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1. DPYSL5 is highly expressed in treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer and promotes lineage plasticity via EZH2/PRC2

Author

Roosa Kaarijärvi, Heidi Kaljunen, Lucia Nappi, Ladan Fazli, Sonia H. Y. Kung, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Ville Paakinaho, Janne Capra, Kirsi Rilla, Marjo Malinen, Petri I. Mäkinen, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Amina Zoubeidi, Yuzhuo Wang, Martin E. Gleave, Mikko Hiltunen, and Kirsi Ketola

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is a lethal subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer resistant to androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors. Our study unveils that AR suppresses the neuronal development protein dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 5 (DPYSL5), providing a mechanism for neuroendocrine transformation under androgen deprivation therapy. Our unique CRPC-NEPC cohort, comprising 135 patient tumor samples, including 55 t-NEPC patient samples, exhibits a high expression of DPYSL5 in t-NEPC patient tumors. DPYSL5 correlates with neuroendocrine-related markers and inversely with AR and PSA. DPYSL5 overexpression in prostate cancer cells induces a neuron-like phenotype, enhances invasion, proliferation, and upregulates stemness and neuroendocrine-related markers. Mechanistically, DPYSL5 promotes prostate cancer cell plasticity via EZH2-mediated PRC2 activation. Depletion of DPYSL5 decreases proliferation, induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest, reverses neuroendocrine phenotype, and upregulates luminal genes. In conclusion, DPYSL5 plays a critical role in regulating prostate cancer cell plasticity, and we propose the AR/DPYSL5/EZH2/PRC2 axis as a driver of t-NEPC progression.

Published
2024
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2. Association of the CHEK2 c.1100delC variant, radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with contralateral breast cancer risk and breast cancer‐specific survival

Author

Anna Morra, Maartje A. C. Schreurs, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton‐Culver, Annelie Augustinsson, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sabine Behrens, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Hiltrud Brauch, Annegien Broeks, Saundra S. Buys, Nicola J. Camp, Jose E. Castelao, Melissa H. Cessna, Jenny Chang‐Claude, Wendy K. Chung, NBCS Collaborators, Sarah V. Colonna, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Joe Dennis, Peter Devilee, Thilo Dörk, Alison M. Dunning, Miriam Dwek, Douglas F. Easton, Diana M. Eccles, Mikael Eriksson, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Tanja N. Fehm, Jonine D. Figueroa, Henrik Flyger, Marike Gabrielson, Manuela Gago‐Dominguez, Montserrat García‐Closas, José A. García‐Sáenz, Jeanine Genkinger, Felix Grassmann, Melanie Gündert, Eric Hahnen, Christopher A. Haiman, Ute Hamann, Patricia A. Harrington, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Reiner Hoppe, John L. Hopper, Richard S. Houlston, Anthony Howell, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Anna Jakubowska, Wolfgang Janni, Helena Jernström, Esther M. John, Nichola Johnson, Michael E. Jones, Vessela N. Kristensen, Allison W. Kurian, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Annika Lindblom, Jan Lubiński, Michael P. Lux, Arto Mannermaa, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Anna Marie Mulligan, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Ines Nevelsteen, Patrick Neven, William G. Newman, Nadia Obi, Kenneth Offit, Andrew F. Olshan, Tjoung‐Won Park‐Simon, Alpa V. Patel, Paolo Peterlongo, Kelly‐Anne Phillips, Dijana Plaseska‐Karanfilska, Eric C. Polley, Nadege Presneau, Katri Pylkäs, Brigitte Rack, Paolo Radice, Muhammad U. Rashid, Valerie Rhenius, Mark Robson, Atocha Romero, Emmanouil Saloustros, Elinor J. Sawyer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Sabine Schuetze, Christopher Scott, Mitul Shah, Snezhana Smichkoska, Melissa C. Southey, William J. Tapper, Lauren R. Teras, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Katarzyna Tomczyk, Ian Tomlinson, Melissa A. Troester, Celine M. Vachon, Elke M. vanVeen, Qin Wang, Camilla Wendt, Hans Wildiers, Robert Winqvist, Argyrios Ziogas, Per Hall, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Muriel A. Adank, Antoinette Hollestelle, Marjanka K. Schmidt, and Maartje J. Hooning

Subjects
CHEK2 c.1100delC germline genetic variant, contralateral breast cancer risk, radiotherapy, survival, systemic treatment, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BC) patients with a germline CHEK2 c.1100delC variant have an increased risk of contralateral BC (CBC) and worse BC‐specific survival (BCSS) compared to non‐carriers. Aim To assessed the associations of CHEK2 c.1100delC, radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with CBC risk and BCSS. Methods Analyses were based on 82,701 women diagnosed with a first primary invasive BC including 963 CHEK2 c.1100delC carriers; median follow‐up was 9.1 years. Differential associations with treatment by CHEK2 c.1100delC status were tested by including interaction terms in a multivariable Cox regression model. A multi‐state model was used for further insight into the relation between CHEK2 c.1100delC status, treatment, CBC risk and death. Results There was no evidence for differential associations of therapy with CBC risk by CHEK2 c.1100delC status. The strongest association with reduced CBC risk was observed for the combination of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy [HR (95% CI): 0.66 (0.55–0.78)]. No association was observed with radiotherapy. Results from the multi‐state model showed shorter BCSS for CHEK2 c.1100delC carriers versus non‐carriers also after accounting for CBC occurrence [HR (95% CI): 1.30 (1.09–1.56)]. Conclusion Systemic therapy was associated with reduced CBC risk irrespective of CHEK2 c.1100delC status. Moreover, CHEK2 c.1100delC carriers had shorter BCSS, which appears not to be fully explained by their CBC risk.

Published
2023
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3. Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry

Author

Stefanie H. Mueller, Alvina G. Lai, Maria Valkovskaya, Kyriaki Michailidou, Manjeet K. Bolla, Qin Wang, Joe Dennis, Michael Lush, Zomoruda Abu-Ful, Thomas U. Ahearn, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Volker Arndt, Kristan J. Aronson, Annelie Augustinsson, Thais Baert, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sabine Behrens, Javier Benitez, Marina Bermisheva, Carl Blomqvist, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Stig E. Bojesen, Bernardo Bonanni, Hermann Brenner, Sara Y. Brucker, Saundra S. Buys, Jose E. Castelao, Tsun L. Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Ji-Yeob Choi, Wendy K. Chung, NBCS Collaborators, Sarah V. Colonna, CTS Consortium, Sten Cornelissen, Fergus J. Couch, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Peter Devilee, Thilo Dörk, Laure Dossus, Miriam Dwek, Diana M. Eccles, Arif B. Ekici, A. Heather Eliassen, Christoph Engel, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Olivia Fletcher, Henrik Flyger, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Yu-Tang Gao, Montserrat García-Closas, José A. García-Sáenz, Jeanine Genkinger, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Felix Grassmann, Pascal Guénel, Melanie Gündert, Lothar Haeberle, Eric Hahnen, Christopher A. Haiman, Niclas Håkansson, Per Hall, Elaine F. Harkness, Patricia A. Harrington, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Mikael Hartman, Alexander Hein, Weang-Kee Ho, Maartje J. Hooning, Reiner Hoppe, John L. Hopper, Richard S. Houlston, Anthony Howell, David J. Hunter, Dezheng Huo, ABCTB Investigators, Hidemi Ito, Motoki Iwasaki, Anna Jakubowska, Wolfgang Janni, Esther M. John, Michael E. Jones, Audrey Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Daehee Kang, Elza K. Khusnutdinova, Sung-Won Kim, Cari M. Kitahara, Stella Koutros, Peter Kraft, Vessela N. Kristensen, Katerina Kubelka-Sabit, Allison W. Kurian, Ava Kwong, James V. Lacey, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Jingmei Li, Martha Linet, Wing-Yee Lo, Jirong Long, Artitaya Lophatananon, Arto Mannermaa, Mehdi Manoochehri, Sara Margolin, Keitaro Matsuo, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Usha Menon, Kenneth Muir, Rachel A. Murphy, Heli Nevanlinna, William G. Newman, Dieter Niederacher, Katie M. O’Brien, Nadia Obi, Kenneth Offit, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Andrew F. Olshan, Håkan Olsson, Sue K. Park, Alpa V. Patel, Achal Patel, Charles M. Perou, Julian Peto, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Nadege Presneau, Brigitte Rack, Paolo Radice, Dhanya Ramachandran, Muhammad U. Rashid, Gad Rennert, Atocha Romero, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Matthias Ruebner, Emmanouil Saloustros, Dale P. Sandler, Elinor J. Sawyer, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Rita K. Schmutzler, Michael O. Schneider, Christopher Scott, Mitul Shah, Priyanka Sharma, Chen-Yang Shen, Xiao-Ou Shu, Jacques Simard, Harald Surowy, Rulla M. Tamimi, William J. Tapper, Jack A. Taylor, Soo Hwang Teo, Lauren R. Teras, Amanda E. Toland, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Diana Torres, Gabriela Torres-Mejía, Melissa A. Troester, Thérèse Truong, Celine M. Vachon, Joseph Vijai, Clarice R. Weinberg, Camilla Wendt, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Anna H. Wu, Taiki Yamaji, Xiaohong R. Yang, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Wei Zheng, Argyrios Ziogas, Elad Ziv, Alison M. Dunning, Douglas F. Easton, Harry Hemingway, Ute Hamann, and Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker

Subjects
Breast cancer susceptibility, Diverse ancestry, Rare variants, Gene regulation, Genome-wide association study, Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Low-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes. Methods We evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes’ coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry. Results In European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q

Published
2023
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4. Expression profiles of small non-coding RNAs in breast cancer tumors characterize clinicopathological features and show prognostic and predictive potential

Author

Emmi Kärkkäinen, Sami Heikkinen, Maria Tengström, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Precision medicine approaches are required for more effective therapies for cancer. As small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have recently been suggested as intriguing candidates for cancer biomarkers and have shown potential also as novel therapeutic targets, we aimed at profiling the non-miRNA sncRNAs in a large sample set to evaluate their role in invasive breast cancer (BC). We used small RNA sequencing and 195 fresh-frozen invasive BC and 22 benign breast tissue samples to identify significant associations of small nucleolar RNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and miscellaneous RNAs with the clinicopathological features and patient outcome of BC. Ninety-six and five sncRNAs significantly distinguished (Padj

Published
2022
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5. Germline variants and breast cancer survival in patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis

Author

Maria Escala-Garcia, Sander Canisius, Renske Keeman, Jonathan Beesley, Hoda Anton-Culver, Volker Arndt, Annelie Augustinsson, Heiko Becher, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sabine Behrens, Marina Bermisheva, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Hermann Brenner, Federico Canzian, Jose E. Castelao, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Fergus J. Couch, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Joe Dennis, Peter Devilee, Thilo Dörk, Alison M. Dunning, Douglas F. Easton, Arif B. Ekici, A. Heather Eliassen, Peter A. Fasching, Henrik Flyger, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Montserrat García-Closas, José A. García-Sáenz, Jürgen Geisler, Graham G. Giles, Mervi Grip, Melanie Gündert, Eric Hahnen, Christopher A. Haiman, Niclas Håkansson, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Antoinette Hollestelle, Reiner Hoppe, John L. Hopper, David J. Hunter, William Jacot, Anna Jakubowska, Esther M. John, Audrey Y. Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Elza Khusnutdinova, Linetta B. Koppert, Peter Kraft, Vessela N. Kristensen, Allison W. Kurian, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Annika Lindblom, Robert N. Luben, Jan Lubiński, Arto Mannermaa, Mehdi Manoochehri, Sara Margolin, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Andrew F. Olshan, Håkan Olsson, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Alpa V. Patel, Paolo Peterlongo, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Kevin Punie, Paolo Radice, Gad Rennert, Hedy S. Rennert, Atocha Romero, Rebecca Roylance, Thomas Rüdiger, Matthias Ruebner, Emmanouil Saloustros, Elinor J. Sawyer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Christopher Scott, Melissa C. Southey, Harald Surowy, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Rulla M. Tamimi, Lauren R. Teras, Emilie Thomas, Ian Tomlinson, Melissa A. Troester, Celine M. Vachon, Qin Wang, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Argyrios Ziogas, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, Kyriaki Michailidou, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Thomas Bachelot, and Marjanka K. Schmidt

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Breast cancer metastasis accounts for most of the deaths from breast cancer. Identification of germline variants associated with survival in aggressive types of breast cancer may inform understanding of breast cancer progression and assist treatment. In this analysis, we studied the associations between germline variants and breast cancer survival for patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis. We used data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) including 1062 women of European ancestry with metastatic breast cancer, 606 of whom died of breast cancer. We identified two germline variants on chromosome 1, rs138569520 and rs146023652, significantly associated with breast cancer-specific survival (P = 3.19 × 10−8 and 4.42 × 10−8). In silico analysis suggested a potential regulatory effect of the variants on the nearby target genes SDE2 and H3F3A. However, the variants showed no evidence of association in a smaller replication dataset. The validation dataset was obtained from the SNPs to Risk of Metastasis (StoRM) study and included 293 patients with metastatic primary breast cancer at diagnosis. Ultimately, larger replication studies are needed to confirm the identified associations.

