Author: "Institute for Basic Science" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Institute for Basic Science"' showing total 6,009 results

Start Over Author "Institute for Basic Science"

6,009 results on '"Institute for Basic Science"'

1. Synergistic Integration of Nanogenerators and Solar Cells: Advanced Hybrid Structures and Applications

Author: National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (South Korea), Permanent Secretary (Thailand), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Department of Science and Technology (India), Royal Society of Chemistry (UK), Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministry of Education (South Korea), Borrás, Ana [0000-0001-8799-2054], Hajra, Sugato, Ali, Amanat, Panda, Swati, Song, Heewoon, Rajaitha, P. M., Dubal, Deepak, Borrás, Ana, In-Na, Pichaya, Vittayakorn, Naratip, Vivekananthan, Venkateswaran, Kim, Hoe Joon, Divya, Sivasubramani, Oh, Tae Hwan, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (South Korea), Permanent Secretary (Thailand), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Department of Science and Technology (India), Royal Society of Chemistry (UK), Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministry of Education (South Korea), Borrás, Ana [0000-0001-8799-2054], Hajra, Sugato, Ali, Amanat, Panda, Swati, Song, Heewoon, Rajaitha, P. M., Dubal, Deepak, Borrás, Ana, In-Na, Pichaya, Vittayakorn, Naratip, Vivekananthan, Venkateswaran, Kim, Hoe Joon, Divya, Sivasubramani, and Oh, Tae Hwan
Abstract: The rapid growth of global energy consumption and the increasing demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources have urged vast research into harnessing energy from various sources. Among them, the most promising approaches are nanogenerators (NGs) and solar cells (SCs), which independently offer innovative solutions for energy harvesting. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the integration of NGs and SCs, exploring advanced hybrid structures and their diverse applications. First, an overview of the principles and working mechanisms of NGs and SCs is provided for seamless hybrid integrations. Then, various design strategies are discussed, such as piezoelectric and triboelectric NGs with different types of SCs. Finally, a wide range of applications are explored that benefit from the synergistic integration of NGs and SCs, including self-powered electronics, wearable devices, environmental monitoring, and wireless sensor networks. The potential for these hybrid systems is highlighted to address real-world energy needs and contribute to developing sustainable and self-sufficient technologies. In conclusion, this review provides valuable insights into the state-of-the-art developments in NGs and SCs integration, shedding light on advanced hybrid structures and their diverse applications.
Published: 2024

2. A disease-associated XPA Allele Interferes with TFIIH Binding and Primarily Affects Transcription-coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Celular, Dutch Research Council, European Research Council (ERC), Dutch Cancer Society, Junta de Andalucía, Korean Institute for Basic Science, National Cancer Institute, van den Heuvel, Diana, Kim, Mihyun, Wondergem, Annelotte P., van der Meer, Paula J., Witkamp, Myrèse, Lambregtse, Ferdy, Kim, Hyun Suk, Kan, Folkert, Apelt, Katja, Kragten, Angela, González Prieto, Román, Luijsterburg, Martijn S., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Celular, Dutch Research Council, European Research Council (ERC), Dutch Cancer Society, Junta de Andalucía, Korean Institute for Basic Science, National Cancer Institute, van den Heuvel, Diana, Kim, Mihyun, Wondergem, Annelotte P., van der Meer, Paula J., Witkamp, Myrèse, Lambregtse, Ferdy, Kim, Hyun Suk, Kan, Folkert, Apelt, Katja, Kragten, Angela, González Prieto, Román, and Luijsterburg, Martijn S.
Abstract: XPA is a central scaffold protein that coordinates the assembly of repair complexes in the global genome (GG-NER) and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) subpathways. Inactivating mutations in XPA cause xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), which is characterized by extreme UV sensitivity and a highly elevated skin cancer risk. Here, we describe two Dutch siblings in their late forties carrying a homozygous H244R substitution in the C-terminus of XPA. They present with mild cutaneous manifestations of XP without skin cancer but suffer from marked neurological features, including cerebellar ataxia. We show that the mutant XPA protein has a severely weakened interaction with the transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) complex leading to an impaired association of the mutant XPA and the downstream endonuclease ERCC1-XPF with NER complexes. Despite these defects, the patient-derived fibroblasts and reconstituted knockout cells carrying the XPAH244R substitution show intermediate UV sensitivity and considerable levels of residual GG-NER (∼50%), in line with the intrinsic properties and activities of the purified protein. By contrast, XPA-H244R cells are exquisitely sensitive to transcription- blocking DNA damage, show no detectable recovery of transcription after UV irradiation, and display a severe deficiency in TC-NER-associated unscheduled DNA synthesis. Our characterization of a new case of XPA deficiency that interferes with TFIIH binding and primarily affects the transcription-coupled subpathway of nucleotide excision repair, provides an explanation of the dominant neurological features in these patients, and reveals a specific role for the C-terminus of XPA in TC-NER.
Published: 2023

3. Seasonal Variability of the Surface Ocean Carbon Cycle: A Synthesis

Author: National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, European Space Agency, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Research Council of Norway, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), European Commission, Helmholtz Association, Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (Japan), Ministry of the Environment (Japan), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Rodgers, Keith B., Schwinger, Jörg, Fassbender, Andrea J., Landschützer, Peter, Yamaguchi, Ryohei, Frenzel, Hartmut, Stein, Karl, Müller, Jens Daniel, Goris, Nadine, Sharma, Sahil, Bushinsky, Seth, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, Gehlen, Marion, Gallego, M. Angeles, Gloege, Lucas, Gregor, Luke, Gruber, Nicolas, Hauck, Judith, Iida, Yosuke, Ishii, Masao, Keppler, Lydia, Kim, Ji-Eun, Schlunegger, Sarah, Tjiputra, Jerry, Toyama, Katsuya, Ayar, Pradeebane Vaittinada, Velo, A., National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, European Space Agency, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Research Council of Norway, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), European Commission, Helmholtz Association, Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (Japan), Ministry of the Environment (Japan), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Rodgers, Keith B., Schwinger, Jörg, Fassbender, Andrea J., Landschützer, Peter, Yamaguchi, Ryohei, Frenzel, Hartmut, Stein, Karl, Müller, Jens Daniel, Goris, Nadine, Sharma, Sahil, Bushinsky, Seth, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, Gehlen, Marion, Gallego, M. Angeles, Gloege, Lucas, Gregor, Luke, Gruber, Nicolas, Hauck, Judith, Iida, Yosuke, Ishii, Masao, Keppler, Lydia, Kim, Ji-Eun, Schlunegger, Sarah, Tjiputra, Jerry, Toyama, Katsuya, Ayar, Pradeebane Vaittinada, and Velo, A.
Abstract: The seasonal cycle is the dominant mode of variability in the air-sea CO2 flux in most regions of the global ocean, yet discrepancies between different seasonality estimates are rather large. As part of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Phase 2 project (RECCAP2), we synthesize surface ocean pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux seasonality from models and observation-based estimates, focusing on both a present-day climatology and decadal changes between the 1980s and 2010s. Four main findings emerge: First, global ocean biogeochemistry models (GOBMs) and observation-based estimates (pCO2 products) of surface pCO2 seasonality disagree in amplitude and phase, primarily due to discrepancies in the seasonal variability in surface DIC. Second, the seasonal cycle in pCO2 has increased in amplitude over the last three decades in both pCO2 products and GOBMs. Third, decadal increases in pCO2 seasonal cycle amplitudes in subtropical biomes for both pCO2 products and GOBMs are driven by increasing DIC concentrations stemming from the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 (Cant). In subpolar and Southern Ocean biomes, however, the seasonality change for GOBMs is dominated by Cant invasion, whereas for pCO2 products an indeterminate combination of Cant invasion and climate change modulates the changes. Fourth, biome-aggregated decadal changes in the amplitude of pCO2 seasonal variability are largely detectable against both mapping uncertainty (reducible) and natural variability uncertainty (irreducible), but not at the gridpoint scale over much of the northern subpolar oceans and over the Southern Ocean, underscoring the importance of sustained high-quality seasonally resolved measurements over these regions
Published: 2023

4. A disease-associated XPA allele interferes with TFIIH binding and primarily affects transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair

Author: Leiden University, Dutch Research Council, European Research Council, Dutch Cancer Society, Junta de Andalucía, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Cancer Institute (US), European Commission, Heuvel, Diana van den, Kim, Mihyun, Wondergem, Annelotte P., Meer, Paula J. van der, Witkamp, Myrèse, Lambregtse, Ferdy, Kim, Hyun-Suk, Kan, Folkert, Apelt, Katja, Kragten, Angela, González-Prieto, Román, Vertegaal, Alfred C. O., Yeo,Jung-Eun, Kim, Byung-Gyu, Doorn, Remco van, Schärer, Orlando D., Luijsterburg, Martijn S., Leiden University, Dutch Research Council, European Research Council, Dutch Cancer Society, Junta de Andalucía, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Cancer Institute (US), European Commission, Heuvel, Diana van den, Kim, Mihyun, Wondergem, Annelotte P., Meer, Paula J. van der, Witkamp, Myrèse, Lambregtse, Ferdy, Kim, Hyun-Suk, Kan, Folkert, Apelt, Katja, Kragten, Angela, González-Prieto, Román, Vertegaal, Alfred C. O., Yeo,Jung-Eun, Kim, Byung-Gyu, Doorn, Remco van, Schärer, Orlando D., and Luijsterburg, Martijn S.
Abstract: XPA is a central scaffold protein that coordinates the assembly of repair complexes in the global genome (GG-NER) and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) subpathways. Inactivating mutations in XPA cause xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), which is characterized by extreme UV sensitivity and a highly elevated skin cancer risk. Here, we describe two Dutch siblings in their late forties carrying a homozygous H244R substitution in the C-terminus of XPA. They present with mild cutaneous manifestations of XP without skin cancer but suffer from marked neurological features, including cerebellar ataxia. We show that the mutant XPA protein has a severely weakened interaction with the transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) complex leading to an impaired association of the mutant XPA and the downstream endonuclease ERCC1-XPF with NER complexes. Despite these defects, the patient-derived fibroblasts and reconstituted knockout cells carrying the XPAH244R substitution show intermediate UV sensitivity and considerable levels of residual GG-NER (∼50%), in line with the intrinsic properties and activities of the purified protein. By contrast, XPA-H244R cells are exquisitely sensitive to transcription- blocking DNA damage, show no detectable recovery of transcription after UV irradiation, and display a severe deficiency in TC-NER-associated unscheduled DNA synthesis. Our characterization of a new case of XPA deficiency that interferes with TFIIH binding and primarily affects the transcription-coupled subpathway of nucleotide excision repair, provides an explanation of the dominant neurological features in these patients, and reveals a specific role for the C-terminus of XPA in TC-NER.
Published: 2023

