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Historical seroprevalence data for Anisakis in Spain vary greatly depending on the sampling region owing to different fish consumption habits. As a result of European Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004, the Royal Decree 1420/2006 on the prevention of parasitosis by Anisakis in fishery products supplied by establishments that serve food to final consumers or to communities came into force in Spain. In this study, a prevalence study of Anisakis in Madrid has been conducted to verify the prophylactic effects of the application of the law. Sera from 500 blood donors from the Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (Madrid/2021–2023) were collected, and the levels of anti-Anisakis IgG, IgA, and IgE were analyzed by ELISA, comparing them with those obtained with 110 donors from the Red Cross and the “Gómez Ulla” Central Defense Hospital (Madrid/2001–2002). The percentages of positivity in the 2021–2023 donor group were IgG (13.6%), IgA (13.6%), and IgE (2.2%), while in the 2001–2002 donors they were positive for IgG (15.45%), IgA (14.54%), and IgE (11.65%). A reduction of more than 80% was observed in the prevalence of anti-Anisakis IgE in the healthy population of Madrid, which confirmed the positive effect of RD1420/2006, which was later incorporated into RD1021/2022.

This open-label, two-part, phase Ib drug–drug interaction study investigated whether the pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety profiles of lurbinectedin (LRB), a marine-derived drug, are affected by co-administration of itraconazole (ITZ), a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, in adult patients with advanced solid tumors. In Part A, three patients were sequentially assigned to Sequence 1 (LRB 0.8 mg/m2, 1-h intravenous [IV] + ITZ 200 mg/day oral in Cycle 1 [C1] and LRB alone 3.2 mg/m2, 1 h, IV in Cycle 2 [C2]). In Part B, 11 patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either Sequence 1 (LRB at 0.9 mg/m2 + ITZ in C1 and LRB alone in C2) or Sequence 2 (LRB alone in C1 and LRB + ITZ in C2). Eleven patients were evaluable for PK analysis: three in Part A and eight in Part B (four per sequence). The systemic total exposure of LRB increased with ITZ co-administration: 15% for Cmax, area under the curve (AUC) 2.4-fold for AUC0–t and 2.7-fold for AUC0–∞. Co-administration with ITZ produced statistically significant modifications in the unbound plasma LRB PK parameters. The LRB safety profile was consistent with the toxicities described in previous studies. Co-administration with multiple doses of ITZ significantly altered LRB systemic exposure. Hence, to avoid LRB overexposure when co-administered with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, an LRB dose reduction proportional to CL reduction should be applied.

The identification of surfaceome proteins is a main goal in cancer research to design antibody-based therapeutic strategies. T cell engagers based on KLK2, a kallikrein specifically expressed in prostate cancer (PRAD), are currently in early clinical development. Using genomic information from different sources, we evaluated the immune microenvironment and genomic profile of prostate tumors with high expression of KLK2. KLK2 was specifically expressed in PRAD but it was not significant associated with Gleason score. Additionally, KLK2 expression did not associate with the presence of any immune cell population and T cell activating markers. A mild correlation between the high expression of KLK2 and the deletion of TMPRSS2 was identified. KLK2 expression associated with high levels of surface proteins linked with a detrimental response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including CHRNA2, FAM174B, OR51E2, TSPAN1, PTPRN2, and the non-surface protein TRPM4. However, no association of these genes with an outcome in PRAD was observed. Finally, the expression of these genes in PRAD did not associate with an outcome in PRAD and any immune populations. We describe the immunologic microenvironment on PRAD tumors with a high expression of KLK2, including a gene signature linked with an inert immune microenvironment, that predicts the response to ICIs in other tumor types. Strategies targeting KLK2 with T cell engagers or antibody–drug conjugates will define whether T cell mobilization or antigen release and stimulation of immune cell death are sufficient effects to induce clinical activity.

