 times), pediatrics (44 times), etc. Of the indicated 102 types of clinical problems, 55 belong to the internal medicine, constituting of 53.92%, particularly the cerebral apoplexy and its sequelae with the top application frequency being 102 and 115 times, respectively. In terms of needle inserting methods mentioned in partial papers (most papers do not mention), fingernail-pressing-aided needle insertion, needle-twirling insertion, fingers-squeezed-needle insertion, particularly the swiftly rotating needle insertion and rapid needle-propelling insertion were most commonly used.Regarding the needle manipulation method, rapid needle twirling technique was frequently employed, usually at a frequency of approximately 200 times per min. In regard to the academic schools, JIAO Shun-fa's scalp acupuncture system was most frequently used, followed by the international standardized scalp acupuncture. The therapeutic effect of scalp acupuncture is effective in the treatment of different conditions of various departments, especially those of the dermatology and gynecology.Scalp acupuncture has superiority in the treatment disorders of the internal medicine and has been demonstrated to have positive effects for many types of problems, particularly for apoplexy and its sequelae. Rapid needle-propelling insertion and rapid needle-twirling technique are often employed.

To explore the rule of clinical application of auricular acupuncture therapy by data mining in order to guide clinical practice.The data base about single auricular acupuncture therapy for different clinical diseases was established by collection, sorting, screening, recording, collation, data extraction, statistic analysis on data samples from journals, academic theses dissertations published in near 60 years. The application rules of auricular therapy including its predominant diseases, stimulus modality, therapeutic effect, and angle of needling were summarized by data mining technique.Auricular acupuncture therapy has been widely and mostly used in the internal medicine department, accounting for 48.56%. Of stimulus modalities, auricular point paste and pressure is applied with the highest frequency, accounting for 64%. The highest effective rate is found in the surgery department diseases(81.41%). Pressure is the most effective stimulus in the internal medi-cine department, and bloodletting combined with paste and pressure in the surgery department, auricular point injection in the gynecology and pediatrics departments, bloodletting in the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology department, and auricular point incision in the dermatology department. Auricular point injection has remarkable effect. Bloodletting combined with paste and pressure has nearly the same effect as bloodletting in the same medical department except dematology department. Otherwise, angle of needling is rarely studied.Auricular therapy is widely used and has remarkable effect in treating diseases by using different stimulus modalities. Whereas the angle of needling is rarely studied and future investigation is needed.

In the present paper, using data mining technology,the authors downloaded information from databases on auricular needle therapy, and obtained data samples from journals and academic dissertations involving the application of auricular needle therapy to treat diseases, and then screened, audited, and extracted the data and performed a statistical analysis. The authors extracted data on the application of auricular needle therapy in the stimulation methods of medicine (needling instrument), selection of the side of ear to treat disease and the number of times the ear was pressed per day and the compression time. In the stimulation methods, the needling instrument varied, the seeds of cowherb

Social sensing via mobile apps complements physical sensing (e.g., IoT) by substantially extending the horizon we know about our daily life in real time. This paper discusses how we can integrate physical and social sensing to enable better and smarter services, focusing on enriching riders' experience of using bike sharing services in New York City. We show how we real time collect, process, and model data on riders' profiles and mobility needs, and from citibike and social media. With the support of big data technologies, we conduct data integration and aggregation to develop a smart service system by focusing on meeting the needs of riders in real time. The developed prototype in support of city mobility management and operations reveals the great potential of providing riders enriched user experience.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of exosomes derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BM-SCs) on the chemoresistant characteristics of nalm-6 cells treated with etoposide (VP16). The present study isolated exosomes from BM-SC-conditioned medium by using standard differential centrifugation steps and detected the expression of 70 kilodalton heat shock proteins (HSP70) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 (CD63) in exosomes by western blot analysis. Nalm-6 cells were co-cultured with exosomes in the presence of VP16. Cell viability and apoptosis were then detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 method and Annexin-V/propidium iodide, respectively. Finally, protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), BCL-2-like protein 4 (BAX), caspase-3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) were examined by western blot analysis. Exosomes were successfully isolated from the conditioned medium and confirmed by the expression of HSP70 and CD63. BM-SC-derived exosomes increased the viability of nalm-6 cells in the presence of VP16 and inhibited the apoptosis induced by VP16. Western blot analysis results showed that exosomes can block the significant reduction of BCL-2, full-length caspase-3 and full-length PARP, while preventing the increase of BAX, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP induced by VP16. Exosomes derived from BM-SCs can protect nalm-6 cells from VP16-induced apoptosis to maintain their survival and induce resistance to VP16. In addition, BCL-2/BAX, caspase-3, and PARP may be involved in the mechanism of exosome-induced drug resistance.

