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The o-phenanthroline gly Cu(II) complex, [CuCl(phen)(gly)]∙4H 2 O 1, has been prepared and structurally characterized. The transfer RNA binding and degradation properties of complex 1 have been investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. The results showed that 1 can efficiently cleave tRNA in the physiological conditions (pH 7.0, and 37 °C), and has a digestion coefficient nearly up to 100% within 75 h. AFM image for 1/RNA exhibited arrayed tandem repetitions of tRNA segments. This study is targeting the destruction of the high-order structures of genetic biomacromolecules which paves an important way to novel materials for the decontamination of microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and viruses)., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The data on patients with short-term remission of Cushing's disease (CD) might provide information that is not available from previous long-term remission studies. We aimed to investigate structural changes in the brain in these patients and to examine whether these changes were associated with clinical characteristics., Design: A cross-sectional study was performed., Methods: Thirty-four patients with CD (14 with CD in short-term remission and 20 with active CD) and 34 controls matched for age, sex and education underwent clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging brain scans. Biometric measurements, disease duration and remission duration data were collected. Grey matter volumes in the whole brain were examined using voxel-based morphometry (VBM)., Results: No differences were observed in the grey matter volumes of the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) and cerebellum between the patients with remitted CD and healthy controls, whereas patients with active CD had smaller grey matter volumes in these two regions compared with controls and patients with remitted CD. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between remission time and grey matter values in these regions in short-term remission patients with CD. Additionally, greater grey matter volumes in the bilateral caudate of short-term remission patients with CD were observed., Conclusions: Trends for structural restoration were found in CD patients with short-term remission. This finding was associated with the number of days elapsed since curative surgery and the current age of the patients. This study enhances our understanding of potential reversibility after the resolution of hypercortisolism in CD patients., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Exposure to chronic hypercortisolism has multiple adverse effects on brain biology in humans. Cushing's disease (CD) represents a unique and natural human model for examining the effects of hypercortisolism on the brain. This cross-sectional study used Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) to investigate the microstructure alterations in both white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) of CD patients and to determine the relationship of these changes with clinical characteristics. DKI images were obtained from 15 active CD patients. DKI parametric maps were estimated through voxel-based analyses (VBA) and compared with 15 healthy controls matched for age, sex and education. In addition, correlations were analyzed between the altered DKI parameters and clinical characteristics. Compared with healthy controls, CD patients mainly exhibited significantly altered diffuse parameters in the GM and WM of the left medial temporal lobe (MTL). The mean values of increased radial diffusivity (RD) of CD patients in GM of the left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus correlated positively with the clinical severity of CD. Additionally, we also found altered kurtosis parameters in the cerebellum and frontal lobe. DKI imaging of CD patients could represent complementary information in both white matter and gray matter. The impairment of the left MTL might explain some part of the memory and cognition impairments in CD patients., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Context and Objective: Cushing's disease (CD) provides a unique and naturalist model for studying the influence of hypercortisolism on the human brain and the reversibility of these effects after resolution of the condition. This cross-sectional study used resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) to investigate the altered spontaneous brain activity in CD patients and the trends for potential reversibility after the resolution of the hypercortisolism. We also aim to determine the relationship of these changes with clinical characteristics and cortisol levels., Subjects and Methods: Active CD patients (n = 18), remitted CD patients (n = 14) and healthy control subjects (n = 22) were included in this study. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) values were calculated to represent spontaneous brain activity., Results: Our study resulted in three major findings: (i) active CD patients showed significantly altered spontaneous brain activity in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus (PCu), occipital lobe (OC)/cerebellum, thalamus, right postcentral gyrus (PoCG) and left prefrontal cortex (PFC); (ii) trends for partial restoration of altered spontaneous brain activity after the resolution hypercortisolism were found in several brain regions; and (iii) active CD patients showed a significant correlation between cortisol levels and ALFF/ReHo values in the PCC/PCu, a small cluster in the OC and the right IPL., Conclusions: This study provides a new approach to investigating brain function abnormalities in patients with CD and enhances our understanding of the effect of hypercortisolism on the human brain. Furthermore, our explorative potential reversibility study of patients with CD may facilitate the development of future longitudinal studies., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Two recent whole-exome sequencing researches identifying somatic mutations in the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) gene in pituitary corticotroph adenomas provide exciting advances in this field. These mutations drive increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and promote adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production. This study was to investigate whether the inhibition of USP8 activity could be a strategy for the treatment of Cushing's disease (CD)., Methods: The anticancer effect of USP8 inhibitor was determined by testing cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, and ACTH secretion. The immunoblotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were conducted to explore the signaling pathway by USP8 inhibition., Results: Inhibition of USP8-induced degradation of receptor tyrosine kinases including EGFR, EGFR-2 (ERBB2), and Met leading to a suppression of AtT20 cell growth and ACTH secretion. Moreover, treatment with USP8 inhibitor markedly induced AtT20 cells apoptosis., Conclusions: Inhibition of USP8 activity could be an effective strategy for CD. It might provide a novel pharmacological approach for the treatment of CD.