5. An atomic-scale multi-qubit platform

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Office of Naval Research (US), University of Tokyo, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Eusko Jaurlaritza, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wang, Yu, Chen, Yi, Bui, Thi Hong, Wolf, Christoph, Haze, Masahiro, Mier, Cristina, Kim, Jinkyung, Choi, Deung-Jang, Lutz, Christopher P., Bae, Yujeong, Phark, Soo-hyon, Heinrich, Andreas J., Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Office of Naval Research (US), University of Tokyo, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Eusko Jaurlaritza, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wang, Yu, Chen, Yi, Bui, Thi Hong, Wolf, Christoph, Haze, Masahiro, Mier, Cristina, Kim, Jinkyung, Choi, Deung-Jang, Lutz, Christopher P., Bae, Yujeong, Phark, Soo-hyon, and Heinrich, Andreas J.
Abstract: Individual electron spins in solids are promising candidates for quantum science and technology, where bottom-up assembly of a quantum device with atomically precise couplings has long been envisioned. Here, we realized atom-by-atom construction, coherent operations, and readout of coupled electron-spin qubits using a scanning tunneling microscope. To enable the coherent control of “remote” qubits that are outside of the tunnel junction, we complemented each electron spin with a local magnetic field gradient from a nearby single-atom magnet. Readout was achieved by using a sensor qubit in the tunnel junction and implementing pulsed double electron spin resonance. Fast single-, two-, and three-qubit operations were thereby demonstrated in an all-electrical fashion. Our angstrom-scale qubit platform may enable quantum functionalities using electron spin arrays built atom by atom on a surface.
Published: 2023

6. Multiple Mechanisms in Proton-Induced Nucleon Removal at ∼100 MeV/Nucleon

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft / German Research Foundation (DFG), European Union (UE). H2020, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. Japón, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Junta de Andalucía, Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong. China, Research Grants Council (RGC). Hong Kong, Institute for Basic Science. Corea, National Science Foundation (NSF). United States, Pohl, T., Sun, Y. L., Obertelli, A., Lee, J., Gómez Ramos, Mario, Ogata, K., Yoshida, K., Cai, B. S., Yuan, C. X., Brown, B. A., Zenihiro, J., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft / German Research Foundation (DFG), European Union (UE). H2020, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. Japón, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Junta de Andalucía, Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong. China, Research Grants Council (RGC). Hong Kong, Institute for Basic Science. Corea, National Science Foundation (NSF). United States, Pohl, T., Sun, Y. L., Obertelli, A., Lee, J., Gómez Ramos, Mario, Ogata, K., Yoshida, K., Cai, B. S., Yuan, C. X., Brown, B. A., and Zenihiro, J.
Abstract: We report on the first proton-induced single proton- and neutron-removal reactions from the neutron-deficient O14 nucleus with large Fermi-surface asymmetry Sn-Sp=18.6 MeV at ∼100 MeV/nucleon, a widely used energy regime for rare-isotope studies. The measured inclusive cross sections and parallel momentum distributions of the N13 and O13 residues are compared to the state-of-the-art reaction models, with nuclear structure inputs from many-body shell-model calculations. Our results provide the first quantitative contributions of multiple reaction mechanisms including the quasifree knockout, inelastic scattering, and nucleon transfer processes. It is shown that the inelastic scattering and nucleon transfer, usually neglected at such energy regime, contribute about 50% and 30% to the loosely bound proton and deeply bound neutron removal, respectively. These multiple reaction mechanisms should be considered in analyses of inclusive one-nucleon removal cross sections measured at intermediate energies for quantitative investigation of single-particle strengths and correlations in atomic nuclei.
Published: 2023

7. XPC–PARP complexes engage the chromatin remodeler ALC1 to catalyze global genome DNA damage repair

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Celular, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft / German Research Foundation (DFG), Dutch Cancer Society, European Research Council (ERC), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS). Korea, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Israel Cancer Research Fund Research Career Development Award, Israel Cancer Association, Israel Science Foundation, Dutch Research Council, National Cancer Institute (USA), Blessing, Charlotte, Apelt, Katja, Van Den Heuvel, Diana, González Leal, Claudia, Rother, Magdalena B, Van Der Woude, Melanie, González Prieto, Román, Luijsterburg, Martijn S., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Celular, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft / German Research Foundation (DFG), Dutch Cancer Society, European Research Council (ERC), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS). Korea, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Israel Cancer Research Fund Research Career Development Award, Israel Cancer Association, Israel Science Foundation, Dutch Research Council, National Cancer Institute (USA), Blessing, Charlotte, Apelt, Katja, Van Den Heuvel, Diana, González Leal, Claudia, Rother, Magdalena B, Van Der Woude, Melanie, González Prieto, Román, and Luijsterburg, Martijn S.
Abstract: Cells employ global genome nucleotide excision repair (GGR) to eliminate a broad spectrum of DNA lesions, including those induced by UV light. The lesion-recognition factor XPC initiates repair of helix-destabilizing DNA lesions, but binds poorly to lesions such as CPDs that do not destabilize DNA. How difficult-to-repair lesions are detected in chromatin is unknown. Here, we identify the poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 as constitutive interactors of XPC. Their interaction results in the XPC-stimulated synthesis of poly-(ADP-ribose) (PAR) by PARP1 at UV lesions, which in turn enables the recruitment and activation of the PAR-regulated chromatin remodeler ALC1. PARP2, on the other hand, modulates the retention of ALC1 at DNA damage sites. Notably, ALC1 mediates chromatin expansion at UV-induced DNA lesions, leading to the timely clearing of CPD lesions. Thus, we reveal how chromatin containing difficult-to-repair DNA lesions is primed for repair, providing insight into mechanisms of chromatin plasticity during GGR.
Published: 2022

8. Resonance Excitations in Be 7 (d,p) Be∗ 8 to Address the Cosmological Lithium Problem

Author: European Commission, Indian Space Research Organisation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Swedish Research Council, Royal Physiographic Society of Lund, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Academy of Finland, Ali, S.M., Gupta, D., Kundalia, K., Saha, S.K., Tengblad, Olof, Ovejas, J. D., Perea, Ángel, Martel, Ismael, Cederkall, J., Park, J., Szwec, S., European Commission, Indian Space Research Organisation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Swedish Research Council, Royal Physiographic Society of Lund, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Academy of Finland, Ali, S.M., Gupta, D., Kundalia, K., Saha, S.K., Tengblad, Olof, Ovejas, J. D., Perea, Ángel, Martel, Ismael, Cederkall, J., Park, J., and Szwec, S.
Abstract: The anomaly in lithium abundance is a well-known unresolved problem in nuclear astrophysics. A recent revisit to the problem tried the avenue of resonance enhancement to account for the primordial Li7 abundance in standard big-bang nucleosynthesis. Prior measurements of the Be7(d,p)Be∗8 reaction could not account for the individual contributions of the different excited states involved, particularly at higher energies close to the Q value of the reaction. We carried out an experiment at HIE-ISOLDE, CERN to study this reaction at Ec.m.=7.8 MeV, populating excitations up to 22 MeV in Be8 for the first time. The angular distributions of the several excited states have been measured and the contributions of the higher excited states in the total cross section at the relevant big-bang energies were obtained by extrapolation to the Gamow window using the talys code. The results show that by including the contribution of the 16.63 MeV state, the maximum value of the total S factor inside the Gamow window comes out to be 167 MeV b as compared to earlier estimate of 100 MeV b. However, this still does not account for the lithium discrepancy.
Published: 2022

9. Investigation of the ground-state spin inversion in the neutron-rich isotopes

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Helmholtz International Center for FAIR, Croatian Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Energy (US), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), University of Leicester, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Linh, B.D., Corsi, A., Gillibert, A., Obertelli, A., Doornenbal, P., Barbieri, C., Chen, S., Chung, L.X., Duguet, Thomas, Gómez-Ramos, M., Holt, J.D., Moro, A., Navrátil, P., Ogata, K., Phuc, N.T.T., Shimizu, N., Somà, V., Utsuno, Y., Achouri, N.L., Baba, H., Browne, F., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chiga, N., Cortés, M.L., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Hilaire, C., Isobe, T., Kobayashi, T., Kubota, Y., Lapoux, V., Liu, H. N., Motobayashi, T., Murray, I., Otsu, H., Panin, V., Paul, N., Rodriguez, W., Sakurai, H., Sasano, M., Steppenbeck, D., Stuhl, L., Sun, Y.L., Togano, Y., Uesaka, T., Wimmer, K., Yoneda, K., Vaquero, Victor, RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Helmholtz International Center for FAIR, Croatian Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Energy (US), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), University of Leicester, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Linh, B.D., Corsi, A., Gillibert, A., Obertelli, A., Doornenbal, P., Barbieri, C., Chen, S., Chung, L.X., Duguet, Thomas, Gómez-Ramos, M., Holt, J.D., Moro, A., Navrátil, P., Ogata, K., Phuc, N.T.T., Shimizu, N., Somà, V., Utsuno, Y., Achouri, N.L., Baba, H., Browne, F., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chiga, N., Cortés, M.L., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Hilaire, C., Isobe, T., Kobayashi, T., Kubota, Y., Lapoux, V., Liu, H. N., Motobayashi, T., Murray, I., Otsu, H., Panin, V., Paul, N., Rodriguez, W., Sakurai, H., Sasano, M., Steppenbeck, D., Stuhl, L., Sun, Y.L., Togano, Y., Uesaka, T., Wimmer, K., Yoneda, K., and Vaquero, Victor
Abstract: A first -ray study of spectroscopy was performed at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory with projectiles at 217 MeV/nucleon, impinging on the liquid hydrogen target of the MINOS device. Prompt deexcitation rays were measured with the NaI(Tl) array DALI2. Through the one-proton knockout reaction , a spin assignment could be determined for the low-lying states of from the momentum distribution obtained with the SAMURAI spectrometer. A spin-parity is deduced for the ground state of , similar to the recently studied isotope . The evolution of the energy difference is compared to state-of-the-art theoretical predictions.
Published: 2021

