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What are useful ways to characterize varying employment systems? This article returns to an older idea, Internal Labor Markets (ILMs). The traditional assumption characterized ILMs as the core of the labor market but current thinking argues that ILMs have frayed. Little direct measurement has been carried out, however, and both viewpoints have relied on proxies or case studies. The author utilizes a new survey of employed US workers to provide an estimate of the incidence of ILMs and finds that between 25 and 40% percent of adult workers are in ILMs. The article then elaborates theory regarding the practices of ILMs, a theory grounded in the idea of complementary bundles of human resource practices, and asks what are the correlates of being in an ILM. Findings show that although wages in ILMs are no higher than non-ILM wages, ILMs are positively associated with other aspects of job quality and attitudes across the board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As organizations seek more adaptive workforces, they are increasingly embracing "deconstructed" jobs as an alternative to traditional jobs. In these emerging work structures, jobs are broken down into tasks and projects, and matched with the knowledge, skills, and abilities of workers in the internal labor market. Despite the burgeoning popularity of job deconstruction as a new organizing paradigm—a supposed panacea for rigid organizations and their entrenched employees—our article challenges this oversimplified view. We identify several interdependent, persistent paradoxes inherent in deconstructed jobs, and examine how organizations can navigate their consequences. In balancing the human side of job deconstruction, we propose a way forward that brings workers' experiences into the discussion, advocating guardrails that can shield workers while facilitating productive outcomes and mitigating potential adverse impacts. We conclude by suggesting key directions for future research on job deconstruction as an important new frontier in the study of work and organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to quantify the concept of Industry 5.0, with a focus on human-centricity in the manufacturing sector. Design/methodology/approach: The panel nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag method is applied to assess asymmetry and vulnerability in the food, textile, chemical manufacturing, high-tech and transportation sectors. The robustness of the results is tested using a panel Granger non-causality test and panel vector autoregressive models. Findings: This study finds that financial unions, fair internal markets, gender and youth participation are significant factors for human centricity in the manufacturing sectors. The NARDL results suggest that both the chemical and high-tech industries human participation are insignificant in both the long run and short run. The results of the food industry are significant in both the sort run and the long run. Research limitations/implications: Manufacturing sectors need to create sustainable employment strategies that lead to stable, enduring and satisfying jobs in order to achieve human centricity. Involve skilled workers in important decision-making processes and empower them with technology. Originality/value: This study differed from prior research in several ways. Firstly, it incorporates the social dimension as a control variable in the pursuit of I5.0 implementation across various manufacturing sectors. Secondly, it quantifies the human-centricity aspect of I5.0 within these sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 'asymmetry thesis', articulated by Fritz Scharpf, holds that EU governance is characterised by an asymmetry between positive and negative integration. The EU has well-developed capacities for negative integration but only limited capacities for positive integration. The present paper challenges the orthodoxy that this thesis has become in EU law and political science scholarship. It argues that the asymmetry thesis no longer accurately depicts European integration, revisiting its key legal and institutional assumptions. Taking the internal market as the most likely case to test the thesis, we show that negative integration has become weaker, positive integration has gained in strength, and both developments have had an impact on the substance of EU law and policymaking, which is promoting non-economic concerns and market-correcting policies to a greater extent than it used to. These shifts, so we contend, could be even more pronounced in other areas of European integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although internal labor market theory emphasizes promotions as the main form of mobility within organizations, many internal job moves take people sideways into jobs that are at the same hierarchical level as the one that was left. Despite the prevalence of these lateral moves, however, we have little evidence on what role they play in workers' careers. We argue that lateral mobility can facilitate subsequent career