By introducing 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridyl and 2,6-di-(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine derivatives as ligand in the reaction system, three new transition-metal coordination complexes have been successfully synthesized, namely, [Co(HL1 )2 ] (1), [Ni(HL1 )2 ] (2), and [Ni3 (H2 L2 )2 ⋅(HL2 )2 ]⋅(OH)3 ⋅(Ac)⋅H2 O (3) (H2 L1 =2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine and H2 L2 =2,6-di-(5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine). They are all characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, UV absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis shows that the structures of complexes 1 and 2 are similar. They are constructed from one metal (Co, Ni) atom and two 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine ligands (HL1 - ); the HL1 - ligand is in the tridentate coordination mode with N3 donors. Complex 3 is a trinuclear Ni complex with four 2,6-di-(5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (H2 L2 ) ligands, in which the H2 L2 possesses two coordination fashions: terminal tridentate and bridging tetradentate. In addition, the surface photovoltage spectroscopy and photocatalytic activities of complexes 1-3 were investigated in detail. The results reveal that complex 3 possesses higher photocatalytic activity.

A pressure-assisted capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed to determine the pKa values of a triptolide derivative (LLDT-246) and its impurities. The method was performed in an uncoated fused-silica capillary under the electric voltage of 18kV and 50mbar of external pressure applied simultaneously. A series of running electrolyte buffers were used with pH ranging between 2.2 and 10.0 with the constant ionic strength of 0.05M. The values of pKa of LLDT-246 and two impurities were calculated based on the pH dependence of effective mobilities (μeff). The pKa value of LLDT-246 was in good agreement with that of determined by potentiometric titration method.

this paper explores the urban traffic congestion problems, from four angles: the discrimination of the traffic congestion, cause of traffic congestion, congestion characteristics of urban traffic network, measures to solve traffic congestion, to conduct in-depth analysis of traffic congestion.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of acupoint catgut embedding therapy (ACET) for simple obesity. Methods Computer retrieval was used for randomized controlled trials on the treatment effect of simple obesity with ACET in databases of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data system, and the China Biology Medicine disc (CBMDisc). The Jadad Quality Scale was used in the evaluation of included studies. The outcome indicators were analyzed with the Review Manage 5.1 software. Results A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included finally. The meta-analysis result showed that compared with the control group, there was statistically significance on the total efficiency of using ACET for simple obesity [OR=2.51, 95% confidence interval (1.74, 3.63), Z=4.91, P , ST 25), Zhōngwân ( CV 12), Fēnglong ( ST 40), Shu fēn ( CV 9), Qihai ( CV 6), Sānyīnjiāo ( SP 6), Zusanl ( ST 36), Ashi point, Daheng ( SP 15). The five kinds of catgut embedding needle were injection needles + acupuncture needle, specialized catgut embedding needle, spinal needle, triangular needle, and skin suture needle. Conclusion There is definite efficiency of using ACET in the treatment of simple obesity. However, the clinical efficiency still lacks of sufficient evidences. Therefore, further clinical research should be conducted in the providing of reliable evidences in the clinical decision-making in the future.