10. Nonlinear Forced Change and Nonergodicity: The Case of ENSO-Indian Monsoon and Global Precipitation Teleconnections

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Department of Energy (US), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, Chung, Eui-Seok, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Department of Energy (US), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, and Chung, Eui-Seok
Abstract: We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble, a set of Earth system ensemble simulations under historical and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) forcing. The forced response of the teleconnection, or a characteristic of it, is defined as the time dependence of a correlation coefficient evaluated over the ensemble. We consider the temporal variability of spatial averages and that with respect to dominant spatial modes in the sense of Maximal Covariance Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis and Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis across the ensemble. A further representation of the teleconnection that we define here takes the point of view of the predictability of the spatiotemporal variability of the Indian summer monsoon. We find that the strengthening of the ENSO-IM teleconnection is robustly or consistently featured in view of various teleconnection representations, whether sea surface temperature (SST) or sea level pressure (SLP) is used to characterize ENSO, and both in the historical period and under the RCP8.5 forcing scenario. It is found to be associated dominantly with the principal mode of ENSO variability. Concerning representations that involve an autonomous characterisation of the Pacific, in terms of a linear regression model, the main contributor to the strengthening is the regression coefficient, which can outcompete even a declining ENSO variability when it is represented by SLP. We also find that the forced change of the teleconnection is typically nonlinear by 1) formally rejecting the hypothesis that ergodicity holds, i.e., that expected values of temporal correlation coefficients with respect to the ensemble equal the ensemble-wise correlation coefficient itself, and also showing that 2) the trivial contributions of the forced changes in means and standard deviations are insignificant here. We also pro
Published: 2021

11. Nuclear structure of Te isotopes beyond neutron magic number N=82

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Moon, B., Jungclaus, Andrea, Naïdja, H., Gargano, A., Lozeva, R., Moon, C.B., Odahara, A., Simpson, G. S., Nishimura, S., Browne, F., Doornenbal, P., Gey, G., Keatings, J., Lorusso, G., Patel, Z., Rice, S., Si, M., Sinclair, L., Söderström, P. A., Sumikama, T., Taprogge, J., Watanabe, H., Wu, J., Xu, Z. Y., Yagi, A., Ahn, D. S., Baba, H., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bönig, S., Daido, R., Daugas, J.M., Didierjean, F., Drouet, F., Fang, Y., Fukuda, N., Gernhäuser, R., Hong, B., Ideguchi, E., Ilieva, S., Inabe, N., Ishigaki, T., Isobe, T., Jung, H. S., Kameda, D., Kojouharov, I., Komatsubara, T., Kröll, T., Kubo, T., Kurz, N., Kwon, Y. K., Lee, C. S., Lee, P., Li, Z., Montaner-Pizá, A., Morimoto, S., Moschner, K., Mücher, D., Murai, D., Niikura, M., Nishibata, H., Nishizuka, I., Orlandi, R., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Shimizu, Y., Steiger, K., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Tshoo, K., Vajta, Zs, Wendt, A., Yokoyama, R., Yoshinaga, K., RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Moon, B., Jungclaus, Andrea, Naïdja, H., Gargano, A., Lozeva, R., Moon, C.B., Odahara, A., Simpson, G. S., Nishimura, S., Browne, F., Doornenbal, P., Gey, G., Keatings, J., Lorusso, G., Patel, Z., Rice, S., Si, M., Sinclair, L., Söderström, P. A., Sumikama, T., Taprogge, J., Watanabe, H., Wu, J., Xu, Z. Y., Yagi, A., Ahn, D. S., Baba, H., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bönig, S., Daido, R., Daugas, J.M., Didierjean, F., Drouet, F., Fang, Y., Fukuda, N., Gernhäuser, R., Hong, B., Ideguchi, E., Ilieva, S., Inabe, N., Ishigaki, T., Isobe, T., Jung, H. S., Kameda, D., Kojouharov, I., Komatsubara, T., Kröll, T., Kubo, T., Kurz, N., Kwon, Y. K., Lee, C. S., Lee, P., Li, Z., Montaner-Pizá, A., Morimoto, S., Moschner, K., Mücher, D., Murai, D., Niikura, M., Nishibata, H., Nishizuka, I., Orlandi, R., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Shimizu, Y., Steiger, K., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Tshoo, K., Vajta, Zs, Wendt, A., Yokoyama, R., and Yoshinaga, K.
Abstract: Newly observed decay schemes of the nuclei Sb137 and Sb138 are reported. The neutron-rich Sb isotopes were produced by the in-flight fragmentation of a U238 primary beam with an energy of 345 MeV/nucleon. Several new excited states of Te137 with tentatively assigned spin-parities of (5/2-), (9/2-), and (7/2) have been established which play an important role in the evolution of neutron levels beyond N=82. The study of the ß decay of Sb138 led to a considerable extension of the level scheme of Te138 including the identification of several nonyrast states. The structure of Te137 and Te138 is discussed on the basis of large-scale shell-model calculations performed using two different effective interactions.
Published: 2021

12. Lipid-oriented live-cell distinction of B and T lymphocytes

Author: National Research Foundation of Korea, Government of South Korea, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education (South Korea), Kwon, Haw-Young, Kumar Das, Raj, Jung, Gun Tae, Lee, Hong-Guen, Lee, Sun Hyeok, Berry, Stuart N., Kok Soon Tan, Justin, Park, Solip, Yang, Jae-Seong, Park, Soohyun, Baek, Kangkyun, Min Park, Kyeng, Lee, Jae Won, Choi, Yun-Hyuk, Kim, Ki Hean, Kim, Sangho, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kang, Nam-Young, Kim, Kimoon, Chang, Young-Tae, National Research Foundation of Korea, Government of South Korea, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education (South Korea), Kwon, Haw-Young, Kumar Das, Raj, Jung, Gun Tae, Lee, Hong-Guen, Lee, Sun Hyeok, Berry, Stuart N., Kok Soon Tan, Justin, Park, Solip, Yang, Jae-Seong, Park, Soohyun, Baek, Kangkyun, Min Park, Kyeng, Lee, Jae Won, Choi, Yun-Hyuk, Kim, Ki Hean, Kim, Sangho, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kang, Nam-Young, Kim, Kimoon, and Chang, Young-Tae
Abstract: The identification of each cell type is essential for understanding multicellular communities. Antibodies set as biomarkers have been the main toolbox for cell-type recognition, and chemical probes are emerging surrogates. Herein we report the first small-molecule probe, CDgB, to discriminate B lymphocytes from T lymphocytes, which was previously impossible without the help of antibodies. Through the study of the origin of cell specificity, we discovered an unexpected novel mechanism of membrane-oriented live-cell distinction. B cells maintain higher flexibility in their cell membrane than T cells and accumulate the lipid-like probe CDgB more preferably. Because B and T cells share common ancestors, we tracked the cell membrane changes of the progenitor cells and disclosed the dynamic reorganization of the membrane properties over the lymphocyte differentiation progress. This study casts an orthogonal strategy for the small-molecule cell identifier and enriches the toolbox for live-cell distinction from complex cell communities.
Published: 2021

13. Nonlinear forced change and nonergodicity: The case of ENSO-Indian monsoon and global precipitation teleconnections

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, Haszpra, Tímea, Chung, Eui-Seok, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, Haszpra, Tímea, and Chung, Eui-Seok
Abstract: We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global precipitation in general and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in particular in the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble. The forced response of the teleconnection is defined as the time-dependence of a correlation coefficient evaluated over the ensemble. The ensemble-wise variability is taken either wrt. spatial averages or dominant spatial modes in the sense of Maximal Covariance Analysis or Canonical Correlation Analysis or EOF analysis. We find that the strengthening of the ENSO-IM teleconnection is robustly or consistently featured in view of all four teleconnection representations, whether sea surface temperature (SST) or sea level pressure (SLP) is used to characterise ENSO, and both in the historical period and under the RCP8.5 forcing scenario. The main contributor to this strengthening in terms of a linear regression model is the regression coefficient, which can outcompete even a declining ENSO variability in view of using the SLP. We also find that the forced change of the teleconnection is typically nonlinear by (1) formally rejecting the hypothesis that ergodicity holds, i.e., that expected values of temporal correlation coefficients with respect to the ensemble equal the ensemble-wise correlation coefficient itself, and also showing that (2) the trivial contributions of the forced changes of e.g. the mean SST and/or precipitation to temporal correlations are insignificant here. We also provide, in terms of the test statistics, global maps of the degree of nonlinearity/nonergodicity of the forced change of the teleconnection between local precipitation and ENSO.
Published: 2020

14. Efficient Ab initio multiplet calculations for magnetic adatoms on MgO

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Gobierno de Canarias, Wolf, Christoph, Delgado Ferrer, F., Reina Gálvez, José, Lorente, Nicolás, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Gobierno de Canarias, Wolf, Christoph, Delgado Ferrer, F., Reina Gálvez, José, and Lorente, Nicolás
Abstract: Scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy, and more recently, single-atom electron spin resonance, have allowed the direct observation of electron dynamics at the atomic limit. The interpretation of data is strongly dependent on model Hamiltonians. However, fitting effective spin Hamiltonians to experimental data lacks the ability to explore a vast number of potential systems of interest. By using plane-wave density functional theory as starting point, we build a multiplet Hamiltonian making use of maximally localized Wannier functions. The Hamiltonian contains spin–orbit and electron–electron interactions needed to obtain the relevant spin dynamics. The resulting reduced Hamiltonian is solved by exact diagonalization. We compare three prototypical cases of 3d transition metals Mn (total spin S = 5/2), Fe (S = 2), and Co (S = 3/2) on MgO with experimental data and find that our calculations can accurately predict the spin orientation and anisotropy of the magnetic adatom. Our method does not rely on experimental input and allows us to explore and predict the fundamental magnetic properties of adatoms on surfaces.
Published: 2020