advancement by allowing for the development and demonstration of new skills and can, therefore, help those who would struggle to be promoted from their current job to develop their careers further. We establish empirical evidence on the implications of lateral mobility using eight years of personnel data from a large U.S. healthcare company. Our analyses show that those employees who move laterally are more likely to be subsequently promoted and achieve substantially higher pay growth than a matched sample of employees. We also find that lateral moves are more likely to be undertaken by those who have spent longer in the job but have lower performance than those who are promoted. This pattern of results suggests that lateral mobility provides an important avenue for career growth as people who step sideways in organizations are more likely to subsequently step up. This paper was accepted by Lamar Pierce, organizations. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.03746. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore how corporate diversification influences corporate cash holdings (CCH) in India. It also assesses CCH behavior and its determinants during crisis, stability and recovery periods. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses the system generalized method of moments (System GMM) on 1684 non-financial firms listed on the National Stock Exchange during 2002–2022. Further analyses are carried out for group-affiliated firms based on investment cash flow sensitivity, agency costs and debt capacity. Findings: The findings show that firm diversification (at the group level) results in a roughly 6% fall in cash ratio, thereby implying that diversified firms (diversified business groups) hold lower cash levels than specialized firms. The reduced cash balances are attributed to the financially unconstrained nature of diversified business groups, higher debt capacity, good governance behavior and active internal markets. Additionally, the authors observe a time-varying cash policy for diversified firms, with mean cash holdings being 2% higher during crisis periods. Moreover, the findings reveal that the inverse relationship between diversified firms and CCH is less pronounced for unrelated diversified firms (2% fall in cash ratio) than related diversified firms (5% fall in cash ratio). Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between corporate diversification and CCH in India during both crisis and non-crisis periods. The authors' research uniquely uses System GMM on a large sample and differentiates between related and unrelated diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Wirtschaft und Wettbewerb is the property of Fachmedien Otto Schmidt KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article provides an analysis of the temporal development of interactions within SOLVIT, the European Union's problem-solving internal market network. Adopting an agency-based, rationalist approach, we hypothesize that temporal development depends on cross-border interdependence, institutional homogeneity, SOLVIT centre caseload and Brexit. Testing these hypotheses, we control for members' resources, perceptions of SOLVIT and endogenous network dynamics. The ensuing model is tested using stochastic actor-oriented models on interactions in 2011 and 2018, thus yielding a panel-data analysis. Our main finding is that SOLVIT interactions are remarkably stable over time. This is mostly due to the strong effect of interdependence, which is rather constant over time. Strikingly, we find no effect for institutional homogeneity, case load and Brexit. In sum, our analysis reveals that European Administrative Networks can develop into stable patterns of interactions, driven by rather structural features of interdependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internal simulation market system can stimulate employee initiative, reduce costs and improve information processing efficiency. However, the complexity of the internal simulation market poses a challenge to computing resources. Efficient data processing techniques are crucial for internal simulation market systems. In this paper, the internal simulation market model and the value chain theory are first put forward. Second, the internal simulation market construction within power grid enterprises is proposed. Then we propose a data mining-based collaborative fusion and processing method for multi-value chain quantitative data in power grid internal simulation markets to conduct data processing, including data fusion, abnormal data elimination and data dimensionality reduction, thereby improving the accuracy of information processing and data sharing. Finally, we validate the superior performance of the proposed method through simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The harmonisation of the internal market is a fundamental aspect of the EU acquis , and the Digital Markets Act (DMA) is no exception. It aims to harmonise digital markets across the Union on the basis of the concepts of contestability and fairness. The DMA is enforced