15 results on '"Jeffery Head"'
Search Results
2. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: Surgical Approaches and Associated Complications
- Author
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Jeffery Head, George Rymarczuk, Geoffrey Stricsek, Lohit Velagapudi, Christopher Maulucci, Christian Hoelscher, and James Harrop
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Postoperative complications ,Neurosurgical procedures ,Cervical vertebrae ,Spinal diseases ,Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a rare but potentially devastating cause of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). Decompressive surgery is the standard of care for OPLL and can be achieved through anterior, posterior, or combined approaches to the cervical spine. Surgical correction of OPLL via any approach is associated with higher rates of complications and the presence of OPLL is considered a significant risk factor for perioperative complications in DCM surgeries. Potential complications include dural tear (DT) and subsequent cerebrospinal fluid leak, C5 palsy, hematoma, hardware failure, surgical site infections, and other neurological deficits. Anterior approaches are technically more demanding and associated with higher rates of DT but offer greater access to ventral OPLL pathology. Posterior approaches are associated with lower rates of complications but may allow for continued disease progression. Therefore, the decision to pursue either an anterior or posterior approach to surgical decompression may be critically influenced by complications associated with each procedure. The authors critically review anterior and posterior approaches to surgical decompression of OPLL with particular focus on the complications associated with each approach. We also review the recent work in developing new surgical treatments for OPLL that aim to reduce complication incidence.
- Published
- 2019
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3. Predictors of ventriculostomy infection in a large single-center cohort
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Erica Mann, Robert H. Rosenwasser, Christine Wamsley, James S. Harrop, Nohra Chalouhi, Jeffery Head, Ahmad Sweid, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Julie Hauge, Nabeel Herial, Symeon Missios, Christopher Neely, Hekmat Zarzour, Pascal Jabbour, Kareem El Naamani, Rawad Abbas, David Nauheim, M. Reid Gooch, Tyler D Alexander, David Hasan, and Joshua H. Weinberg
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Adult ,Male ,Reoperation ,Ventriculostomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Single Center ,Logistic regression ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Risk Factors ,Chart review ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Surgical Wound Infection ,Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ,business.industry ,Female sex ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hydrocephalus ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cohort ,Drainage ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,External ventricular drain - Abstract
OBJECTIVE External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is a common neurosurgical procedure. While this procedure is simple and effective, infection is a major limiting factor. Factors predictive of infection reported in the literature are not conclusive. The aim of this retrospective, single-center large series was to assess the rate and independent predictors of ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI). METHODS The authors performed a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients who underwent EVD placement between January 2012 and January 2018. RESULTS A total of 389 patients were included in the study. The infection rate was 3.1% (n = 12). Variables that were significantly associated with VAI were EVD replacement (OR 10, p = 0.001), bilateral EVDs (OR 9.2, p = 0.009), duration of EVD placement (OR 1.1, p = 0.011), increased CSF output/day (OR 1.0, p = 0.001), CSF leak (OR 12.9, p = 0.001), and increased length of hospital stay (OR 1.1, p = 0.002). Using multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors of VAI were female sex (OR 7.1, 95% CI 1.1–47.4; p = 0.043), EVD replacement (OR 8.5, 95% CI 1.44–50.72; p = 0.027), increased CSF output/day (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.0–1.02; p = 0.023), and CSF leak (OR 15.1, 95% CI 2.6–87.1; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The rate of VAI was 3.1%. Routine CSF collection (every other day or every 3 days) and CSF collection when needed were not associated with VAI. The authors recommend CSF collection when clinically needed rather than routinely.