15. The Forced Response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation–Indian Monsoon Teleconnection in Ensembles of Earth System Models

Author: European Commission, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Herein, Matyas, Lunkeit, Frank, Lucarini, Valerio, European Commission, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Herein, Matyas, Lunkeit, Frank, and Lucarini, Valerio
Abstract: We study the teleconnection between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in large ensemble simulations, the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM), and the Community Earth System Model (CESM1). We characterize ENSO by the June–August Niño-3 box-average SST and the IM by the June–September average precipitation over India, and define their teleconnection in a changing climate as an ensemble-wise correlation. To test robustness, we also consider somewhat different variables that can characterize ENSO and the IM. We utilize ensembles converged to the system’s snapshot attractor for analyzing possible changes in the teleconnection. Our main finding is that the teleconnection strength is typically increasing on the long term in view of appropriately revised ensemble-wise indices. Indices involving a more western part of the Pacific reveal, furthermore, a short-term but rather strong increase in strength followed by some decrease at the turn of the century. Using the station-based Southern Oscillation index (SOI) as opposed to area-based indices leads to the identification of somewhat more erratic trends, but the turn-of-the-century “bump” is well detectable with it. All this is in contrast, if not in contradiction, to the discussion in the literature of a weakening teleconnection in the late twentieth century. We show here that this discrepancy can be due to any of three reasons: 1) ensemble-wise and temporal correlation coefficients used in the literature are different quantities; 2) the temporal moving correlation has a high statistical variability but possibly also persistence; or 3) MPI-ESM does not represent the Earth system faithfully.
Published: 2020

16. The EC-HDA9 complex rhythmically regulates histone acetylation at the TOC1 promoter in Arabidopsis

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Seo, Pil Joon [0000-0002-5499-3138], Lee, Kyounghee, Más, Paloma, Seo, Pil Joon, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Seo, Pil Joon [0000-0002-5499-3138], Lee, Kyounghee, Más, Paloma, and Seo, Pil Joon
Abstract: Circadian clocks are conserved time-keeper mechanisms in some prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes. Chromatin modification is emerging as key regulatory mechanism for refining core clock gene expression. Rhythmic changes in histone marks are closely associated to the TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1) Arabidopsis clock gene. However, the chromatin-related modifiers responsible for these marks remain largely unknown. Here, we uncover that the chromatin modifier HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) and the Evening complex (EC) component EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) directly interact to regulate the declining phase of TOC1 after its peak expression. We found that HDA9 specifically binds to the TOC1 promoter through the interaction with ELF3. The EC-HDA9 complex promotes H3 deacetylation at the TOC1 locus, contributing to suppressing TOC1 expression during the night, the time of EC function. Therefore, we have identified the mechanism by which the circadian clock intertwines with chromatin-related components to shape the circadian waveforms of gene expression in Arabidopsis.
Published: 2019

17. Viscometric Investigations on Chromium Soaps in Benzene-Methanol Mixture

Author: Mehrotra, K. N.; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Science, (Agra University), Khandari, Agra 282002, Jain, Mamta; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Science, (Agra University), Khandari, Agra 282002, Mehrotra, K. N.; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Science, (Agra University), Khandari, Agra 282002, and Jain, Mamta; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Science, (Agra University), Khandari, Agra 282002
Abstract: The density and viscosity of the solutions of chromium soaps (myristate, palmitate and stearate) in benzene-methanol (4:l V/V) mixture have been measured at a constant temperature 30 Â± 0.05 Â°C). The density and viscosity results have been explained on the basis of equations proposed by Root, Einstein, Vand, Moulik and Jones-Dole. The values of molar volume obtained by using Einstein's and Vand's equations were found to be in close agreement. The results of Root's and Jones-Dole equation confirm that the soap-soap interactions are almost negligible in dilute solutions. The values of CMC for chromium soaps obtained from density and viscosity measurements were in agreement.
Published: 2015

18. Prompt and Follow-up Multi-wavelength Observations of the GRB 161017A

Author: Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Lomonosov Moscow State University, National Research Foundation of Korea, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Science Foundation, Sadovnichy, V. A., Panasyuk, M.I., Svertilov, S. I., Lipunov, V. M., Bogomolov, V. V., Gorbovskoy, E. S., Bogomolov, A. V., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Gabovich, A., Hu, Y., Iyudin, A. F., Jeong, H. M., Jeong, S., Kim, M. B., Kornilov, V. G., Myagkova, I. N., Park, I. H., Petrov, V. L., Rebolo, R., Sánchez Ramírez, Rubén, Reglero, V., Sokolov, Vladimir V., Tyurina, N. V., Valeev, A. F., Vlasenko, D., Yashin, I. V., Yurkov, V. V., Zhang, B. B., Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Lomonosov Moscow State University, National Research Foundation of Korea, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Science Foundation, Sadovnichy, V. A., Panasyuk, M.I., Svertilov, S. I., Lipunov, V. M., Bogomolov, V. V., Gorbovskoy, E. S., Bogomolov, A. V., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Gabovich, A., Hu, Y., Iyudin, A. F., Jeong, H. M., Jeong, S., Kim, M. B., Kornilov, V. G., Myagkova, I. N., Park, I. H., Petrov, V. L., Rebolo, R., Sánchez Ramírez, Rubén, Reglero, V., Sokolov, Vladimir V., Tyurina, N. V., Valeev, A. F., Vlasenko, D., Yashin, I. V., Yurkov, V. V., and Zhang, B. B.
Abstract: This paper presents data on the simultaneous and complementary observations of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 161017A for optical, X-ray, and gamma wavelengths obtained by the Russian multi-messenger Lomonosov space observatory and supplemented by additional data from the Swift satellite as well as the ground-based MASTER Global Robotic Net and the 10 m Gran Telescopio Canarias. Multifrequency spectra of this very powerful explosion indicate that it originated at a distance of 10 billion light years from Earth. Here, we present the results of the prompt, early, and afterglow optical observations. The light curves and spectra suggest that the prompt optical and high-energy emissions occur in the same region near the GRB source. © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018

19. Identification of a millisecond isomeric state in Cd81129 via the detection of internal conversion and Compton electrons

Author: Taprogge, J.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Jungclaus, A.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Grawe, H.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Nishimura, S.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Xu, Z.Y.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Doornenbal, P.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Lorusso, G.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Nácher, E.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Simpson, G.S.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Söderström, P.-A.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Sumikama, T.(Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan), Baba, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Browne, F.(School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4JG, United Kingdom), Fukuda, N.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Gernhäuser, R.(Physik Department E12, Technische Universität München, Garching, D-85748, Germany), Gey, G.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Inabe, N.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Isobe, T.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Jung, H.S.(Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea), Kameda, D.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Kim, G.D.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Kim, Y.-K.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Kojouharov, I.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Kubo, T.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Kurz, N.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Kwon, Y.K.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Li, Z.(School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China), Sakurai, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Schaffner, H.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Steiger, K.(Physik Department E12, Technische Universität München, Garching, D-85748, Germany), Suzuki, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Takeda, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Vajta, Zs.(MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary), Watanabe, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Wu, J.(School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China), Yagi, A.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Yoshinaga, K.(Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan), Benzoni, G.(INFN, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, Milano, I-20133, Italy), Bönig, S.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Chae, K.Y.(Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea), Coraggio, L.(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Covello, A.(Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Daugas, J.-M.(CEA, DAM, DIF, Arpajon cedex, 91297, France), Drouet, F.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Gadea, A.(Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC, Univ. of Valencia, Paterna, E-46980, Spain), Gargano, A.(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Ilieva, S.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Kondev, F.G.(Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA), Kröll, T.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Lane, G.J.(Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia), Montaner-Pizá, A.(Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC, Univ. of Valencia, Paterna, E-46980, Spain), Moschner, K.(IKP, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50937, Germany), Mücher, D.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Naqvi, F.(Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8120, USA), Niikura, M.(Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033), Nishibata, H.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Odahara, A.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Orlandi, R.(Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, K.U. Leuven, Heverlee, B-3001, Belgium), Patel, Z.(Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom), Podolyák, Zs.(Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom), and Wendt, A.(IKP, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50937, Germany)
Subjects: Isomeric decays, Shell model calculations, Nuclear Theory, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Transition strengths, Nuclear Experiment, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract: The decay of an isomeric state in the neutron-rich nucleus 129Cd has been observed via the detection of internal conversion and Compton electrons providing first experimental information on excited states in this nucleus. The isomer was populated in the projectile fission of a 238U beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. From the measured yields of γ-rays and internal conversion electrons, a multipolarity of E3 was tentatively assigned to the isomeric transition. A half-life of T1/2=3.6(2) ms was determined for the new state which was assigned a spin of (21/2+), based on a comparison to shell model calculations performed using state-of-the-art realistic effective interactions. Keywords: Isomeric decays, Transition strengths, Shell model calculations
Published: 2014

20. Nucleotide sequence and expression of the ncr nickel and cobalt resistance in Hafnia alvei 5-5

Author: Jeong Eun Park; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, Hans-Günter Schlegel; Institute for Microbiology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany, Ho Gun Rhie; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, Ho Sa Lee; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, Jeong Eun Park; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, Hans-Günter Schlegel; Institute for Microbiology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany, Ho Gun Rhie; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea, and Ho Sa Lee; Department of Biology, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea
Abstract: The structural genes for the nickel and cobalt resistance of the conjugative plasmid pEJH 501 of Hafnia alvei 5-5, contained on a SalI-EcoRI fragment of 4.8 kb, were cloned and sequenced. The DNA sequence included five genes in the following order: ncrA, ncrB, ncrC, ncrY, and ncrX. The predicted amino acid sequences of ncrA were homologous to the amino acid sequences of nreB of Achromobacter xylosoxidans 31A. Expression of ncr with the T7 RNA polymerase-promoter system allowed Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) to overexpress NcrA, NcrB, and NcrC but not NcrY, and NcrX. The apparent molecular masses of NcrA, NcrB, and NcrC were 30, 33, and 17 kDa, respectively. Primer-extension analysis showed that ncr mRNA started at nucleotide position 23 upstream from ncrA. The promoter region of the ncr operon possessed a strong, putative –35 element of σ32-type promoter sequence, and transcriptional 'lacZ fusion studies indicated that the –35 element influenced σ32-specific transcription. [Int Microbiol 2004; 7(1):27–34]
Published: 2010