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(18)O(5), which was prepared by the reaction of (R)-1,5-dioxaspiro-[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione and 4-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde with ethanol, the 1,3-dioxane ring is in a distorted envelope conformation with the spiro C atom forming the flap. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(13)H(12)N(2)O(2)S·H(2)O, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 35.34 (19)° and an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating (001) sheets.

The title compound, C(14)H(14)N(2)O(2), was prepared by the reaction of 3,4-dimethyl-benzaldehyde and furan-2-carbohydrazide. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 35.48 (14)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(4) chains propagating in [010].

There are four independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(11)H(15)N(3)S(2), with different conformations: the dihedral angles between the benzene rings and thio-urea units are 16.85 (9), 0.56 (10), 8.05 (12) and 4.56 (8)°. Each mol-ecule contains an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond, generating an S(5) ring. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(12)H(10)N(2)O(2), the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the furan ring is 24.6 (2)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(4) chains propagating in [010].

In the title compound, C(12)H(10)N(2)O(2)S, the dihedral angle between the benzene and thio-phene rings is 23.34 (16)°. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming (100) sheets.

In the title compound, C(11)H(15)N(3)OS, the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring and the thio-urea unit is 4.28 (7)° and an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into (001) sheets by N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(13)H(9)N(3)O(2)·H(2)O, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 10.7 (4)° and an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, the components are linked by N-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

The title compound, C(17)H(15)N(3)O(3), was prepared from 1-(2-nitro-phen-yl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-one and hydrazine. The dihedral angle between the benzene and phenyl rings is 74.55 (2)°. The pyrazoline ring is in a slight envelope conformation with the C atom bonded to the phenyl ring forming the flap. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect mol-ecules into chains along [100].

There are two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(11)H(14)N(2)O(2), which have similar conformations. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(4) chains propagating in [001].

The title compound, C(13)H(9)N(3)OS, was prepared by the reaction of thio-phene-2-carbohydrazide and 4-formyl-benzonitrile. The dihedral angle between the benzene and thio-phene rings is 11.9 (1)°. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(11)H(16)N(4)S, an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯S bonds occur, generating an R(2) (2)(8) loop.

In the title compound, C(13)H(12)N(2)O(2)S, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 15.20 (11)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(2) (2)(8) loops.

In the title compound, C(13)H(12)N(2)OS, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 14.84 (17)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(2) (2)(8) loops.

In the title compound, C(11)H(15)N(3)S, an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯S bonds occur, generating an R(2) (2)(8) loop.

The title compound, [Cu(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))(2)(C(3)H(4)N(2))(4)], was prepared by the reaction of imidazole and trichloro-acetatocopper(II). The Cu(II) atom adopts a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry, binding the N atoms of four imidazole ligands and the carboxyl-ate O atoms of two trichloro-acetate anions. The mol-ecular structure and packing are stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. Close inter-molecular Cl⋯Cl contacts [3.498 (3) Å] are also found in the structure.