Published
2021
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6. Association of germline genetic variants with breast cancer-specific survival in patient subgroups defined by clinic-pathological variables related to tumor biology and type of systemic treatment

Author

Anna Morra, Maria Escala-Garcia, Jonathan Beesley, Renske Keeman, Sander Canisius, Thomas U. Ahearn, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Volker Arndt, Paul L. Auer, Annelie Augustinsson, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Heiko Becher, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sabine Behrens, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Hermann Brenner, Thomas Brüning, Saundra S. Buys, Bette Caan, Daniele Campa, Federico Canzian, Jose E. Castelao, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Ting-Yuan David Cheng, Christine L. Clarke, NBCS Collaborators, Sarah V. Colonna, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Joe Dennis, Thilo Dörk, Laure Dossus, Alison M. Dunning, Miriam Dwek, Diana M. Eccles, Arif B. Ekici, A. Heather Eliassen, Mikael Eriksson, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Henrik Flyger, Lin Fritschi, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, José A. García-Sáenz, Graham G. Giles, Mervi Grip, Pascal Guénel, Melanie Gündert, Eric Hahnen, Christopher A. Haiman, Niclas Håkansson, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Steven N. Hart, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Arndt Hartmann, Wei He, Maartje J. Hooning, Reiner Hoppe, John L. Hopper, Anthony Howell, David J. Hunter, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Agnes Jager, Anna Jakubowska, Wolfgang Janni, Esther M. John, Audrey Y. Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Machteld Keupers, Cari M. Kitahara, Stella Koutros, Peter Kraft, Vessela N. Kristensen, Allison W. Kurian, James V. Lacey, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Annika Lindblom, Martha Linet, Robert N. Luben, Jan Lubiński, Michael Lush, Arto Mannermaa, Mehdi Manoochehri, Sara Margolin, John W. M. Martens, Maria Elena Martinez, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Kyriaki Michailidou, Roger L. Milne, Anna Marie Mulligan, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, William G. Newman, Sune F. Nielsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Andrew F. Olshan, Håkan Olsson, Nick Orr, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Alpa V. Patel, Bernard Peissel, Paolo Peterlongo, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Karolina Prajzendanc, Ross Prentice, Nadege Presneau, Brigitte Rack, Gad Rennert, Hedy S. Rennert, Valerie Rhenius, Atocha Romero, Rebecca Roylance, Matthias Ruebner, Emmanouil Saloustros, Elinor J. Sawyer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Andreas Schneeweiss, Christopher Scott, Mitul Shah, Snezhana Smichkoska, Melissa C. Southey, Jennifer Stone, Harald Surowy, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Rulla M. Tamimi, William J. Tapper, Lauren R. Teras, Mary Beth Terry, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Ian Tomlinson, Melissa A. Troester, Thérèse Truong, Celine M. Vachon, Qin Wang, Amber N. Hurson, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Argyrios Ziogas, Hiltrud Brauch, Montserrat García-Closas, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Douglas F. Easton, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, and Marjanka K. Schmidt

Subjects
Common germline genetic variants, Breast cancer-specific survival, Patient subgroups, Tumor biology, Systemic treatment, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Given the high heterogeneity among breast tumors, associations between common germline genetic variants and survival that may exist within specific subgroups could go undetected in an unstratified set of breast cancer patients. Methods We performed genome-wide association analyses within 15 subgroups of breast cancer patients based on prognostic factors, including hormone receptors, tumor grade, age, and type of systemic treatment. Analyses were based on 91,686 female patients of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, including 7531 breast cancer-specific deaths over a median follow-up of 8.1 years. Cox regression was used to assess associations of common germline variants with 15-year and 5-year breast cancer-specific survival. We assessed the probability of these associations being true positives via the Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP

Published
2021
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7. The debatable presence of PIWI‐interacting RNAs in invasive breast cancer

Author

Emmi Kärkkäinen, Sami Heikkinen, Maria Tengström, Veli‐Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Subjects
biomarkers, breast cancer, next generation sequencing, non‐coding RNAs, prognostic factor, transcriptomics, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Numerous factors influence breast cancer (BC) prognosis, thus complicating the prediction of outcome. By identifying biomarkers that would distinguish the cases with poorer response to therapy already at the time of diagnosis, the rate of survival could be improved. Lately, Piwi‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been introduced as potential cancer biomarkers, however, due to the recently raised challenges in piRNA annotations, further evaluation of piRNAs’ involvement in cancer is required. We performed small RNA sequencing in 227 fresh‐frozen breast tissue samples from the Eastern Finnish Kuopio Breast Cancer Project material to study the presence of piRNAs in BC and their associations with the clinicopathological features and outcome of BC patients. We observed the presence of three small RNAs annotated as piRNA database entries (DQ596932, DQ570994, and DQ571955) in our samples. The actual species of these RNAs however remain uncertain. All three small RNAs were upregulated in grade III tumors and DQ596932 additionally in estrogen receptor negative tumors. Furthermore, patients with estrogen receptor positive BC and higher DQ571955 had shorter relapse‐free survival and poorer BC‐specific survival, thus indicating DQ571955 as a candidate predictive marker for radiotherapy response in estrogen receptor positive BC. DQ596932 showed possible prognostic value in BC, whereas DQ570994 was identified as a candidate predictive marker for tamoxifen and chemotherapy response. These three small RNAs appear as candidate biomarkers for BC, which could after further investigation provide novel approaches for the treatment of therapy resistant BC. Overall, our results indicate that the prevalence of piRNAs in cancer is most likely not as comprehensive as has been previously thought.

Published
2021
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8. MCF10CA Breast Cancer Cells Utilize Hyaluronan-Coated EV-Rich Trails for Coordinated Migration

Author

Niina Aaltonen, Heikki Kyykallio, Sylvain Tollis, Janne Capra, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Johanna Matilainen, Sanna Oikari, and Kirsi Rilla

Subjects
hyaluronan, breast cancer, extracellular vesicle (EV), migration, filopodia, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Invasion of tumor cells through the stroma is coordinated in response to migratory cues provided by the extracellular environment. One of the most abundant molecules in the tumor microenvironment is hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan known to promote many hallmarks of tumor progression, including the migratory potential of tumor cells. Strikingly, hyaluronan is also often found to coat extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from plasma membrane tentacles of tumor cells crucial for migration, such as filopodia, and are abundant in tumor niches. Thus, it is possible that hyaluronan and hyaluronan-coated EVs have a cooperative role in promoting migration. In this work, we compared the hyaluronan synthesis, EV secretion and migratory behavior of normal and aggressive breast cell lines from MCF10 series. Single live cell confocal imaging, electron microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy experiments revealed that migrating tumor cells form EV-rich and hyaluronan -coated trails. These trails promote the pathfinding behavior of follower cells, which is dependent on hyaluronan. Specifically, we demonstrated that plasma membrane protrusions and EVs left behind by tumor cells during migration are strongly positive for CD9. Single cell tracking demonstrated a leader-follower behavior, which was significantly decreased upon removal of pericellular hyaluronan, indicating that hyaluronan promotes the pathfinding behavior of follower cells. Chick chorioallantoic membrane assays in ovo suggest that tumor cells behave similarly in 3D conditions. This study strengthens the important role of extracellular matrix production and architecture in coordinated tumor cell movements and validates the role of EVs as important components and regulators of tumor matrix. The results suggest that tumor cells can modify the extracellular niche by forming trails, which they subsequently follow coordinatively. Future studies will clarify in more detail the orchestrated role of hyaluronan, EVs and other extracellular cues in coordinated migration and pathfinding behavior of follower cells.

Published
2022
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9. High mutation burden of circulating cell‐free DNA in early‐stage breast cancer patients is associated with a poor relapse‐free survival

Author

Jouni Kujala, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Maria Tengström, Reijo Sironen, Veli‐Matti Kosma, and Arto Mannermaa

Subjects
biomarker, liquid biopsy, prognosis, recurrence, serum, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background High tumor mutation burden is shown to be associated with a poor clinical outcome. As the tumor‐derived fraction of circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) is shown to reflect the genetic spectrum of the tumor, we examined whether the mutation burden of cfDNA could be used to predict the clinical outcomes of early‐stage breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods We selected a set of 79 Finnish early‐stage BC cases with a good prognosis based on traditional prognostic parameters but some of which still developed relapsed disease during follow‐up. cfDNA was isolated from the serum collected at the time of diagnosis, sequenced, and compared to matched primary tumors, clinical parameters, and survival data. Results High cfDNA mutation burden was associated with the poor relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = .016, HR = 2.23, 95% Cl 1.16‐4.27) when patients were divided into high and low mutation burden according to the median number of somatic variants. A high discordance was observed between the matched tumor and cfDNA samples, thus highlighting the challenges related to the liquid biopsy of early‐stage cancer cases. Despite the low number of detected tumor‐specific variants, the presence of tumor‐specific somatic variants in the cfDNA was associated with the poor RFS (P = .009, HR = 2.31, 95% Cl 1.23‐4.31). Conclusions Our results confirm previously observed challenges about the accuracy of liquid biopsy‐based genotyping of early‐stage cancers and support the parallel sequencing of tumor and cfDNA while also demonstrating how the presence of tumor‐specific somatic variants and the high mutation burden in the cfDNA are both associated with the poor RFS, thus indicating the prognostic potential of liquid biopsy in the context of early‐stage cancers.

Published
2020
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10. Case-control analysis of truncating mutations in DNA damage response genes connects TEX15 and FANCD2 with hereditary breast cancer susceptibility

Author

Tuomo Mantere, Anna Tervasmäki, Anna Nurmi, Katrin Rapakko, Saila Kauppila, Jiangbo Tang, Johanna Schleutker, Anne Kallioniemi, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Arto Mannermaa, Pentti Nieminen, Riitta Hanhisalo, Sini Lehto, Maija Suvanto, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Maria Tengström, Päivi Auvinen, Anders Kvist, Åke Borg, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Roger A. Greenberg, Robert Winqvist, Heli Nevanlinna, and Katri Pylkäs

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Several known breast cancer susceptibility genes encode proteins involved in DNA damage response (DDR) and are characterized by rare loss-of-function mutations. However, these explain less than half of the familial cases. To identify novel susceptibility factors, 39 rare truncating mutations, identified in 189 Northern Finnish hereditary breast cancer patients in parallel sequencing of 796 DDR genes, were studied for disease association. Mutation screening was performed for Northern Finnish breast cancer cases (n = 578–1565) and controls (n = 337–1228). Mutations showing potential cancer association were analyzed in additional Finnish cohorts. c.7253dupT in TEX15, encoding a DDR factor important in meiosis, associated with hereditary breast cancer (p = 0.018) and likely represents a Northern Finnish founder mutation. A deleterious c.2715 + 1G > A mutation in the Fanconi anemia gene, FANCD2, was over two times more common in the combined Finnish hereditary cohort compared to controls. A deletion (c.640_644del5) in RNF168, causative for recessive RIDDLE syndrome, had high prevalence in majority of the analyzed cohorts, but did not associate with breast cancer. In conclusion, truncating variants in TEX15 and FANCD2 are potential breast cancer risk factors, warranting further investigations in other populations. Furthermore, high frequency of RNF168 c.640_644del5 indicates the need for its testing in Finnish patients with RIDDLE syndrome symptoms.

Published
2017
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11. CD44s Assembles Hyaluronan Coat on Filopodia and Extracellular Vesicles and Induces Tumorigenicity of MKN74 Gastric Carcinoma Cells

Author

Kai Härkönen, Sanna Oikari, Heikki Kyykallio, Janne Capra, Sini Hakkola, Kirsi Ketola, Uma Thanigai Arasu, George Daaboul, Andrew Malloy, Carla Oliveira, Otto Jokelainen, Reijo Sironen, Jaana M. Hartikainen, and Kirsi Rilla

Subjects
CD44, hyaluronan, extracellular vesicle, gastric cancer, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

CD44 is a multifunctional adhesion molecule typically upregulated in malignant, inflamed and injured tissues. Due to its ability to bind multiple ligands present in the tumor microenvironment, it promotes multiple cellular functions related to tumorigenesis. Recent data has shown that CD44 and its principal ligand hyaluronan (HA) are carried by extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from stem and tumor cells, but the role of CD44 in EV shedding has not been studied so far. To answer this question, we utilized CD44-negative human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN74 manipulated to stably express CD44 standard form (CD44s). The effect of CD44s expression on HA metabolism, EV secretion, morphology and growth of these cells was studied. Interestingly, HAS2 and HYAL2 expression levels were significantly upregulated in CD44s-expressing cells. Cell-associated HA levels were significantly increased, while HA levels in the culture medium of CD44s-positive cells was lower compared to CD44s-negative MOCK cells. CD44s expression had no significant effect on the proliferation capacity of cells, but cells showed diminished contact inhibition. Superresolution imaging revealed that CD44s and HA were accumulated on filopodia and EVs secreted from CD44s-positive cells, but no differences in total numbers of secreted EV between CD44s-negative and -positive cells was detected. In 3D cultures, CD44s-expressing cells had an enhanced invasion capacity in BME gel and increased spheroidal growth when cultured in collagen I gel. No significant differences in mitotic activity, tumor size or morphology were detected in CAM assays. However, a significant increase in HA staining coverage was detected in CD44s-positive tumors. Interestingly, CD44s-positive EVs embedded in HA-rich matrix were detected in the stromal areas of tumors. The results indicate that CD44s expression significantly increases the HA binding capacity of gastric cancer cells, while the secreted HA is downregulated. CD44s is also carried by EVs secreted by CD44s-expressing cells. These findings highlight the potential usefulness of CD44s and its ligands as multipurpose EV biomarkers, because they are upregulated in inflammatory, injured, and cancer cells and accumulate on the surface of EVs secreted in these situations.