21. Comments on <math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>d</mi><msub><mi>S</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> solutions from M2-branes on complex curves and the backreacted Kähler geometry

Author: Kim, NakwooDepartment of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Science, Kyung Hee University, 130-701, Seoul, Korea
Subjects: Computer Science::Digital Libraries
Abstract: We consider AdS2 solutions of M-theory which are obtained by twisted compactifications of M2-branes on a complex curve. They are of a generalized class, in the sense that the non-abelian part of the connection for the holomorphic bundle over the supersymmetric cycle is nontrivial. They are solutions of U(1)4 gauged supergravity in D=4 , with magnetic flux over the curve, and then uplifted to D=11 . We discuss the behavior of conformal fixed points as a function of the non-abelian connection. We also describe how they fit into the general description of wrapped M2-brane AdS2 solutions and their higher-order generalizations, by showing that they satisfy the master equation for the eight-dimensional Kähler base space.
Published: 2014

22. Stimulation of CD8 T cells with membrane vesicles prepared from antigen presenting cells

Author: Sprent, Jonathan, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, King, Cecile, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Cho, Jae-Ho, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, South Korea, Jin, Dongbin, Clinical School - St Vincent's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sprent, Jonathan, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, King, Cecile, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Cho, Jae-Ho, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, South Korea, and Jin, Dongbin, Clinical School - St Vincent's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW
Abstract: Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising tool to treat diseases via enhancing or suppressing immune responses of T cells. For infectious diseases and cancer, inducing expansion of antigen–specific CD8 T cells has proved effective in preclinical and clinical studies for eliminating infected or malignant cells. In this thesis a subcellular vaccine prepared by sonication of disrupted mature dendritic cells (DCs) followed by loading with specific peptides was developed and used to stimulate naïve CD8 T cells. To achieve this, a new culture method was developed to prepare large numbers of mature DCs from mouse bone marrow (BM). Cell disruption and sonication of these BMDCs yielded membrane vesicle nano-particles that were immunogenic for CD8 T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, the in vivo immunogenicity of the vesicles was considerably increased when co-delivered with anti-CD9 antibodies and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, especially when given in multiple injections. Preliminary experiments demonstrated the potential of membrane vesicles for cancer immunotherapy in murine models.
Published: 2015

23. STRESSing the role of the plant circadian clock

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Seo, Pil Joon, Más, Paloma, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Seo, Pil Joon, and Más, Paloma
Abstract: The circadian clock is a timekeeper mechanism that is able to regulate biological activities with a period of 24 h. Proper matching of the internal circadian time with the environment not only confers fitness advantages but also allows the clock to temporally gate the responses to environmental stresses. By restricting the time of maximal responsiveness, the circadian gating defines an efficient way to increase resistance to stress without substantially decreasing plant growth. Stress signaling in turn appears to influence the clock activity. The feedback regulation might be important to maximize metabolic efficiency under challenging environmental conditions. This review focuses on recent research advances exploring the intricate connection between the clock and osmotic stresses. The role of the circadian clock favoring the proper balance between immune responses and cellular metabolism is also discussed.
Published: 2015

24. Charge transport in polycrystalline graphene: Challenges and opportunities

Author: Secretaría de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Distrito Federal (México), Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministry of Knowledge Economy (South Korea), Ministry of Education (South Korea), University of Helsinki, Austrian Science Fund, Samsung, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Cummings, Aron W., Loc Duong, Dinh, Luan Nguyen, Van, Tuan, Dinh van, Kotakoski, Jani, Barrios Vargas, José Eduardo, Hee Lee, Young, Roche, Stephan, Secretaría de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Distrito Federal (México), Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministry of Knowledge Economy (South Korea), Ministry of Education (South Korea), University of Helsinki, Austrian Science Fund, Samsung, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Cummings, Aron W., Loc Duong, Dinh, Luan Nguyen, Van, Tuan, Dinh van, Kotakoski, Jani, Barrios Vargas, José Eduardo, Hee Lee, Young, and Roche, Stephan
Abstract: Graphene has attracted significant interest both for exploring fundamental science and for a wide range of technological applications. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is currently the only working approach to grow graphene at wafer scale, which is required for industrial applications. Unfortunately, CVD graphene is intrinsically polycrystalline, with pristine graphene grains stitched together by disordered grain boundaries, which can be either a blessing or a curse. On the one hand, grain boundaries are expected to degrade the electrical and mechanical properties of polycrystalline graphene, rendering the material undesirable for many applications. On the other hand, they exhibit an increased chemical reactivity, suggesting their potential application to sensing or as templates for synthesis of one-dimensional materials. Therefore, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of the structure and properties of graphene grain boundaries. Here, we review experimental progress on identification and electrical and chemical characterization of graphene grain boundaries. We use numerical simulations and transport measurements to demonstrate that electrical properties and chemical modification of graphene grain boundaries are strongly correlated. This not only provides guidelines for the improvement of graphene devices, but also opens a new research area of engineering graphene grain boundaries for highly sensitive electro-biochemical devices. By controlling the structures, distribution, and chemical functionalization of grain boundaries of graphene at the nanoscale, one can envision disruptive technologies and novel fields of research. In this review, we present fascinating opportunities offered by this versatile material, together with a description of its essential structural and electronic features.
Published: 2014

25. OsASN1 Overexpression in Rice Increases Grain Protein Content and Yield under Nitrogen-Limiting Conditions

Author: Dongjin Shin, Jin-Won Lee, Gynheung An, Pyung Ok Lim, Joonheum Park, Sichul Lee, Céline Masclaux-Daubresse, Hong Gil Nam, Anne Marmagne, Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Kyung Hee University (KHU), Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R013-D1), PHC STAR no 34300ZK and 2017K1A3A1A21013795, and ANR-10-LABX-0040,SPS,Saclay Plant Sciences(2010)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Limiting factor, Nitrogen, Overexpression, Physiology, Knockout, Asparagine synthetase, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Plant Science, Asparagine synthetase 1, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Grain quality and yield, Ammonium, Cultivar, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, Nitrogen use efficiency, Oryza sativa, biology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01210, Chemistry, Crop yield, Regular Papers, food and beverages, Aspartate-Ammonia Ligase, Oryza, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Plants, Genetically Modified, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Agronomy, Seedlings, Seedling, Rice, Edible Grain, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Nitrogen (N) is a major limiting factor affecting crop yield in unfertilized soil. Thus, cultivars with a high N use efficiency (NUE) and good grain protein content (GPC) are needed to fulfill the growing food demand and to reduce environmental burden. This is especially true for rice (Oryza sativa L.) that is cultivated with a high input of N fertilizer and is a primary staple food crop for more than half of the global population. Here, we report that rice asparagine synthetase 1 (OsASN1) is required for grain yield and grain protein contents under both N-sufficient (conventional paddy fields) and N-limiting conditions from analyses of knockout mutant plants. In addition, we show that overexpression (OX) of OsASN1 results in better nitrogen uptake and assimilation, and increased tolerance to N limitation at the seedling stage. Under field conditions, the OsASN1 OX rice plants produced grains with increased N and protein contents without yield reduction compared to wild-type (WT) rice. Under N-limited conditions, the OX plants displayed increased grain yield and protein content with enhanced photosynthetic activity compared to WT rice. Thus, OsASN1 can be an effective target gene for the development of rice cultivars with higher grain protein content, NUE, and grain yield under N-limiting conditions.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Molecular Phylogenetic Study of the Ranunculaceae: Utility of the Nuclear 26S Ribosomal DNA in Inferring Intrafamilial Relationships

Author: Ro, Kyung-Eui, Keener, Carl S., and McPheron, Bruce A.
Published: 1997
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Current Understanding of Leaf Senescence in Rice