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- 2021
4. The Implications of Paraspinal Muscle Atrophy in Low Back Pain, Thoracolumbar Pathology, and Clinical Outcomes After Spine Surgery: A Review of the Literature
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Kevin D. He, Phelan Shea, Ashwini Sharan, Christian Hoelscher, Richard F. Schmidt, James S. Harrop, Kevin Hines, Jeffery Head, Geoffrey Stricsek, and Nikolaos Mouchtouris
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Low back pain ,Surgery ,spine surgery ,low-back pain ,Lumbar ,Spine surgery ,Atrophy ,paraspinal muscle atrophy ,systematic review ,medicine ,Spinal deformity ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Review Articles ,lumbar ,Paraspinal Muscle - Abstract
Study Design: Literature review. Objectives: Paraspinal muscle integrity is believed to play a critical role in low back pain (LBP) and numerous spinal deformity diseases and other pain pathologies. The influence of paraspinal muscle atrophy (PMA) on the clinical and radiographic success of spinal surgery has not been established. We aim to survey the literature in order to evaluate the impact of paraspinal muscle atrophy on low back pain, spine pathologies, and postoperative outcomes of spinal surgery. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted using a total of 267 articles identified from a search of the PubMed database and additional resources. A full-text review was conducted of 180 articles, which were assessed based on criteria that included an objective assessment of PMA in addition to measuring its relationship to LBP, thoracolumbar pathology, or surgical outcomes. Results: A total of 34 studies were included in this review. The literature on PMA illustrates an association between LBP and both decreased cross-sectional area and increased fatty infiltration of paraspinal musculature. Atrophy of the erector spinae and psoas muscles have been associated with spinal stenosis, isthmic spondylolisthesis, facet arthropathy, degenerative lumbar kyphosis. A number of studies have also demonstrated an association between PMA and worse postoperative outcomes. Conclusions: PMA is linked to several spinal pathologies and some studies demonstrate an association with worse postoperative outcomes following spinal surgery. There is a need for further research to establish a relationship between preoperative paraspinal muscle integrity and postoperative success, with the potential for guiding surgical decision making.
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- 2019
5. Internal Neurolysis for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia: Systematic Review
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Jacob Mazza, Tomas Garzon, Fadi Al-Saiegh, Victor Sabourin, Jeffery Head, James J. Evans, Anthony Stefanelli, and Pascal Lavergne
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Percutaneous ,business.industry ,Radiofrequency ablation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Rhizotomy ,Microvascular decompression ,medicine.disease ,Radiosurgery ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Surgery ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Trigeminal neuralgia ,law ,medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neurolysis - Abstract
IntroductionTrigeminal neuralgia remains a challenging disease with significant debilitating symptoms and variable efficacy in terms of treatment options, namely microvascular decompression (MVD), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and percutaneous rhizotomy. Internal neurolysis (IN) is an alternative treatment that may be provide patient benefit but has limited understanding. We performed a systematic review of IN treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.MethodsStudies from 2000 to 2021 that assessed IN in trigeminal neuralgia were aggregated and independently reviewed. Weighted averages for demographics, outcomes and complications were generated.ResultsA total of 520 patients in 12 studies were identified with 384 who underwent IN (mean age 53.8 years, range 46-61.4 years). A mean follow-up time of 36.5 months (range 12-90 months) was seen. Preoperative symptoms were present for about 55.0 months before treatment and pain was predominantly in V2/3 (26.8%) followed by other distributions. An excellent to good outcome (Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Score [BNI-PS] I-III) was seen in 83.7% of patients (range 72-93.8%). Pain outcomes at 1 year were excellent in 58-78.4%, good or better in 77-93.75% and fair or better in 80-93.75% of patients. On average facial numbness following IN was seen in 96% of patients however at follow-up remained in only 1.75-10%. The vast majority of remaining numbness was not significantly distressing to patients. Subgroup comparisons of IN vs. recurrent MVD, IN vs. radiofrequency ablation, the impact of IN during the absence of vascular compression as well as IN with and without MVD were also evaluated.ConclusionsIN represents a promising approach for surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in the absence of vascular compression or in potential cases of recurrence. Complications were limited in general. Further study is required to evaluate the impact of IN via higher quality prospective studies.
