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1. Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author

Chloé Fougères, Francois de Oliveira Santos, Jordi Jose, Caterina Michelagnoli, Emmanuel Clément, Yung Hee Kim, Antoine Lemasson, Valdir Guimaraes, Diego Barrientos, Daniel Bemmerer, Giovanna Benzoni, Andrew Boston, Roman Bottger, Florent Boulay, Angela Bracco, Igor Celikovic, Bo Cederwall, Michal Ciemala, Clement Delafosse, Cesar Domingo-Pardo, Jeremie Dudouet, Jurgen Eberth, Zsolt Fulop, Vicente Gonzalez, Johan Goupil, Herbert Hess, Andrea Jungclaus, Ayse Kaşkaş, Amel Korichi, Silvia Lenzi, Silvia Leoni, Hongjie Li, Joa Ljungvall, Araceli Lopez-Martens, Roberto Menegazzo, Daniele Mengoni, Benedicte Million, Jaromir Mrazek, Daniel Napoli, Alahari Navin, Johan Nyberg, Zsolt Podolyak, Alberto Pullia, Begona Quintana, Damien Ralet, Nadine Redon, Peter Reiter, Kseniia Rezynkina, Frédéric Saillant, Marie-Delphine Salsac, Angel Sánchez-Benítez, Enrique Sanchis, Menekse Senyigit, Marco Siciliano, Nadezda Smirnova, Dorottya Sohler, mihai stanoiu, Christophe Theisen, Jose Javier Valiente-Dobon, Predrag Ujic, Madalena Zielinska, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de São Paulo (IFUSP), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), CERN [Genève], Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), University of Liverpool, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade (VINCA), Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Kernphysik der Universität zu Köln, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Physics Department, Ankara University, Ankara University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Universidad de Salamanca, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CEAFMC, University of Huelva, Laboratoire de Physique des Deux Infinis Bordeaux (LP2I - Bordeaux), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, IFIN-HH Bucharest, ANR-17-CE31-0026,OASIS,Optimisation d'Agata pour la physique(2017), and European Project: 212692,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2007-1,SPIRAL2PP(2007)

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics and Astronomy, astro-ph.SR, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), nucl-ex, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Na remains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The $^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In the present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mg states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced in novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2022

2. Obstructions for matroids of path-width at most k and graphs of linear rank-width at most k

Author

Kant��, Mamadou Moustapha, Kim, Eun Jung, Kwon, O-joung, Oum, Sang-il, Kim, Eunjung, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes (LIMOS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire d'analyse et modélisation de systèmes pour l'aide à la décision (LAMSADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Incheon National University, Department of Mathematical Sciences, KAIST, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS)

Subjects
Mathematics of computing ��� Graph theory, path-width, linear rank-width, [INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM], graph, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Theoretical Computer Science, forbidden minor, Computational Theory and Mathematics, vertex-minor, FOS: Mathematics, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, matroid, Mathematics - Combinatorics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Combinatorics (math.CO), pivot-minor, 05B35 (Primary), 05C75 (Secondary)
Abstract

Every minor-closed class of matroids of bounded branch-width can be characterized by a list of excluded minors, but unlike graphs, this list may need to be infinite in general. However, for each fixed finite field $\mathbb F$, the list needs to contain only finitely many $\mathbb F$-representable matroids, due to the well-quasi-ordering of $\mathbb F$-representable matroids of bounded branch-width under taking matroid minors [J. F. Geelen, A. M. H. Gerards, and G. Whittle (2002)]. But this proof is non-constructive and does not provide any algorithm for computing these $\mathbb F$-representable excluded minors in general. We consider the class of matroids of path-width at most $k$ for fixed $k$. We prove that for a finite field $\mathbb F$, every $\mathbb F$-representable excluded minor for the class of matroids of path-width at most $k$ has at most $2^{|\mathbb{F}|^{O(k^2)}}$ elements. We can therefore compute, for any integer $k$ and a fixed finite field $\mathbb F$, the set of $\mathbb F$-representable excluded minors for the class of matroids of path-width $k$, and this gives as a corollary a polynomial-time algorithm for checking whether the path-width of an $\mathbb F$-represented matroid is at most $k$. We also prove that every excluded pivot-minor for the class of graphs having linear rank-width at most $k$ has at most $2^{2^{O(k^2)}}$ vertices, which also results in a similar algorithmic consequence for linear rank-width of graphs., 19 pages; slightly revised