through a quasi - centralised enforcement system, with the European Commission as its sole enforcer and national competition authorities (NCAs) playing a secondary and supporting role in monitoring. The EC's centralisation of enforcement powers is key to ensuring harmonisation. This paper highlights the potential risks at the national level due to NCA involvement in the enforcement and monitoring of the DMA. While the Regulation does not need to be transposed into national law to be effective, some Member States have introduced legislation specifying which authorities are responsible for enforcement and how they should apply their powers in line with the DMA. The paper examines these legislative developments, revealing potential deviations that undermine the effective enforcement of the DMA and disrupting its current centralised enforcement system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RPA's potential for efficiency improvement highly recommends the analysis of its applicability to the organizations' processes. This paper analyses the value of RPA as its impact on the main activity groups in the value chain: Procurement, Internal Operations and Marketing and Sales. The analysis of RPA's contribution for each of the activity groups addresses a research question through an exploratory approach: "How does RPA create value for organizations and which RPA features are critical for such value creation?". The data was collected through interviews, analyzed using content analysis, and shows that RPA has impacts on both downstream and internal dimensions. Regarding upstream dimension further research is required to ascertain RPA's potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research study investigated the significance of internal marketing (IM) to enhance faculty innovative behavior (FIB) and faculty engagement (FE) in higher education (HE). Furthermore, the mediation of FE in the association between IM and FIB has been investigated. Three hundred teachers from three major public sector universities in union territory (Jammu and Kashmir) in India have been contacted to gather responses. The study contributes in numerous ways to the literature—dimensions of IM have a significant and positive impact on FIB in the HE sector. FE significantly mediated the effect of IM and its dimensions on FIB. This study also enlarged the scope of social exchange theory by using it from faculty perspectives in HE. Furthermore, the study has made an attempt to modify the scale to measure constructs for making them suitable in the HE sectors. Research findings offer numerous suggestions for administrators in HE institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Günümüzün bilimsel ve teknolojik ilerlemeyle hızla gelişen ortamı, yoğun pazar rekabetini yönetebilmek için pazarlama stratejilerinde köklü değişimler gerektirmektedir. Çalışanları iç müşteri olarak kabul eden içsel pazarlama, onların iş memnuniyetini ve motivasyonunu artırmada çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu da dış müşterilere üstün hizmet sunma potansiyelini artırarak iç müşteri memnuniyetinin kritik önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, içsel pazarlama ve iç müşteri memnuniyeti üzerine yapılan önceki araştırmaları inceleyerek bu alanları etkileyen faktörleri araştırmaktadır. Kars'taki çağrı merkezi çalışanları arasında yapılan bir anket, içsel pazarlama ve iç müşteri memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemiştir. SPSS 22 dahil olmak üzere istatistiksel metodolojiler kullanılarak 306 yanıt üzerinde yapılan nicel analiz, içsel pazarlama çabaları ile iç müşteri memnuniyeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu durum, içsel pazarlamanın çalışan memnuniyetinin artırılması ve dış müşterilere hizmet sunumunun iyileştirilmesindeki önemli rolünün altını çizmektedir.

Purpose – The current study investigated the effect of internal marketing practices, specifically the training and rewards system, on job satisfaction, affective commitment and employee turnover intention. Design/methodology/approach – Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted on a sample of 288 responses from employees working in different organizations and diverse industries in Morocco. Findings – The findings revealed that internal marketing positively affected employee job satisfaction and affective commitment and negatively affected employee turnover intention. Practical implications – The current investigation extends our understanding of the effects of internal marketing practices, especially training and rewards, on an emerging country context and contributes to the organizational behavior and management field. The results may be of interest to organizations and managers who should consider the importance of internal marketing in enhancing job satisfaction, affective commitment and decreasing employee turnover intention. Originality/value – The current study is the first of its kind to investigate the impact of internal marketing practices on job satisfaction, affective commitment and employee turnover intention in Morocco.