BackgroundCrisis Resolution Home Treatment (CRHT) seem to offer comparable results to the traditional hospitalization model, at a lower cost and offering greater flexibility and scope. However, in Madrid, its implementation in Mental Health did not occur until the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work we analysed the effectiveness of a mental health CRHT unit promoted during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the degree of satisfaction of patients and their families.Methods90 patients were treated by the CRHT unit in the period between October 2020 and June 2022. All patients met the inclusion criteria: (1) Acute psychopathological decompensation in patients suffering from psychotic disorders, major affective disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, personality disorder and other severe mental disorders causing functional disability, according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria; (2) Ages between 18–90 years old; (3) Living in the urban area of Vallecas, Madrid; and (4) Counting with sufficient social and family support. The effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated with the SF-36 health questionnaire, the caregiver burden with the Zarit questionnaire, and patient satisfaction with a survey specifically designed for this work.Results55 (61.1%) patients completed the SF-36 at baseline and at the end of hospitalization. Statistically significant improvements were observed in the 8 dimensions of the SF-36 (p

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of people around the world. However, its impact on first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate (IR) and the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients who developed FEP during the nine-month period following the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain and to compare these data to the corresponding period in the previous year. We included all patients (n = 220) treated for the first time during these two time periods at three FEP programs in Spain. The IR was 0.42/100,000 person-years during the pandemic vs. 0.54/100,000 in the prior year (p = 0.057). Compared to prior year, women accounted for a significantly higher proportion of FEP patients (46.3% vs. 28%; p = 0.005) during the COVID-19 period. This association was significant on the logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, female: 2.12 [confidence interval 1.17–3.82]; p = 0.014). These data reveal a non-significant trend towards a lower incidence of FEP during the pandemic period. Female sex was associated with a greater risk of developing FEP during the pandemic period, perhaps due to differences between males and females in the susceptibility and expression of psychosis. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of stress-related disorders.

Este trabajo presenta un análisis de las características de los líderes educativos prestando especial atención a los aspectos relacionados con las escuelas situadas en contextos socioeconómicamente desafiantes. El análisis empieza por el estudio de los centros educativos situados en estos contextos desafiantes, explicando cómo son los barrios y cuáles son las características de estos centros educativos según investigaciones previas. En la segunda parte del artículo se presta atención al profesorado y en la última parte se defiende el papel del del liderazgo, especialmente al liderazgo educativo enfocado al que se produce cuando el equipo directivo se encuentra trabajando en escuelas situadas en contextos socioeconómicamente desafiantes, centrándonos en el papel de los líderes y las estrategias que usan en estos espacios. Se cierra el artículo con unas consideraciones finales para reivindicar la importancia de investigar para fomentar el cambio y la mejora educativa de las escuelas situadas en contextos desafiantes y cómo el liderazgo educativo tiene un papel esencial en estos centros.

Background and objectiveDimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an immunomodulatory drug approved for the therapy of multiple sclerosis (MS). The identification of response biomarkers to DMF is a necessity in the clinical practice. With this aim, we studied the immunophenotypic and transcriptomic changes produced by DMF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and its association with clinical response.Material and methodsPBMCs were obtained from 22 RRMS patients at baseline and 12 months of DMF treatment. Lymphocyte and monocyte subsets, and gene expression were assessed by flow cytometry and next-generation RNA sequencing, respectively. Clinical response was evaluated using the composite measure “no evidence of disease activity” NEDA-3 or “evidence of disease activity” EDA-3 at 2 years, classifying patients into responders (n=15) or non-responders (n=7), respectively.ResultsIn the whole cohort, DMF produced a decrease in effector (TEM) and central (TCM) memory T cells in both the CD4+ and CD8+ compartments, followed by an increase in CD4+ naïve T cells. Responder patients presented a greater decrease in TEM lymphocytes. In addition, responder patients showed an increase in NK cells and were resistant to the decrease in the intermediate monocytes shown by non-responders. Responder patients also presented differences in 3 subpopulations (NK bright, NK dim and CD8 TCM) at baseline and 4 subpopulations (intermediate monocytes, regulatory T cells, CD4 TCM and CD4 TEMRA) at 12 months. DMF induced a mild transcriptional effect, with only 328 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after 12 months of treatment. The overall effect was a downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes, chemokines, and activators of the NF-kB pathway. At baseline, no DEGs were found between responders and non-responders. During DMF treatment a differential transcriptomic response was observed, with responders presenting a higher number of DEGs (902 genes) compared to non-responders (189 genes).ConclusionsResponder patients to DMF exhibit differences in monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations and a distinguishable transcriptomic response compared to non-responders that should be further studied for the validation of biomarkers of treatment response to DMF.