Published
2019
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12. Supplementary Table 2 from 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Julian Peto, Qin Wang, Manjeet Humphreys, Douglas F. Easton, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Maya Ghoussaini, Alison M. Dunning, Fiona M. Blows, Paul Pharoah, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Ian W. Brock, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, Agnes Jager, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Caroline M. Seynaeve, John W.M. Martens, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter Devilee, Nayana Weerasooriya, Anna Marie Mulligan, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Gianluca Severi, Cariona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham Giles, Janet Olson, Xianshu Wang, Celine Vachon, Fergus J. Couch, Paolo Radice, Siranoush Manoukian, Loris Bernard, Paolo Peterlongo, Sabine Behrens, Katharina Buck, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Caroline Weltens, Robert Paridaens, Ann Smeets, Diether Lambrechts, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Vesa Kataja, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Elza Khusnutdinova, Guzel Zinnatullina, Darya Prokofyeva, Marina Bermisheva, Yuriy Rogov, Natalia Antonenkova, Natalia Bogdanova, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Bremer, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Ursula Eilber, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Hiltrud Brauch, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Michael Golatta, Alfons Meindl, Anne Langheinz, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, M. Pilar Zamora, José-Ignacio Arias-Pérez, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Børge G Nordestgaard, Henrik Flyger, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E Bojesen, Claire Mulot, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Surapon Wiangnon, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir, Linda M. Braaf, Sten Cornelissen, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maryam Mahmoodi, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Olivia Fletcher, Frank Dudbridge, and Helen Warren

Abstract

PDF file, 70K, Availability of information on tumor morphology and receptor status for Europeans, by each included BCAC study.

Published
2023

13. Supplementary figures S2-S6 from KEAP1 Genetic Polymorphisms Associate with Breast Cancer Risk and Survival Outcomes

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Ylermi Soini, Veli-Matti Kosma, Katri Pylkäs, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Robert Winqvist, Maria Tengström, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Abstract

Supplementary figures S2-S6. Supplementary Figure S2: A diagram depicting the location of the studied SNPs and miR-200a binding site in KEAP1 gene. Supplementary Figure S3: Association of KEAP1 rs11085735 with breast cancer survival among the KBCP and OBCS breast cancer cases. Supplementary Figure S4: Association of KEAP1 rs11085735 with breast cancer survival among the ER positive cases. Supplementary Figure S5: Association of KEAP1 rs11085735 with breast cancer survival among KBCP cases with lower (

Published
2023

14. Supplementary Table 3 from Confirmation of 5p12 As a Susceptibility Locus for Progesterone-Receptor–Positive, Lower Grade Breast Cancer

Author

Douglas F. Easton, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Xianshu Wang, Janet E. Olson, Albina Farahtdinova, Darya Prokofieva, Marina Bermisheva, Elza Khusnutdinova, Madeleine Tilanus-Linthorst, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje Hooning, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Christina Justenhoven, Volker Harth, Ute Hamann, Jonathan Beesley, Xiaoqing Chen, Sara Lindstrom, Peter Kraft, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Dong-Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang, Katarzyna Durda, Katarzyna Jaworska, Jan Lubinski, Anna Jakubowska, Barbara Burwinkel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Karen A. Pooley, Alison M. Dunning, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Laura J. Van ‘t Veer, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nicola Miller, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor Sawyer, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Stefan Nickels, Julian Peto, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Lorna J. Gibson, Olivia Fletcher, Robert N. Hoover, Gilles D. Thomas, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Joerg Heil, Alfons Meindl, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Vesa Kataja, Arto Mannermaa, Anna Marie Mulligan, Gord Glendon, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Christa Stegmaier, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Matthias W. Beckmann, Arif B. Ekici, Christian M. Bayer, Peter A. Fasching, Yuri I. Rogov, Iosif V. Zalutsky, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Jonine D. Figueroa, Mark E. Sherman, Jolanta Lissowska, Stephen J. Chanock, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Laura Baglietto, Graham G. Giles, Monica Barile, Siranoush Manoukian, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, James McKay, Paul Brennan, Valerie Gaborieau, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Karin Leunen, Giuseppe Floris, Betül T. Yesilyurt, Diether Lambrechts, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, Gillian S. Dite, John L. Hopper, Anne-Lise Børrensen-Dale, Vessela Kristensen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Charlotte Lanng, Stig E. Bojesen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ming-Feng Hou, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Chen-Yang Shen, Nazneen Rahman, Anthony Renwick, Clare Turnbull, Sheila Seal, Simon S. Cross, Graeme Elliot, Ian W. Brock, Angela Cox, Peter Hillemanns, Johann H. Karstens, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Javier Benítez, Jose Ignacio Arias Pérez, M. Pilar Zamora, Núria Malats, Zachary Fredericksen, Rebecca Hein, Gianluca Severi, Fergus J. Couch, Montserrat García-Closas, Ellen L. Goode, and Roger L. Milne

Abstract

PDF file - 71K

Published
2023

15. Supplementary Table 2 from Confirmation of 5p12 As a Susceptibility Locus for Progesterone-Receptor–Positive, Lower Grade Breast Cancer

Author

Douglas F. Easton, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Xianshu Wang, Janet E. Olson, Albina Farahtdinova, Darya Prokofieva, Marina Bermisheva, Elza Khusnutdinova, Madeleine Tilanus-Linthorst, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje Hooning, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Christina Justenhoven, Volker Harth, Ute Hamann, Jonathan Beesley, Xiaoqing Chen, Sara Lindstrom, Peter Kraft, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Dong-Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang, Katarzyna Durda, Katarzyna Jaworska, Jan Lubinski, Anna Jakubowska, Barbara Burwinkel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Karen A. Pooley, Alison M. Dunning, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Laura J. Van ‘t Veer, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nicola Miller, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor Sawyer, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Stefan Nickels, Julian Peto, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Lorna J. Gibson, Olivia Fletcher, Robert N. Hoover, Gilles D. Thomas, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Joerg Heil, Alfons Meindl, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Vesa Kataja, Arto Mannermaa, Anna Marie Mulligan, Gord Glendon, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Christa Stegmaier, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Matthias W. Beckmann, Arif B. Ekici, Christian M. Bayer, Peter A. Fasching, Yuri I. Rogov, Iosif V. Zalutsky, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Jonine D. Figueroa, Mark E. Sherman, Jolanta Lissowska, Stephen J. Chanock, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Laura Baglietto, Graham G. Giles, Monica Barile, Siranoush Manoukian, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, James McKay, Paul Brennan, Valerie Gaborieau, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Karin Leunen, Giuseppe Floris, Betül T. Yesilyurt, Diether Lambrechts, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, Gillian S. Dite, John L. Hopper, Anne-Lise Børrensen-Dale, Vessela Kristensen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Charlotte Lanng, Stig E. Bojesen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ming-Feng Hou, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Chen-Yang Shen, Nazneen Rahman, Anthony Renwick, Clare Turnbull, Sheila Seal, Simon S. Cross, Graeme Elliot, Ian W. Brock, Angela Cox, Peter Hillemanns, Johann H. Karstens, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Javier Benítez, Jose Ignacio Arias Pérez, M. Pilar Zamora, Núria Malats, Zachary Fredericksen, Rebecca Hein, Gianluca Severi, Fergus J. Couch, Montserrat García-Closas, Ellen L. Goode, and Roger L. Milne

Abstract

PDF file - 94K

Published
2023

16. Supplementary tables S1-S10 from KEAP1 Genetic Polymorphisms Associate with Breast Cancer Risk and Survival Outcomes

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Ylermi Soini, Veli-Matti Kosma, Katri Pylkäs, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Robert Winqvist, Maria Tengström, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Abstract

Supplementary tables S1-S10. S1. Significant associations of the KEAP1 protein expression and receptor statuses; S2. Association of the KEAP1 protein expression with NRF2 protein expression; S3. Analyzed polymorphisms in the KEAP1 gene; S4. Significant associations of the KEAP1 SNP genotypes with KEAP1 protein expression; S5. Associations of the KEAP1 SNP s11085735 genotypes with NRF2 protein expression; S6. Associations of the KEAP1 SNPs with breast cancer survival in multivariate analysis among invasive KBCP and OBCS breast cancer cases separately; S7. Variables significantly associated with breast cancer survival in multivariate analysis among invasive KBCP and OBCS breast cancer cases; S8. Significant associations with breast cancer survival in univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier) according to KEAP1 SNP rs11085735 genotypes among KBCP and OBCS ER positive cases, KBCP ER positive cases and KBCP cases with low/negative ({less than or equal to}1.33) KEAP1 protein expression levelS9. Variables significantly associated with breast cancer survival in multivariate analysis among ER positive KBCP breast cancer cases; S10. Variables significantly associated with breast cancer survival in multivariate analysis among (KBCP) cases with lower KEAP1 protein expression

Published
2023

17. Data from KEAP1 Genetic Polymorphisms Associate with Breast Cancer Risk and Survival Outcomes

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Ylermi Soini, Veli-Matti Kosma, Katri Pylkäs, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Robert Winqvist, Maria Tengström, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Abstract

Purpose: Defective oxidative stress response may increase cancer susceptibility. In tumors, these rescue mechanisms may cause chemo- and radioresistance impacting patient outcome. We previously showed that genetic variation in the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NFE2L2) is associated with breast cancer risk and prognosis. Here we further studied this pathway by investigating Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1).Experimental Design: Five tagging SNPs in the KEAP1 gene were genotyped in 996 breast cancer cases and 880 controls from two Finnish case–control sets. KEAP1 protein expression was studied in 373 invasive breast cancer tumors.Results: rs34197572 genotype TT was associated with increased risk of breast cancer in the KBCP samples [P = 1.8×10−4; OR, 7.314; confidence interval (CI), 2.185–24.478]. rs11085735 allele A was associated with lower KEAP1 protein expression (P = 0.040; OR,= 3.545) and high nuclear NRF2 expression (P = 0.009; OR, 2.445) and worse survival in all invasive cases (P = 0.023; HR, 1.634). When including treatment data, rs11085735 was associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.020; HR, 1.545) and breast cancer–specific survival (P = 0.016; HR, 1.683) and rs34197572 with overall survival (P = 0.045; HR, 1.304). rs11085735 associated with RFS also among tamoxifen-treated cases (P = 0.003; HR, 3.517). Among radiotherapy-treated cases, overall survival was associated with rs34197572 (P = 0.018; HR, 1.486) and rs8113472 (P = 0.025; HR, 1.455). RFS was associated with rs9676881 (P = 0.024; HR, 1.452) and rs1048290 (P = 0.020; HR, 1.468) among all invasive cases and among estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tamoxifen-treated cases (P = 0.018; HR, 2.407 and P = 0.015; HR, 2.476, respectively).Conclusions: The present findings suggest that the investigated SNPs have effects related to oxidative stress induced by cancer treatment, supporting involvement of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in breast cancer susceptibility and patient outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1591–601. ©2015 AACR.

Published
2023

18. Data from Confirmation of 5p12 As a Susceptibility Locus for Progesterone-Receptor–Positive, Lower Grade Breast Cancer

Author

Douglas F. Easton, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Xianshu Wang, Janet E. Olson, Albina Farahtdinova, Darya Prokofieva, Marina Bermisheva, Elza Khusnutdinova, Madeleine Tilanus-Linthorst, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje Hooning, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Christina Justenhoven, Volker Harth, Ute Hamann, Jonathan Beesley, Xiaoqing Chen, Sara Lindstrom, Peter Kraft, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Dong-Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang, Katarzyna Durda, Katarzyna Jaworska, Jan Lubinski, Anna Jakubowska, Barbara Burwinkel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Karen A. Pooley, Alison M. Dunning, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Laura J. Van ‘t Veer, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nicola Miller, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor Sawyer, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Stefan Nickels, Julian Peto, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Lorna J. Gibson, Olivia Fletcher, Robert N. Hoover, Gilles D. Thomas, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Joerg Heil, Alfons Meindl, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Vesa Kataja, Arto Mannermaa, Anna Marie Mulligan, Gord Glendon, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Christa Stegmaier, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Matthias W. Beckmann, Arif B. Ekici, Christian M. Bayer, Peter A. Fasching, Yuri I. Rogov, Iosif V. Zalutsky, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Jonine D. Figueroa, Mark E. Sherman, Jolanta Lissowska, Stephen J. Chanock, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Laura Baglietto, Graham G. Giles, Monica Barile, Siranoush Manoukian, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, James McKay, Paul Brennan, Valerie Gaborieau, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Karin Leunen, Giuseppe Floris, Betül T. Yesilyurt, Diether Lambrechts, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, Gillian S. Dite, John L. Hopper, Anne-Lise Børrensen-Dale, Vessela Kristensen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Charlotte Lanng, Stig E. Bojesen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ming-Feng Hou, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Chen-Yang Shen, Nazneen Rahman, Anthony Renwick, Clare Turnbull, Sheila Seal, Simon S. Cross, Graeme Elliot, Ian W. Brock, Angela Cox, Peter Hillemanns, Johann H. Karstens, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Javier Benítez, Jose Ignacio Arias Pérez, M. Pilar Zamora, Núria Malats, Zachary Fredericksen, Rebecca Hein, Gianluca Severi, Fergus J. Couch, Montserrat García-Closas, Ellen L. Goode, and Roger L. Milne

Abstract

Background: The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 5p12-rs10941679 has been found to be associated with risk of breast cancer, particularly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease. We aimed to further explore this association overall, and by tumor histopathology, in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.Methods: Data were combined from 37 studies, including 40,972 invasive cases, 1,398 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 46,334 controls, all of white European ancestry, as well as 3,007 invasive cases and 2,337 controls of Asian ancestry. Associations overall and by tumor invasiveness and histopathology were assessed using logistic regression.Results: For white Europeans, the per-allele OR associated with 5p12-rs10941679 was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.08–1.14, P = 7 × 10−18) for invasive breast cancer and 1.10 (95% CI = 1.01–1.21, P = 0.03) for DCIS. For Asian women, the estimated OR for invasive disease was similar (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 0.99–1.15, P = 0.09). Further analyses suggested that the association in white Europeans was largely limited to progesterone receptor (PR)-positive disease (per-allele OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.12–1.20, P = 1 × 10−18 vs. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99–1.07, P = 0.2 for PR-negative disease; Pheterogeneity = 2 × 10−7); heterogeneity by ER status was not observed (P = 0.2) once PR status was accounted for. The association was also stronger for lower grade tumors [per-allele OR (95% CI) = 1.20 (1.14–1.25), 1.13 (1.09–1.16), and 1.04 (0.99–1.08) for grade 1, 2, and 3/4, respectively; Ptrend = 5 × 10−7].Conclusion: 5p12 is a breast cancer susceptibility locus for PR-positive, lower grade breast cancer.Impact: Multicenter fine-mapping studies of this region are needed as a first step to identifying the causal variant or variants. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(10); 2222–31. ©2011 AACR.