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- 2021
6. Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: Surgical Approaches and Associated Complications
- Author
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Christopher M. Maulucci, Lohit Velagapudi, George N. Rymarczuk, Jeffery Head, James S. Harrop, Christian Hoelscher, and Geoffrey Stricsek
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Surgical approach ,Cerebrospinal fluid leak ,business.industry ,Cervical vertebrae ,Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ,Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament ,Perioperative ,Review Article ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Surgery ,Myelopathy ,Postoperative complications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hematoma ,medicine ,Neurosurgical procedures ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Complication ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Spinal diseases - Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a rare but potentially devastating cause of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). Decompressive surgery is the standard of care for OPLL and can be achieved through anterior, posterior, or combined approaches to the cervical spine. Surgical correction of OPLL via any approach is associated with higher rates of complications and the presence of OPLL is considered a significant risk factor for perioperative complications in DCM surgeries. Potential complications include dural tear (DT) and subsequent cerebrospinal fluid leak, C5 palsy, hematoma, hardware failure, surgical site infections, and other neurological deficits. Anterior approaches are technically more demanding and associated with higher rates of DT but offer greater access to ventral OPLL pathology. Posterior approaches are associated with lower rates of complications but may allow for continued disease progression. Therefore, the decision to pursue either an anterior or posterior approach to surgical decompression may be critically influenced by complications associated with each procedure. The authors critically review anterior and posterior approaches to surgical decompression of OPLL with particular focus on the complications associated with each approach. We also review the recent work in developing new surgical treatments for OPLL that aim to reduce complication incidence.
- Published
- 2019
7. Clinical Outcomes and Complications following Internal Neurolysis for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia: An Institutional Case Series
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Fadi Al-Saiegh, Pascal Lavergne, James J. Evans, Jeffery Head, Anthony Stefanelli, Jacob Mazza, Victor Sabourin, Donald Y. Ye, and Tomas Garzon
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Trigeminal neuralgia ,business.industry ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Neurolysis ,Surgery - Published
- 2020
8. Defining the Complication Landscape of Internal Neurolysis for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia via a Systematic Review of the Literature
- Author
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Jeffery Head, Fadi Al-Saiegh, Jacob Mazza, Victor Sabourin, Pascal Lavergne, Tomas Garzon, James J. Evans, and Anthony Stefanelli
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Trigeminal neuralgia ,business.industry ,medicine ,Complication ,medicine.disease ,business ,Neurolysis ,Surgery - Published
- 2020
9. E-118 Mechanical thrombectomy in distal vessels: revascularization rates, complications and functional outcome
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Kavya Shivashankar, Michael R. Gooch, Vivian Xu, Tyler D Alexander, Ahmad Sweid, Nabeel Herial, Robert H. Rosenwasser, S Tjoumakaris, Jeffery Head, and Pascal Jabbour
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cerebral arteries ,Revascularization ,Surgery ,Mechanical thrombectomy ,Medicine ,Referral center ,Symptom onset ,One pass ,business ,Acute ischemic stroke - Abstract
