Search

This paper addresses how crimes of genocide go beyond a need for naked power, economic aggrandizement, or territorial conquest. Such crimes involve psychogenic and psychodynamic underpinnings that can be terrifying to contemplate. Yet their psychological study is essential. The Armenian genocide has been taken as a point of reference. Because the Armenian genocide has resulted in nearly a century-long effort of perpetrator denial, it can provide an important case study of how long-standing trauma and denial reinforce each other and illuminate each other. As a result, this genocide has aptly been called the “secret genocide,” the “unremembered genocide,” and a “crime without a name.” The author holds that genocidal trauma (and trauma in general) is contagious and the contagion is likely to be insidious. All who come in contact with it can come away marked, including victim, victim families and progeny, observers, advocates, researchers, and yes, perpetrators.

This study investigated the construct validity of a measure of Karen Horney’s (1945) psychoanalytic theory that postulated three neurotic trends: compliant, aggressive, and detached. Her theory was operationalized by the Horney-Coolidge Type Indicator (HCTI). One hundred seventy-two adults completed the HCTI and the short form of the Coolidge Axis II Inventory, a measure of the three DSM-IV personality disorder clusters. Multiple regression and canonical correlation analyses revealed significant and differential patterns of the three HCTI dimensions with the three clusters. Because Paris (1994) has noted that Horney’s neurotic trends may today be conceived of as personality disorders, one implication of the present findings is that Horney’s dynamic theory can be valid and useful in the general understanding of personality disorders from a cluster perspective. This study investigated the construct validity of a new measure of Karen Horney’s (1945) psychoanalytic theory. Horney proposed that people would defend against a basic anxiety (loss or separation from their mothers and helplessness in a hostile world) by various combinations of three strategies: moving towards other people (Compliant Trend), against other people (Aggressive Trend), and/or away from other people (Detached Trend). Horney saw the role of predetermined triangular conflicts, that is, Oedipal conflicts as secondary to child-mother or child-parent dyadic failure in the psychogenesis of character disturbances. She further postulated that healthy adults might operate freely and flexibly along all three dimensions, while ‘‘neurotic adults’’ may become crystallized or fixated along a single dimension. It has been suggested that her term ‘‘neurosis’’

L'auteur propose une strategie pour trouver des criteres systematiques et non biaises, a partir desquels on puisse estimer l'exactitude des jugements portes sur les personnes. Parce qu'elle augmente le controle experimental des stimuli a juger, cette technique permet d'eviter quelques-unes des difficultes methodo-logiques inherentes aux mesures traditionnelles de l'exactitude des jugements interpersonnels: 1) l'ensemble des contenus a juger est un echantillon representatif d'un domaine plus large, ce qui permet de generaliser a cet univers et d'etendre la “validite interne” (construct validity) aux mesures d'exactitude impliquees; 2) on peut utiliser des categories qui ne sont pas de type judicatoire, ce qui sup-prime une serie de deformations inherentes aux jugements; 3) on peut differencier les entrees, ce qui fournit un large eventail d'attributs intra-individuels, necessaires pour l'etude de l'interaction personnalite-perception.

Since Guetzkow's pioneering work in the simulation of international relations (Guetzkow et al., 1963), attempts have been made to apply the strategy of simulation to other areas of (research) interest to the social scientist. A particular application has been found in the study of cross-cultural communication (Fiedler, Stolurow, and Triandis, 1965; Haines, 1964), an area long beset with methodological pitfalls and research hazards and relatively deemphasized in the Guetzkow inter-nation simulation (in favor of more manageable roles reflecting such dimensions as power, decision-making, and organizational restraints). The strategy of applying a quasi-experimental device like simulation to this rich but for the most part experimentally untouched field of crosscultural communication seems especially appropriate because of the technique's specific discovery potential and heuristic value (Snyder, 1963). The approach to cross-cultural communication by Fiedler and his associates at Illi

The negative therapeutic reaction can be used as a lens illuminating issues of psychoanalytic technique and therapeutic change. Its paradoxical development is examined within the context of current controversies involving the concepts of borderline personality organization and empathy. Negative therapeutic reactions are seen to reflect, among other failings, the failure of theory to "contain" dialectical tensions between self and other, subject and object, health and illness. Greater theoretical sophistication can point the way toward vigorous and more hopeful therapeutic engagement of these challenging reactions.

Components of judging accuracy in person perception were derived from paper-and-pencil measures, and the statistical origin and interpretation of each component discussed. To develop their psychological meaning, the components were related to laboratory measures of perceptual style (Ames Leaf Room and Witkin's Rod-and-Frame Test) and to selected personality variables. For 105 Brooklyn College summer students no relationship was found between the components and perceptual style but several low significant ( p ≤ .05) correlations were found with the personality measures. The broad attempt to establish external criteria by which to evaluate the components was judged only partly successful. However, some substantive issues present in the literature were illustrated by data and methodological problems of scoring and reliability discussed.