Published
2023

19. Supplementary Table Legend from 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Julian Peto, Qin Wang, Manjeet Humphreys, Douglas F. Easton, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Maya Ghoussaini, Alison M. Dunning, Fiona M. Blows, Paul Pharoah, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Ian W. Brock, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, Agnes Jager, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Caroline M. Seynaeve, John W.M. Martens, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter Devilee, Nayana Weerasooriya, Anna Marie Mulligan, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Gianluca Severi, Cariona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham Giles, Janet Olson, Xianshu Wang, Celine Vachon, Fergus J. Couch, Paolo Radice, Siranoush Manoukian, Loris Bernard, Paolo Peterlongo, Sabine Behrens, Katharina Buck, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Caroline Weltens, Robert Paridaens, Ann Smeets, Diether Lambrechts, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Vesa Kataja, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Elza Khusnutdinova, Guzel Zinnatullina, Darya Prokofyeva, Marina Bermisheva, Yuriy Rogov, Natalia Antonenkova, Natalia Bogdanova, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Bremer, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Ursula Eilber, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Hiltrud Brauch, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Michael Golatta, Alfons Meindl, Anne Langheinz, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, M. Pilar Zamora, José-Ignacio Arias-Pérez, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Børge G Nordestgaard, Henrik Flyger, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E Bojesen, Claire Mulot, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Surapon Wiangnon, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir, Linda M. Braaf, Sten Cornelissen, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maryam Mahmoodi, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Olivia Fletcher, Frank Dudbridge, and Helen Warren

Abstract

PDF file, 45K.

Published
2023

20. Supplementary Table 3 from 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Julian Peto, Qin Wang, Manjeet Humphreys, Douglas F. Easton, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Maya Ghoussaini, Alison M. Dunning, Fiona M. Blows, Paul Pharoah, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Ian W. Brock, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, Agnes Jager, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Caroline M. Seynaeve, John W.M. Martens, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter Devilee, Nayana Weerasooriya, Anna Marie Mulligan, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Gianluca Severi, Cariona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham Giles, Janet Olson, Xianshu Wang, Celine Vachon, Fergus J. Couch, Paolo Radice, Siranoush Manoukian, Loris Bernard, Paolo Peterlongo, Sabine Behrens, Katharina Buck, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Caroline Weltens, Robert Paridaens, Ann Smeets, Diether Lambrechts, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Vesa Kataja, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Elza Khusnutdinova, Guzel Zinnatullina, Darya Prokofyeva, Marina Bermisheva, Yuriy Rogov, Natalia Antonenkova, Natalia Bogdanova, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Bremer, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Ursula Eilber, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Hiltrud Brauch, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Michael Golatta, Alfons Meindl, Anne Langheinz, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, M. Pilar Zamora, José-Ignacio Arias-Pérez, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Børge G Nordestgaard, Henrik Flyger, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E Bojesen, Claire Mulot, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Surapon Wiangnon, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir, Linda M. Braaf, Sten Cornelissen, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maryam Mahmoodi, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Olivia Fletcher, Frank Dudbridge, and Helen Warren

Abstract

PDF file, 57K, Genotyping characteristics of each BCAC participating study.

Published
2023

21. Data from 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Julian Peto, Qin Wang, Manjeet Humphreys, Douglas F. Easton, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Maya Ghoussaini, Alison M. Dunning, Fiona M. Blows, Paul Pharoah, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Ian W. Brock, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, Agnes Jager, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Caroline M. Seynaeve, John W.M. Martens, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter Devilee, Nayana Weerasooriya, Anna Marie Mulligan, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Gianluca Severi, Cariona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham Giles, Janet Olson, Xianshu Wang, Celine Vachon, Fergus J. Couch, Paolo Radice, Siranoush Manoukian, Loris Bernard, Paolo Peterlongo, Sabine Behrens, Katharina Buck, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Caroline Weltens, Robert Paridaens, Ann Smeets, Diether Lambrechts, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Vesa Kataja, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Elza Khusnutdinova, Guzel Zinnatullina, Darya Prokofyeva, Marina Bermisheva, Yuriy Rogov, Natalia Antonenkova, Natalia Bogdanova, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Bremer, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Ursula Eilber, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Hiltrud Brauch, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Michael Golatta, Alfons Meindl, Anne Langheinz, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, M. Pilar Zamora, José-Ignacio Arias-Pérez, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Børge G Nordestgaard, Henrik Flyger, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E Bojesen, Claire Mulot, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Surapon Wiangnon, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir, Linda M. Braaf, Sten Cornelissen, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maryam Mahmoodi, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Olivia Fletcher, Frank Dudbridge, and Helen Warren

Abstract

Background: Our recent genome-wide association study identified a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus at 9q31.2 (rs865686).Methods: To further investigate the rs865686–breast cancer association, we conducted a replication study within the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, which comprises 37 case–control studies (48,394 cases, 50,836 controls).Results: This replication study provides additional strong evidence of an inverse association between rs865686 and breast cancer risk [study-adjusted per G-allele OR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88; 0.91, P = 2.01 × 10−29] among women of European ancestry. There were ethnic differences in the estimated minor (G)-allele frequency among controls [0.09, 0.30, and 0.38 among, respectively, Asians, Eastern Europeans, and other Europeans; P for heterogeneity (Phet) = 1.3 × 10−143], but no evidence of ethnic differences in per allele OR (Phet = 0.43). rs865686 was associated with estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) disease (per G-allele OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86–0.91; P = 3.13 × 10−22) but less strongly, if at all, with ER-negative (ER−) disease (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.94–1.02; P = 0.26; Phet = 1.16 × 10−6), with no evidence of independent heterogeneity by progesterone receptor or HER2 status. The strength of the breast cancer association decreased with increasing age at diagnosis, with case-only analysis showing a trend in the number of copies of the G allele with increasing age at diagnosis (P for linear trend = 0.0095), but only among women with ER+ tumors.Conclusions: This study is the first to show that rs865686 is a susceptibility marker for ER+ breast cancer.Impact: The findings further support the view that genetic susceptibility varies according to tumor subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(10); 1783–. ©2012 AACR.

Published
2023

23. Supplementary Table 1 from Confirmation of 5p12 As a Susceptibility Locus for Progesterone-Receptor–Positive, Lower Grade Breast Cancer

Author

Douglas F. Easton, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Xianshu Wang, Janet E. Olson, Albina Farahtdinova, Darya Prokofieva, Marina Bermisheva, Elza Khusnutdinova, Madeleine Tilanus-Linthorst, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje Hooning, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Christina Justenhoven, Volker Harth, Ute Hamann, Jonathan Beesley, Xiaoqing Chen, Sara Lindstrom, Peter Kraft, Susan E. Hankinson, David J. Hunter, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Dong-Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang, Katarzyna Durda, Katarzyna Jaworska, Jan Lubinski, Anna Jakubowska, Barbara Burwinkel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Karen A. Pooley, Alison M. Dunning, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Laura J. Van ‘t Veer, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nicola Miller, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor Sawyer, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Stefan Nickels, Julian Peto, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Lorna J. Gibson, Olivia Fletcher, Robert N. Hoover, Gilles D. Thomas, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Joerg Heil, Alfons Meindl, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Vesa Kataja, Arto Mannermaa, Anna Marie Mulligan, Gord Glendon, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Christa Stegmaier, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Matthias W. Beckmann, Arif B. Ekici, Christian M. Bayer, Peter A. Fasching, Yuri I. Rogov, Iosif V. Zalutsky, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Jonine D. Figueroa, Mark E. Sherman, Jolanta Lissowska, Stephen J. Chanock, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Laura Baglietto, Graham G. Giles, Monica Barile, Siranoush Manoukian, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, James McKay, Paul Brennan, Valerie Gaborieau, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Karin Leunen, Giuseppe Floris, Betül T. Yesilyurt, Diether Lambrechts, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, Gillian S. Dite, John L. Hopper, Anne-Lise Børrensen-Dale, Vessela Kristensen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Charlotte Lanng, Stig E. Bojesen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ming-Feng Hou, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Chen-Yang Shen, Nazneen Rahman, Anthony Renwick, Clare Turnbull, Sheila Seal, Simon S. Cross, Graeme Elliot, Ian W. Brock, Angela Cox, Peter Hillemanns, Johann H. Karstens, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Javier Benítez, Jose Ignacio Arias Pérez, M. Pilar Zamora, Núria Malats, Zachary Fredericksen, Rebecca Hein, Gianluca Severi, Fergus J. Couch, Montserrat García-Closas, Ellen L. Goode, and Roger L. Milne

Abstract

PDF file - 137K

Published
2023

24. Supplementary Table 1 from 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Julian Peto, Qin Wang, Manjeet Humphreys, Douglas F. Easton, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Maya Ghoussaini, Alison M. Dunning, Fiona M. Blows, Paul Pharoah, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Ian W. Brock, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Madeleine M.A. Tilanus-Linthorst, Agnes Jager, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Caroline M. Seynaeve, John W.M. Martens, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter Devilee, Nayana Weerasooriya, Anna Marie Mulligan, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Gianluca Severi, Cariona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham Giles, Janet Olson, Xianshu Wang, Celine Vachon, Fergus J. Couch, Paolo Radice, Siranoush Manoukian, Loris Bernard, Paolo Peterlongo, Sabine Behrens, Katharina Buck, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Caroline Weltens, Robert Paridaens, Ann Smeets, Diether Lambrechts, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Vesa Kataja, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Elza Khusnutdinova, Guzel Zinnatullina, Darya Prokofyeva, Marina Bermisheva, Yuriy Rogov, Natalia Antonenkova, Natalia Bogdanova, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Bremer, Peter Schürmann, Thilo Dörk, Ursula Eilber, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Jenny Chang-Claude, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Hiltrud Brauch, Rita K. Schmutzler, Claus R. Bartram, Michael Golatta, Alfons Meindl, Anne Langheinz, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, M. Pilar Zamora, José-Ignacio Arias-Pérez, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Børge G Nordestgaard, Henrik Flyger, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E Bojesen, Claire Mulot, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederik Marme, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Surapon Wiangnon, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth R. Muir, Linda M. Braaf, Sten Cornelissen, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maryam Mahmoodi, Melissa C. Southey, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Olivia Fletcher, Frank Dudbridge, and Helen Warren

Abstract

PDF file, 107K, Summary characteristics of the participating BCAC case-control studies.