Background and importance Pivotal trials have shown the tremendous efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in proximal occlusions (PO). However distal occlusions (DO) involving M2 and beyond, distal ACA (A2) and posterior cerebral arteries were not represented. The thoughts are that distal vessels supply a smaller brain area, however, with significant symptoms paired with accessible occlusions, the concept may need to be revisited. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of distal circulation mechanical thrombectomies compared to proximal circulation mechanical thrombectomies. Methods A retrospective review of patients presenting with distal circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at a tertiary referral center between 2010 and 2018. Results Out of 453 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for AIS, 73 patients had a DO (average age 72 years, 59% female). The mean NIHSS upon admission was 12 (95% CI: 11–14). The mean procedure time was 45 minutes (95% CI: 38–52) and mean time to revascularization, from symptom onset to finishing the thrombectomy procedure, was 522 minutes (95% CI: 438–5607). 45% (n=34) of subjects received tPA. Vessels involved included M2 (89%, n=68), A2 (3%, n=2), PCA (3%, n=2), and M3/4 (5%, n=4). A stentreiver alone was used in 11% of the cases (n=8), aspiration alone in 8% (n=6), and both stentreiver and aspiration in 72% (n=55), with failed attempts in 9% (n=7) of cases. Most procedures required one pass to recanalize the vessel (55%, n=42). TICI > 2b was achieved in 88% (n=67) of the subjects. Mean length of stay was eight days (95% CI: 6–10). Mortality was noted in 8% (n=6) of patients and independent functional outcome of mRS 2b) was not significantly different between DO and PO. However, procedure time was significantly shorter in the DO group (45 min vs. 52 min, p=0.05) and the mean number of passes were lower in the DO group (1.5 vs. 1.8, p=0.01). Mortality rate and good functional outcome was not significantly different between both groups. On multivariate analysis, DO group had a significantly shorter length of stay by about two days, compared to PO, when controlling for confounders (coef: -2 days, 95%CI: -4 to 0 days, p=0.05). Subjects with PO were over five times more likely to have a good TICI score compared to DO group (OR: 5.69, 95% CI: 1.22–26.5, p Conclusion Mechanical thrombectomy procedure for distal circulation strokes is as effective and safe as a proximal group. Though distal vessels supply smaller brain area, however when symptoms are pronounced the benefit of the procedure outweighs the risks. Disclosures A. Sweid: None. J. Head: None. S. Tjoumakaris: None. V. Xu: None. K. Shivashankar: None. T. Alexander: None. M. Gooch: None. N. Herial: None. R. Rosenwasser: None. P. Jabbour: None.
- Published
- 2019
10. P-038 Predictors of ventriculostomy infection in a large cohort
- Author
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C Neely, Michael R. Gooch, Robert H. Rosenwasser, S Tjoumakaris, C Wamsley, Nohra Chalouhi, Tyler D Alexander, Erica Mann, Jeffery Head, Nabeel Herial, Symeon Missios, Pascal Jabbour, and Ahmad Sweid
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Intracerebral hemorrhage ,Ventriculostomy ,Retrospective review ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Subarachnoid hemorrhage ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Intrathecal ,Large cohort ,Neurosurgical Procedure ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business ,External ventricular drain - Abstract
Background External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is a common neurosurgical procedure. While this procedure is simple and effective, infection is a major limiting factor. Factors predictive of infection reported in the literature are not conclusive. Objective The aim of this retrospective single-center large sample was to assess the rate and factors predictive of infection. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent EVD placement between January 2012 and January 2018. Results A total of 714 patients were included in the study. The infection rate was 3.6% (26/714). In 45% of the cases, the indication for ventriculostomy placement was for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Of the factors that were an independently significant predictor of ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI) was the placement of a second EVD; the likelihood was eight times higher than if only a single EVD was placed (OR: 7.95, 95% CI: 1.01–62.9, p 1060, p Conclusion Our study shows that the rate of VAI was 3.6%. Only three variables were significant independent predictors of VAI; these were the replacement of the EVD, routine CSF aspiration, and intrathecal drug delivery. Disclosures A. Sweid: None. S. Tjoumakaris: None. C. Wamsley: None. E. Mann: None. C. Neely: None. J. Head: None. M. Gooch: None. N. Herial: None. T. Alexander: None. S. Missios: None. N. Chalouhi: None. R. Rosenwasser: None. P. Jabbour: None.