To explore the regularities and features of compound reinforcing-reducing manipulation of acupuncture filiform needles in the treatment of clinical conditions or diseases by using data mining technique, so as to guide clinical practice.At first, the data base about the reinforcing-reducing manipulation (CRRM) of filiform needles for different clinical problems was established by collection, sorting, screening, recording, collation, data extraction of the related original papers published in journals and conferences and related academic dissertations from Jan. 1 of 1950 to Jan. 31 of 2015 by using key words of "acupuncture" "moxibustion" "needling" "filiform needle", and according to the included and excluded standards.A total of 130 835 papers met the included standards were collected. Outcomes of data mining in the present study showed that (1) the ORRM is most frequently applied in the internal medicine, followed by surgery, gynecology, ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, dermatology, and pediatrics, successively, mostly for lumbago and leg pain; (2) the heat-producing needling manipulation is the most frequently applied technique, followed by cool-producing needling, dragon-tiger warring, yang occluding in yin, yin occluding in yang techniques; (3) the highest effective rate of CRRM is for problems of the pediatrics, followed by those of the internal medicine, surgery, ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, dermatology, and gynecology; (4) the most fre- quently used acupoints are Zusanli (ST 36), then Sanyinjiao (SP 6), stimulated by heat-producing needling, and Zusanli (ST 36), then Quchi (LI 11), stimulated by cool-producing needling, and Huantiao (GB 30), stimulated by dragon-tiger warring needling.The compound reinforcing-reducing manipulation of acupuncture is most frequently applied to problems in the inter- nal medicine, predominately for lumbago and leg pain, and the best effectiveness is for pediatric conditions. The heat-producing needling and cool-producing needling are most frequently applied at Zusanli (ST 36) and the dragon-tiger warring manipulation is most frequently applied at Huantiao (GB 30).

To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) on VP16-induced apoptosis of Nalm-6 cells.hUC-MSC were isolated and identified using morphological observation and flow cytometry, then Nalm-6 cells were treated with hUC-MSC with or without VP16. Apoptosis and cell cycle were assayed by FACS. The mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes BCL-2, BAX and caspase-3 were detected by quantitative RT-PCR, and the protein levels of BCL-2, BAX and caspase-3 were examined by Western blot.FACS showed that hUC-MSC inhibited the proliferation and decreased apoptosis of Nalm-6 cells resulted from VP16. The quantitative RT-PCR showed that hUC-MSC increased the mRNA expression level of BCL-2 and decreased the expression level of BAX and caspase-3 (P0.05). Western blot showed that the protein expression level of BCL-2 increased, and expression level of BAX and caspase-3 decreased in Nalm-6 cells after co-culture with hUC-MSC (P0.05).hUC-MSC may protect Nalm-6 cells from apoptosis induced by VP16 through regulation of BCL-2, BAX and caspase-3.

Based on the improved trial test of a construction section of expansive soil subgrade filling in Small Crow first class road in Yi Chang, a comparative analysis about the improvement on the swell-shrink performance of expansive soil test sample by adding lime, cement, fly ash, weathered sand is made. From the applicability and economic perspective, weathered sand improvement with the best effect. The best construction mixing sand ratio for medium and strong expansive soil is determined as10%, the expansive soil after improved treatment can be used as the first class road subgrade filling.

Two U(VI)-containing coordination polymers, (UO2)2O2(Suc)(2,2′-bipy)2 (1) and UO2(BC)2(DMF) (2) (2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, H2Suc = succinic acid, HBC = benzoic acid, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), have been synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses show that 1 is a 1-D chain coordination polymer in which U(VI) ions are connected by succinic acid ligand and the 1-D chain is connected into a 3-D supramolecular network by C⊟H···O hydrogen bonds between carbon of 2,2′-bipyridine and uranyl oxygen. For 2, monomeric entities are further assembled into a 1-D supramolecular network by C–H···O hydrogen bonds between carbon of DMF molecule and coordinated carboxylate oxygen. Thermogravimetric analyses and photoluminescent properties of 1 and 2 are discussed.

The study object is traffic flow on main road of urban traffic networks, the traffic condition is recognized by traffic flow theory and fuzzy logic method. The average space speed is a variable of the fact flow function, the road congestion degree is described by the ratio of fact flow and traffic capacity; the ratio of congestion time length and total time length is the congestion frequency. Considering congestion degree and congestion frequency, a fuzzy logic method is used to describe the traffic state by three grades: free, congestion and serious congestion. At last, the numerical example is given to analyze traffic state.