Published
2023

29. Supplementary Tables 1-13 from 19p13.1 Is a Triple-Negative–Specific Breast Cancer Susceptibility Locus

Author

Fergus J. Couch, Douglas F. Easton, Ylermi Soini, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Arto Mannermaa, Xiaoqing Chen, Jonathan Beesley, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Marie-Rose Christiaens, Anne-Sophie Dieudonne, Sigrid Hatse, Diether Lambrechts, Monica Barile, Siranoush Manoukian, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Janet E. Olson, Susan Slager, V.S. Pankratz, Matthew L. Kosel, Gianluca Severi, Catriona A. McLean, Laura Baglietto, Graham G. Giles, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Vessela Kristensen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Alexander Miron, Esther M. John, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Katri Pylkäs, Robert Winqvist, Anna Marie Mulligan, Gord Glendon, Julia A. Knight, Irene L. Andrulis, Maartje J. Hooning, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Caroline Seynaeve, Peter Devilee, Jolanta Lissowska, Mark E. Sherman, Jonine D. Figueroa, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Diana M. Eccles, Helena Hwang, Foluso Ademuyiwa, Christine B. Ambrosone, Kamila Czene, Per Hall, Malcom W. Reed, Simon S. Cross, Angela Cox, Qin Wang, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Alison M. Dunning, Paul P. Pharoah, Hans Ulrich Ulmer, Thomas Rüdiger, Thomas Dünnebier, Ute Hamann, Chia-Ni Hsiung, Huan-Ming Hsu, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Chen-Yang Shen, Christina Clarke Dur, Leslie Bernstein, Argyrios Ziogas, Hoda Anton-Culver, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Nicholas Orr, Alan Ashworth, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Melissa C. Southey, Daniel J. Park, Carmel Apicella, John L. Hopper, Efraim H. Rosenberg, Linde M. Braaf, Annegien Broeks, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Surapon Wiangnon, Puttisak Puttawibul, Kenneth Muir, Artitaya Lophatananon, Arif B. Ekici, Arndt Hartmann, Matthias W. Beckmann, Peter A. Fasching, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Olivia Fletcher, Nichola Johnson, Julian Peto, Michael J. Kerin, Ian Tomlinson, Elinor Sawyer, Christof Sohn, Andreas Schneeweiss, Frederick Marmé, Barbara Burwinkel, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Florence Menegaux, Thérèse Truong, Pascal Guénel, Henrik Flyger, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Sune F. Nielsen, Stig E. Bojesen, José Ignacio Arias Pérez, María Pilar Zamora, Javier Benítez, Roger L. Milne, Annie Perkins, Miriam Dwek, Ruth Swann, Helen J. Gogas, George Fountzilas, Alexandra Stavropoulou, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Penelope Miron, Christa Stegmaier, Volker Arndt, Heiko Müller, Hermann Brenner, Priyanka Sharma, Harsh B. Pathak, JoEllen Weaver, Andrew K. Godwin, Christoph Engel, Sarah Schott, Claus R. Bartram, Alfons Meindl, Rita K. Schmutzler, Hans-Peter Fischer, Yon-Dschun Ko, Hiltrud Brauch, Stefan Nickels, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Hans-Peter Sinn, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Alina Vrieling, Jenny Chang-Claude, Carl Blomqvist, Kristiina Aittomäki, Dario Greco, Heli Nevanlinna, Annika Lindblom, Sara Margolin, Xianshu Wang, Celine M. Vachon, Zachary Fredericksen, and Kristen N. Stevens

Abstract

PDF file - 272K

Published
2023

31. Data from Genetic Polymorphisms and Protein Expression of NRF2 and Sulfiredoxin Predict Survival Outcomes in Breast Cancer

Author

Ylermi Soini, Arto Mannermaa, Vuokko L. Kinnula, Veli-Matti Kosma, Maria Tengström, and Jaana M. Hartikainen

Abstract

NRF2 activates several protective genes, such as sulfiredoxin (SRXN1), as a response to oxidative and xenobiotic stress. Defects in NRF2 pathway may increase cancer susceptibility. In tumor cells, activation of NRF2 may lead to chemo- and radioresistance and thus affect patient outcome. Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms on NRF2 gene and eight on SRXN1 were genotyped in 452 patients with breast cancer and 370 controls. Protein expression of NRF2 and SRXN1 was studied in 373 breast carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. Statistical significance of the associations between genotypes, protein expression, clinicopathologic variables, and survival was assessed. A high level (>25%) of cytoplasmic NRF2 positivity was observed in 237 of 361 (66%) and SRXN1 positivity was observed in 82 of 363 (23%) cases. The NRF2 rs6721961 genotype TT was associated with increased risk of breast cancer [P = 0.008; OR, 4.656; confidence interval (CI), 1.350–16.063] and the T allele was associated with a low extent of NRF2 protein expression (P = 0.0003; OR, 2.420; CI, 1.491–3.926) and negative SRXN1 expression (P = 0.047; OR, 1.867; CI = 1.002–3.478). The NRF2 rs2886162 allele A was associated with low NRF2 expression (P = 0.011; OR, 1.988; CI, 1.162–3.400) and the AA genotype was associated with a worse survival (P = 0.032; HR, 1.687; CI, 1.047–2.748). The NRF2 rs1962142 T allele was associated with a low level of cytoplasmic NRF2 expression (P = 0.036) and negative sulfiredoxin expression (P = 0.042). The NRF2 rs2706110 AA genotype was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and the SRXN1 rs6053666 C allele was associated with a decrease in breast cancer risk (P = 0.011 and 0.017). NRF2 and SRXN1 genetic polymorphisms are associated with breast cancer risk and survival, implicating that mechanisms associated with reactive oxygen species and NRF2 pathway are involved in breast cancer initiation and progression. Cancer Res; 72(21); 5537–46. ©2012 AACR.

Published
2023

35. The debatable presence of PIWI‐interacting RNAs in invasive breast cancer

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Maria Tengström, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Sami Heikkinen, Emmi Kärkkäinen, and Veli-Matti Kosma

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Estrogen receptor, Piwi-interacting RNA, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Disease-Free Survival, 03 medical and health sciences, transcriptomics, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, breast cancer, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Breast, RNA, Small Interfering, prognostic factor, RC254-282, Original Research, next generation sequencing, Predictive marker, Radiotherapy, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, biomarkers, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Up-Regulation, Radiation therapy, Tamoxifen, 030104 developmental biology, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, Receptors, Estrogen, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, non‐coding RNAs, Cancer biomarkers, Female, Neoplasm Grading, medicine.drug
Abstract

Numerous factors influence breast cancer (BC) prognosis, thus complicating the prediction of outcome. By identifying biomarkers that would distinguish the cases with poorer response to therapy already at the time of diagnosis, the rate of survival could be improved. Lately, Piwi‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been introduced as potential cancer biomarkers, however, due to the recently raised challenges in piRNA annotations, further evaluation of piRNAs’ involvement in cancer is required. We performed small RNA sequencing in 227 fresh‐frozen breast tissue samples from the Eastern Finnish Kuopio Breast Cancer Project material to study the presence of piRNAs in BC and their associations with the clinicopathological features and outcome of BC patients. We observed the presence of three small RNAs annotated as piRNA database entries (DQ596932, DQ570994, and DQ571955) in our samples. The actual species of these RNAs however remain uncertain. All three small RNAs were upregulated in grade III tumors and DQ596932 additionally in estrogen receptor negative tumors. Furthermore, patients with estrogen receptor positive BC and higher DQ571955 had shorter relapse‐free survival and poorer BC‐specific survival, thus indicating DQ571955 as a candidate predictive marker for radiotherapy response in estrogen receptor positive BC. DQ596932 showed possible prognostic value in BC, whereas DQ570994 was identified as a candidate predictive marker for tamoxifen and chemotherapy response. These three small RNAs appear as candidate biomarkers for BC, which could after further investigation provide novel approaches for the treatment of therapy resistant BC. Overall, our results indicate that the prevalence of piRNAs in cancer is most likely not as comprehensive as has been previously thought., We have observed three small RNAs associating with clinical characteristics and patient outcome in breast cancer. The actual species of these RNAs needs further clarification but these results indicate that the dysregulation of piRNAs in cancer is most likely not as general a phenomenon as has been previously thought.

Published
2021

36. Circulating Cell-Free DNA Reflects the Clonal Evolution of Breast Cancer Tumors

Author

Mannermaa, Jouni Kujala, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Maria Tengström, Reijo Sironen, Päivi Auvinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, and Arto

Subjects
liquid biopsy, tumor evolution, intratumoral heterogeneity, sequencing, biomarker, recurrence, metastasis
Abstract

Liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is proposed as a potential method for the early detection of breast cancer (BC) metastases and following the clonal evolution of BC. Though the use of liquid biopsy is a widely discussed topic in the field, only a few studies have demonstrated such usage so far. We sequenced the DNA of matched primary tumor and metastatic sites together with the matched cfDNA samples from 18 Eastern Finnish BC patients and investigated how well cfDNA reflected the clonal evolution of BC interpreted from tumor DNA. On average, liquid biopsy detected 56.2 ± 7.2% of the somatic variants that were present either in the matched primary tumor or metastatic sites. Despite the high discordance observed between matched samples, liquid biopsy was found to reflect the clonal evolution of BC and identify novel driver variants and therapeutic targets absent from the tumor DNA. Tumor-specific somatic variants were detected in cfDNA at the time of diagnosis and 8.4 ± 2.4 months prior to detection of locoregional recurrence or distant metastases. Our results demonstrate that the sequencing of cfDNA may be used for the early detection of locoregional and distant BC metastases. Observed discordance between tumor DNA sequencing and liquid biopsy supports the parallel sequencing of cfDNA and tumor DNA to yield the most comprehensive overview for the genetic landscape of BC.

Published
2022
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37. High mutation burden of circulating cell‐free DNA in early‐stage breast cancer patients is associated with a poor relapse‐free survival

Author

Reijo Sironen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jouni Kujala, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Maria Tengström, and Arto Mannermaa

Subjects
Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, recurrence, Genotype, Breast Neoplasms, Context (language use), lcsh:RC254-282, Disease-Free Survival, Circulating Tumor DNA, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Stage (cooking), Liquid biopsy, Genotyping, Finland, Aged, Original Research, liquid biopsy, business.industry, Clinical Cancer Research, Cancer, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Biomarker (medicine), biomarker, Female, prognosis, business, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids, serum
Abstract

Background High tumor mutation burden is shown to be associated with a poor clinical outcome. As the tumor‐derived fraction of circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) is shown to reflect the genetic spectrum of the tumor, we examined whether the mutation burden of cfDNA could be used to predict the clinical outcomes of early‐stage breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods We selected a set of 79 Finnish early‐stage BC cases with a good prognosis based on traditional prognostic parameters but some of which still developed relapsed disease during follow‐up. cfDNA was isolated from the serum collected at the time of diagnosis, sequenced, and compared to matched primary tumors, clinical parameters, and survival data. Results High cfDNA mutation burden was associated with the poor relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = .016, HR = 2.23, 95% Cl 1.16‐4.27) when patients were divided into high and low mutation burden according to the median number of somatic variants. A high discordance was observed between the matched tumor and cfDNA samples, thus highlighting the challenges related to the liquid biopsy of early‐stage cancer cases. Despite the low number of detected tumor‐specific variants, the presence of tumor‐specific somatic variants in the cfDNA was associated with the poor RFS (P = .009, HR = 2.31, 95% Cl 1.23‐4.31). Conclusions Our results confirm previously observed challenges about the accuracy of liquid biopsy‐based genotyping of early‐stage cancers and support the parallel sequencing of tumor and cfDNA while also demonstrating how the presence of tumor‐specific somatic variants and the high mutation burden in the cfDNA are both associated with the poor RFS, thus indicating the prognostic potential of liquid biopsy in the context of early‐stage cancers., High mutation burden and the presence of tumor‐specific mutations in circulating cell‐free DNA in early‐stage breast cancer patients were observed to be associated with a poor relapse‐free survival. Our results suggest that the liquid biopsy of early‐stage cancers might provide potential benefits when making primary prognosis despite the challenges that are associated with the liquid biopsy of early‐stage cancers.

Published
2020

38. Circulating Cell-Free DNA Reflects the Clonal Evolution of Breast Cancer Tumors

Author

Jouni, Kujala, Jaana M, Hartikainen, Maria, Tengström, Reijo, Sironen, Päivi, Auvinen, Veli-Matti, Kosma, and Arto, Mannermaa

Abstract

Liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is proposed as a potential method for the early detection of breast cancer (BC) metastases and following the clonal evolution of BC. Though the use of liquid biopsy is a widely discussed topic in the field, only a few studies have demonstrated such usage so far. We sequenced the DNA of matched primary tumor and metastatic sites together with the matched cfDNA samples from 18 Eastern Finnish BC patients and investigated how well cfDNA reflected the clonal evolution of BC interpreted from tumor DNA. On average, liquid biopsy detected 56.2 ± 7.2% of the somatic variants that were present either in the matched primary tumor or metastatic sites. Despite the high discordance observed between matched samples, liquid biopsy was found to reflect the clonal evolution of BC and identify novel driver variants and therapeutic targets absent from the tumor DNA. Tumor-specific somatic variants were detected in cfDNA at the time of diagnosis and 8.4 ± 2.4 months prior to detection of locoregional recurrence or distant metastases. Our results demonstrate that the sequencing of cfDNA may be used for the early detection of locoregional and distant BC metastases. Observed discordance between tumor DNA sequencing and liquid biopsy supports the parallel sequencing of cfDNA and tumor DNA to yield the most comprehensive overview for the genetic landscape of BC.

Published
2022

39. M1 Macrophages Induce Protumor Inflammation in Melanoma Cells through TNFR-NF-κB Signaling

Author

Kirsi Kainulainen, Piia Takabe, Sami Heikkinen, Niina Aaltonen, Carol de la Motte, Leena Rauhala, Franziska C. Durst, Sanna Oikari, Taija Hukkanen, Eija Rahunen, Ella Ikonen, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Kirsi Ketola, and Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen

Subjects
Inflammation, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Macrophages, NF-kappa B, Cell Biology, Dermatology, Biochemistry, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Culture Media, Conditioned, Tumor Microenvironment, Humans, Hyaluronic Acid, Molecular Biology, Melanoma
Abstract

The tumor microenvironment, with distinctive cell types and a complex extracellular matrix has a tremendous impact on cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the effects of proinflammatory (M1) and immunosuppressive (M2) macrophages on hyaluronan (HA) matrix formation and inflammatory response in melanoma cells. Proinflammatory factors secreted from M1 macrophages stimulated the formation of a thick pericellular HA matrix in melanoma cells due to upregulation of HA synthase 2 (HAS2). HAS2 silencing reversed the effect of M1 conditioned medium on pericellular HA coat formation, and interestingly, it also partly downregulated the M1 conditioned medium‒induced upregulation of inflammation-related genes (IL1β, IL6), as did the inhibitors for TNFR and IKKγ. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that genes related to inflammatory responses and TNF-α signaling via NF-κB are enriched in the M1 conditioned medium‒treated melanoma cells. Moreover, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and three-dimensional cell invasion were induced in these cells, whereas M2 macrophages had no effect on HA synthesis, inflammatory response, or invasion. Our results indicate that the activation of TNFR-NF-κB signaling in M1 conditioned medium‒treated cells leads to HAS2 upregulation, which associates with a protumor inflammatory and invasive phenotype of melanoma cells.