The title compound, C(10)H(12)N(2)O(2), was prepared by the reaction of methyl carbazate and 4-methyl-benzaldehyde. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the carbazate fragment is 20.86 (10)°. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(22)H(23)NO(4)·C(2)H(6)O, the pyridyl ring is aligned at 89.39 (2) and 87.41 (2)° with respect to the benzene rings, and the three rings connected to the methine C atom are arranged in a propeller-like conformation. The heterocycle is linked to the solvent mol-ecule by an O-H⋯N hydrogen bond.

The title compound, C(9)H(9)FN(2)O, was prepared by the reaction between 2-fluoro-benzophenone and acetohydrazide. In the crystal structure, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur, generating R(2) (2)(8) loops.

In the mol-ecule of the title compound, C(20)H(14)N(4), the triazine ring is attached to two phenyl rings and one pyridine ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is also stabilized by C-H⋯π inter-actions.

In the title compound, [Cu(C(2)HCl(2)O(2))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)](C(2)HCl(2)O(2))·2H(2)O, the Cu(II) ion is bonded to two N,N'-bidentate 2,2'-bipyridyl ligands and one O-monodentate 2,2-dichloro-acetate anion in a distorted CuON(4) trigonal-bipyramidal geometry, with the O atom occupying an equatorial site. In the crystal, the components are linked by O-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(25)H(20)Br(2)N(2) (2+)·2NO(3) (-), the cation lies on a twofold rotation axis which imposes disorder of the dibromo-fluorene unit. In addition, the unique nitrate anion is disordered over two general sites of equal occupancy. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Objective: To investigate the differences of psychological and behavioral development between children aged 1 to 3 years fostered by grandparents and those by parents., Methods: Psychological and behavioral development of 443 children aged 1 to 3 years fostered by their grandparents and of aged-matched 443 children fostered by their parents were assessed with DST, an intellectual developmental screening test developed by Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai., Results: The abilities of social adaptation and intelligence development in children fostered by their grandparents were obviously retarded as compared with those in children fostered by their parents., Conclusions: There are shortcomings in psychological and behavioral development in children aged 1 to 3 years fostered by grandparents.

The title compound, C(14)H(13)N(3)O, was prepared from hypnone and isoniazid. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 12.21 (2)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains propagating in [001] and C-H⋯O inter-actions consolidate the packing.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Cu(2)(C(5)H(7)O(2))(4)(C(20)H(16)N(2))], contains half of a centrosymmetric dinuclear mol-ecule. In the mol-ecule, each Cu center is coordinated by four O atoms from two acetyl-acetonate ligands and one N atom from the bridging linear 1,4-bis-[2-(4-pyrid-yl)ethen-yl]benzene ligand in a square-pyramidal geometry. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into sheets parallel to the bc plane.

The title compound, C(16)H(13)NO(4), was prepared from 2-nitrylhypnone [systematic name: 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanone] and 4-methoxy-benzophenone by a Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The dihedral angle formed by the two benzene rings is 80.73 (2). The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the crystal of the title hydrated mol-ecular salt, C(7)H(7)N(2) (+)·C(8)H(5)Cl(2)O(3)·H(2)O, the components inter-act by way of N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, leading to chains propagating in [100].

The title compound, [Ag(C(9)H(7)NO)(2)](C(7)H(3)N(2)O(7)), was prepared from 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS), quinolin-8-ol and AgNO(3). The Ag(I) atom is coordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms from two quinolin-8-ols in a roughly planar [maximum deviation = 0.223 (2) Å] environment. The two quinolin-8-ol ligands are bent slightly with respect to each other, making a dihedral angle of 9.55 (9)°. The DNS anion inter-acts with the silver complex through O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(16)H(10)O(6), the complete mol-ecule is generated by a crystallographic centre of symmetry. In the crystal, O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into (100) sheets and C-H⋯O links also occur.

In the crystal of the title compound, C(8)H(9)N(3)O(2), mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming S(7) chains propagating in [010].