- Published
- 2019
11. Mechanical Thrombectomy in Distal Vessels: Revascularization Rates, Complications, and Functional Outcome
- Author
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Robert H. Rosenwasser, Vivian Xu, Michael R. Gooch, Jaime A. Dougherty, David Hasan, Tyler D Alexander, Kavya Shivashankar, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Ahmad Sweid, Maureen DePrince, Nabeel Herial, Pascal Jabbour, and Jeffery Head
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cerebral arteries ,Posterior cerebral artery ,Revascularization ,Brain Ischemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Postoperative Complications ,medicine.artery ,Occlusion ,Anterior cerebral artery ,Medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Thrombectomy ,Aged, 80 and over ,Cerebral Revascularization ,business.industry ,Cerebral infarction ,Thrombolysis ,Cerebral Arteries ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Stroke ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Middle cerebral artery ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Introduction Pivotal trials have shown the tremendous efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in proximal occlusions. However distal occlusions involving second-order branches of the middle cerebral artery and beyond, anterior cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries were not represented. In this study, we investigated the feasibility and safety of distal circulation mechanical thrombectomy. Methods A retrospective review of patients presenting with distal circulation acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy 2010 and 2018. Results Of 453 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke, 76 had a distal occlusion. The mean National Institute Health Stroke Scale on admission was 12. Vessels involved included second-order branches of the middle cerebral artery (89%), third- and fourth-order branches of the middle cerebral artery (5%), second-order branch of the anterior cerebral artery (3%), and posterior cerebral artery (3%). Most procedures required 1 pass to recanalize the vessel (55%, n = 42). Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score ≥IIb was achieved in 89% of subjects. Mortality rate was 8% and independent functional outcome of m Rankin score ≤2 at 3 months was seen in 64.7% with clinical follow-up. On multivariate analysis, distal circulation had a significantly shorter length of stay by about 2 days, compared with proximal circulation. Subjects with proximal occlusion were more than 5 times more likely to have a good Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score compared with the distal group. There was no significant difference in periprocedural and postprocedural complications, good functional outcome at 3 months, and mortality between both groups. Conclusions Mechanical thrombectomy procedure for distal circulation strokes is as effective and safe as a proximal group. Though distal vessels supply smaller brain area; however, when symptoms are pronounced, the benefit of the procedure outweighs the risks.
- Published
- 2019
12. Waves of Pain Relief: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials in Spinal Cord Stimulation Waveforms for the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Low Back and Leg Pain
- Author
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Ashwini Sharan, Chengyuan Wu, Christian Hoelscher, Victor Sabourin, Jeffery Head, Justin Turpin, and Jacob Mazza
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Spinal cord stimulation ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ,Low back ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Leg ,Spinal Cord Stimulation ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Chronic pain ,Leg pain ,Patient Preference ,medicine.disease ,Low back pain ,Clinical trial ,Treatment Outcome ,Systematic review ,nervous system ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Chronic Pain ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Low Back Pain ,tissues ,Complex Regional Pain Syndromes ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In the United States, chronic low back pain affects up to 37% of adults and is a multibillion dollar health care expenditure. Spinal cord simulation (SCS) has been established as an effective treatment alternative for chronic neuropathic low back and leg pain, especially for patients with failed back surgery syndrome or chronic regional pain syndrome. The field of SCS has rapidly advanced such that analgesia can now be achieved through numerous different waveforms, each claiming to offer improved outcomes. These waveforms include traditional paresthesia-based SCS (
- Published
- 2019
13. Delayed hardware complication after lateral retroperitoneal lumbar surgery: an unusual case of painless hematuria
- Author
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Kevin D. He, Jeffery Head, George N. Rymarczuk, and James S. Harrop
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musculoskeletal diseases ,Adult ,Male ,Decompression ,Arthrodesis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Postoperative Complications ,Lumbar surgery ,medicine ,Humans ,Retroperitoneal Space ,Left kidney ,Hematuria ,030222 orthopedics ,Unusual case ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,business.industry ,Lumbosacral Region ,General Medicine ,musculoskeletal system ,Decompression, Surgical ,Vertebra ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spinal Fusion ,Painless hematuria ,Complication ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Computer hardware - Abstract
Lateral approaches to the spine are becoming increasingly popular methods for decompression, restoration of alignment, and arthrodesis. Although individual cases of intraoperative injuries to the renal vasculature and the ureters have been documented as rare complications of lateral approaches to the spine, the authors report the first known case of postoperative renal injury due to the delayed extrusion of the screw of a lateral plate/screw construct directly into the renal parenchyma. The migration of the screw from the L1 vertebra into the superior pole of the left kidney occurred nearly 5 years after the index procedure, and presented as painless hematuria. A traditional left-sided retroperitoneal approach had been used at the time of the initial surgery, and the same exposure was used to remove the hardware, which was done in conjunction with general surgery and urology.