Published
2021

40. Gene-Environment Interactions Relevant to Estrogen and Risk of Breast Cancer: Can Gene-Environment Interactions Be Detected Only among Candidate SNPs from Genome-Wide Association Studies?

Author

Arif B. Ekici, Mi Kyung Kim, Dong Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Camilla Wendt, Rebecca Mayes, Anna H. Wu, Lauren R. Teras, Stig E. Bojesen, Henrik Flyger, Angela Cox, Melissa C. Southey, Wanqing Wen, Volker Arndt, Chen-Yang Shen, Soo Hwang Teo, Pascal Guénel, Robert Winqvist, Natalia Bogdanova, Hidemi Ito, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Heli Nevanlinna, Simon S. Cross, Yon Ko, Jingmei Li, Mehdi Manoochehri, Peter A. Fasching, Renske Keeman, Keitaro Matsuo, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Nan Song, Alpa V. Patel, Manjeet K. Bolla, Jong Won Lee, Javier Benitez, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Carl Blomqvist, Jaesung Choi, Sei Hyun Ahn, Bernadette A M Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Seokang Chung, Alison M. Dunning, Diether Lambrechts, James V. Lacey, Hermann Brenner, Reiner Hoppe, Wonshik Han, Joe Dennis, Kenneth Muir, Don M. Conroy, Rebecca Roylance, Michael Jones, Thilo Dörk, Pei Ei Wu, Mitul Shah, Arto Mannermaa, Patricia Harrington, Sue K. Park, Vessela N. Kristensen, Bernardo Bonanni, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Qin Wang, Paolo Radice, Mikael Hartman, Joo Yong Park, Adinda Baten, Irene L. Andrulis, Douglas F. Easton, Sun Ha Jee, Annika Lindblom, Daehee Kang, Ji Yeob Choi, Elinor J. Sawyer, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Kyriaki Michailidou, Anna González-Neira, Thérèse Truong, Olivia Fletcher, Per Hall, Artitaya Lophatananon, Nur Aishah Taib, Maria Elena Martinez, Janet E. Olson, Kamila Czene, John L. Hopper, kConFab Investigators, Nichola Johnson, Christopher A. Haiman, Mervi Grip, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Song, Nan [0000-0002-9182-1060], Park, Sue K [0000-0001-5002-9707], Kim, Mi Kyung [0000-0001-5279-4162], Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Michailidou, Kyriaki [0000-0001-7065-1237], Hall, Per [0000-0002-5640-9126], Matsuo, Keitaro [0000-0003-1761-6314], Ito, Hidemi [0000-0002-8023-4581], Keeman, Renske [0000-0002-5452-9933], Schmidt, Marjanka K [0000-0002-2228-429X], Fasching, Peter A [0000-0003-4885-8471], Brenner, Hermann [0000-0002-6129-1572], Arndt, Volker [0000-0001-9320-8684], Hartikainen, Jaana M [0000-0001-8267-1905], Dörk, Thilo [0000-0002-9458-0282], Bogdanova, Natalia V [0000-0002-9736-4593], Johnson, Nichola [0000-0002-8230-5662], Nevanlinna, Heli [0000-0002-0916-2976], Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette AM [0000-0002-9724-6693], Bonanni, Bernardo [0000-0003-3589-2128], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medicum, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Clinicum, Helsinki University Hospital Area, University of Helsinki, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Park, Sue K. [0000-0001-5002-9707], Schmidt, Marjanka K. [0000-0002-2228-429X], Fasching, Peter A. [0000-0003-4885-8471], Hartikainen, Jaana M. [0000-0001-8267-1905], Bogdanova, Natalia V. [0000-0002-9736-4593], Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M. [0000-0002-9724-6693], and Medical Oncology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, Candidate gene, PREMENOPAUSAL, medicine.medical_treatment, STEROID-RECEPTOR COACTIVATOR-1, Genome-wide association study, 0302 clinical medicine, HEIGHT, estrogen, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, RACIAL-DIFFERENCES, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Gene–environment interaction, Aetiology, RC254-282, Cancer, education.field_of_study, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Hormone replacement therapy (menopause), 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ESR1 MUTATIONS, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Population, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, 3122 Cancers, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetics, ddc:610, education, POLYMORPHISMS, Science & Technology, METABOLISM PATHWAY GENES, Prevention, HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY, Human Genome, medicine.disease, gene-environment interaction, Minor allele frequency, 030104 developmental biology
Abstract

Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females worldwide. To date, many gene-environment interaction (GxE) studies have been conducted to better understand how genetic factors combine with environmental factors to influence risk. However, previous studies have not found or found only a few interactions by using SNPs which were discovered from genome-wide association studies and have been conducted, for the most part, within European populations. In this study, we focused on estrogen-related lifestyle factors that have been identified for breast cancer, including several well-established reproductive factors that are mediated by hormonal mechanisms. We aimed to examine whether there are any gene and environmental factor interactions related to estrogen exposure or metabolism using a candidate approach in Korean women. We found two interactions in this study, although they were not replicated in the independent large consortium data. These findings suggest specificity in Koreans for breast cancer risk. In this study we aim to examine gene-environment interactions (GxEs) between genes involved with estrogen metabolism and environmental factors related to estrogen exposure. GxE analyses were conducted with 1970 Korean breast cancer cases and 2052 controls in the case-control study, the Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS). A total of 11,555 SNPs from the 137 candidate genes were included in the GxE analyses with eight established environmental factors. A replication test was conducted by using an independent population from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), with 62,485 Europeans and 9047 Asians. The GxE tests were performed by using two-step methods in GxEScan software. Two interactions were found in the SEBCS. The first interaction was shown between rs13035764 of NCOA1 and age at menarche in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.2 x 10(-3)). The age at menarche before 14 years old was associated with the high risk of breast cancer, and the risk was higher when subjects had homozygous minor allele G. The second GxE was shown between rs851998 near ESR1 and height in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.1 x 10(-4)). Height taller than 160 cm was associated with a high risk of breast cancer, and the risk increased when the minor allele was added. The findings were not replicated in the BCAC. These results would suggest specificity in Koreans for breast cancer risk.

Published
2021

41. Association of germline genetic variants with breast cancer-specific survival in patient subgroups defined by clinic-pathological variables related to tumor biology and type of systemic treatment

Author

Agnes Jager, Christopher A. Haiman, William G. Newman, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Loic Le Marchand, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Eric Hahnen, Peter Kraft, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Alison M. Dunning, Roger L. Milne, Christine L. Clarke, Wei He, Thomas Brüning, David J. Hunter, Alicja Wolk, Arto Mannermaa, William J. Tapper, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Emmanouil Saloustros, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Annelie Augustinsson, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Stella Koutros, Heiko Becher, Machteld Keupers, Abctb Investigators, Esther M. John, Heli Nevanlinna, Simon S. Cross, Rita K. Schmutzler, Melanie Gündert, Elinor J. Sawyer, Anna Morra, Melissa C. Southey, Robert Luben, Daniele Campa, Hoda Anton-Culver, Hiltrud Brauch, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Wolfgang Janni, Douglas F. Easton, Diether Lambrechts, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Jonathan Beesley, Thilo Dörk, Miriam Dwek, Robert Winqvist, Irene L. Andrulis, Paolo Peterlongo, Manjeet K. Bolla, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Matthias Ruebner, Nick Orr, Stephen J. Chanock, Paul L. Auer, Michael Lush, Sune F. Nielsen, Amber N Hurson, Alpa V. Patel, Sander Canisius, Vessela N. Kristensen, José A. García-Sáenz, Joe Dennis, Mervi Grip, Sarah Colonna, Tongguang Cheng, Martha S. Linet, Cari M. Kitahara, Annika Lindblom, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Bernard Peissel, Christopher G. Scott, Maria Elena Martinez, Laure Dossus, Saundra S. Buys, Graham G. Giles, Pascal Guénel, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Allison W. Kurian, Jan Lubinski, Andrew F. Olshan, A. Heather Eliassen, Valerie Rhenius, Jose E. Castelao, Renske Keeman, Diana Eccles, John W.M. Martens, Melissa A. Troester, Sara Margolin, Thomas U. Ahearn, Hedy S. Rennert, Nadege Presneau, Mehdi Manoochehri, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Lauren R. Teras, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Hermann Brenner, Reiner Hoppe, Atocha Romero, Mitul Shah, Peter A. Fasching, Argyrios Ziogas, Matthias W. Beckmann, Ross L. Prentice, James V. Lacey, Harald Surowy, Rulla M. Tamimi, D. Gareth Evans, Celine M. Vachon, Snezhana Smichkoska, Mary B. Daly, Karolina Prajzendanc, Arif B. Ekici, Stig E. Bojesen, Niclas Håkansson, Steven N. Hart, Mikael Eriksson, Maria Escala-Garcia, Taru A. Muranen, Arndt Hartmann, Henrik Flyger, Håkan Olsson, Federico Canzian, Rebecca Roylance, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Andreas Schneeweiss, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Anthony Howell, Volker Arndt, Lin Fritschi, Bette J. Caan, Kyriaki Michailidou, Per Hall, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Anna Marie Mulligan, Fergus J. Couch, Gad Rennert, Ute Hamann, Brigitte Rack, Sabine Behrens, Jennifer Stone, Qin Wang, kConFab Investigators, Kamila Czene, John L. Hopper, Audrey Y. Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Schmidt, Marjanka K. [0000-0002-2228-429X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Dörk, Thilo [0000-0002-9458-0282], Newman, William G [0000-0002-6382-4678], Romero, Atocha [0000-0002-1634-7397], Stone, Jennifer [0000-0001-5077-0124], Schmidt, Marjanka K [0000-0002-2228-429X], HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Medical Oncology

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_treatment, LOCI, PROGRESSION, Systemic treatment, SUSCEPTIBILITY, BETA-CATENIN, Germline, SUBTYPES, 0302 clinical medicine, Surgical oncology, TOOL, Medicine, RC254-282, 0303 health sciences, Tumor biology, ROLES, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Research Article, EXPRESSION, medicine.medical_specialty, 3122 Cancers, Breast Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Humans, ddc:610, Polymorphism, Allele, Breast cancer-specific survival, Common germline genetic variants, Patient subgroups, Genome-Wide Association Study, Survival Analysis, Germ-Line Mutation, Pathological, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer och onkologi, Chemotherapy, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Cancer and Oncology, Breast Cancer-specific Survival, Common Germline Genetic Variants, Patient Subgroups, Systemic Treatment, Tumor Biology, business
Abstract

Background Given the high heterogeneity among breast tumors, associations between common germline genetic variants and survival that may exist within specific subgroups could go undetected in an unstratified set of breast cancer patients. Methods We performed genome-wide association analyses within 15 subgroups of breast cancer patients based on prognostic factors, including hormone receptors, tumor grade, age, and type of systemic treatment. Analyses were based on 91,686 female patients of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, including 7531 breast cancer-specific deaths over a median follow-up of 8.1 years. Cox regression was used to assess associations of common germline variants with 15-year and 5-year breast cancer-specific survival. We assessed the probability of these associations being true positives via the Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP Results Evidence of associations with breast cancer-specific survival was observed in three patient subgroups, with variant rs5934618 in patients with grade 3 tumors (15-year-hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.32 [1.20, 1.45], P = 1.4E−08, BFDP = 0.01, per G allele); variant rs4679741 in patients with ER-positive tumors treated with endocrine therapy (15-year-HR [95% CI] 1.18 [1.11, 1.26], P = 1.6E−07, BFDP = 0.09, per G allele); variants rs1106333 (15-year-HR [95% CI] 1.68 [1.39,2.03], P = 5.6E−08, BFDP = 0.12, per A allele) and rs78754389 (5-year-HR [95% CI] 1.79 [1.46,2.20], P = 1.7E−08, BFDP = 0.07, per A allele), in patients with ER-negative tumors treated with chemotherapy. Conclusions We found evidence of four loci associated with breast cancer-specific survival within three patient subgroups. There was limited evidence for the existence of associations in other patient subgroups. However, the power for many subgroups is limited due to the low number of events. Even so, our results suggest that the impact of common germline genetic variants on breast cancer-specific survival might be limited.