Published
2021
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3. Current-controlled magnetization using interfacial localizations in heterostructures

Author

Younghun Jo, Wilfrid Prellier, Prahallad Padhan, Eui-Young Choi, Byeong Kook Park, Seung-Young Park, Jiwon Seo, Seok Hyeon Hong, Byeong Cheol Min, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Yonsei University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), and Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)

Subjects
Materials science, Magnetoresistance, Magnetism, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Matrix (mathematics), Magnetization, Antiferromagnetism, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Interfacial localization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed matter physics, Heterojunction, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Interface, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic inhomogeneity, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Magnetic field, Ferromagnetism, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Current-controlled magnetization, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; A systematic study is conducted on an electrically controlled magnetization in tri-layers containing two layers of ferromagnetic (FM) SrRuO3, with antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating manganites sandwiched in between. Magneto-resistance curves exhibit that a huge weak anti-localization or localization shapes around zero magnetic field and the localization shapes and coercive fields change simultaneously by currents. This results propose that interface-driven magnetic inhomogeneity such as the FM clusters embedded in the AFM matrix, and corresponding localizations play a role as a bridge between the current and magnetism. The results suggest that interfacial magnetism can cause new functions in a heterostructure, leading to an expansion of research subjects of current-controlled magnetism.

Published
2021
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4. J eff = 3 2 metallic phase and unconventional superconductivity in GaTa 4 Se 8

Author

Jeong, Min Yong, Chang, Seo Hyoung, Lee, Hyeong Jun, Sim, Jae-Hoon, Lee, Kyeong Jun, Janod, Etienne, Cario, Laurent, Said, Ayman, Bi, Wenli, Werner, Philipp, Go, Ara, Kim, Jungho, Han, Myung Joon, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Chung-Ang University [Seoul], Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), University of Fribourg, and Chonnam National University [Gwangju]

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021
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5. A pulsed high-voltage decelerator system to deliver low-energy antiprotons

Author

Valery Nesvizhevsky, K.-H. Yoo, J.-M. Reymond, P. Comini, B. Latacz, F. Nez, Alexei Voronin, Laurent Hilico, L. Dodd, P.-P. Crépin, M. Staszczak, B.H. Kim, Giuseppe Mornacchi, Jean-Philippe Karr, A. M. M. Leite, G. Janka, N. Garroum, S. Procureur, J.J. Choi, J.-Y. Roussé, J. Rzadkiewicz, Paul Indelicato, Hyo-Suk Lee, Pierre Cladé, M. Matusiak, B. Tuchming, T. Kosinski, P. Debu, Yasunori Yamazaki, Sun-Whe Kim, Eun-San Kim, A. Welker, Paolo Crivelli, M. Charlton, M. Chung, A. Husson, S. Wronka, S. Wolf, B. Vallage, O. D. Dalkarov, Y. Sacquin, C. Regenfus, S. Guellati-Khélifa, Naofumi Kuroda, R. Nishi, Serge Reynaud, Jaison Lee, S. Nourbaksh, Young Ju Ko, A. Douillet, Paul-Antoine Hervieux, D. Lunney, N. Paul, K. Lévêque, Giovanni Manfredi, P. Lotrus, P. Pérez, O. Rousselle, Bruno Mansoulie, E. Lim, Laszlo Liszkay, Svante Jonsell, K.H. Park, S. Niang, Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler, André Rubbia, D. P. van der Werf, D. Won, B. Radics, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), CERN [Genève], Swansea University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics [ETH Zürich] (IPA), Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (LPI RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stockholm University, Korea University [Seoul], Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), National Centre for Nuclear Research [Otwock], Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (NCBJ), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), ILL, and Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Drift tube, General Relativity, Ion-optic simulations, CERN Lab, drift tube, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Charged-particle optics, fabrication, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, anti-p: deceleration, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, synchrotron, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Antihydrogen, numerical calculations, Instrumentation, accelerator: design, Physics, antihydrogen, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High voltage, Charged particle, Synchrotron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Pulse (physics), beam optics, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