Author: Sichul Lee, Céline Masclaux-Daubresse, Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R013-D1), and ANR-17-EURE-0007,SPS-GSR,Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay(2017)
Subjects: Chlorophyll, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, leaf senescence, Review, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrient, Plant Growth Regulators, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Transcriptional regulation, Biology (General), Spectroscopy, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, food and beverages, General Medicine, nitrogen remobilization, Computer Science Applications, phytohormones, Chemistry, Senescence, Nutrient cycle, productivity, Nitrogen, QH301-705.5, Biology, Genes, Plant, Catalysis, chlorophyll breakdown, Inorganic Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, stay-green, transcription factors, Botany, Grain quality, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, QD1-999, rice, Organic Chemistry, fungi, Oryza, 15. Life on land, Plant Leaves, Plant Breeding, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Chlorophyll breakdown, Sink (computing), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Leaf senescence, which is the last developmental phase of plant growth, is controlled by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Leaf yellowing is a visual indicator of senescence due to the loss of the green pigment chlorophyll. During senescence, the methodical disassembly of macromolecules occurs, facilitating nutrient recycling and translocation from the sink to the source organs, which is critical for plant fitness and productivity. Leaf senescence is a complex and tightly regulated process, with coordinated actions of multiple pathways, responding to a sophisticated integration of leaf age and various environmental signals. Many studies have been carried out to understand the leaf senescence-associated molecular mechanisms including the chlorophyll breakdown, phytohormonal and transcriptional regulation, interaction with environmental signals, and associated metabolic changes. The metabolic reprogramming and nutrient recycling occurring during leaf senescence highlight the fundamental role of this developmental stage for the nutrient economy at the whole plant level. The strong impact of the senescence-associated nutrient remobilization on cereal productivity and grain quality is of interest in many breeding programs. This review summarizes our current knowledge in rice on (i) the actors of chlorophyll degradation, (ii) the identification of stay-green genotypes, (iii) the identification of transcription factors involved in the regulation of leaf senescence, (iv) the roles of leaf-senescence-associated nitrogen enzymes on plant performance, and (v) stress-induced senescence. Compiling the different advances obtained on rice leaf senescence will provide a framework for future rice breeding strategies to improve grain yield.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Case studies of electrical characterisation of graphene by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Author: Frederik Westergaard Østerberg, Stiven Forti, Clifford McAleese, Kenneth B. K. Teo, Binbin Zhou, Iwona Pasternak, Haofei Shi, Da Luo, Steven Brems, Odile Bezencenet, Camilla Coletti, Cedric Huyghebaert, Pierre Legagneux, Neeraj Mishra, Ben R. Conran, Timothy J. Booth, Bruno Dlubak, Abhay Shivayogimath, Alexandre Jouvray, Amaia Zurutuza, Cunzhi Sun, Birong Luo, Jie Ji, David M. A. Mackenzie, Qian Shen, Wlodek Strupinski, Dirch Hjorth Petersen, Peter Bøggild, Bjarke Sørensen Jessen, Ilargi Napal, Peter Uhd Jepsen, Alba Centeno, Patrick Rebsdorf Whelan, Deping Huang, Meihui Wang, Pierre Seneor, Rodney S. Ruoff, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation, @NEST (CNI), National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS)-Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP)-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Pisa] (CNR PISA)-Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS)-Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP)-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Pisa] (CNR PISA), IIT Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Nanchang University, Zhejiang University of Technology, Columbia University [New York], Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Vigo System S.A., Aalto University, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) - Ulsan, CAPRES - A KLA Company, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CIGIT), Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) (CMCM), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), AIXTRON SE, IMEC (IMEC), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Graphenea S.A., Virgo System S.A., Thales Research and Technologies [Orsay] (TRT), Technical University of Denmark, Thales, Italian Institute of Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Université Paris-Saclay, Tianjin Normal University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute for Basic Science, Aixtron SE, IMEC Vzw, Graphenea, and Aalto-yliopisto
Subjects: large-scale graphene, Materials science, Terahertz radiation, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, terahertz spectroscopy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, CVD graphene, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Process optimization, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, large-scale grapheme, Graphene, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Terahertz spectroscopy and technology, Metrology, Characterization (materials science), CVD grapheme, Mechanics of Materials, 0210 nano-technology, electrical mapping
Abstract: Graphene metrology needs to keep up with the fast pace of developments in graphene growth and transfer. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a non-contact, fast, and non-destructive characterization technique for mapping the electrical properties of graphene. Here we show several case studies of graphene characterization on a range of different substrates that highlight the versatility of THz-TDS measurements and its relevance for process optimization in graphene production scenarios.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Changing El Nino-Southern Oscillation in a warming climate

Author: Fan Jia, Michael J. McPhaden, Yoo-Geun Ham, Tao Geng, Josephine R. Brown, Axel Timmermann, Xiaopei Lin, Malte F. Stuecker, Benjamin Ng, Guojian Wang, Li Zhang, Jae Heung Park, Antonietta Capotondi, Karl Stein, Xichen Li, Kim M. Cobb, Bolan Gan, Tobias Bayr, Fei-Fei Jin, Christina Karamperidou, Boris Dewitte, Andréa S. Taschetto, Agus Santoso, Wenxiu Zhong, Xiao-Tong Zheng, Jun Ying, Wenju Cai, Sang-Wook Yeh, Lixin Wu, Shayne McGregor, Matthieu Lengaigne, Hyun-Su Jo, Kai Yang, Matthew Collins, Yun Yang, Jong-Seong Kug, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of South Wales (USW), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Climate Change Research Centre [Sydney] (CCRC), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), School of Earth Sciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (UMPA-ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Ocean University of China (OUC), Institute of Basic Science (IBS), School of Electronics and Computer Science (ECS), University of Southampton, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE01-0012,ARiSE,Rôle de la non-linéarité de la réponse atmosphérique à la température de l'océan dans la physique d'ENSO (El Niño Oscillation Australe)(2018)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, interannual timescale, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, mean-state, Climate change, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, nino/southern-oscillation, tropical pacific-ocean, interdecadal changes, atmospheric teleconnections, sea-surface temperature, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Earth-Surface Processes, Greenhouse warming, 15. Life on land, Pollution, intermodel uncertainty, La Niña, Sea surface temperature, enso amplitude change, El Niño Southern Oscillation, Stratification (seeds), 13. Climate action, Internal variability, Climatology, la-nina, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Teleconnection
Abstract: Originating in the equatorial Pacific, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has highly consequential global impacts, motivating the need to understand its responses to anthropogenic warming. In this Review, we synthesize advances in observed and projected changes of multiple aspects of ENSO, including the processes behind such changes. As in previous syntheses, there is an inter-model consensus of an increase in future ENSO rainfall variability. Now, however, it is apparent that models that best capture key ENSO dynamics also tend to project an increase in future ENSO sea surface temperature variability and, thereby, ENSO magnitude under greenhouse warming, as well as an eastward shift and intensification of ENSO-related atmospheric teleconnections — the Pacific–North American and Pacific–South American patterns. Such projected changes are consistent with palaeoclimate evidence of stronger ENSO variability since the 1950s compared with past centuries. The increase in ENSO variability, though underpinned by increased equatorial Pacific upper-ocean stratification, is strongly influenced by internal variability, raising issues about its quantifiability and detectability. Yet, ongoing coordinated community efforts and computational advances are enabling long-simulation, large-ensemble experiments and high-resolution modelling, offering encouraging prospects for alleviating model biases, incorporating fundamental dynamical processes and reducing uncertainties in projections. Key points Under anthropogenic warming, the majority of climate models project faster background warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific compared with the west. The observed equatorial Pacific surface warming pattern since 1980, though opposite to the projected faster warming in the equatorial eastern Pacific, is within the inter-model range in terms of sea surface temperature (SST) gradients and is subject to influence from internal variability. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) rainfall responses in the equatorial Pacific are projected to intensify and shift eastward, leading to an eastward intensification of extratropical teleconnections. ENSO SST variability and extreme ENSO events are projected to increase under greenhouse warming, with a stronger inter-model consensus in CMIP6 compared with CMIP5. However, the time of emergence for ENSO SST variability is later than that for ENSO rainfall variability, opposite to that for mean SST versus mean rainfall. Future ENSO change is likely influenced by past variability, such that quantification of future ENSO in the only realization of the real world is challenging. Although there is no definitive relationship of ENSO variability with the mean zonal SST gradient or seasonal cycle, palaeoclimate records suggest a causal connection between vertical temperature stratification and ENSO strength, and a greater ENSO strength since the 1950s than in past centuries, supporting an emerging increase in ENSO variability under greenhouse warming.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Concurrent activation of OsAMT1;2 and OsGOGAT1 in rice leads to enhanced nitrogen use efficiency under nitrogen limitation

Author: Hong Gil Nam, Anne Marmagne, Sichul Lee, Tae-Heon Kim, Joonheum Park, Céline Masclaux-Daubresse, Pyung Ok Lim, Sun-ji Kim, Chardon Fabien, Yehyun Yim, Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institut des sciences et de la technologie (DGIST), and Institute for Basic Science from the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning IBS-R013-D1LabEx Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPSINRA PHC STAR 38835PL 2017K1A3A1A21013795
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Plant growth, Nitrogen, Ammonium transporter 1, chemistry.chemical_element, Oryza sativa, Plant Science, Biology, activation tagging mutant, 01 natural sciences, nitrogen use efficiency, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, High nitrogen, Sustainable agriculture, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Ammonium, Cation Transport Proteins, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Glutamate Synthase, food and beverages, Oryza, Cell Biology, 15. Life on land, Enzyme Activation, Glutamate synthetase 1, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Agronomy, Seedlings, Agriculture, grain quality and yield, Mutation, Paddy field, Original Article, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Summary Nitrogen (N) is a major factor for plant development and productivity. However, the application of nitrogenous fertilizers generates environmental and economic problems. To cope with the increasing global food demand, the development of rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is indispensable for reducing environmental issues and achieving sustainable agriculture. Here, we report that the concomitant activation of the rice (Oryza sativa) Ammonium transporter 1;2 (OsAMT1;2) and Glutamate synthetase 1 (OsGOGAT1) genes leads to increased tolerance to nitrogen limitation and to better ammonium uptake and N remobilization at the whole plant level. We show that the double activation of OsAMT1;2 and OsGOGAT1 increases plant performance in agriculture, providing better N grain filling without yield penalty under paddy field conditions, as well as better grain yield and N content when plants are grown under N llimitations in field conditions. Combining OsAMT1;2 and OsGOGAT1 activation provides a good breeding strategy for improving plant growth, nitrogen use efficiency and grain productivity, especially under nitrogen limitation, through the enhancement of both nitrogen uptake and assimilation., Significance Statement We report that concurrent activation of OsAMT1;2 and OsGOGAT1 confers better growth and improves the grain yield and quality of rice, especially under nitrogen limitation. Thus, our approach constitutes a promising strategy for improving nitrogen use efficiency in rice.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Early correction of synaptic long-term depression improves abnormal anxiety-like behavior in adult GluN2B-C456Y-mutant mice