Published
2021

42. Germline variants and breast cancer survival in patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis

Author

Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, David J. Hunter, Lauren R. Teras, Harald Surowy, Rulla M. Tamimi, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Fergus J. Couch, Heli Nevanlinna, Celine M. Vachon, Per Hall, Arif B. Ekici, Vessela N. Kristensen, Ute Hamann, Alpa V. Patel, Christopher A. Haiman, Sander Canisius, Jonathan Beesley, Sara Margolin, Hedy S. Rennert, Thilo Dörk, Paolo Peterlongo, Hoda Anton-Culver, Matthias W. Beckmann, Renske Keeman, Christopher G. Scott, Rudolf Kaaks, Melissa C. Southey, Atocha Romero, Stig E. Bojesen, Graham G. Giles, Federico Canzian, Rebecca Roylance, Stephen J. Chanock, Loic Le Marchand, Eric Hahnen, Robert Winqvist, Mervi Grip, Taru A. Muranen, A. Heather Eliassen, Ian Tomlinson, Anna Jakubowska, Emilie Thomas, Douglas F. Easton, William Jacot, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Elinor J. Sawyer, Linetta B. Koppert, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Matthias Ruebner, Joe Dennis, Alison M. Dunning, Esther M. John, Elza Khusnutdinova, Melanie Gündert, Kamila Czene, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Henrik Flyger, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Manjeet K. Bolla, Rita K. Schmutzler, Jenny Chang-Claude, Kyriaki Michailidou, Håkan Olsson, John L. Hopper, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Melissa A. Troester, Audrey Y. Jung, Maria Escala-Garcia, Bernadette A M Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Argyrios Ziogas, Thomas Rüdiger, Antoinette Hollestelle, José A. García-Sáenz, Marina Bermisheva, Alicja Wolk, Volker Arndt, Robert N. Luben, Mary B. Daly, Niclas Håkansson, Jan Lubinski, Jose E. Castelao, Emmanouil Saloustros, Jürgen Geisler, Qin Wang, Paolo Radice, Gad Rennert, Thomas Bachelot, Sabine Behrens, Peter Kraft, Arto Mannermaa, Heiko Becher, Annika Lindblom, Annelie Augustinsson, Andrew F. Olshan, Mehdi Manoochehri, Peter A. Fasching, Allison W. Kurian, Hermann Brenner, Reiner Hoppe, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Diether Lambrechts, Kevin Punie, Peter Devilee, Dörk, Thilo [0000-0002-9458-0282], Romero, Atocha [0000-0002-1634-7397], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Medical Oncology, Surgery, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Subjects
Oncology, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, SUSCEPTIBILITY, Germline, Metastasis, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Cancer Survivors, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, NETWORK, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cancer genetics, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, article, WOMEN, Metastatic breast cancer, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, 631/67/322, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, Primary breast cancer, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, 3122 Cancers, Breast Neoplasms, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 631/67/68, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, In patient, Germ-Line Mutation, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer och onkologi, Science & Technology, business.industry, Genetic Variation, Breast cancer metastasis, 631/67/1347, medicine.disease, Germ Cells, Cancer and Oncology, business
Abstract

Breast cancer metastasis accounts for most of the deaths from breast cancer. Identification of germline variants associated with survival in aggressive types of breast cancer may inform understanding of breast cancer progression and assist treatment. In this analysis, we studied the associations between germline variants and breast cancer survival for patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis. We used data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) including 1062 women of European ancestry with metastatic breast cancer, 606 of whom died of breast cancer. We identified two germline variants on chromosome 1, rs138569520 and rs146023652, significantly associated with breast cancer-specific survival (P = 3.19 × 10−8 and 4.42 × 10−8). In silico analysis suggested a potential regulatory effect of the variants on the nearby target genes SDE2 and H3F3A. However, the variants showed no evidence of association in a smaller replication dataset. The validation dataset was obtained from the SNPs to Risk of Metastasis (StoRM) study and included 293 patients with metastatic primary breast cancer at diagnosis. Ultimately, larger replication studies are needed to confirm the identified associations.

Published
2021

43. MicroRNAs Associated With Biological Pathways of Left- and Right-sided Colorectal Cancer

Author

Jaana M. Hartikainen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Sami Heikkinen, Stralina Eneh, Teijo Kuopio, and Arto Mannermaa

Subjects
False discovery rate, Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Down-Regulation, Biological pathway, Cohort Studies, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Internal medicine, microRNA, Medicine, Humans, Differential expression, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Aged, business.industry, Wnt signaling pathway, General Medicine, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Cohort, Female, business, Colorectal Neoplasms, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Signal Transduction
Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate miRNAs and their relation to cancer-related signaling pathways in site-specific CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a total of 24 left- and right-sided Finnish CRC samples (discovery cohort) and The Cancer Genome Atlas public mature miRSeq dataset of 201 CRC samples (validation cohort). MiRNA differential expression and biological pathway analyses were performed using DESeq2 and the DIANA/mirPath tool, respectively. RESULTS We found 17 significantly differentially up-regulated [false discovery rate (FDR)

Published
2020

44. Machine learning identifies interacting genetic variants contributing to breast cancer risk: A case study in Finnish cases and controls

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Robert Winqvist, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Hamid Behravan, Veli-Matti Kosma, Maria Tengström, and Katri Pylkäs

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Risk, Boosting (machine learning), Support Vector Machine, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Estrogen receptor, lcsh:Medicine, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Protein Interaction Mapping, medicine, Cancer genomics, SNP, Humans, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, lcsh:Science, Finland, Multidisciplinary, Base Sequence, business.industry, Genome, Human, lcsh:R, Genetic variants, Estrogen Receptor alpha, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Support vector machine, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030104 developmental biology, Case-Control Studies, Polygenic risk score, Female, lcsh:Q, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

We propose an effective machine learning approach to identify group of interacting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which contribute most to the breast cancer (BC) risk by assuming dependencies among BCAC iCOGS SNPs. We adopt a gradient tree boosting method followed by an adaptive iterative SNP search to capture complex non-linear SNP-SNP interactions and consequently, obtain group of interacting SNPs with high BC risk-predictive potential. We also propose a support vector machine formed by the identified SNPs to classify BC cases and controls. Our approach achieves mean average precision (mAP) of 72.66, 67.24 and 69.25 in discriminating BC cases and controls in KBCP, OBCS and merged KBCP-OBCS sample sets, respectively. These results are better than the mAP of 70.08, 63.61 and 66.41 obtained by using a polygenic risk score model derived from 51 known BC-associated SNPs, respectively, in KBCP, OBCS and merged KBCP-OBCS sample sets. BC subtype analysis further reveals that the 200 identified KBCP SNPs from the proposed method performs favorably in classifying estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER−) BC cases both in KBCP and OBCS data. Further, a biological analysis of the identified SNPs reveals genes related to important BC-related mechanisms, estrogen metabolism and apoptosis.

Published
2018

45. Rare missense mutations in RECQL and POLG associate with inherited predisposition to breast cancer

Author

Arto Mannermaa, Saila Kauppila, Katri Pylkäs, Mervi Grip, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Robert Winqvist, Tuomo Mantere, Susanna Koivuluoma, Peeter Karihtala, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Anna Tervasmäki, and Hang-Mao Lee

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Cancer Research, Massive parallel sequencing, Biology, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Breast cancer, Oncology, medicine, Genetic predisposition, RAD51C, Missense mutation, Allele, Gene, Mitochondrial DNA replication
Abstract

Several known breast cancer susceptibility genes with moderate-to-high risk alleles encode proteins involved in DNA damage response (DDR). As these explain less than half of the hereditary breast cancer cases, additional predisposing alleles are likely to be discovered. Many of the previous studies utilizing massive parallel sequencing have focused on the protein-truncating variants, and the role of rare missense mutations has remained poorly addressed. To identify novel susceptibility factors, we have systematically analyzed the data from our parallel sequencing of 796 DDR genes in 189 Northern Finnish hereditary breast cancer patients for rare missense variants, predicted as deleterious. Thirty-five variants were studied here for the disease association using Finnish breast cancer case (n = 492-2,035) and control (n = 277-1,539) cohorts. As a result, two missense variants in genes involved in DNA replication, RECQL p.I156M and POLG p.L392V, the former involving genomic and the latter mitochondrial DNA replication, showed significant association with risk of breast cancer. Rare RECQL p.I156M allele was observed in breast cancer cases only (6/1,946, 0.3%, p = 0.043), whereas POLG p.L392V was two times more frequent in breast cancer cases (53/2,238, 2.4%) compared to controls (18/1,539, 1.2%, OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.5, p = 0.010). Based on the current genetic data, both RECQL p.I156M and POLG p.L392V represent novel breast cancer predisposing alleles.

Published
2018

46. Nrf2 and SQSTM1/p62 jointly contribute to mesenchymal transition and invasion in glioblastoma

Author

Ashish Jain, Petri Pölönen, Arto Mannermaa, Ashik Jawahar Deen, Anna-Liisa Levonen, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Pasi Tavi, Terje Johansen, Suvi M. Kuosmanen, Mimmi Mononen, Matti Nykter, Henna-Kaisa Jyrkkänen, Tomi Tuomainen, Merja Heinäniemi, Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen, Hanna Leinonen, Lääketieteen ja terveysteknologian tiedekunta - Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Tampere University

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Biolääketieteet - Biomedicine, Genetic enhancement, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system, environment and public health, Biokemia, solu- ja molekyylibiologia - Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, medicine, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700, Molecular Biology, Transcription factor, Regulation of gene expression, Autophagy, Mesenchymal stem cell, respiratory system, KEAP1, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Signal transduction, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that constitutively active Nrf2 has a pivotal role in cancer as it induces pro-survival genes that promote cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. The mechanisms of Nrf2 dysregulation and functions in cancer have not been fully characterized. Here, we jointly analyzed the Broad-Novartis Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) multi-omics data in order to identify cancer types where Nrf2 activation is present. We found that Nrf2 is hyperactivated in a subset of glioblastoma (GBM) patients, whose tumors display a mesenchymal subtype, and uncover several different mechanisms contributing to increased Nrf2 activity. Importantly, we identified a positive feedback loop between SQSTM1/p62 and Nrf2 as a mechanism for activation of the Nrf2 pathway. We also show that autophagy and serine/threonine signaling regulates p62 mediated Keap1 degradation. Our results in glioma cell lines indicate that both Nrf2 and p62 promote proliferation, invasion and mesenchymal transition. Finally, Nrf2 activity was associated with decreased progression free survival in TCGA GBM patient samples, suggesting that treatments have limited efficacy if this transcription factor is overactivated. Overall, our findings place Nrf2 and p62 as the key components of the mesenchymal subtype network, with implications to tumorigenesis and treatment resistance. Thus, Nrf2 activation could be used as a surrogate prognostic marker in mesenchymal subtype GBMs. Furthermore, strategies aiming at either inhibiting Nrf2 or exploiting Nrf2 hyperactivity for targeted gene therapy may provide novel treatment options for this subset of GBM.

Published
2019

47. Clinical and epidemiological observations on individual radiation sensitivity and susceptibility

Author

Petra Seibold, Anssi Auvinen, Dietrich Averbeck, Michel Bourguignon, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Christoph Hoeschen, Olivier Laurent, Georges Noël, Laure Sabatier, Sisko Salomaa, Maria Blettner, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Tampere University Hospital, CEA- Saclay (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Eastern Finland, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg = Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Laboratoire d épidémiologie des rayonnements ionisants (IRSN/PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LEPID), Service de recherche sur les effets biologiques et Sanitaires des rayonnements ionisants (IRSN/PSE-SANTE/SESANE), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Mainz, Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Laboratoire d'épidémiologie des rayonnements ionisants (LEPID), and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)

Subjects
Risk, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Radiobiology, Congresses as Topic, Radiation Exposure, Radiation Dosage, Radiation Tolerance, Europe, Mice, Radiation Protection, Radiation Monitoring, Animals, Humans, Radiation Injuries, Radiometry
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: To summarize existing knowledge and to understand individual response to radiation exposure, the MELODI Association together with CONCERT European Joint Programme has organized a workshop in March 2018 on radiation sensitivity and susceptibility. Methods: The workshop reviewed the current evidence on this matter, to inform the MELODI Strategic Research Agenda (SRA), to determine social and scientific needs and to come up with recommendations for suitable and feasible future research initiatives to be taken for the benefit of an improved medical diagnosis and treatment as well as for radiation protection.Results: The present paper gives an overview of the current evidence in this field, including potential effect modifiers such as age, gender, genetic profile, and health status of the exposed population, based on clinical and epidemiological observations.Conclusion: The authors conclude with the following recommendations for the way forward in radiation research: (a) there is need for large (prospective) cohort studies; (b) build upon existing radiation research cohorts; (c) use data from well-defined cohorts with good exposure assessment and biological material already collected; (d) focus on study quality with standardized data collection and reporting; (e) improve statistical analysis; (f) cooperation between radiobiology and epidemiology; and (g) take consequences of radiosensitivity and radiosusceptibility into account.

Published
2019

48. Genome-wide association study of germline variants and breast cancer-specific mortality

Author

Wing-Yee Lo, Dhanya Ramachandran, Christos Petridis, Fernando Salvador Moreno, Tongguang Cheng, Bernardo Bonanni, Ann Smeets, Susan E. Hankinson, Caroline Seynaeve, Suet-Feung Chin, Vessela N. Kristensen, Christopher G. Scott, Javier Benitez, William T. Newman, Brigitte Rack, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Diether Lambrechts, Alfons Meindl, Maria Escala-Garcia, Hoda Anton-Culver, Veli-Matti Kosma, Nadege Presneau, Daniel F. Schmidt, Douglas F. Easton, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Emmanouil Saloustros, Antoinette Hollestelle, Darya Prokofieva, Elinor J. Sawyer, Louise A. Brinton, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Robert N. Hoover, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Eva Galle, Catriona McLean, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Per Hall, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Leslie Bernstein, Jose Ignacio Arias Perez, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Qi Guo, Brian D. Carter, Martha S. Linet, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Yan Zhang, Mikael Eriksson, Hiltrud Brauch, Janet A. Dunn, Gord Glendon, Bernd Holleczek, William J. Tapper, Marike Gabrielson, Keith Humphreys, Rodney J. Scott, Tabea Kühl, Lorraine Durcan, David J. Hunter, Pascal Guénel, Tom Maishman, Mary B. Daly, Rami Nassir, Andreas Schneeweiss, Kamila Czene, Jonine D. Figueroa, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnæs, Julia A. Knight, Angel Carracedo, Susan M. Gapstur, Manuel R. Teixeira, Guanmengqian Huang, Paul L. Auer, Sara Y. Brucker, Johanna I. Kiiski, Adam R. Brentnall, Simon S. Cross, Joe Dennis, Nicola Miller, Walter C. Willett, Melissa C. Southey, Christoph Engel, Niclas Håkansson, Diana Eccles, John L. Hopper, Elaine F. Harkness, Audrey Y. Jung, Trinidad Caldés, Steven N. Hart, Sara Lindström, Michael P. Lux, Julie Lecarpentier, Lian Li, Robert Winqvist, Peter Kraft, Stephen J. Chanock, Thilo Dörk, Melanie Maierthaler, Rudolf Kaaks, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, José A. García-Sáenz, Christi J. van Asperen, Mervi Grip, Enes Makalic, Mia M. Gaudet, David E. Goldgar, Ross L. Prentice, Carolina Ellberg, Sune F. Nielsen, Federico Canzian, Rebecca Roylance, Aline Talhouk, Vassilios Georgoulias, Eunjung Lee, Siranoush Manoukian, Sara Margolin, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Hedy S. Rennert, Mitul Shah, Matthias W. Beckmann, Anthony Howell, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Christopher A. Haiman, V. Shane Pankratz, Anna González-Neira, Kathrin Thöne, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Anna Marie Mulligan, Ute Krüger, Mehdi Manoochehri, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Loic Le Marchand, Katri Pylkäs, Peter Hillemanns, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Volker Arndt, Peter A. Fasching, Christine L. Clarke, Louise Hiller, Eric Hahnen, Jan Lubinski, Jose E. Castelao, Roger L. Milne, Linetta B. Koppert, Peter Devilee, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Ian W. Brock, Claire Mulot, Mila Pinchev, Carlos Caldas, Michael Untch, Gadi Rennert, Aaron D. Norman, Per Broberg, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Lothar Haeberle, Heli Nevanlinna, Arto Mannermaa, Irene L. Andrulis, Angela George, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Jolanta Lissowska, Jonathan Beesley, Paolo Peterlongo, Cari M. Kitahara, Rulla M. Tamimi, Annika Lindblom, Sabine Behrens, Nick Orr, David G. Cox, D. Gareth Evans, Jacques Simard, Diana Torres, Constance Turman, Celine M. Vachon, Qin Wang, Hans-Ulrich Ulmer, Maria Kabisch, Maria Elena Martinez, Paolo Radice, Maria Tengström, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Jean Abraham, Helena M. Earl, Alice S. Whittemore, Hermann Brenner, Rita K. Schmutzler, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Barbara Burwinkel, Michael Jones, Esther M. John, Patricia Harrington, Daniele Campa, Elke M. van Veen, Clara Pérez-Barrios, Susan L. Neuhausen, Marina Bermisheva, Alicja Wolk, Christof Sohn, Elza Khusnutdinova, Michael J. Kerin, Miriam Dwek, Sibylle Loibl, Manjeet K. Bolla, Carl Blomqvist, Sander Canisius, Graham G. Giles, A. Heather Eliassen, Valerie Rhenius, Alexander Hein, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Arif B. Ekici, Yon-Dschun Ko, Pooja Middha, Alison M. Dunning, Katarzyna Kaczmarek, Bram Boeckx, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Karoliona Prajzendanc, Renske Keeman, Camilla Wendt, Atocha Romero, Stig E. Bojesen, Robert J. MacInnis, Clare Turnbull, Lukas Schwentner, Xiaohong R. Yang, Henrik Flyger, Håkan Olsson, Wolfgang Janni, Sofia Khan, Clinicum, Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Oncology, Surgery, and Clinical Genetics

Subjects
Oncology, Cancer Research, PROGNOSIS, Genome-wide association study, PATHWAY, Prognostic markers, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology of cancer, Cancer genetics, RISK, Hazard ratio, SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS, GENETIC-VARIATION, 3. Good health, Receptors, Estrogen, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, SURVIVAL, TUMOR SUBTYPES, Female, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7, EXPRESSION, medicine.medical_specialty, CLINICAL-OUTCOMES, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, 3122 Cancers, Breast Neoplasms, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Article, White People, NBCS Collaborators, RC0254, 03 medical and health sciences, Germline mutation, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Genetic Variation, Cancer, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, business, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background: We examined the associations between germline variants and breast cancer mortality using a large meta-analysis of women of European ancestry. Methods: Meta-analyses included summary estimates based on Cox models of twelve datasets using ~10.4 million variants for 96,661 women with breast cancer and 7697 events (breast cancer-specific deaths). Oestrogen receptor (ER)-specific analyses were based on 64,171 ER-positive (4116) and 16,172 ER-negative (2125) patients. We evaluated the probability of a signal to be a true positive using the Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP). Results: We did not find any variant associated with breast cancer-specific mortality at P < 5 × 10 −8 . For ER-positive disease, the most significantly associated variant was chr7:rs4717568 (BFDP = 7%, P = 1.28 × 10 −7 , hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.84–0.92); the closest gene is AUTS2. For ER-negative disease, the most significant variant was chr7:rs67918676 (BFDP = 11%, P = 1.38 × 10 −7 , HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.16–1.39); located within a long intergenic non-coding RNA gene (AC004009.3), close to the HOXA gene cluster. Conclusions: We uncovered germline variants on chromosome 7 at BFDP < 15% close to genes for which there is biological evidence related to breast cancer outcome. However, the paucity of variants associated with mortality at genome-wide significance underpins the challenge in providing genetic-based individualised prognostic information for breast cancer patients.

Published
2019

49. Nrf2 and SQSTM1/p62 jointly contribute to mesenchymal transition and invasion in glioblastoma

Author

Petri, Pölönen, Ashik, Jawahar Deen, Hanna M, Leinonen, Henna-Kaisa, Jyrkkänen, Suvi, Kuosmanen, Mimmi, Mononen, Ashish, Jain, Tomi, Tuomainen, Sanna, Pasonen-Seppänen, Jaana M, Hartikainen, Arto, Mannermaa, Matti, Nykter, Pasi, Tavi, Terje, Johansen, Merja, Heinäniemi, and Anna-Liisa, Levonen

Subjects
Feedback, Physiological, Male, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Progression-Free Survival, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Oxidative Stress, Sequestosome-1 Protein, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells, Humans, Female, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Glioblastoma, Cell Proliferation, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that constitutively active Nrf2 has a pivotal role in cancer as it induces pro-survival genes that promote cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. The mechanisms of Nrf2 dysregulation and functions in cancer have not been fully characterized. Here, we jointly analyzed the Broad-Novartis Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) multi-omics data in order to identify cancer types where Nrf2 activation is present. We found that Nrf2 is hyperactivated in a subset of glioblastoma (GBM) patients, whose tumors display a mesenchymal subtype, and uncover several different mechanisms contributing to increased Nrf2 activity. Importantly, we identified a positive feedback loop between SQSTM1/p62 and Nrf2 as a mechanism for activation of the Nrf2 pathway. We also show that autophagy and serine/threonine signaling regulates p62 mediated Keap1 degradation. Our results in glioma cell lines indicate that both Nrf2 and p62 promote proliferation, invasion and mesenchymal transition. Finally, Nrf2 activity was associated with decreased progression free survival in TCGA GBM patient samples, suggesting that treatments have limited efficacy if this transcription factor is overactivated. Overall, our findings place Nrf2 and p62 as the key components of the mesenchymal subtype network, with implications to tumorigenesis and treatment resistance. Thus, Nrf2 activation could be used as a surrogate prognostic marker in mesenchymal subtype GBMs. Furthermore, strategies aiming at either inhibiting Nrf2 or exploiting Nrf2 hyperactivity for targeted gene therapy may provide novel treatment options for this subset of GBM.

Published
2019

50. Publisher Correction: Evidence that breast cancer risk at the 2q35 locus is mediated through IGFBP5 regulation

Author

Maya Ghoussaini, Stacey L. Edwards, Kyriaki Michailidou, Silje Nord, Richard Cowper-Sal·lari, Kinjal Desai, Siddhartha Kar, Kristine M. Hillman, Susanne Kaufmann, Dylan M. Glubb, Jonathan Beesley, Joe Dennis, Manjeet K. Bolla, Qin Wang, Ed Dicks, Qi Guo, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Mitul Shah, Robert Luben, Judith Brown, Kamila Czene, Hatef Darabi, Mikael Eriksson, Daniel Klevebring, Stig E. Bojesen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Sune F. Nielsen, Henrik Flyger, Diether Lambrechts, Bernard Thienpont, Patrick Neven, Hans Wildiers, Annegien Broeks, Laura J. Van’t Veer, Emiel J. Th Rutgers, Fergus J. Couch, Janet E. Olson, Emily Hallberg, Celine Vachon, Jenny Chang-Claude, Anja Rudolph, Petra Seibold, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Julian Peto, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Lorna Gibson, Heli Nevanlinna, Taru A. Muranen, Kristiina Aittomäki, Carl Blomqvist, Per Hall, Jingmei Li, Jianjun Liu, Keith Humphreys, Daehee Kang, Ji-Yeob Choi, Sue K. Park, Dong-Young Noh, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Hiroji Iwata, Yasushi Yatabe, Pascal Guénel, Thérèse Truong, Florence Menegaux, Marie Sanchez, Barbara Burwinkel, Frederik Marme, Andreas Schneeweiss, Christof Sohn, Anna H. Wu, Chiu-chen Tseng, David Van Den Berg, Daniel O. Stram, Javier Benitez, M Pilar Zamora, Jose Ignacio Arias Perez, Primitiva Menéndez, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Lu, Yu-Tang Gao, Qiuyin Cai, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Malcolm W. R. Reed, Irene L. Andrulis, Julia A. Knight, Gord Glendon, Sandrine Tchatchou, Elinor J. Sawyer, Ian Tomlinson, Michael J. Kerin, Nicola Miller, Christopher A. Haiman, Brian E. Henderson, Fredrick Schumacher, Loic Le Marchand, Annika Lindblom, Sara Margolin, Soo Hwang Teo, Cheng Har Yip, Daphne S. C. Lee, Tien Y. Wong, Maartje J. Hooning, John W. M. Martens, J. Margriet Collée, Carolien H. M. van Deurzen, John L. Hopper, Melissa C. Southey, Helen Tsimiklis, Miroslav K. Kapuscinski, Chen-Yang Shen, Pei-Ei Wu, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Shou-Tung Chen, Grethe Grenaker Alnæs, Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale, Graham G. Giles, Roger L. Milne, Catriona McLean, Kenneth Muir, Artitaya Lophatananon, Sarah Stewart-Brown, Pornthep Siriwanarangsan, Mikael Hartman, Hui Miao, Shaik Ahmad Bin Syed Buhari, Yik Ying Teo, Peter A. Fasching, Lothar Haeberle, Arif B. Ekici, Matthias W. Beckmann, Hermann Brenner, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Volker Arndt, Christa Stegmaier, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Nick Orr, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Montserrat García-Closas, Jonine Figueroa, Stephen J. Chanock, Jolanta Lissowska, Jacques Simard, Mark S. Goldberg, France Labrèche, Martine Dumont, Robert Winqvist, Katri Pylkäs, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Hiltrud Brauch, Thomas Brüning, Yon-Dschun Koto, Paolo Radice, Paolo Peterlongo, Bernardo Bonanni, Sara Volorio, Thilo Dörk, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Sonja Helbig, Arto Mannermaa, Vesa Kataja, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Peter Devilee, Robert A. E. M. Tollenaar, Caroline Seynaeve, Christi J. Van Asperen, Anna Jakubowska, Jan Lubinski, Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek, Katarzyna Durda, Susan Slager, Amanda E. Toland, Christine B. Ambrosone, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Valerie Gaborieau, Paul Brennan, James McKay, Ute Hamann, Diana Torres, Wei Zheng, Jirong Long, Hoda Anton-Culver, Susan L. Neuhausen, Craig Luccarini, Caroline Baynes, Shahana Ahmed, Mel Maranian, Catherine S. Healey, Anna González-Neira, Guillermo Pita, M Rosario Alonso, Nuria Álvarez, Daniel Herrero, Daniel C. Tessier, Daniel Vincent, Francois Bacot, Ines de Santiago, Jason Carroll, Carlos Caldas, Melissa A. Brown, Mathieu Lupien, Vessela N. Kristensen, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Juliet D. French, Douglas F. Easton, and Alison M. Dunning

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Published Erratum, MEDLINE, General Physics and Astronomy, Locus (genetics), General Chemistry, medicine.disease, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract

GWAS have identified a breast cancer susceptibility locus on 2q35. Here we report the fine mapping of this locus using data from 101,943 subjects from 50 case-control studies. We genotype 276 SNPs using the ‘iCOGS’ genotyping array and impute genotypes for a further 1,284 using 1000 Genomes Project data. All but two, strongly correlated SNPs (rs4442975 G/T and rs6721996 G/A) are excluded as candidate causal variants at odds against >100:1. The best functional candidate, rs4442975, is associated with oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) disease with an odds ratio (OR) in Europeans of 0.85 (95% confidence interval=0.84−0.87; P=1.7 × 10−43) per t-allele. This SNP flanks a transcriptional enhancer that physically interacts with the promoter of IGFBP5 (encoding insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5) and displays allele-specific gene expression, FOXA1 binding and chromatin looping. Evidence suggests that the g-allele confers increased breast cancer susceptibility through relative downregulation of IGFBP5, a gene with known roles in breast cell biology., Previous studies identified an association between the 2q35 locus and breast cancer. Here, the authors show that a SNP at 2q35, rs4442975, is associated with oestrogen receptor positive disease and suggest that this effect is mediated through the downregulation of a known breast cancer gene, IGFBP5.

Published
2018

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