International audience; The GBAR (Gravitational Behavior of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN requires efficient deceleration of 100 keV antiprotons provided by the new ELENA synchrotron ring to synthesize antihydrogen. This is accomplished using electrostatic deceleration optics and a drift tube that is designed to switch from -99 kV to ground when the antiproton bunch is inside – essentially a charged particle “elevator” – producing a 1 keV pulse. We describe the simulation, design, construction and successful testing of the decelerator device at -92 kV on-line with antiprotons from ELENA.

Published
2021
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6. Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions

Author

Arthur M. Butt, Elena Galea, Richard M. Ransohoff, Raymond A. Swanson, Eduardo R. Zimmer, Christopher M. Norris, Gilles Bonvento, Andras Lakatos, Philip G. Haydon, Wei Ting Chen, Christine R. Rose, Alexey Semyanov, Nicola J. Allen, Anna V. Molofsky, Javier Vitorica, Seiji Okada, Alfonso Araque, Antonia Gutierrez, Masamitsu Iino, Alberto Serrano-Pozo, Vittorio Gallo, C. Justin Lee, Magdalena Götz, Baljit S. Khakh, Christian Steinhäuser, Bart De Strooper, Stéphane H. R. Oliet, Andrea Volterra, Swetlana Sirko, Kira E. Poskanzer, Michael V. Sofroniew, Giorgio Carmignoto, Elly M. Hol, Frank W. Pfrieger, Beatriz G. Pérez-Nievas, Ksenia V. Kastanenka, Keith K. Murai, James P. O'Callaghan, Ina B. Wanner, David H. Rowitch, Pierre J. Magistretti, Cinthia Farina, Marcela Pekna, Albee Messing, Jia Qian Wu, Shane A. Liddelow, Dieter Henrik Heiland, Anusha Mishra, Robert Zorec, Levi B. Wood, Marc R. Freeman, Matthew Holt, Luis Barbeito, Gabor C. Petzold, Luc Pellerin, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, Nathalie Rouach, Carole Escartin, Schuichi Koizumi, Gertrudis Perea, Dwight E. Bergles, Miriam Riquelme-Perez, Martine Cohen-Salmon, Stefanie Robel, James E. Goldman, Binhai Zheng, João Filipe Oliveira, Ari Barzilai, Steven A. Goldman, Brian A. MacVicar, Aude Panatier, Helmut Kettenmann, Alexei Verkhratsky, Amit Agarwal, Colm Cunningham, Blanca Diaz-Castro, Francisco J. Quintana, Milos Pekny, Harald Sontheimer, Benjamin Deneen, Vladimir Parpura, Service MIRCEN (MIRCEN), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory (Department of Experimental and Health Sciences), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [Morgantown, WV, USA] (NIOSH), German Research Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases - Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University Hospital Bonn, Massachusetts General Hospital [Charlestown, MA, États-Unis], University of Bonn, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Italian National Research Council [Padova, Italy], University of Padua [Italy], Heidelberg University, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, University of Minnesota [MN, USA], Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], University of Portsmouth, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Trinity College Dublin, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Edinburgh, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Vollum Institute, Vollum Institute OHSU, National Children's Hospital, Columbia University [New York], University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Ludwig Maximilians Universitaet, SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Tufts University School of Medicine [Boston], University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Utrecht University [Utrecht], VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research [Leuven, Belgium], Nihon University School of Medicine [Tokyo, Japan], Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine [Berlin] (MDC), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Yamanashi University, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), University of British