- Published
- 2017
14. In toto imaging of the migrating Zebrafish lateral line primordium at single cell resolution
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Jeffery Head, Ajay B. Chitnis, Katherine Somers, Tatjana Piotrowski, Masataka Nikaido, and Damian Dalle Nogare
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0301 basic medicine ,Cell type ,Lateral line ,Cell ,Population ,Morphogenesis ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Movement ,medicine ,Animals ,Primordium ,education ,Molecular Biology ,Zebrafish ,education.field_of_study ,Cell Cycle ,Cell migration ,Cell Biology ,Anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Lateral Line System ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cell Division ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
The zebrafish Posterior Lateral Line primordium (PLLp) has emerged as an important model system for studying many aspects of development, including cell migration, cell type specification and tissue morphogenesis. Despite this, basic aspects of PLLp biology remain incompletely understood. The PLLp is a group of approximately 140 cells which pioneers the formation of the Posterior Lateral Line (LL) system by migrating along the length of the embryo, periodically depositing clusters of epithelial cells, which will go on to form the mature sense organs of the lateral line, called neuromasts. The neuromasts are formed within the migrating PLLp as protoneuromasts: the first protoneuromast is formed close to the trailing end and additional protoneuromasts are formed sequentially, progressively closer to the leading edge of the migrating collective. We imaged the migration of PLL primordia and tracked every cell in the lateral line system over the course of migration. From this data set we unambiguously determined the lineage and fate of every cell deposited by the migrating PLLp. We show that, on average, proliferation across the entire PLLp is weakly patterned, with leading cells tending to divide more slowly than trailing cells. Neuromasts are formed sequentially by local expansion of existing cells along the length of the PLLp, not by self-renewing stem cell-like divisions of a restricted leading population that is highly proliferative. The fate of deposited cells, either within neuromasts or as interneuromast cells (in between deposited neuromasts) is not determined by any obvious stereotyped lineages. Instead, it is determined somewhat stochasitcailly, as a function of a cells distance from the center of a maturing protoneuromast. Together, our data provide a rigorous baseline for the behavior of the PLLp, which can be used to inform further study of this important model system.
- Published
- 2016
15. Instant super-resolution imaging in live cells and embryos via analog image processing
- Author
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Panagiotis Chandris, Damian Dalle Nogare, Ajay B. Chitnis, Jeffery Head, Andrew York, Robert S. Fischer, Peter Wawrzusin, and Hari Shroff
- Subjects
Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy ,Microscope ,Materials science ,Super-resolution microscopy ,business.industry ,Image processing ,Cell Biology ,Analog image processing ,Embryo, Mammalian ,Biochemistry ,Article ,law.invention ,Data acquisition ,Optics ,Microscopy, Fluorescence ,law ,Light sheet fluorescence microscopy ,Microscopy ,Animals ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Existing super-resolution fluorescence microscopes compromise acquisition speed to provide subdiffractive sample information. We report an analog implementation of structured illumination microscopy that enables three-dimensional (3D) super-resolution imaging with a lateral resolution of 145 nm and an axial resolution of 350 nm at acquisition speeds up to 100 Hz. By using optical instead of digital image-processing operations, we removed the need to capture, store and combine multiple camera exposures, increasing data acquisition rates 10- to 100-fold over other super-resolution microscopes and acquiring and displaying super-resolution images in real time. Low excitation intensities allow imaging over hundreds of 2D sections, and combined physical and computational sectioning allow similar depth penetration to spinning-disk confocal microscopy. We demonstrate the capability of our system by imaging fine, rapidly moving structures including motor-driven organelles in human lung fibroblasts and the cytoskeleton of flowing blood cells within developing zebrafish embryos.
- Published
- 2013
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