Purpose: For developing and testing service-dominant logic (SDL)-based midrange theories of marketing, the operationalization of SDL into the managerial concept of service-dominant orientation (SDO) and its measures is imperative. However, existing scales found in the literature are insufficient and incomplete. This study aims to develop and validate an alternative firm-based scale for measuring SDO. Design/methodology/approach: The established procedure for scale development was adopted which comprised three phases. First, a mix of qualitative study and literature deduction was applied to conceptualize and define SDO. Second, based on quantitative data (Study 1, N= 228 cases), scale development and refinement were undertaken. Finally, another data set (Study 2, N = 379 cases) was used to validate the scale. Findings: SDO is defined as a set of managerial principles that govern all marketing processes and activities of a firm at strategic and operational levels so that they conform to SDL tenets. It is a second-order construct comprising four dimensions: customer solution, customer interaction, customer co-creation and system-based orientation. The suggested scale consists of 15 reflective items in total. Originality/value: This SDO scale is viewed from and assessed by a firm's strategic managers which covers all internal and external marketing aspects of the firm's operation. It is different from a customer perspective or cultural perspective as used in the scales existing in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing global competitiveness of university admissions has propelled the need to understand the critical factors underlying students’ loyalty. Although extensive research has been conducted on student loyalty, it focuses predominantly on student-centric activities, targeting only inward-looking measures aimed at students. In the corporate context, employees are considered the “second audience” for external marketing promotions, and the impact of these promotions on employee job satisfaction has been well researched. However, in the university context, little is known about how external policies affect student loyalty. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the influence of both inward- and outward-looking activities on student loyalty in Japanese universities. An online survey was conducted for 1,000 Japanese university students. The results of applying structural equation modeling to the survey data confirm the positive effect of inward-looking measures on student loyalty. Significant effects were found for lectures (β = 0.670, p-value < 0.000) and job hunting (β = 0.250, p-value < 0.000), while campuses also showed a positive effect (β = 0.148, p-value = 0.039). Among outward-looking measures, only celebrity endorsements contributed positively to loyalty (β = 0.136, p-value = 0.026), while sports and digital channel promotions had negative effects, contrary to expectations. This may be attributed to the reliance of sports on wins and losses and digital channel promotions often inducing feelings of envy when students observe others’ successes. Therefore, when university policymakers implement measures to strengthen their external brands, they must consider their impact on enrolled students.

Under EU law, state aid is in principle prohibited to ensure fair competition within the internal market. The European Commission reviews proposed state aid schemes submitted by Member States and issues administrative guidelines to lead the process. This paper focuses on the legal effects of state aid guidelines, particularly in relation to the energy transition and the Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework adopted during the 2022 energy crisis. The Courts have reasoned that state aid guidelines are only binding on the Commission, as Member States are not obligated to adopt any state aid schemes. However, this article argues that state aid guidelines are often closely linked to policy objectives of the European Union and should not be considered in isolation. The connections between administrative guidelines and other regulations raises important questions about the Commission's role in ensuring fair competition through state aid control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of European Union (EU) regulations often hampers effective policy implementation in the member states. However, little is known about how these diverse states navigate and apply the complex rules in practice, and with what consequences. This study addresses this gap by examining how the 2014 EU public procurement directives impacted procurement practices across the Union. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find that the EU's goals of harmonisation and competition were undermined in practice. First, we observe a rise in single-bid contracts across EU countries compared to non-EU countries, undermining competition. Second, we demonstrate a growing divergence in policy implementation, where member states with varying administrative capacities and corruption risks display different rates of single bids. Third, we show that while a few Eastern European countries with poor procurement records embraced the flexibility to award contracts based on the most economically advantageous tender, Nordic countries largely avoided this flexibility. This divergence raises concerns that the new EU rules have brought about new corruption risks. These findings have important implications, underscoring the unintended consequences of expanding complex and flexible regulations, revealing that efforts to harmonise the internal market can backfire, leading to increased differentiated policy implementation across the member states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitalisation of the economy increases the vulnerability of both economies in the EU and the US, as does its transborder dimension. Cyber policy has evolved over time on both sides of the Atlantic. The EU began initially to emphasise cybercrime regulation but its focus upon cybersecurity now dominates, similar to the US. The internal market has evolved as a