Columbia (UBC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), University of Kentucky, Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (Neurocentre Magendie - U1215 Inserm), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Minho [Braga], ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate Laboratory [Braga, Portugal], Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave, University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), University of Gothenburg (GU), Ischémie Reperfusion en Transplantation d’Organes Mécanismes et Innovations Thérapeutiques ( IRTOMIT), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cajal Institute, King‘s College London, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Third Rock Ventures, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Institute for Stem Cell Research [Neuherberg], Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Universidad de Sevilla, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), UC San Diego School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), University of Ljubljana, University of Manchester [Manchester], Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), European Project: 722053,EU-GliaPhD - H2020-EU.1.3. H2020-EU.1.3.1., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Escartin, Carole [0000-0003-3613-4118], Galea, Elena [0000-0003-4537-9897], Lakatos, András [0000-0002-1301-2292], Petzold, Gabor C [0000-0002-0145-8641], Serrano-Pozo, Alberto [0000-0003-0899-7530], Volterra, Andrea [0000-0003-1069-1602], Araque, Alfonso [0000-0003-3840-1144], Barbeito, Luis [0000-0002-3047-232X], Bonvento, Gilles [0000-0002-2886-4228], Butt, Arthur M [0000-0001-7579-0746], Deneen, Benjamin [0000-0002-6335-1081], Farina, Cinthia [0000-0002-4466-9676], Gallo, Vittorio [0000-0002-2429-0845], Goldman, Steven A [0000-0002-5498-4303], Götz, Magdalena [0000-0003-1551-9203], Gutiérrez, Antonia [0000-0002-6264-6152], Haydon, Philip G [0000-0001-5698-6698], Heiland, Dieter H [0000-0002-9258-3033], Hol, Elly M [0000-0001-5604-2603], Holt, Matthew G [0000-0002-8958-4027], Koizumi, Schuichi [0000-0001-6184-3106], MacVicar, Brian A [0000-0003-4596-4623], Mishra, Anusha [0000-0002-3642-5049], Molofsky, Anna V [0000-0002-4709-2411], Okada, Seiji [0000-0002-5107-8209], Oliveira, João F [0000-0002-1005-2328], Panatier, Aude [0000-0002-6107-4463], Pekna, Marcela [0000-0003-2734-8237], Perea, Gertrudis [0000-0001-5924-9175], Pfrieger, Frank W [0000-0001-7085-1431], Poskanzer, Kira E [0000-0003-4830-8891], Rose, Christine R [0000-0002-9684-3592], Rothstein, Jeffrey D [0000-0003-2001-8470], Rouach, Nathalie [0000-0002-5574-888X], Rowitch, David H [0000-0002-0079-0060], Semyanov, Alexey [0000-0002-6800-0942], Sirko, Swetlana [0000-0001-5950-616X], Sontheimer, Harald [0000-0002-5843-9871], Swanson, Raymond A [0000-0002-3664-5359], Zorec, Robert [0000-0002-7478-3875], Sofroniew, Michael V [0000-0001-6075-0178], Verkhratsky, Alexei [0000-0003-2592-9898], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Aging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease, pathology [Spinal Cord], Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, pathology [Aging], Response to injury, pathology [Brain], medicine, Psychology, Animals, Humans, ddc:610, Reactive Astrocyte, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spinal Cord Injuries, pathology [Astrocytes], Brain Diseases, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Extramural, business.industry, General Neuroscience, pathology [Brain Injuries], Neurosciences, pathology [Brain Diseases], Brain, 3. Good health, Brain Disorders, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Astrocytes, Brain Injuries, Neurological, Cognitive Sciences, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], pathology [Spinal Cord Injuries], business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Astrocyte, Spinal cord pathology
Abstract

Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling was first described over a century ago, uncertainties and controversies remain regarding the contribution of reactive astrocytes to CNS diseases, repair, and aging. It is also unclear whether fixed categories of reactive astrocytes exist and, if so, how to identify them. We point out the shortcomings of binary divisions of reactive astrocytes into good-vs-bad, neurotoxic-vs-neuroprotective or A1-vs-A2. We advocate, instead, that research on reactive astrocytes include assessment of multiple molecular and functional parameters—preferably in vivo—plus multivariate statistics and determination of impact on pathological hallmarks in relevant models. These guidelines may spur the discovery of astrocyte-based biomarkers as well as astrocyte-targeting therapies that abrogate detrimental actions of reactive astrocytes, potentiate their neuro- and glioprotective actions, and restore or augment their homeostatic, modulatory, and defensive functions., Funding: CNRS, CEA, ANR, and France Alzheimer to CE.; MCINN (PID2019-107633RB-I00) and Generalitat de Catalunya (2017-SGR547, Grup de demències Sant Pau) to E.G. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to J. P.O. Alzheimer’s Association (AACF-17-524184) and NIH-NIA (K08AG064039) to A.S.-P. DFG (SPP1757, STE 552/5, STE 552/4), EU (H2020-MSCA-ITN project 722053 EU-GliaPhD) and BMBF (16GW0182 CONNEXIN) to C.S. Swiss National Science Foundation grant 31003A 173124/1; SNSF NCCR ‘Transcure’ (51NF40-160620); Synapsis Foundation Heidi Seiler-Stiftung 2018-PI01 to A.Volterra. NIH-NINDS (NS084030), Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Foundation and Wings for Life to M.V.S. The authors thank T. Yohannan of Alpha Language Services, Barcelona, for expert copy editing.

Published
2021
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7. Early correction of synaptic long-term depression improves abnormal anxiety-like behavior in adult GluN2B-C456Y-mutant mice

Author

Benjamin Serraz, Yong Chul Bae, Eunjoon Kim, Doyoun Kim, Pierre Paoletti, Kyungdeok Kim, Muwon Kang, Eun-Jae Lee, Hyejin Lee, Yi Sul Cho, Wangyong Shin, Bodescot, Myriam, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyungpook National University [Daegu] (KNU), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), University of Ulsan, This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant #693021 to PP), the University Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (UPMC Paris 6) and the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) (fellowships to BS), the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT, NRF-2017R1A5A2015391 to YCB), and the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R002-D1 to EK)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyungpook National University [Daegu], Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Physiology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Xenopus, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Social Sciences, Haploinsufficiency, Anxiety, Nervous System, Hippocampus, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Gene Knock-In Techniques, Biology (General), Receptor, Long-term depression, Mammals, Neurons, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Animal Behavior, Behavior, Animal, General Neuroscience, Glutamate receptor, Eukaryota, Brain, Long-term potentiation, Animal Models, 3. Good health, Electrophysiology, Experimental Organism Systems, Vertebrates, Xenopus Oocytes, NMDA receptor, Frogs, Anatomy, Cellular Types, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ionotropic effect, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, QH301-705.5, Neurophysiology, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Protein degradation, Research and Analysis Methods, Rodents, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Amphibians, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Genetics, Animals, Behavior, General Immunology and Microbiology, Long-Term Synaptic Depression, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Cell Biology, Mice, Mutant Strains, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, nervous system, Cycloserine, Cellular Neuroscience, Amniotes, Synapses, Mutation, biology.protein, Animal Studies, GRIN2B, Zoology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract

Extensive evidence links Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (GRIN2B), encoding the GluN2B/NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, it remains unknown whether mutations in GluN2B, which starts to be expressed early in development, induces early pathophysiology that can be corrected by early treatments for long-lasting effects. We generated and characterized Grin2b-mutant mice that carry a heterozygous, ASD-risk C456Y mutation (Grin2b+/C456Y). In Grin2b+/C456Y mice, GluN2B protein levels were strongly reduced in association with decreased hippocampal NMDAR currents and NMDAR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) but unaltered long-term potentiation, indicative of mutation-induced protein degradation and LTD sensitivity. Behaviorally, Grin2b+/C456Y mice showed normal social interaction but exhibited abnormal anxiolytic-like behavior. Importantly, early, but not late, treatment of young Grin2b+/C456Y mice with the NMDAR agonist D-cycloserine rescued NMDAR currents and LTD in juvenile mice and improved anxiolytic-like behavior in adult mice. Therefore, GluN2B-C456Y haploinsufficiency decreases GluN2B protein levels, NMDAR-dependent LTD, and anxiety-like behavior, and early activation of NMDAR function has long-lasting effects on adult mouse behavior., Mice that carry a heterozygous, autism spectrum disorder-risk C456Y mutation in the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B show decreased protein levels, hippocampal NMDAR currents, and NMDAR-dependent long-term depression and have abnormal anxiolytic-like behavior. Early, but not late, treatment of the young mice with the NMDAR agonist D-cycloserine rescues these phenotypes.

Published
2020
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8. incaRNAfbinv 2.0: a webserver and software with motif control for fragment-based design of RNAs

Author

Vladimir Reinharz, Matan Drory Retwitzer, Alexander Churkin, Jérôme Waldispühl, Danny Barash, Yann Ponty, Department of Computer Science [Beer-Sheva], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Algorithms and Models for Integrative BIOlogy (AMIBIO), Laboratoire d'informatique de l'École polytechnique [Palaiseau] (LIX), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, RNA Folding, Web server, Source code, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 0206 medical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Biochemistry, Nucleic acid secondary structure, 03 medical and health sciences, Synthetic biology, Software, Nucleotide Motifs, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Sequence Analysis, RNA, business.industry, Programming language, RNA, Computer Science Applications, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, RNA Sequence, Motif (music), Rna folding, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, computer, 020602 bioinformatics
Abstract

Summary RNA design has conceptually evolved from the inverse RNA folding problem. In the classical inverse RNA problem, the user inputs an RNA secondary structure and receives an output RNA sequence that folds into it. Although modern RNA design methods are based on the same principle, a finer control over the resulting sequences is sought. As an important example, a substantial number of non-coding RNA families show high preservation in specific regions, while being more flexible in others and this information should be utilized in the design. By using the additional information, RNA design tools can help solve problems of practical interest in the growing fields of synthetic biology and nanotechnology. incaRNAfbinv 2.0 utilizes a fragment-based approach, enabling a control of specific RNA secondary structure motifs. The new version allows significantly more control over the general RNA shape, and also allows to express specific restrictions over each motif separately, in addition to other advanced features. Availability and implementation incaRNAfbinv 2.0 is available through a standalone package and a web-server at https://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/incaRNAfbinv. Source code, command-line and GUI wrappers can be found at https://github.com/matandro/RNAsfbinv. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Published
2020
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9. Editorial: Shankopathies: Shank Protein Deficiency-Induced Synaptic Diseases

Author

Elodie Ey, Thomas Bourgeron, Tobias M. Boeckers, Eunjoon Kim, Kihoon Han, Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université de Paris (UP), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea University [Seoul], This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the Université de Paris, the Institut Pasteur, and the Bettencourt-Schueller foundation (to EE and TB), by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)-Projektnummer 251293561-SFB 1149 (project A2) (to TMB), by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R002-D1 to EK), and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2018R1C1B6001235 to KH). TMB was further supported by the BIU2 initiative, the Else Kröner Foundation, the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 777394 (AIMS 2 Trials), which is composed of financial contributions from the European Union and EFPIA companies' in-kind contribution and the DZNE, Ulm site., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
0303 health sciences, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neurodegenerative diseases, Brain, Shankopathies, Nervendegeneration, Biology, Hirnareal, lcsh:RC321-571, modulating factors, 3. Good health, Shank, neuropsychiatric disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:610, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, brain regions, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020
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10. Birch-Type Hydrogenation of Few-Layer Graphenes: Products and Mechanistic Implications

Author

Wontaek Kim, Sunmin Ryu, Na Yeon Kim, Shanshan Chen, Mandakini Biswal, Zonghoon Lee, David Schilter, Yuan Huang, Wolfgang Bacsa, Christopher W. Bielawski, Rodney S. Ruoff, Xu Zhang, Bao Wen Li, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), UNIST, Dept Chem, Ulsan 44919, South Korea, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Matériaux Multi-fonctionnels et Multi-échelles (CEMES-M3), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Type reduction, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, law, Organic chemistry, Raman spectrometry, Superficial oxide layer, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Chemistry, Graphene layers, Bilayer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, bilayer membrane, symbols, Bilayer Graphene, hydrogenation, 0210 nano-technology, Bilayer graphene, Layer (electronics), proton, carbon 13, water, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, Catalysis, Article, symbols.namesake, Synthetic routes, lithium ion, Graphene, carbon, graphene, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Reactive site, X-ray photoelectrons, Spectroscopic data, Chemical engineering, Reagent, Light transmission, proton transport, Raman spectroscopy, Carbon films, Carbon
Abstract

cited By 4; International audience; Few-layer graphenes, supported on Si with a superficial oxide layer, were subjected to a Birch-type reduction using Li and H2O as the electron and proton donors, respectively. The extent of hydrogenation for bilayer graphene was estimated at 1.6-24.1% according to Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data. While single-layer graphene reacts uniformly, few-layer graphenes were hydrogenated inward from the edges and/or defects. The role of these reactive sites was reflected in the inertness of pristine few-layer graphenes whose edges were sealed. Hydrogenation of labeled bilayer (12C/13C) and trilayer (12C/13C/12C) graphenes afforded products whose sheets were hydrogenated to the same extent, implicating passage of reagents between the graphene layers and equal decoration of each graphene face. The reduction of few-layer graphenes introduces strain, allows tuning of optical transmission and fluorescence, and opens synthetic routes to long sought-after films containing sp3-hybridized carbon.

Published
2016
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11. Ultrafast myoglobin structural dynamics observed with an X-ray free-electron laser

Author

LEVANTINO, Matteo, Schirò, G, Lemke, HT, COTTONE, Grazia, Glownia, JM, Zhu, D, Chollet, M, Ihee, H, CUPANE, Antonio, Cammarata, M., Department of Physics and Chemistry, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Levantino, M, Schirò, G, Lemke, HT, Cottone, G, Glownia, JM, Zhu, D, Chollet, M, Ihee, H, Cupane, A, and Cammarata, M

Subjects
Biologia Strutturale, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Photolysis, Time Factors, Light, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Biofisica, Myoglobin, Protein Conformation, Lasers, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Dinamica delle Proteine, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Crystallography, X-Ray, Biological sciences Biochemistry Biophysics, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Article, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Animals, Horses, sense organs, Physics::Chemical Physics
Abstract

Light absorption can trigger biologically relevant protein conformational changes. The light-induced structural rearrangement at the level of a photoexcited chromophore is known to occur in the femtosecond timescale and is expected to propagate through the protein as a quake-like intramolecular motion. Here we report direct experimental evidence of such ‘proteinquake’ observed in myoglobin through femtosecond X-ray solution scattering measurements performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source X-ray free-electron laser. An ultrafast increase of myoglobin radius of gyration occurs within 1 picosecond and is followed by a delayed protein expansion. As the system approaches equilibrium it undergoes damped oscillations with a ~3.6-picosecond time period. Our results unambiguously show how initially localized chemical changes can propagate at the level of the global protein conformation in the picosecond timescale., Localized chemical events such as the breakage of a bond between a protein and a ligand may trigger a global protein conformational change. Here, the authors use an X-ray free-electron laser to track the motion of myoglobin in response to photoinduced ligand release, and observe a picosecond proteinquake.