Objective To explore the clinically indicated diseases of acupoint catgut-embedding therapy, and summarize and analyze the disease spectrum of acupoint catgut-embedding therapy. Methods By literature research and data mining technique, the clinical study papers relevant to acupoint catgut-embedding therapy published from 1971 to June 2011 were selected, entered and verified, then the effective information were extracted, and finally, the disease spectrum were summarized. Results Acupoint catgut-embedding therapy is indicated for 103 diseases, involving 6 departments, of which there are 50 internal diseases, which is the most, accounting to 48.54%, and 15 surgical diseases, 12 ENT diseases, 11 gynecological diseases and 11 dermatological diseases, and 4 pediatric diseases, which is the least. Meanwhile, according to the rule of “Efficacy acupuncture grading disease spectrum”, the diseases treated with this therapy were graded preliminarily into grade I with 26 diseases, grade II with 30 diseases, and grade III with 8 diseases. Conclusion Acupoint catgut-embedding therapy can be used widely in clinical treatment with much broader disease spectrum, and it is worthy of being spread and applied.

Two new lanthanide coordination polymers, [Sm2(nic)3(ad)0.5(H2O)(μ3-O)2] (1), [Pr(nic)(ad)]·2H2O (2) (nic = nicotinic acid, ad = adipic acid) have been synthesized hydrothermally from the self-assembly of the lanthanide ions (Ln3+) with rigid nicotinic acid and the flexible adipic acid. They were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses reveal that both of the complexes crystallize in triclinic, space group P-1 and have different framework characterization. Because of different coordination modes of nicotinate, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit 2D and 3D framework structure, respectively. In 1, the Sm1 and Sm2 atoms and their corresponding centrosymmetric atoms are connected by bridging oxygen atoms to form a 1D Sm2(μ3 -O)2 polymeric chain along [010] direction. The photoluminescent properties of 1 and thermogravimetric analysis of 1 and 2 are discussed in detail.

Two new 3-D lanthanide coordination polymers, [CeK(btec)(H2O)2] n (1), [Ho(btec)0.5(ad)0.5(H2O)] n (2) (H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, H2ad = adipic acid), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses reveal that both complexes crystallized in monoclinic space group P21/c and possessed 3-D net-structures. In 1, btec adopts two types of coordination modes: µ12–η2:η2:η2:η1:η2:η2:η2:η1 bridging mode linking six Ce(III) ions and six K+ ions and the other µ8–η1:η2:η2:η1:η1:η2:η2:η1 bridging mode connecting four Ce(III) ions and four K+ ions. In 2, btec adopts a µ6-bridging with each carboxylate group of btec ligand in a µ2–η1–η2 mode, the adipate is µ4-bridging with each carboxylate µ2–η1–η1-monodentate. The topological analysis shows that 1 can be simplified to a 3-nodal net with the Schlafli symbol {32,48,53,62}4{34,412,512}{438,626,82} and 2 can be simplified to a 3-nodal...

By using 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid as mixed-linkers, three novel 3D lanthanide coordination polymers, [Ln(BDC)0.5(BTEC)0.5(H2O)] (Ln = Eu (1) and Gd (2)) and [Tb(BDC)0.5(BTEC)0.5(H2O)] (3) (H2BDC = 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid, H4BTEC = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid) were synthesized via hydrothermal reaction. The X-ray single crystal analyses reveal that the three coordination polymers present two types of different crystal cell parameters and hereby exhibited two kinds of different metal–organic frameworks, although they have the similar chemical formula [Ln(BDC)0.5(BTEC)0.5(H2O)]. Of these complexes, complexes 1 and 2 are isomorphous, crystallizing in monoclinic, space group P21/n. While 3 is a 3D eight-coordinated terbium complex with triclinic crystal system and P-1 space group. The occurrence of the different structures of these complexes under the similar preparation method may be related to the lanthanide contraction effect. Additional, the thermogravimetric analyses and photoluminescent properties for complexes 1 and 3 were discussed in detail. Three novel coordination polymers, [Ln(BDC)0.5(BTEC)0.5(H2O)] (Ln = Eu (1) and Gd (2)) and [Tb(BDC)0.5(BTEC)0.5(H2O)] (3) (H2BDC = 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid, H4BTEC = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid) have been firstly synthesized hydrothermally. Complexes 1 and 2 are isomorphous, crystallizing in monoclinic, space group P21/n. While 3 is a novel eight-coordinated Tb(III) complex with triclinic crystal system and P-1 space group.