In the crystal of the title compound, C(10)H(11)BrN(2)O(2), the mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming S(4) chains propagating in [100]. A C-H⋯O inter-action also occurs.

In the crystal of the title compound, C(9)H(10)N(2)O(2), the mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating S(4) chains propagating in [010].

In the title compound, [Cu(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))(2)(C(6)H(12)N(4))(2)], the Cu(II) ion (site symmetry 2) is coordinated by two trichloro-acetate anions and two hexa-methyl-enetetra-mine mol-ecules, resulting in a distorted CuN(2)O(2) geometry that is inter-mediate between tetra-hedral and square planar. The Cl atoms are disordered over two sets of sites, with relative occupancies of 0.749 (7) and 0.251 (7). In the crystal, the packing is consolidated by inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions.

The title compound, C(10)H(10)Cl(2)N(2)O(2), was prepared by the reaction of ethyl carbazate and 2,4-dichloro-benzaldehyde. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming extended chains along [001].

In the title compound, C(12)H(16)N(2)O(4), an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating in the [010] direction.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(3)H(5)N(5)O(2), contains three crystallograpically independent mol-ecules. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular N-H⋯N, N-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network.

The title compound, C(11)H(14)N(2)O(3), was prepared by the reaction of ethyl carbazate and 1-(2-hydroxy-phen-yl)ethanone. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric dimers. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N inter-action also occurs.

There are two cations and two anions in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(6)H(10)N(3) (+)·C(2)H(2)ClO(2) (-). In the crystal, the components are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds to form a two-dimensional network. Additional stabilization is provided by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(6)H(10)N(3) (+)·H(2)PO(4) (-), the cations and anions are linked by inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network. Additional stabilization is provided by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions. N-H⋯N inter-actions are also present.

In the title compound, C(18)H(18)O(4), the 1,3-dioxane ring adopts a distorted envelope conformation with the C atom common to the cyclo-hexane ring forming the flap. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur.

The title compound, C(13)H(11)FO(4), was prepared by the reaction of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione and 2-fluoro-benzaldehyde in ethanol. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked into chains by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

The title compound, [Cu(C(2)HCl(2)O(2))(C(7)H(6)N(2))(3)(H(2)O)]C(2)HCl(2)O(2)·2H(2)O, was prepared by reaction of copper(II) 2,2-dichloro-acetic acid and benzimidazole in ethanol solution. The compound shows a regular trigonal-bipyramidal stereochemistry. The Cu(II) centre possesses a five-coordinated environment, coordinated by three N atoms from the three benzimidazole ligands and two O atoms, one from the dichloro-acetate ligand and the other from the coordinated water mol-ecule. The mol-ecular structure and packing are stabilized by O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The Cl atoms are disordered over two sites, with relative occupancies 0.67 (3) and 0.33 (3).

A new copper(II) complex [Cu(C 12 H 23 N 3 ) 4 Br 2 ·2H 2 O] was synthesized and its structure was characterized by x-ray crystallography and elemental analysis. The copper atom had a distorted octahedron coordination involving two bromide anions and four nitrogen atoms from the 1-decyl-1 H -[1,2,4]triazole ligands. Moreover, the electrochemical behavior and electrocatalysis of the carbon paste electrode (Cu-CPE) bulk-modified by the complex have been studied in detail. The Cu-CPE showed excellent electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite, and the detection limit was much lower than that mentioned in earlier reports. This bulk-modified CPE has good reproducibility, long-term stability and surface renewability, which appear promising for constructing chemical sensors.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(24)H(20)ClN(3)O(3), weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains extended along the a axis. The crystal studied was found to be an inversion twin.

The title compound, [Ni(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))(2)(C(5)H(5)N)(4)], was prepared by the reaction of pyridine and trichloro-acetatonickel(II) in ethanol solution at room temperature. The Ni(II) atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and has a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination made up of four N atoms of the pyridine ligands and two O atoms of trichloro-acetate anions. The mol-ecular structure and packing are stabilized by intra- and inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.