Published
2015
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12. Scale-Invariant Hidden Local Symmetry, Topology Change and Dense Baryonic Matter

Author

Won-Gi Paeng, Thomas T. S. Kuo, Hyun Kyu Lee, Mannque Rho, Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Korea, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Physics [Seoul], Sogang University [Séoul], Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

When scale symmetry is implemented into hidden local symmetry in low-energy strong interactions to arrive at a scale-invariant hidden local symmetric (HLS) theory, the scalar $f_0(500)$ may be interpreted as pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone (pNG) boson, i.e., dilaton, of spontaneously broken scale invariance, joining the pseudo-scalar pNG bosons $\pi$ and the matter fields $V=(\rho,\omega)$ as relevant degrees of freedom. Implementing the skyrmion-half-skyrmion transition predicted at large $N_c$ in QCD at a density roughly twice the nuclear matter density found in the crystal simulation of dense skyrmion matter, we determine the intrinsically density-dependent (IDD) "bare parameters" of the scale-invariant HLS Lagrangian matched to QCD at a matching scale $\Lambda_M$. The resulting effective Lagrangian, with the parameters scaling with the density of the system, is applied to nuclear matter and dense baryonic matter relevant to massive compact stars by means of the double-decimation renormalization-group $V_{lowk}$ formalism. We satisfactorily post-dict the properties of normal nuclear matter and more significantly {\it predict} the EoS of dense compact-star matter that quantitatively accounts for the presently available data coming from both the terrestrial and space laboratories. We interpret the resulting structure of compact-star matter as revealing how the combination of hidden-scale symmetry and hidden local symmetry manifests itself in compressed baryonic matter., Comment: 37 pages and 14 figures, Revised for publication

Published
2015
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13. Proteome-wide characterization of signalling interactions in the hippocampal CA4/DG subfield of patients with Alzheimer's disease

Author

Isidro Ferrer, Taewook Kang, Mi Hee Cheon, Jae Ho Kim, Isabelle Fournier, Rivka Ravid, Julien Franck, Jong Shin Yoo, Michel Salzet, Young Mok Park, Joo-Yong Lee, Helmut Heinsen, Harry W.M. Steinbusch, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM) - U 1192 (PRISM), Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Chungnam National University (CNU), University of Würzburg, Brain Bank Consultants [Amsterdam], Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Universitat de Barcelona, and SALZET, Michel

Subjects
MALDI imaging, Proteome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), Computational biology, Hippocampal formation, Biology, Bioinformatics, Article, Alzheimer Disease, Cyclosporin a, medicine, Humans, ddc:616, Multidisciplinary, Mass spectrometry, Dentate gyrus, Alzheimer's disease, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Espectrometria de masses, Malaltia d'Alzheimer, Dentate Gyrus, YWHAZ, Biomarkers, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia; however, mechanisms and biomarkers remain unclear. Here, we examined hippocampal CA4 and dentate gyrus subfields, which are less studied in the context of AD pathology, in post-mortem AD and control tissue to identify possible biomarkers. We performed mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis combined with label-free quantification for identification of differentially expressed proteins. We identified 4,328 proteins, of which 113 showed more than 2-fold higher or lower expression in AD hippocampi than in control tissues. Five proteins were identified as putative AD biomarkers (MDH2, PCLO, TRRAP, YWHAZ and MUC19 isoform 5) and were cross-validated by immunoblotting, selected reaction monitoring and MALDI imaging. We also used a bioinformatics approach to examine upstream signalling interactions of the 113 regulated proteins. Five upstream signalling (IGF1, BDNF, ZAP70, MYC and cyclosporin A) factors showed novel interactions in AD hippocampi. Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel platform that may provide new strategies for the early detection of AD and thus its diagnosis.

Published
2015
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