Fatigue test was carried out on AZ31B magnesium alloy. Under 2×10 6 cycle times, the fatigue strengths of base metal (BM), butt joint (BJ), transverse cross joint (TJ), lateral connection joint (LJ) are 66.72, 39.00, 24.38 and 24.40 MPa, respectively. The crack propagation behavior of the alloy was analyzed by optical microscopy. The AZ31B magnesium alloy base metal has a smooth crack propagation macroscopic path. However, the microscopic path is twisted and some cracks have two forks, and the crack propagation is transgranular. The crack initiates in the weld toe and the crack propagates along the HAZ for the BJ and TJ; for the LJ crack initiates in the fillet weld leg. The fatigue fracture mechanisms were analyzed by SEM. The fatigue fracture surface consists of quasi-cleavage patterns or cleavage step and a brittle fracture occurs. Numerous secondary cracks are observed; some fatigue striations exist in butt joint and its size is about 5 μm.

Two novel lanthanide polycarboxylate coordination polymers[Ln(ox)0.5(bta)0.5(H2O)2] n ,(Ln=Sm(1)and Gd(2))(ox=oxalic acid;bta=1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid)were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions.The polymers were charac- terized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction.The structural analyses reveal that 1 and 2 are isomorphous.The corresponding lanthanide metal ions are connected by mixed-linker 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and oxalic acid,consequently,to form intricate three dimensional networks.Additional,the thermal stability and photoluminescence of 1 were investigated in detail.

A new series of rigid–flexible lanthanide coordination polymers, namely, [Eu(BSA)(glu)(H2O)2]·H2O (Ln = Eu(1), Sm(2), Ce(3), Pr(4), Nd(5)); H2glu = glutaric acid, HBSA = benzene sulfonic acid), have been constructed by a solution synthesis method from the self-assembly of the lanthanide ions (Ln3+) with the flexible aliphatic dicarboxylate glutaric and the rigid aromatic benzene sulfonic acid. All of them were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray single crystal analyses reveal that they crystallize in monoclinic, space group P21/n, possessing 2D net-structures. In addition, the phase purities of the bulk samples were identified by X-ray powder diffraction. The thermogravimetric analysis of 1 and photoluminescent properties of 1 and 2 were investigated in detailed.

Standardization versus customization in service design is a topic of considerable discussion and debate. While it is recognized that service providers need to standardize or customize their services, it is unclear how such efforts may affect customer satisfaction. We hypothesize that standardization and customization may contribute to service satisfaction in a nonlinear fashion, and simultaneous efforts of standardizing and customizing service may not produce synergy in affecting customer perceptions of service. Empirical data collected from a sample of automobile after sale service customers offer considerable support for these hypotheses.

We used the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5 (DR5) to study the morphological properties of 1137 nearby infrared (IR) galaxies, most of which are brighter than 15.9 mag in r-band. This sample was drawn from a cross-correlation of the Infra-Red Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) point source catalog redshift survey with DR5 at z 0.08. Based on this IR galaxy sample, we constructed five volume-limited sub-samples with IR luminosity ranging from 109.5L⊙ to 1012L⊙. By deriving the IR luminosity functions (LF) for different morphological types, we found that normal spiral galaxies are the dominant population below LIR~8×1010 L⊙; while the fraction of barred spiral galaxies increases with increasing IR luminosity and becomes dominant in spiral galaxies beyond LIR5×1010L⊙. As the IR luminosity decreases, the IR galaxies become more compact and have lower stellar masses. The analysis also shows that normal spiral galaxies give the dominant contribution to the total comoving IR energy density in the nearby universe, while, in contrast, the contribution from peculiar galaxies is only 39%.

To analyze the therapeutic regularities and characteristics of blood-letting therapy for acne in the past clinical practice by using data mining.Original papers about acne treated by pricking blood therapy were searched and screened from common databases as Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), WanFang Data, SinoMed, Ovid, ScienceDirect, Socolar, SciFinder, Foreign Medical Journal Full-Text Service (FMJS) and PubMed using keywords of acne+bleeding therapy, acne+blood-letting, acne+ pricking blood, followed by establishing a data plateform to conduct a data mining using Online Analytical Processing (OLAP).A total of 230 original journal articles about acne treated by pricking blood therapy were collected. The included acne cases with wind-heat pattern were predoment, being 56 in frequency-times and acounting for 24. 78 %. In the treatment of acne, the therapeutic tool, three-edged needle was often used, being 168 in frequency and acounting for 71.79%. The frequently employed acupoints were those of the Governor Vessel and Bladder Meridian, such as Dazhui (GV 14) and back-shu points. When auricular points used for blood-letting, Erjian (EX-HN 6) and the Vena of the auricular back were most frequently selected. In addition to blood-letting, other therapies such as Chinese herbal medicines, filiform needles, and otopoint-pellet pressure were also used in combination, being 166 in items and constituting 72. 17%. Generally, blood-letting treatment was conducted once every three days (twice a week) or once every two days (three times a week) for about 20 sessions for each acne patient.Blood-letting therapy is effective in the treatment of acne. But if used in combination with other therapies, the therapeutic effect would be better.

The application of capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis for comparative evaluation of the binding interaction between antihypertensive drug captopril and human serum albumin in the absence and presence of diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide was presented in this work. At near-physiological conditions (67 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, I = 0.17, 37 °C), the individual solution of 100 μM captopril and the co-binding solution with 60 μM hydrochlorothiazide added were pre-equilibrated with series concentrations of HSA (10–475 μM) respectively, introducing hydrodynamically into an uncoated fused silica capillary (35 cm × 50 μm I.D. with 26.5 cm effective length). The values of number of binding sites, the binding constant for captopril and hydrochlorothiazide binding to HSA were obtained, respectively. It can be found that both drugs exhibit moderate binding properties towards HSA and there does not exist significant competitive binding effects between them.

To discuss the specificity of diseases treated by moxibustion and fire needling in clinical practice, so as to provide references for clinical treatment.With data mining of modern computer technique, journal and literature databases regarding moxibustion and fire needling were established, respectively. Literature regarding moxibustion and fire needling for the past 60 years has been collected, screened, included, reviewed and abstracted. The utility rate of moxibustion and fire needling in each department was calculated, frequency of diseases in clinical practice was summarized, and diseases which had differences in clinical practice in each department were screened; also the advantages of disease categories and clinical practice between two kinds of therapies in each department were compared.(1) The utility rate of moxibustion was highest in department of internal medicine and surgery, which were 43.6% and 28.1%, respectively; the utility rate of fire needling was highest in surgery and dermatological department, which were 53.7% and 23.8%, respectively. (2) According to the comparison and analysis on diseases treated by two therapies in clinic, among 26 kinds of gynecology diseases that were treated by moxibustion, 20 kinds were not involved with fire needling; among 22 kinds of pediatrics diseases that were treated by moxibustion, 20 kinds were not involved with fire needling. It was certain that the difference of the two therapies in clinical application was more significant in gynecology and pediatrics than that in the rest four departments. (3) Among the diseases which had differences in clinical practice in each department, the ones involved with moxibustion alone were insomnia, distention and fullness, consumptive fatigue in the department of internal medicine, blood-vessel Bi, stiff neck and hernia in surgery department, urticarial, skin Bi and skin cancer in dermatological department, malposition, infertility and amenorrhea in gynecology department, diarrhea, indigestion and stomachache in pediatrics department, blepharoptosis, blurred vision and dryness syndrome in ENT department; the ones involved with fire needling alone were numbness, coldness syndrome and acute renal colic in the department of internal medicine, lipoma, soft tissue injury and papilloma in surgery department, bromhidrosis, freckle and erysipelas in dermatological department, uterine fibroid in gynecology department, umbilical polyp in pediatrics department, auricle pseudocyst, starred nebula and phlegmatic mass in ENT department.Moxibustion is frequently applied in department of internal medicine and surgery, while fire needling is frequently used in surgery and dermatological department; the application of moxibustion is broader than that of fire needling in gynecology and pediatrics department. Among the diseases which have differences in clinical practice in each department, moxibustion is commonly seen for clinical symptoms featured with deficiency syndrome, while fire needling is commonly applied for the diseases that have obvious local symptoms.