Author: Benjamin Serraz, Yong Chul Bae, Eunjoon Kim, Doyoun Kim, Pierre Paoletti, Kyungdeok Kim, Muwon Kang, Eun-Jae Lee, Hyejin Lee, Yi Sul Cho, Wangyong Shin, Bodescot, Myriam, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyungpook National University [Daegu] (KNU), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), University of Ulsan, This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant #693021 to PP), the University Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (UPMC Paris 6) and the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) (fellowships to BS), the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT, NRF-2017R1A5A2015391 to YCB), and the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R002-D1 to EK)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyungpook National University [Daegu], Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Xenopus, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Social Sciences, Haploinsufficiency, Anxiety, Nervous System, Hippocampus, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Gene Knock-In Techniques, Biology (General), Receptor, Long-term depression, Mammals, Neurons, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Animal Behavior, Behavior, Animal, General Neuroscience, Glutamate receptor, Eukaryota, Brain, Long-term potentiation, Animal Models, 3. Good health, Electrophysiology, Experimental Organism Systems, Vertebrates, Xenopus Oocytes, NMDA receptor, Frogs, Anatomy, Cellular Types, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ionotropic effect, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, QH301-705.5, Neurophysiology, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Protein degradation, Research and Analysis Methods, Rodents, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Amphibians, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Genetics, Animals, Behavior, General Immunology and Microbiology, Long-Term Synaptic Depression, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Cell Biology, Mice, Mutant Strains, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, nervous system, Cycloserine, Cellular Neuroscience, Amniotes, Synapses, Mutation, biology.protein, Animal Studies, GRIN2B, Zoology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract: Extensive evidence links Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (GRIN2B), encoding the GluN2B/NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), with various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, it remains unknown whether mutations in GluN2B, which starts to be expressed early in development, induces early pathophysiology that can be corrected by early treatments for long-lasting effects. We generated and characterized Grin2b-mutant mice that carry a heterozygous, ASD-risk C456Y mutation (Grin2b+/C456Y). In Grin2b+/C456Y mice, GluN2B protein levels were strongly reduced in association with decreased hippocampal NMDAR currents and NMDAR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) but unaltered long-term potentiation, indicative of mutation-induced protein degradation and LTD sensitivity. Behaviorally, Grin2b+/C456Y mice showed normal social interaction but exhibited abnormal anxiolytic-like behavior. Importantly, early, but not late, treatment of young Grin2b+/C456Y mice with the NMDAR agonist D-cycloserine rescued NMDAR currents and LTD in juvenile mice and improved anxiolytic-like behavior in adult mice. Therefore, GluN2B-C456Y haploinsufficiency decreases GluN2B protein levels, NMDAR-dependent LTD, and anxiety-like behavior, and early activation of NMDAR function has long-lasting effects on adult mouse behavior., Mice that carry a heterozygous, autism spectrum disorder-risk C456Y mutation in the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B show decreased protein levels, hippocampal NMDAR currents, and NMDAR-dependent long-term depression and have abnormal anxiolytic-like behavior. Early, but not late, treatment of the young mice with the NMDAR agonist D-cycloserine rescues these phenotypes.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Editorial: Shankopathies: Shank Protein Deficiency-Induced Synaptic Diseases

Author: Elodie Ey, Thomas Bourgeron, Tobias M. Boeckers, Eunjoon Kim, Kihoon Han, Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université de Paris (UP), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea University [Seoul], This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the Université de Paris, the Institut Pasteur, and the Bettencourt-Schueller foundation (to EE and TB), by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)-Projektnummer 251293561-SFB 1149 (project A2) (to TMB), by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R002-D1 to EK), and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2018R1C1B6001235 to KH). TMB was further supported by the BIU2 initiative, the Else Kröner Foundation, the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 777394 (AIMS 2 Trials), which is composed of financial contributions from the European Union and EFPIA companies' in-kind contribution and the DZNE, Ulm site., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neurodegenerative diseases, Brain, Shankopathies, Nervendegeneration, Biology, Hirnareal, lcsh:RC321-571, modulating factors, 3. Good health, Shank, neuropsychiatric disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:610, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, brain regions, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Two-magnon scattering in the 5d all-in-all-out pyrochlore magnet Cd2Os2O7

Author: Noh, Tae [Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul (Republic of Korea); Seoul National Univ. (SNU), Seoul (Republic of Korea)]
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Constraining Higgsino kink tracks from existing LHC searches

Author: Lee, Hye [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon (Korea)]
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Interface Control of Ferroelectricity in an SrRuO3/BaTiO3/SrRuO3 Capacitor and its Critical Thickness

Author: Noh, Tae [Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, (Republic of Korea); Seoul National Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea)]
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Liquid scintillator tiles for calorimetry

Author: Youn, S. [Institute for Basic Science, Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Yuseong-gu (South Korea). Department of Physics]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Spontaneous decays of magneto-elastic excitations in non-collinear antiferromagnet (Y,Lu)MnO3

Author: Park, Je [Institute of Basic Science, Seoul (Korea); Seoul National Univ., Seoul (Korea)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Strongly enhanced Rashba splittings in an oxide heterostructure: A tantalate monolayer on BaHfO

Author: Chung, Suk [Seoul National Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul (Korea)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Long-lived, colour-triplet scalars from unnaturalness

Author: Spray, Andrew [The University of Melbourne, Victoria (Australia); Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon (Korea)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide Variations on Centennial Time Scales During the Past Two Millennia

Author: Thomas Blunier, Soon-Do Hur, Jinho Ahn, Axel Timmermann, Edward J. Brook, Yeongjun Ryu, Ji-Woong Yang, Seong-Joong Kim, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oregon State University (OSU), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Korea Basic Science Institute, KBSI: IBS-R028-D1 National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF: NRF-2018R1A2B3003256, We thank Soonil An and Seok-Woo Son for valuable comments. Financial support was provided by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (NRF-2018R1A2B3003256). A.?T. was supported by the Institute for Basic Science (Project Code IBS-R028-D1)., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and IT University of Copenhagen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, N2O EMISSIONS, Subtropics, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), STYX GLACIER, Ice core, Paleoclimatology, Ozone layer, paleoclimate, HOLOCENE, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Eemian, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, nitrous oxide, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global warming, Glacier, ASIAN SOUTHWEST MONSOON, NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE, SUMMER MONSOON, CLIMATE, VARIABILITY, 13. Climate action, Climatology, GREENLAND ICE CORE, VICTORIA LAND, Environmental science, ice core
Abstract: The continuous growth of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) is of concern for its potential role in global warming and future stratospheric ozone destruction. Climate feedbacks that enhance N2O emissions in response to global warming are not well understood, and past records of N2O from ice cores are not sufficiently well resolved to examine the underlying climate-N2O feedbacks on societally relevant time scales. Here, we present a new high-resolution and high-precision N2O reconstruction obtained from the Greenland NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) and the Antarctic Styx Glacier ice cores. Covering the N2O history of the past two millennia, our reconstruction shows a centennial-scale variability of similar to 10 ppb. A pronounced minimum at similar to 600 CE coincides with the reorganizations of tropical hydroclimate and ocean productivity changes. Comparisons with proxy records suggest association of centennial- to millennial-scale variations in N2O with changes in tropical and subtropical land hydrology and marine productivity.Plain Language Summary Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas. The growing level of N2O in the atmosphere is of global concern, and records of past N2O variations can provide an important context for understanding the links between N2O and climate change. In this study, we report new, high-quality N2O records covering the last two millennia using ice cores obtained from Greenland and Antarctica. Our N2O records show rapid centennial-scale changes in atmospheric N2O and confirm a pronounced minimum near 600 CE. Comparison with climate records suggests that hydroclimate change on land and changes in marine productivity contribute to centennial- to millennial-scale N2O variations.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Experimental evidence of space charge driven resonances in high intensity linear accelerators

Author: Jeon, Dong [Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon (Republic of Korea)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Spatially resolved penetration depth measurements and vortex manipulation in the ferromagnetic superconductor ErNiBC

Author: Kim, Jeehoon [Institute for Basic Science, Pohang (Korea); Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology, Pohang (Korea)]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Latent instabilities in metallic LaNiO₃ films by strain control of Fermi-surface topology

Author: Noh, Tae [Institute for Basic Science, Seoul (Republic of Korea); Seoul National Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea)]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Large local lattice expansion in graphene adlayers grown on copper

Author: Hakim Arezki, Chaoyu Chen, Mohamed Boutchich, Young Hee Lee, Van Luan Nguyen, José Avila, Jiahong Shen, Marcin Mucha-Kruczynski, Maria C. Asensio, Fei Yao, Yue Chen, Synchrotron SOLEIL ( SSOLEIL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Génie électrique et électronique de Paris ( GeePs ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CentraleSupélec-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China., Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, UK., Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Florida] ( ECE ), University of Florida [Gainesville], Department of Energy Science, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Génie électrique et électronique de Paris (GeePs), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sungkyunkwan University [Suwon] (SKKU), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Hong Kong], The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Department of Materials Science [Fudan University], Fudan University [Shanghai], Department of Physics [Bath], University of Bath [Bath], and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology [University of Bath]
Subjects: Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Lattice constant, law, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, Monolayer, [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Graphene, Mechanical Engineering, Heterojunction, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Copper, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Chemical physics, Density functional theory, 0210 nano-technology, [ PHYS.COND ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]
Abstract: International audience; Variations of the lattice parameter can significantly change the properties of a material, and, in particular, its electronic behaviour. In the case of graphene, however, variations of the lattice constant with respect to graphite have been limited to less than 2.5% due to its well-established high in-plane stiffness. Here, through systematic electronic and lattice structure studies, we report regions where the lattice constant of graphene monolayers grown on copper by chemical vapour deposition increases up to ~7.5% of its relaxed value. Density functional theory calculations confirm that this expanded phase is energetically metastable and driven by the enhanced interaction between the substrate and the graphene adlayer. We also prove that this phase possesses distinctive chemical and electronic properties. The inherent phase complexity of graphene grown on copper foils revealed in this study may inspire the investigation of possible metastable phases in other seemingly simple heterostructure systems.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Individual variability in brain representations of pain

Author: Lada Kohoutová, Lauren Y. Atlas, Christian Büchel, Jason T. Buhle, Stephan Geuter, Marieke Jepma, Leonie Koban, Anjali Krishnan, Dong Hee Lee, Sungwoo Lee, Mathieu Roy, Scott M. Schafer, Liane Schmidt, Tor D. Wager, Choong-Wan Woo, Sungkyunkwan University [Suwon] (SKKU), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Institute on Drug Abuse [Bethesda] (NIDA), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg, Germany], University of Southern California (USC), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Colorado [Boulder], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brooklyn College [CUNY], City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Dartmouth College [Hanover], and Koban, Leonie
Subjects: Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Humans, Pain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract: International audience; Characterizing cerebral contributions to individual variability in pain processing is crucial for personalized pain medicine, but has yet to be done. In the present study, we address this problem by identifying brain regions with high versus low interindividual variability in their relationship with pain. We trained idiographic pain-predictive models with 13 single-trial functional MRI datasets (n = 404, discovery set) and quantified voxel-level importance for individualized pain prediction. With 21 regions identified as important pain predictors, we examined the interindividual variability of local pain-predictive weights in these regions. Higher-order transmodal regions, such as ventromedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices, showed larger individual variability, whereas unimodal regions, such as somatomotor cortices, showed more stable pain representations across individuals. We replicated this result in an independent dataset (n = 124). Overall, our study identifies cerebral sources of individual differences in pain processing, providing potential targets for personalized assessment and treatment of pain.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Active DNA damage eviction by HLTF stimulates nucleotide excision repair