IntroductionElevated pulse pressure (ePP) is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people older than 60, and a functional marker of subclinical target organ damage (sTOD) which can predict cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension (HTN), regardless of sTOD.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of ePP in adult population seen in primary care and its association with other vascular risk factors, sTOD and with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Materials and methodsObservational multicentre study conducted in Spain (8,066 patients, 54.5% women) from the prospective cohort study IBERICAN recruited in Primary Care. Pulse pressure (PP) was defined as the difference between the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥60 mmHg. Adjusted (for age and sex) ePP prevalence were determined. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of the possible variables associated with ePP were carried out.ResultsThe mean of PP was 52.35 mmHg, and was significantly higher (p

This open-label, two-way, crossover, phase Ib drug–drug interaction study investigated whether the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and safety profile of lurbinectedin (LRB) are affected by co-administration of a moderate CYP3A4 inducer (bosentan, BOS) in adult patients with advanced solid tumors. Eleven patients were randomly assigned to Sequence 1 (LRB + BOS in Cycle 1 [C1] and LRB alone in Cycle 2 [C2]) or Sequence 2 (LRB alone in C1 and LRB + BOS in C2), and finally, eight patients (four per sequence) were considered evaluable for PK assessment. LRB (3.2 mg/m2, 1 h [h], intravenous) was administered alone or combined with multiple BOS administration (125 mg/12 h oral; 5.5 days). Co-administration with BOS decreased the systemic total exposure (area under the curve, AUC) of LRB by 21% for AUC0–t and 20% for AUC0–∞ and increased clearance by 25%. Co-administration with BOS did not significantly modify the unbound plasma LRB PK parameters. BOS increased the conversion of LRB to its metabolite M1, with no changes on its metabolite M4. The LRB safety profile was consistent with the toxicities previously described for this drug. No differences in terms of toxicity were found between LRB with and without BOS. In summary, the magnitude of the observed changes precludes a clinically relevant effect of BOS co-administration on LRB exposure and its safety profile.

Fingolimod is an immunomodulatory sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) analogue approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The identification of biomarkers of clinical responses to fingolimod is a major necessity in MS to identify optimal responders and avoid the risk of disease progression in non-responders. With this aim, we used RNA sequencing to study the transcriptomic changes induced by fingolimod in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MS-treated patients and their association with clinical response. Samples were obtained from 10 RRMS patients (five responders and five non-responders) at baseline and at 12 months of fingolimod therapy. Fingolimod exerted a vast impact at the transcriptional level, identifying 7155 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to baseline that affected the regulation of numerous signaling pathways. These DEGs were predominantly immune related, including genes associated with S1P metabolism, cytokines, lymphocyte trafficking, master transcription factors of lymphocyte functions and the NF-kB pathway. Responder and non-responder patients exhibited a differential transcriptomic regulation during treatment, with responders presenting a higher number of DEGs (6405) compared to non-responders (2653). The S1P, NF-kB and TCR signaling pathways were differentially modulated in responder and non-responder patients. These transcriptomic differences offer the potential of being exploited as biomarkers of a clinical response to fingolimod.

(−)-cis-α-Ambrinol is a natural product present in ambergris, a substance of marine origin that has been highly valued by perfumers. In this paper, we present a new approach to its total synthesis. The starting material is commercially available α-ionone and the key step is an intramolecular Barbier-type cyclization induced by CpTiCl2, an organometallic compound prepared in situ by a CpTiCl3 reduction with Mn.

Muchos son los autores que consideran la muerte como un tabú en la sociedad actual, pero desconocemos si esa percepción ha sido trasladada hasta la investigación sobre la muerte desde el punto de vista educativo. Para aclarar esta cuestión se plantea una revisión de las publicaciones en la última década en las bases de datos Dialnet y Scopus. Los resultados se analizaron desde un punto de vista cuantitativo y cualitativo en relación a las variables año de publicación, base de datos, modalidad de publicación, título de la revista, colectivo al que va dirigida la investigación, enfoque en relación a la Educación para la Muerte, recurso propuesto y tipo y sentido de la investigación. Los resultados apuntan a la publicación de trabajos sobre la materia de forma mantenida durante el periodo investigado, pero con una desigual presencia en función de que se trate de la base de datos Dialnet de mayor carácter divulgativo, o la base de datos Scopus con una intencionalidad relacionada con los estándares de calidad. Entre las conclusiones se destaca que la Educación para la Muerte no es una moda y mantiene el interés a lo largo de los años. No obstante, el peso que esta temática tiene en las bases de datos es reducido. Se propone la incorporación de perspectivas reflexivas y críticas además de las técnicas prácticas, así como iniciativas activas de difusión de este conocimiento.

One of the most forgotten chapters in the history of ETA has been their involvement in a number of kidnappings, even though they aroused greater citizen response than their murders. This work examines the kidnapping of Julio Iglesias Zamora during the summer of 1993 as the starting point for social mobilization against terrorism. The various initiatives that arouse as a result of this kidnapping allowed the Basque society for the first time to compete both symbolically and physically for the so far ‘abertzale’–owned public spaces thus creating new scenarios which some years later would favor mass demonstrations of the citizenship such as those taking place after the murder of Miguel Angel Blanco.

Enrique Javier Díez Gutiérrez y Juan Ramón Rodríguez Fernández son los directores de "Educación para el Bien Común. Hacia una práctica crítica, inclusiva y comprometida socialmente", una obra extensa de carácter colaborativo y acceso abierto. Díez Gutiérrez, además, también forma parte de los autores de la misma con un apartado denominado "La economía neoliberal asalta la gestión escolar pública".

El artículo presenta una sistematización del proceso de Evaluación Participativa por Protagonistas (EPP) realizado a tres municipios cubanos vinculados al Proyecto de Innovación Agropecuaria Local. La metodología estuvo basada en la Evaluación Participativa del Beneficiario y la Educación Popular, como concepción que valoriza las experiencias locales y el intercambio entre saberes populares y conocimientos científicos. El trabajo muestra los principios que guiaron la evaluación, el proceso metodológico desarrollado, los factores de éxito y las lecciones aprendidas a fin de que pueda multiplicarse esta experiencia evaluativa. Desde el punto de vista metodológico resultó innovadora la formación a los equipos de evaluación municipales conformados por productores/as que fungieron como auténticos investigadores. The article presents a systematization of the Participatory Evaluation by Protagonists (EPP) process carried out to three Cuban municipalities linked to the Local Agricultural Innovation Project. The methodology was based on the Beneficiary's Participatory Assessment, and Popular Education, as a concept that values local experiences and the exchange between popular knowledge and scientific knowledge. The work shows the principles that guided the evaluation, the methodological process developed the factors of success and the lessons learned so that this evaluation experience can be multiplied. From a methodological point of view, the training of municipal evaluation teams made up of producers who acted as real researchers proved to be innovative.

This article, which is part of researches into the recent history of the Basque country, has as fundamental objective realize an approach to the beginnings of the Coordinadora Gesto por la Paz de Euskal Herria, pioneer in the demonstrations against the political violence in the Basque country. The research conducted mainly from newspaper sources allows us to approach the precedents and the early stages of this organization which in the 90s reached nearly 175 groups and was benchmark in social mobilization against terrorism. It is not a history of Gesto por la Paz, but is the history of how was conceived. To conclude, the importance of the social mobilizations that have had in the process towards peace in the Basque country, and the significance of these groups attempting to transmit a message of peace and connivance to transform the violent or uncivil social attitudes are highlighted herein.

KRAS mutation is a confirmed predictive biomarker for anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy response for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, its prognosis impact and the predictive potential for first-line standard chemotherapy remains unclear. On the other hand, V600E mutation is the most frequent and studied mutation in the BRAF gene, and it has been associated with a poor outcome of patients and a low response to anti-EGFR treatment. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the role of KRAS and BRAF mutations as prognosis factors and predictive biomarkers for 1st line standard chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. KRAS mutations and BRAF V600E mutations exhibited a poor outcome (p = 0.021 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Cox multivariate analysis showed that the presence of liver metastasis (HR = 1.595; 95% CI: 1.086−2.343; p = 0.017), KRAS mutation (HR = 1.643; 95% CI: 1.110−2.431; p = 0.013) and BRAF V600E mutation (HR = 5.861; 95% CI: 2.531−13.570; p < 0.0001) were statistically significant co-variables for progression-free survival. Interestingly, patients with KRAS mutations were associated with a poor response to first line standard chemotherapy (p = 0.008). In contrast, the BRAF V600E mutation did not have any impact on the first line standard chemotherapy response (p = 0.540). Therefore, in the present study, we provide new insight on the role of KRAS and BRAF, not only as prognosis biomarkers, but also as first line standard chemotherapy response biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer.

BackgroundFingolimod is a functional sphingosine-1-phosphate antagonist approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Fingolimod affects lymphocyte subpopulations and regulates gene expression in the lymphocyte transcriptome. Translational studies are necessary to identify cellular and molecular biomarkers that might be used to predict the clinical response to the drug. In MS patients, we aimed to clarify the differential effects of fingolimod on T, B, and natural killer (NK) cell subsets and to identify differentially expressed genes in responders and non-responders (NRs) to treatment.Materials and methodsSamples were obtained from relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients before and 6 months after starting fingolimod. Forty-eight lymphocyte subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry based on surface and intracellular marker analysis. Transcriptome sequencing by next-generation technologies was used to define the gene expression profiling in lymphocytes at the same time points. NEDA-3 (no evidence of disease activity) and NEDA-4 scores were measured for all patients at 1 and 2 years after beginning fingolimod treatment to investigate an association with cellular and molecular characteristics.ResultsFingolimod affects practically all lymphocyte subpopulations and exerts a strong effect on genetic transcription switching toward an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response. Fingolimod induces a differential effect in lymphocyte subpopulations after 6 months of treatment in responder and NR patients. Patients who achieved a good response to the drug compared to NR patients exhibited higher percentages of NK bright cells and plasmablasts, higher levels of FOXP3, glucose phosphate isomerase, lower levels of FCRL1, and lower Expanded Disability Status Scale at baseline. The combination of these possible markers enabled us to build a probabilistic linear model to predict the clinical response to fingolimod.ConclusionMS patients responsive to fingolimod exhibit a recognizable distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations and a different pretreatment gene expression signature that might be useful as a biomarker.

Social Justice and Environmental Justice are two strongly intertwined approaches that can be considered only one. In this paper, we address the conceptualization of the term of Social and Environmental Justice, as a whole, based on the review of four main concepts about it and that coexist today: Social and Environmental Justice as Distribution, from the Theory of Capacities, such as Recognition and Participation. Based on these ideas, Social and Environmental Justice is considered as the achievement of the recognition, participation and distribution of material, cultural and environmental resources (both harmful and beneficial) in a full and equitable manner, all under a criterion intragenerational, intergenerational, interspecies and international that allows the development of a dignified life. This concept develops an idea of Education for Social and Environmental Justice which is multidimensional and it's made from four elements: Equitable education, critic education, democratic education and education for sustainable (or environmental) development.

La educación no puede mantenerse al margen de la realidad social y política. Esta frase no es un artículo de fe, sino una idea de constatación sencilla, pues no hay rejas ni ventanas que eviten que la realidad entre al centro con cada persona que accede, con cada integrante que forma parte de la comunidad escolar. La educación es parte de nuestra sociedad y por ello la escuela no puede mantenerse a salvo del problema ambiental. Pero, además, el problema ambiental toca el corazón mismo de la educación porque amenaza la continuidad de la vida y hace que los adultos nos cuestionemos el mundo que dejamos a los más jóvenes, un mundo que alguna vez heredamos más sano y más bello.

El libro titulado “La ciudad y sus docentes: miradas desde el arte y la educación” es una obra publicada en el año 2015, en la ciudad Barcelona por la editorial uoc (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya). En este caso, el autor es Ricard Huerta, profesor en la Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal de la Universidad de Valencia, que también posee una licenciatura en Bellas Artes, así como en Comunicación Audiovisual y, además de un Doctorado en Bellas Artes. Sumado a lo anterior, Huerta es Director del Instituto Universitario de la Creatividad e Innovación Educativa. Al mismo tiempo, es también miembro del grupo de investigación del Observatorio de Educación Patrimonial de España (oepe).

La obra Transforming Teacher Education for Social Justice (La transformación de la formación del profesorado para la justicia social) tiene como objetivo la reflexión crítica de los profesionales que se dedican a la formación del profesorado, ofreciéndoles un acercamiento a la transformación de la misma para la justicia social. Sus autores, Patricia Clark, Eva Zygmunt, Jon Clausen, Wilfridah Mucherah y Susan Tancok (pertenecientes todos a la Universidad Estatal de Ball, Muncie, Estados Unidos), tratan de generar nuevas inquietudes que permitan desarrollar una nueva forma de pensar y de contribuir a la formación de maestros/as y profesores/as: concienciarles y que se desarrollen como educadores/as culturalmente sensibles, un instrumento para la responsabilidad hacia la justicia social.

La estructura hegemónica sobre la que se edifica nuestra sociedad es una prisión. Tal es así que “la cultura en la que vivimos es, quizá, la más claustrofóbica de cuantas han existido antes. En la presente cultura de la globalización, [...] no hay atisbo de ningún otro lugar o de ninguna otra modalidad” (Berger, 1999, p. 3). El capitalismo –presente en todas las esferas sociales– pone en marcha toda la maquinaria a su alcance para la preservación de su modelo de dominación intelectual y cultural a través del tecnicismo neoliberal, presentándose como la opción necesaria, sin posibles alternativas ni esperanza alguna de cambio. Un mundo en llamas carente de horizonte donde instaurar nuevas formas hegemónicas de control y dominación social, no tanto por medio de la coerción como “gracias al consentimiento de la clase subordinada a la autoridad de la clase dominante” (McLaren, 1984, p. 276).

Civic learning, democratic citizenship and the public sphere es una obra colectiva. Está editada por tres importantes investigadores y escrita por dieciocho autores relevantes que se dedican de manera profesional al ámbito social y pedagógico, así como a la investigación en ramas socioeducativas y psicológicas. Su composición se divide en tres partes. La primera parte llamada Teoría que se divide en cuatro capítulos (en los que participan un total de siete autores) y en la que se explica los conceptos del aprendizaje social, la ciudadanía democrática, los Servicios Sociales y su valor educacional, el aprendizaje de la democracia en trabajo social y la socialización por el bien común. la segunda parte se titula Metodología que se encuentra formada por cuatro capítulos (con siete autores aportando en esta parte) cuyo contenido se centra en conocer la presencia de niños en los vecindario, la investigación como respuesta, la investigación-acción y democracia y la investigación educativa en la práctica de comunidades en construcción. Y la última parte cuyo capítulo se llama Investigación ha sido escrito por ocho investigadores en las que se exponen diversas temáticas como el bullying como problema político para la democratización en las escuelas, la experimentación democrática en educación infantil, pedagogías perturbadoras en el cuidado de personas con necesidades Específicas de Apoyo Educativo, dinámicas de aprendizaje para la ciudadanía en políticas públicas y un análisis de la creación de lo público desde una perspectiva educativa.