rationale for regulation in the EU and to similar effect a market-led approach dominates in the US. While in the EU a comprehensive cybersecurity law has been adopted, the US lacks a uniform federal cybersecurity law. Despite many domestic divergences, there is considerable similarity between the US and the EU. Substantively, these divergences have not inhibited convergence. Geopolitical considerations as to cyber have accelerated an ongoing process, driven by the transborder nature of cyber security and the global leadership of the EU and the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Critical Raw Materials Law, in force since May 2024, constitutes a comprehensive response to the challenges of the supply chain of critical raw materials, to improve the single internal market, circularity and sustainability, streamlining the procedures for granting permits for critical projects, while seeking to ensure a high level of protection and environmental protection. The focus of this work is on the different environmental mandates for both the Commission and the Member States that will require an enormous effort, in a regulatory context of very strict environmental limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Professional Business Review (JPBReview) is the property of Open Access Publications LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses the context of the first Brazilian antitrust law, between 1930 and 1945. Its goal is to clarify how the 'popular economy'—a constitutional and legal concept of the time—functioned as a protective instrument for the internal market. The study explores the hypothesis that the legislation was directed at foreign economic power, already embedded in national economic structures at the time. The research demonstrates that the antitrust legislation arose not only to control prevailing economic power but also to provide meaning to it within the framework of the Estado Novo and its intent to reformulate the internal market. Furthermore, this article highlights the influence of constitutional and administrative doctrines in this movement, indicating how the antitrust system was modulated on liberal bases, assuming the curious figure of a strong State subsidiary to the private sector. The work demonstrates that, aside from the question of supply, a crisis in the insurance policy market throughout 1938 was crucial to drafting the first antitrust law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the agreement on the importance of internal marketing, the central dogma that it creates value for employees which will incite employees to in turn create value for their organization and customers lacks empirical verification and remains a contentious issue. Two separate multisource-multilevel datasets are used to illuminate the effects of hotel property department-level internal marketing (process-focused) climate on a positive, key organizationally relevant psychological outcome (i.e., perceived organizational support) and a positive, key organizationally relevant behavioral outcome (i.e., organizational citizenship behavior), which in turn engender hotel property department effectiveness and competitive excellence, respectively. Moreover, the results suggest that organizational citizenship behavior is a linchpin in the explication and illustration of the effects of hotel property department/unit internal marketing climate on hotel property department/unit effectiveness and competitive excellence. By doing so, we provide a comprehensive model that underscores the impacts of internal marketing climate on crucial employee, organization/unit, and customer outcomes in the hospitality industry. Implications, limitations of the current inquiry, and avenues for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Freedom to provide services is specific in relation to rest of the fundamental freedoms of the European Union (EU) internal market in a way that, save for certain specific situations, it applies to cross-border activities of a commercial nature only in situations in which (provisions regulating) other freedoms are not applicable. Apparently, this so-called "residual nature" of the freedom to provide services makes understanding the borderlines between free provision of services and the rest of fundamental freedoms of the EU internal market even more important, since it causes additional need for establishing such difference in various situations. This article aims to provide additional guidance in that regard. It does so primarily in the context of the ratione materiae scope of application, by scrutinizing some of the most relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and offering corresponding comments and conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

European administrative networks (EANs) are an increasingly prominent form of European Union (EU) governance. Although these networks are typically portrayed as important and flexible forms of organization, we lack knowledge of their temporal dimension, including their development in times of crisis. This paper provides a first analysis of network interaction as it unfolds before and during times of severe crisis for the EU internal market. Specifically, we examine interactions in the EU internal market network SOLVIT. This network offers member states both a formalized procedure for the bilateral resolution of cases of alleged misapplication of EU law, and an informal network for general discussions on internal market topics and SOLVIT‐related matters beyond specific case‐resolution. Based on unique three‐wave survey data, we develop a continuous‐time model (stochastic actor‐oriented model) to analyze the evolution of SOLVIT's informal interactions over time. In explaining these developments, we reflect on the importance of two crises: the exit of a central SOLVIT member (the United Kingdom), which drove informal interactions to a great extent, and COVID‐19, which led to great sudden uncertainty and challenges for the implementation of internal market law. Our results show that the network is remarkably stable and despite, or rather because of, these crises, has become denser over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore how business groups use internal labour markets (ILMs) in response to changing economic conditions. We show that following the exit of a large industry competitor, group-affiliated firms expand, and gain market share by increasing their reliance on the ILM to ensure swift hiring, especially of technical managers and skilled blue collar workers. The ability to take advantage of this shock to growth opportunities is greater in firms with closer access to their affiliates' human capital, as geographical proximity facilitates employee relocations across units. Overall, our findings point to the ILM as a prominent mechanism making affiliation with a business group valuable at times of change. For the ILM to perform its role in the face of industry shocks, group sectoral diversification must be combined with geographical proximity between affiliates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the use of digital services is indispensable to the daily activity of businesses or end users. Digital services and online platforms contribute to the internal market by opening new business opportunities, increasing industry competitiveness, and widening consumer choice. While digital services have contributed to boosting innovation and developing new business models, a few online platforms act as gatekeepers by controlling a large digital market, likely leading to unfair practices and conditions for business users and end users. Against this background, this paper discusses the rationale and the necessity for regulating digital technology development in the digital market. It analyses the EU's approach to adapting competition policy for the digital age. This paper argues that the Digital Markets Act will undoubtedly impact business models in the digital market and regulatory framework at the national level. However, its fundamental success will depend on whether the Commission has the appropriate tools to address the development of new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The public debt expresses the sum of the amounts borrowed by the central public administration, territorial administrative units and other public entities from natural or legal persons (in the internal market and on the external market) and remaining to be repaid at a given time. The amount of public debt is a fundamental indicator for the sustainability of a country's public finances. If public debt is at a very high level, as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), it may signal difficulties in meeting financial obligations, which can lead to economic instability. In this article we intend to analyse the structure and evolution of the public debt of Romania motivated by the fact that lately it is recording a significant increase. In the first part of the paper, we clarified some theoretical aspects regarding public debt by presenting the notion, forms and indicators of appreciation of public debt. In the second part of the paper, we conducted the analysis of the evolution and structure of the public debt of Romania based on the official data available on the website of the Ministry of Finance, Public Debt Section. We note that in the period 2017-30 April 2024, public debt increased almost threefold and gross domestic product doubled. So economic growth has not kept pace with the growth of public debt. Alarming is not necessarily the size of the public debt or the percentage it holds in gross domestic product. Most countries use loans to finance various public expenditures. What we should worry about in Romania is the lack of balance and fiscal discipline that the governors of our country show year after year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between internal marketing practices applied to employees to gain an advantage in today's competitive environment and the variables of person-organisation fit, perception of organisational justice, and intrapreneurship. The research was conducted with the participation of 658 customer relations employees of a company serving in the telecommunications sector. While significant effects of training-development, wage-rewarding, empowerment, and internal communication dimensions were found in the effect of internal marketing on person-organisation fit, the effect of flexible working was not found. As the mediating effect of distribution justice on the effect of internal marketing on person-organisation fit; while the mediating effect was found in the dimensions of wage-reward, empowerment, and flexible working, it was not found in the dimensions of training-development and internal communication. As the moderating effect of intrapreneurship on the effect of internal marketing on person-organisation fit; the moderating effect was found in the dimensions of internal communication and flexible working, while the moderating effect was not found in the dimensions of training-development, wage-reward, and empowerment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manuscript discusses the evolution and some relevant legal issues pertaining to the legal figure of reverse factoring, focusing, in particular, on the European context. In the first place, while developing a comparative analysis of some important national regulatory settings, the paper aims to investigate how different contract laws, through the combination of general principles and special provisions, attempt to address critical issues and potential abuses connected to the use of reverse factoring schemes, such as, most notably, the coercion of parties into entering such schemes. On the other hand, the elements drawn from the comparative analysis are meant to be framed within the dimension of EU law, in order to reconstruct potential regulatory hypotheses and solutions at the EU level, also in the light of fairness concerns which, in the EU internal market and especially from the side of Small and Medium Enterprises, arise from the widespread use of reverse factoring, mostly revolving around exploitation of small-sized suppliers by powerful buyers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista CEA is the property of Revista CEA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An extensive empirical literature shows the important role that information sources have on firm innovation. However, there is scarce evidence on the different typologies of between technological and non‐technological innovations and their expectations. We investigate how the wide number of information sources affect the propensity to innovate and its future expectations. At the methodological level, we apply a multivariate Probit to the Innovation Survey of Chilean companies (2013–2016). Our results show that internal information sources, suppliers, clients and the Internet are significantly associated with the development of technological and non‐technological innovations. Social innovations are affected only by internal and by market (primarily from consultancy firms) sources of information. Finally, internal information sources and the Internet affect firms' expectations to innovate. Our results indicate the importance of different information flows and how they may drive the generation of innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the effect of internal marketing on organisational objectives. To determine this, the study establishes the effect of organisational value exchange on organisational objectives; determines the rate of organisational internal communication on organisational objectives and examines the effect of training and development on organisational objectives. The analysis of the internal marketing tools in the study showed that a variety of internal marketing tools has led the company (Nigerian Breweries Plc) to achieve its organisational objectives. To sustain this achievement, there is a need to pay attention towards internal customers (employees). A simple random technique was adopted to select 155 employees of Nigerian Breweries, Lagos. Correlation analysis was adopted to determine the relationship between internal marketing variables (Value exchange, Internal Communication and Training & Development) and organisational objectives (performance). The result reveals the value of the correlation coefficient to be less than the standard 0.05 at a 5% significance level, this depicts that internal communication has a positive impact on the organisational objectives of companies in Nigeria. This results in tandem with the findings of Gordon & Wakibi (2019) that internal marketing and job satisfaction are positively and statistically significantly associated with quality health service delivery. The study concludes that the role of internal communication, value exchange and training and development among employees in manufacturing companies should be given utmost attention since employees need the exchange of information to drive the marketing capabilities of the organisation, identify and merge the values of the organisation with the values of the staff to maximize efficiency on the market drive and offer quality marketing training and development for the employees to gain competitive advantage and capture the large market within a short period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: Drawing on the theoretical underpinnings of job crafting, this study aims to investigate how and when internal marketing orientation (IMO) promotes employees' positive word of mouth (PWOM). Design/methodology/approach: The two-wave, multisource data came from frontline employees and their supervisors in a hotel located in Eastern China. The hypothesized relationships were tested with Mplus with multilevel path analysis. Findings: The results reveal that IMO encourages frontline employees to change the task, cognitive and relational boundaries of their jobs. Nevertheless, it is through relational crafting that IMO ultimately affects employees' PWOM, especially when they work with supervisors high in felt responsibility for constructive change (FRCC). Research limitations/implications: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is one of the first studies to investigate how organizations and supervisors can work together to encourage frontline employees' PWOM. Practical implications: The findings carry important implications for practitioners on how to encourage frontline employees' PWOM in the service sector. Originality/value: First, this research adds to the limited knowledge of how organizations and supervisors can work together to promote frontline employees' PWOM in the service sector. Second, by proposing job crafting as a key intermediary mechanism underlying IMO's impact on employee PWOM, this research not only offers a new theoretical perspective to understand how to promote frontline employees' PWOM but also sheds new light on the underlying mechanisms through which IMO exerts its influence on frontline employees. Third, supervisors' FRCC as a boundary condition of IMO can help service organizations more effectively capitalize on IMO to motivate frontline employees' engagement in job crafting and subsequent PWOM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study to address the purposeful question for the managers and researchers is how organizational resources through mobile marketing (M-marketing) capabilities can improve sales performance of organizations. The study considered training, internal marketing, organizational culture and product-related knowledge as organizational resources that enhance perceived sales performance through different M-marketing capabilities like accessibility, cost saving and quick decision making. This research incorporated dynamic capability and resource-based view (RBV) theories to construct the research model. 396 responses were received from SMEs employees from ten big cities of Pakistan and structure equation modelling used to examine the research model. Findings showed that the organizational resources (training, internal marketing, organizational culture and product-related knowledge) and M-marketing capabilities (accessibility, cost saving and quick decision making) significantly impacted the PSP. M-marketing capabilities significantly partially mediate among the relationships of organizational resources and PSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's fast-moving world of information technology (IT), software professionals are crucial for a company's success. However, they frequently experience low motivation as a result of competitive pressures, unclear incentives, and communication gaps. This underscores the critical need to handle these internal marketing challenges such as employee motivation, development, and engagement in IT organizations. Internal marketing practices aiming at attracting, engaging, and inspiring employees to use excellent services have become increasingly important. Internal marketing is attracting, engaging, and motivating employees as internal customers to utilize their quality services. Gamification has emerged as a significant trend over recent years. Despite the expanding use of gamification in the workplace, there is still a lack of focus on internal marketing tactics that incorporate gamification approaches. Thus, addressing the challenges related to employee motivation, development, and engagement is crucial. Therefore, as a principal contribution, this research presents a comprehensive framework designed to implement gamified solutions for software teams of IT organizations. This framework has been tailored to effectively address the challenges posed by internal marketing by optimizing motivation, development, and engagement. Moreover, the framework is applied to design and implement a gamified work portal (GWP) through a systematic process, including the design of low-fidelity and high-fidelity prototypes. Additionally, the GWP is validated through a quasi-experiment involving IT professionals from different IT organizations to authenticate the effectiveness of framework. Finally, the outclass results obtained by the gamification-based GWP highlight the effectiveness of the proposed gamification approach in enhancing development, motivation, and engagement while fostering ongoing knowledge of the employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To explore the heterogeneity of development differences and driving factors in the tourism dual-circulation market, this issue uses the Super-DEA algorithm to measure the efficiency of the tourism industry within and outside the 31 provinces in China, and investigates the spatiotemporal evolution of tourism dual circulation market efficiency by using conditional kernel density method and GIS spatial analysis. Through the Geodetector tool, we analyze the differences in the driving factors of tourism internal and external market. The results showed that: (1) In terms of static spatial structure, the difference in tourism market efficiency inside and outside China presents a regional segmentation phenomenon, with smaller differences in the east and the largest differences in the central region. (2) In terms of dynamic spatial evolution, the gravity center of tourism internal and external market efficiency is shifting to the southwest, and there appears a polarization phenomenon between low-efficiency areas and high-efficiency areas. (3) In terms of driving factors, factors at the product supply level are key to promoting efficient development in both domestic and international markets. Tourism products and supporting facilities play an important role in both markets. At the government behavior guidance level, the role of marketization and information technology in promoting the external circulation market is greater than that of the internal circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal marketing has been developed in various forms in all types of organizations. Mainly, internal marketing has been studied as a motivational strategy in service companies. Goods manufacturing industries have not benefited much from the use of internal marketing in strengthening employees’ extra-role behaviors. Customer orientation is one of the extra-role behaviors of employees, which in turn is the source of value for internal and external customers. When we follow the internal process segmentation approach, the organization is divided into a set of internal suppliers and internal customers. In this case, it becomes important to study the customer-oriented behavior of employees in the exchanges within the organization. To ensure the implementation of internal marketing in manufacturing organizations, in a way that best meets the needs of these organizations, it was necessary to conduct a study specific to manufacturing industries; a study that included the identification of internal marketing components with a customeroriented approach. The purpose of the current research was to identify and introduce the dimensions of internal marketing with a customer-oriented approach of employees in manufacturing industries. This is sequential mixed research in the inductive paradigm that was conducted in qualitative-quantitative phases. Its purpose is practical and its nature is exploratory. The data collection of the qualitative phase was carried out during semi-structured interviews that continued until theoretical saturation, and finally 15 experts and managers of manufacturing industries and university professors in the field of management participated in it. Qualitative phase analysis was done with them analysis approach using MAXQDA software. In the quantitative part, the fuzzy Delphi questionnaire was used to reach the consensus of the expert group on the dimensions identified in the qualitative phase. The results indicate the extraction of internal marketing dimensions with a customer-oriented approach in comprehensive themes (individual factors of employees and managers, organizational factors, motivational factors) and in 9 organizational themes, 1- Demographic characteristics 2- Organizational citizenship behavior of employees and managers 3- Managers’ support 4- Internal communication 5- participatory management 6- Promotion of customer-oriented culture 7- Employee job security 8- Job satisfaction 9- Appreciation and 44 basic themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]