Author: Marvin van Toorn, Yasemin Turkyilmaz, Sueji Han, Di Zhou, Hyun-Suk Kim, Irene Salas-Armenteros, Mihyun Kim, Masaki Akita, Franziska Wienholz, Anja Raams, Eunjin Ryu, Sukhyun Kang, Arjan F. Theil, Karel Bezstarosti, Maria Tresini, Giuseppina Giglia-Mari, Jeroen A. Demmers, Orlando D. Schärer, Jun-Hyuk Choi, Wim Vermeulen, Jurgen A. Marteijn, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Science and Technology [Daejeon] (UST), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Giglia-Mari, Ambra, Molecular Genetics, and Biochemistry
Subjects: DNA Replication, post-replication repair, DNA Repair, TFIIH, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], damage eviction, DNA, Cell Biology, repair synthesis, HLTF, nucleotide excision repair, Article, UV damage response, DNA-Binding Proteins, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, DNA damage, Molecular Biology, genome stability
Abstract: International audience; Nucleotide excision repair (NER) counteracts the onset of cancer and aging by removing helix-distorting DNA lesions via a "cut-and-patch"-type reaction. The regulatory mechanisms that drive NER through its successive damage recognition, verification, incision, and gap restoration reaction steps remain elusive. Here, we show that the RAD5-related translocase HLTF facilitates repair through active eviction of incised damaged DNA together with associated repair proteins. Our data show a dual-incision-dependent recruitment of HLTF to the NER incision complex, which is mediated by HLTF's HIRAN domain that binds 3'-OH single-stranded DNA ends. HLTF's translocase motor subsequently promotes the dissociation of the stably damage-bound incision complex together with the incised oligonucleotide, allowing for an efficient PCNA loading and initiation of repair synthesis. Our findings uncover HLTF as an important NER factor that actively evicts DNA damage, thereby providing additional quality control by coordinating the transition between the excision and DNA synthesis steps to safeguard genome integrity.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Scale-Invariant Hidden Local Symmetry, Topology Change and Dense Baryonic Matter

Author: Won-Gi Paeng, Thomas T. S. Kuo, Hyun Kyu Lee, Mannque Rho, Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Korea, Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Physics [Seoul], Sogang University [Séoul], Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Abstract: When scale symmetry is implemented into hidden local symmetry in low-energy strong interactions to arrive at a scale-invariant hidden local symmetric (HLS) theory, the scalar $f_0(500)$ may be interpreted as pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone (pNG) boson, i.e., dilaton, of spontaneously broken scale invariance, joining the pseudo-scalar pNG bosons $\pi$ and the matter fields $V=(\rho,\omega)$ as relevant degrees of freedom. Implementing the skyrmion-half-skyrmion transition predicted at large $N_c$ in QCD at a density roughly twice the nuclear matter density found in the crystal simulation of dense skyrmion matter, we determine the intrinsically density-dependent (IDD) "bare parameters" of the scale-invariant HLS Lagrangian matched to QCD at a matching scale $\Lambda_M$. The resulting effective Lagrangian, with the parameters scaling with the density of the system, is applied to nuclear matter and dense baryonic matter relevant to massive compact stars by means of the double-decimation renormalization-group $V_{lowk}$ formalism. We satisfactorily post-dict the properties of normal nuclear matter and more significantly {\it predict} the EoS of dense compact-star matter that quantitatively accounts for the presently available data coming from both the terrestrial and space laboratories. We interpret the resulting structure of compact-star matter as revealing how the combination of hidden-scale symmetry and hidden local symmetry manifests itself in compressed baryonic matter., Comment: 37 pages and 14 figures, Revised for publication
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. R. S. WebTool, a web server for random sampling-based significance evaluation of pairwise distances

Author: June M. Kwak, Olivier Bastien, Florent Villiers, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, National Science Foundation (IOS1025837), Funding for open access charge: Institute for Basic Science, Republic of Korea, ANR-10-BLAN-1524,ReGal,Régulation moléculaire de la biosynthèse des Galactolipides chloroplastiques(2010), ANR-12-BIME-0005,DiaDomOil,Domestication des diatomées pour la production de biocarburants(2012), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-12-JCJC,ANR-12-JCJC,ANR-12-JCJC, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Villiers, Florent, and Bastien, Olivier
Subjects: Web server, MESH: computational biology, Bioinformatics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Monte Carlo method, Sciences du Vivant, Biology, computer.software_genre, Article, Software, Similarity (network science), Genetics, Cluster analysis, Internet, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, Life Sciences, Computational Biology, Function (mathematics), Visualization, Bio-informatique, Pairwise comparison, Data mining, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business, computer, Monte Carlo Method, Algorithms
Abstract: International audience; Pairwise comparison of data vectors represents a large part of computational biology, especially with the continuous increase in genome-wide approaches yielding more information from more biological samples simultaneously. Gene clustering for function prediction as well as analyses of signalling pathways and the time-dependent dynamics of a system are common biological approaches that often rely on large dataset comparison. Different metrics can be used to evaluate the similarity between entities to be compared, such as correlation coefficients and distances. While the latter offers a more flexible way of measuring potential biological relationships between datasets, the significance of any given distance is highly dependent on the dataset and cannot be easily determined. Monte Carlo methods are robust approaches for evaluating the significance of distance values by multiple random permutations of the dataset followed by distance calculation. We have developed R. S. WebTool (http://rswebtool.kwaklab.org), a user-friendly online server for random sampling-based evaluation of distance significances that features an array of visualization and analysis tools to help non-bioinformaticist users extract significant relationships from random noise in distance-based dataset analyses.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Smoothness Analysis for Probabilistic Programs with Application to Optimised Variational Inference

Author: Wonyeol Lee, Xavier Rival, Hongseok Yang, Stanford University, Analyse Statique par Interprétation Abstraite (ANTIQUE), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Department of Computer Science [KAIST] (CS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yang was supported by the Engineering Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government MSIT (NRF-2018R1A5A1059921) and also by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R029-C1). Rival was supported by the French ANR VeriAMOS project, and ANR-18-CE25-0010,VeriAMOS,Vérification de Machines Abstraites pour les Systèmes d'Exploitation(2018)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Programming Languages, Probabilistic programming, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Static analysis, Variational inference, Smoothness, Software, Programming Languages (cs.PL), Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract: We present a static analysis for discovering differentiable or more generally smooth parts of a given probabilistic program, and show how the analysis can be used to improve the pathwise gradient estimator, one of the most popular methods for posterior inference and model learning. Our improvement increases the scope of the estimator from differentiable models to non-differentiable ones without requiring manual intervention of the user; the improved estimator automatically identifies differentiable parts of a given probabilistic program using our static analysis, and applies the pathwise gradient estimator to the identified parts while using a more general but less efficient estimator, called score estimator, for the rest of the program. Our analysis has a surprisingly subtle soundness argument, partly due to the misbehaviours of some target smoothness properties when viewed from the perspective of program analysis designers. For instance, some smoothness properties are not preserved by function composition, and this makes it difficult to analyse sequential composition soundly without heavily sacrificing precision. We formulate five assumptions on a target smoothness property, prove the soundness of our analysis under those assumptions, and show that our leading examples satisfy these assumptions. We also show that by using information from our analysis instantiated for differentiability, our improved gradient estimator satisfies an important differentiability requirement and thus computes the correct estimate on average (i.e., returns an unbiased estimate) under a regularity condition. Our experiments with representative probabilistic programs in the Pyro language show that our static analysis is capable of identifying smooth parts of those programs accurately, and making our improved pathwise gradient estimator exploit all the opportunities for high performance in those programs., Comment: To appear at POPL 2023 (camera-ready version with the appendix)
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author: Chloé Fougères, Francois de Oliveira Santos, Jordi Jose, Caterina Michelagnoli, Emmanuel Clément, Yung Hee Kim, Antoine Lemasson, Valdir Guimaraes, Diego Barrientos, Daniel Bemmerer, Giovanna Benzoni, Andrew Boston, Roman Bottger, Florent Boulay, Angela Bracco, Igor Celikovic, Bo Cederwall, Michal Ciemala, Clement Delafosse, Cesar Domingo-Pardo, Jeremie Dudouet, Jurgen Eberth, Zsolt Fulop, Vicente Gonzalez, Johan Goupil, Herbert Hess, Andrea Jungclaus, Ayse Kaşkaş, Amel Korichi, Silvia Lenzi, Silvia Leoni, Hongjie Li, Joa Ljungvall, Araceli Lopez-Martens, Roberto Menegazzo, Daniele Mengoni, Benedicte Million, Jaromir Mrazek, Daniel Napoli, Alahari Navin, Johan Nyberg, Zsolt Podolyak, Alberto Pullia, Begona Quintana, Damien Ralet, Nadine Redon, Peter Reiter, Kseniia Rezynkina, Frédéric Saillant, Marie-Delphine Salsac, Angel Sánchez-Benítez, Enrique Sanchis, Menekse Senyigit, Marco Siciliano, Nadezda Smirnova, Dorottya Sohler, mihai stanoiu, Christophe Theisen, Jose Javier Valiente-Dobon, Predrag Ujic, Madalena Zielinska, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de São Paulo (IFUSP), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), CERN [Genève], Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), University of Liverpool, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade (VINCA), Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Kernphysik der Universität zu Köln, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Physics Department, Ankara University, Ankara University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Universidad de Salamanca, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CEAFMC, University of Huelva, Laboratoire de Physique des Deux Infinis Bordeaux (LP2I - Bordeaux), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, IFIN-HH Bucharest, ANR-17-CE31-0026,OASIS,Optimisation d'Agata pour la physique(2017), and European Project: 212692,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2007-1,SPIRAL2PP(2007)
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics and Astronomy, astro-ph.SR, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), nucl-ex, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Na remains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The $^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In the present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mg states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced in novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

6,009 results on '"Institute for Basic Science"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources