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1. Cinquante années d’amélioration génétique du porc en France : bilan et perspectives

Author: Hélène Gilbert, Claire Hassenfratz, Hervé Garreau, Alain Ducos, Catherine Larzul, Thierry Tribout, Christophe Bazin, J. P. Bidanel, Sandrine Schwob, Denis Milan, Jean Pierre Bidanel, Parsaoran Silalahi, Marie-José Mercat, Juliette Riquet, Alain Bouquet, Laurianne Canario, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Bogor Agricultural University - IPB (INDONESIA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Pôle génétique, Institut du Porc, Pôle Génétique, École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA., Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pôle Amélioration de l'animal, Space Science and Engineering Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)
Subjects: Porc, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Artificial insemination, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Best linear unbiased prediction, Biology, Feed conversion ratio, Agricultural science, Pig breeding, Animal model, medicine, Génétique, Welfare, Genomic selection, media_common
Abstract: International audience; Cette synthèse fait le point sur les principales évolutions de l’amélioration génétique du porc en France depuis la loi sur l’élevage de 1966. Elle évoque rapidement les 20 premières années, qui ont fait l’objet d’une synthèse en 1986, puis décrit plus en détail les évolutions ultérieures. Les objectifs de sélection, initialement limités aux caractères de production, se sont complexifiés avec la prise en compte de la qualité de la viande, puis de la prolificité et enfin des aptitudes maternelles des truies. La mise en place d’une évaluation génétique utilisant la méthodologie du « BLUP - modèle animal » au milieu des années 1990 et le développement de l’insémination artificielle ont profondément changé le travail des sélectionneurs. Une nouvelle évolution majeure, la sélection génomique, a récemment été mise en place. La sélection a conduit à des améliorations importantes des performances pour les principaux caractères de l’objectif de sélection depuis 1970 : plus de 200 g de gain moyen quotidien, plus de 0,5 point d’indice de consommation, plus de 12 points de taux de viande maigre dans la carcasse, jusqu’à près de six porcelets nés vifs par portée supplémentaires. Ces évolutions favorables ont réduit l’empreinte environnementale de la production, mais ont également eu des effets défavorables : une augmentation la mortalité des porcelets avant sevrage et une plus grande hétérogénéité des performances. Les enjeux pour l’avenir en termes d’objectifs d’amélioration génétique (prise en compte de caractères liés au bien-être, à la robustesse et à l’adaptation…), de méthodes et d’outils sont ensuite discutés.
Published: 2018

2. Conséquences de l'Accord Economique et Commercial Global ( AECG/CETA). Les principaux impacts de l’Accord Economique et Commercial Global (AECG/CETA) sur les productions animales européennes

Author: Buczinski, Baptiste, Trouvé, Aurélie, Chotteau, Philippe, Rieu, Michel, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG (UMR_8586 / UMR_D_215 / UM_115)), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de l'Elevage ( Idele ), Institut de l'Elevage, Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique ( PRODIG ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sorbonne ( UP4 ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Institut du Porc ( IFIP ), International Federation for Information Processing [Laxenburg, Austria] ( IFIP ), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and International Federation for Information Processing [Laxenburg, Austria] (IFIP)
Subjects: Viande bovine, Exportations, [ SHS ] Humanities and Social Sciences, Importations, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Accord économique et commercial global, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Nearly 10 years after the launch of the negotiations, the CETA (Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement) was ratified by the EU institutions in February 2017. Even though member States of the European Union (EU) still have to ratify it, the bulk of this so-called mixed" agreement (shared powers between the EU and its member states) has been applied since the provisional entry of the agreement at the end of September 2017. Indeed, the implementation of the provisions of Community competence will not wait for the final ratification of the agreement. This is particularly the case for tariff issues that will have an impact on European agriculture, in particular by reducing still significant customs duties. It also offers new opportunities for downward revision of sanitary, phytosanitary and environmental standards.A study published by the Livestock Institute, IFIP and AgroParisTech shows that this agreement could weaken European production of beef and pork, through additional imports of meat at zero customs duty at certain times.; Près de 10 ans après le lancement des négociations, l’Accord Economique et Commercial Global (AECG) ou « Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement » (CETA, acronyme utilisé ci-après dans le texte) a été ratifié par les institutions communautaires en février 2017. Si les Etats membres de l’Union européenne (UE) doivent encore le ratifier, la majeure partie de cet accord dit « mixte » (compétences partagées entre l’UE et ses Etats membres) s’applique depuis l’entrée provisoire de l’accord fin septembre 2017. En effet, la mise en œuvre des dispositions de compétence communautaire n’attendra pas la ratification définitive de l’accord. C’est notamment le cas des questions tarifaires qui auront un impact sur les agricultures européennes, notamment par la baisse de droits de douane encore importants. Il offre également de nouvelles possibilités de révision à la baisse des normes sanitaires, phytosanitaires et environnementales. Une étude publiée par l’Institut de l’Elevage, l’IFIP et AgroParisTech montre ainsi que cet accord risque de fragiliser les productions européennes de viandebovine et porcine par des imports supplémentaires de viande à droits de douane nuls à certaines périodes.
Published: 2018

3. Red wine and pomegranate extracts suppress cured meat promotion of colonic mucin-depleted foci in carcinogen-induced rats

Author: Nathalie Naud, Fabrice Pierre, Sylviane Taché, Gilles Nassy, Françoise Guéraud, Jean-Luc Vendeuvre, Ditte A. Hobbs, Denis E. Corpet, Nadia M. Bastide, Gunter G. C. Kuhnle, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut du Porc - IFIP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Reading (UNITED KINGDOM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading (UOR), French Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Francais du Porc (IFIP), International Federation for Information Processing [Laxenburg, Austria] (IFIP), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Colorectal cancer, Carcinogenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, alpha-Tocopherol, Medicine (miscellaneous), Wine, Lipid peroxidation, Feces, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Food science, Cancer, Lythraceae, Nutrition and Dietetics, food and beverages, 3. Good health, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Colonic Neoplasms, Nitrosation, Alimentation et Nutrition, Polyphenol, Meat, Processed meat, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Excretion, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Animals, Carcinogen, Toxicologie, Plant Extracts, Gastric Mucins, Vitamin E, Prevention, Plant extracts, medicine.disease, Rats, Inbred F344, Rats, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Lipid Peroxidation, Precancerous Conditions, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; Processed meat intake is carcinogenic to humans. We have shown that intake of a workshop-made cured meat with erythorbate promotes colon carcinogenesis in rats. We speculated that polyphenols could inhibit this effect by limitation of endogenous lipid peroxidation and nitrosation. Polyphenol-rich plant extracts were added to the workshop-made cured meat and given for 14 days to rats and 100 days to azoxymethane-induced rats to evaluate the inhibition of preneoplastic lesions. Colons of 100-d study were scored for precancerous lesions (mucin-depleted foci, MDF), and biochemical end points of peroxidation and nitrosation were measured in urinary and fecal samples. In comparison with cured meat-fed rats, dried red wine, pomegranate extract, a-tocopherol added at one dose to cured meat and withdrawal of erythorbate significantly decreased the number of MDF per colon (but white grape and rosemary extracts did not). This protection was associated with the full suppression of fecal excretion of nitrosyl iron, suggesting that this nitroso compound might be a promoter of carcinogenesis. At optimized concentrations, the incorporation of these plant extracts in cured meat might reduce the risk of colorectal cancer associated with processed meat consumption.
Published: 2017

4. Identification of transcriptional regulatory variants in pig duodenum, liver, and muscle tissues

Author: Crespo-Piazuelo, Daniel, Acloque, Hervé, González-Rodríguez, Olga, Mongellaz, Mayrone, Mercat, Marie-José, Bink, Marco, Huisman, Abe, Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis, Sánchez, Juan Pablo, Ballester, Maria, Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, IRTA, Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui (08140), Spain (IRTA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Hendrix Genetics Research Technology & Services B.V., Boxmeer (5830 AC), The Netherlands, Hendrix Genetics (HG), Hypor B.V., Boxmeer (5830 AC), The Netherlands (HYPOR), oxford university press, European Project: 817998,H2020,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1., and H2020-EU.3.2.3.1.,GENE-SWitCH(2019)
Subjects: pig, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, hotspot, RNA-Seq, eQTL, eQTL hotspot pig RNA-Seq WGS, WGS
Abstract: Background In humans and livestock species, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been applied to study the association between variants distributed across the genome and a phenotype of interest. To discover genetic polymorphisms affecting the duodenum, liver, and muscle transcriptomes of 300 pigs from 3 different breeds (Duroc, Landrace, and Large White), we performed expression GWAS between 25,315,878 polymorphisms and the expression of 13,891 genes in duodenum, 12,748 genes in liver, and 11,617 genes in muscle. Results More than 9.68 × 1011 association tests were performed, yielding 14,096,080 significantly associated variants, which were grouped in 26,414 expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) regions. Over 56% of the variants were within 1 Mb of their associated gene. In addition to the 100-kb region upstream of the transcription start site, we identified the importance of the 100-kb region downstream of the 3′UTR for gene regulation, as most of the cis-regulatory variants were located within these 2 regions. We also observed 39,874 hotspot regulatory polymorphisms associated with the expression of 10 or more genes that could modify the protein structure or the expression of a regulator gene. In addition, 2 motifs (5′-GATCCNGYGTTGCYG-3′ and a poly(A) sequence) were enriched across the 3 tissues within the neighboring sequences of the most significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms in each cis-eQTL region. Conclusions The 14 million significant associations obtained in this study are publicly available and have enabled the identification of expression-associated cis-, trans-, and hotspot regulatory variants within and across tissues, thus shedding light on the molecular mechanisms of regulatory variations that shape end-trait phenotypes. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2023

5. Inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii in dry sausage and processed pork, and quantification of the pathogen in pig tissues prior to production

Author: Dámek, Filip, Fremaux, Bastien, Aubert, Dominique, Thoumire, Sandra, Delsart, Maxime, Martin, Jean-Luc, Vuillermet, Sandra, Opsteegh, Marieke, Jokelainen, Pikka, Le Roux, Delphine, Boireau, Pascal, Villena, Isabelle, Blaga, Radu, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre National de Référence (CNR) Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC) (CNR Toxoplasmose-Toxoplasma BRC), CHU Limoges, Epidémiologie des maladies animales infectieuses (EpiMAI USC), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Epidémiologie (EPI), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), This work was supported by funding from the France-Agri-Mer: contract number 0917003490 and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 773830: One Health European Joint Programme (projects ToxSauQMRA and TOXOSOURCES)., and European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018)
Subjects: [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, meat, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, nitrate, Epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, viability, distribution, salt, Parasitology, nitrite
Abstract: Toxoplasma gondiiis an important zoonotic foodborne parasite. Meat of infected animals appears to be a major source of infection in Europe. Pork is the most consumed meat in France, with dry sausages well represented. The risk of transmission via consumption of processed pork products is largely unknown, mainly since processing will affect viability but may not entirely inactivate allT. gondiiparasites. We investigated the presence and concentration ofT. gondiiDNA in the shoulder, breast, ham, and heart of pigs orally inoculated with 1000 oocysts (n= 3) or tissue cysts (n = 3) and naturally infected pigs (n= 2), by means of magnetic capture qPCR (MC-qPCR). Muscle tissues of experimentally infected pigs were further used to evaluate the impact of manufacturing processes of dry sausages, including different concentrations of nitrates (0, 60, 120, 200 ppm), nitrites (0, 60, 120 ppm), and NaCl (0, 20, 26 g/kg), ripening (2 days at 16-24 °C) and drying (up to 30 days at 13 °C), by a combination of mouse bioassay, qPCR and MC-qPCR. DNA ofT. gondiiwas detected in all eight pigs, including in 41.7% (10/24) of muscle samples (shoulder, breast and ham) and 87.5% (7/8) of hearts by MC-qPCR. The number of parasites per gram of tissue was estimated to be the lowest in the hams (arithmetic mean (M) = 1, standard deviation (SD) = 2) and the highest in the hearts (M = 147, SD = 233). However, theT. gondiiburden estimates varied on the individual animal level, the tissue tested and the parasitic stage used for the experimental infection (oocysts or tissue cysts). Of dry sausages and processed pork, 94.4% (51/54) were positive forT. gondiiby MC-qPCR or qPCR, with the meanT. gondiiburden estimate equivalent to 31 parasites per gram (SD = 93). Only the untreated processed pork sample collected on the day of production was positive by mouse bioassay. The results suggest an uneven distribution ofT. gondiiin the tissues examined, and possibly an absence or a concentration below the detection limit in some of them. Moreover, the processing of dry sausages and processed pork with NaCl, nitrates, and nitrites has an impact on the viability ofT. gondiifrom the first day of production. Results are valuable input for future risk assessments aiming to estimate the relative contribution of different sources ofT. gondiihuman infections.
Published: 2023

6. Search for urinary biomarkers for optimal application of male effect

Author: Goudet, Ghylène, Douet, Cécile, Nadal-Desbarats, Lydie, Haifi, Nassima, Staub, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, SAVOIE, Jonathan, Ferchaud, Stéphane, BOULOT, Sylviane, Prunier, Armelle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA., ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], reproduction animale, cochette, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], verrat, biomarqueur, période prépubertaire, urine
Abstract: National audience; Effective methods for synchronizing oestrus in gilts are crucial for implementation of batch management and optimum reproductive performances. Altrenogest treatments are used on a routine basis in pig farms, but there is growing demand for alternative non-hormonal breeding tools. Before puberty, gilts exhibit a “waiting period”, related to ovarian development and gonadotrophin secretions, during which urinary oestrone concentration increase. During this “waiting period”, an external stimulation, such as boar exposure, could induce the first ovulation. As non-invasive tools are required to increase knowledge about the “waiting period”, the aim of this work is to search for specific biomarkers of this period in urine. Trans-abdominal ultrasonographies were carried out for 5 weeks in six 140 days old Large White gilts until puberty detection (week -5 to week -1 before puberty). Urinary samples were collected for oestrone assay and metabolome analysis using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Gilts were then slaughtered 7 days after puberty detection for puberty confirmation. Urinary oestrone concentration increases from week -2 to the day of puberty detection. Metabolome analysis allows the identification of 78 spectral bins, 8 of them showing significant differences between weeks. Metabolites whose concentration significantly increase or decrease during the “waiting period” (such as Trigonelline, N-acetyl-X…) could be interesting biomarkers of this period. These results confirm that non invasive urinary samples could make it possible to detect optimal time for application of boar effect. Potential urinary biomarkers of this period have been identified. This could contribute to decreasing the number of females mated while they are pre-pubertal.
Published: 2016

7. Microbiote intestinal chez le porc : paramètres génétiques de sa composition et liens avec des caractères immunitaires

Author: Estelle, Jordi, Larzul, Catherine, Mach, Nuria, Levenez, Florence, RAMAYO CALDAS, Yuliaxis, Meurens, Francois, Mercat, Marie‐José, Lemonnier, Gaetan, Denis, Catherine, Billon, Yvon, Oswald, Isabelle P., Doré, Joël, Berri, Mustapha, Lepage, Patricia, Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, MetaGenoPolis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA., and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours
Subjects: microbiote intestinal, héritabilité, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], caractère immunitaire, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], paramètre génétique, porc
Abstract: National audience; Our objectives were to estimate genetic parameters of the gut microbiota composition in French Large White pigs, and to uncover co-variations between the abundances of microbial communities and immunity or growth parameters of the host. In the framework of the Sus-Flora project, we characterized the diversity of the faecal microbiota of 518 60 day-old piglets by sequencing a variable region of the ribosomal 16S gene. Our first results have shown that the genera Prevotella, followed by Oscillibacter, Dialister, Roseburia or Treponema are dominant in the porcine faecal microbiota. Heritability values ranging from 0.13 0.08 to 0.55 0.16 were estimated for the relative abundance of 19 of the most common bacterial genera, highlighting the contribution of the host genome to the shaping of the gut microbial ecosystem. Regularized canonical correlations and sparse Partial Least Squares analyses highlighted both positive and negative correlations between immunity traits (e.g. monocytes, eosinophils, platelets) and genera such as Prevotella, Roseburia and Dialister. The establishment of microbial diversity in the gut was assessed by following a subset of 31 piglets at 14, 36, 48, 60 and 70 days of age. We showed that the gut microbiota composition was stabilized after 36 days of age. In addition, a stratification of the 31 piglets in two groups was observed after weaning, suggesting the existence of enterotypes as observed in humans. These two enterotype-like clusters were primarily distinguished by the levels of unclassified Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella, respectively. These two enterotype-like clusters were also found in the cohort of 518 60 day-old piglets.; L’objectif de cette étude est d’estimer les paramètres génétiques de la composition du microbiote intestinal chez le porc Large White et d’étudier les covariations entre cette composition et des paramètres immunitaires et de croissance. Dans le cadre du projet Sus-Flora, nous avons caractérisé la diversité du microbiote fécal pour 518 porcelets âgés de 60 jours, par séquençage d’une région variable du gène bactérien codant l’ARNr 16S. Nos premiers résultats ont mis en évidence une prédominance des genres bactériens Prevotella puis Oscillibacter, Dialister, Roseburia et Treponema. Des valeurs d’héritabilité comprises entre 0,13 0,08 et 0,55 0,16 ont été estimées pour l’abondance relative de 19 genres bactériens parmi les plus fréquents, démontrant ainsi une part génétique significative de la composition du microbiote intestinal chez le porc. Des corrélations génétiques positives et négatives sont identifiées entre abondances des taxons bactériens. Des covariations positives et négatives ont été trouvées entre des paramètres de formule sanguine (taux de monocytes, éosinophiles, plaquettes) et l’abondance des genres Prevotella, Roseburia, Dialister. Nous montrons également, pour un sous-groupe de 31 animaux, que la composition du microbiote intestinal se stabilise après 36 jours d’âge et que les animaux se séparent en deux groupes sur la base de la composition de leur microbiote intestinal, évoquant les entérotypes identifiés chez l’homme. Ces deux groupes, dominés par le genre Prevotella ou les Ruminococcaceae, sont retrouvés à 60 jours d’âge, avec la cohorte des 518 porcelets.
Published: 2016

8. Quelles sont les relations génétiques entre des caractères mesurés sur des animaux purs ou croisés issus de Piétrain ?

Author: Larzul, Catherine, Mercat, Marie-José, Blanchet, Benoit, Parois, Séverine, Prunier, Armelle, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Unité expérimentale de testage de porcs, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; In pig breeding schemes, the traits of interest are measured in the grandparent or parent populations on purebred animals. However, the progress in these pure breeds should be expressed in the crossbred offspring. It is generally expected that the genetic relationships between traits measured on purebred and crossbred animals are high for growth traits and body composition. The purpose of the study was to estimate the genetic correlations between performances recorded in pure and crossed animals on a large number of traits related to production, quality, welfare and health, i.e. growth rate, carcass composition, meat quality including boar taint, sex hormones, blood parameters, bodily injury and leg weakness. About 1,600 animals were included in the study, either purebred Piétrain or crossbred Piétrain x Large White. For the majority of production traits such as growth and carcass composition, genetic correlations between purebred and crossbred were close to 1 (between 0.7 and 1, with a standard error between 0.05 and 0.20). Some traits had lower correlation parameters such as the number of leukocytes (rg = 0.5 ± 0.30) or the number of injuries at the beginning of fattening (rg = -0.14 ± 0.40).
Published: 2016

9. La frustration du comportement exploratoire peut-elle déclencher du cannibalisme ?

Author: Courboulay, Valerie, Quent, Diana, Thivat, Aurore, Meunier-Salaün, Marie-Christine, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; The objective of this study was to build a model of cannibalism based on the frustration of exploratory behaviour. The study was conducted on two experimental sites, INRA (trial 1) and IFIP (trial 2), using a similar protocol conducted on two batches of piglets. For each batch, piglets were submitted during the post weaning phase (PS) to two levels of enrichment. In trial 1, the animals were raised on slatted floors with a progressive supply of objects such as chain, plastic pipe or rope (E-), changed every 2 weeks or without objects (A). In trial 2, the animals were raised either on straw bedding (E+) or on slatted floor with the same progressive enrichment as E-. During the fattening phase in both trials, pigs had no access to enrichment materials (A) or had ropes and plastic pipes for four days (OBJ). Twelve pens of eight (trial 1) or 10 (trial 2) pigs were allocated per treatment. Tail and ear injuries were scored three times in PS and daily for the first two weeks in the fattening period. The behavioural activity was recorded three times by direct observation during the PS phase (scan sampling). During the fattening phase, investigative behaviour and social activity were continuously scored for a period of two hours, from video recording, at D4 (before removal of objects) and D7. The occurrence of tail and ear lesions was scarce in both trials in PS phase, and only three pens of fattening pigs were affected by cannibalism in trial 2. The cannibalism model was not validated in any trials but responses confirmed the role of novelty and attractiveness on investigative behaviour.
Published: 2016

10. Recherche de biomarqueurs urinaires du moment optimal d’exposition à l’effet mâle

Author: Goudet, Ghylène, Douet, Cécile, Nadal-Desbarats, Lydie, Haifi, Nassima, Staub, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, SAVOIE, Jonathan, Ferchaud, Stéphane, BOULOT, Sylviane, Prunier, Armelle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; Effective methods for synchronizing oestrus in gilts are crucial for implementation of batch management and optimum reproductive performances. Altrenogest treatments are used on a routine basis in pig farms, but there is growing demand for alternative non-hormonal breeding tools. Before puberty, gilts exhibit a “waiting period”, related to ovarian development and gonadotrophin secretions, during which urinary oestrone concentration increase. During this “waiting period”, an external stimulation, such as boar exposure, could induce the first ovulation. As non-invasive tools are required to increase knowledge about the “waiting period”, the aim of this work is to search for specific biomarkers of this period in urine. Trans-abdominal ultrasonographies were carried out for 5 weeks in six 140 days old Large White gilts until puberty detection (week -5 to week -1 before puberty). Urinary samples were collected for oestrone assay and metabolome analysis using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Gilts were then slaughtered 7 days after puberty detection for puberty confirmation. Urinary oestrone concentration increases from week -2 to the day of puberty detection. Metabolome analysis allows the identification of 78 spectral bins, 8 of them showing significant differences between weeks. Metabolites whose concentration significantly increase or decrease during the “waiting period” (such as Trigonelline, N-acetyl-X…) could be interesting biomarkers of this period. These results confirm that non invasive urinary samples could make it possible to detect optimal time for application of boar effect. Potential urinary biomarkers of this period have been identified. This could contribute to decreasing the number of females mated while they are pre-pubertal.
Published: 2016

11. La gestion des fins de bande en élevage porcin : analyse des stratégies décisionnelles des éleveurs et des enjeux économiques associés

Author: Aubry, Alexia, Cadero, Alice, Garcia-Launay, Florence, Corrégé, Isabelle, Quiniou, Nathalie, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; To maintain a profitable pig delivery, some farmers delay the last marketing from the batch so that the lightest pigs reach the optimal weight before their delivery to the slaughterhouse. According to the field investigation carried out in 22 farrow-to-finish farms in Western France, different strategies were identified, such as an increased number of departures per batch or, when the rooms have to be emptied, the transfer of the last pigs to the following batches or to specific facilities. But these practices may have negative consequences, such as increased feed intake or health risk. A classification of farms was made in connection with their characteristics and carcass data (weight, lean content). In addition, a batch of 144 pigs was studied in an experimental unit, marketed in six departures with the terminal delivery performed 57 days after the first one. Growth profiles per delivery were characterized with InraPorc® software from individual body weight and feed intake measurements, and used to simulate the growth performance of the lightest pigs of the batch with different marketing strategies. These simulations show lower performance for these “end of batch” pigs, in comparison with the first pigs slaughtered. Keeping them longer at the end of finishing period can bring between 11 and 20 euros bonus per pig, depending on the animal profile (in the economic context of the first half of 2015).; Pour optimiser le paiement des carcasses, les éleveurs peuvent attendre que les porcs les plus légers d’une bande aient atteint leur poids optimal avant de les envoyer à l’abattoir. Une enquête réalisée dans 22 élevages naisseurs-engraisseurs du Grand Ouest a permis de caractériser différentes pratiques, telles que le départ échelonné des animaux ou, lorsque les salles doivent être vidées, le transfert des fins de bande vers des locaux spécifiques ou leur mélange avec les porcs des bandes suivantes. Ces pratiques s’accompagnent cependant de contreparties économiques liées à une consommation accrue d’aliment ou une augmentation du risque sanitaire. Une classification des élevages a été réalisée en lien avec les caractéristiques des ateliers et les données d’abattage disponibles (poids, taux de muscle). En parallèle, une bande de 144 porcs a été étudiée en station expérimentale, abattue en six départs étalés sur 57 jours. Le profil de croissance moyen des porcs de chaque départ a été établi à l'aide du logiciel InraPorc® à partir des mesures individuelles de poids et de consommation d’aliment, puis il a été utilisé pour simuler les performances de croissance associées aux différentes stratégies de commercialisation des derniers porcs de la bande. Ces simulations montrent que les animaux constituant les fins de lot suivent des profils moins performants que ceux des animaux abattus en premier. L’intérêt économique de prolonger leur engraissement est réel, puisqu’après 21 jours supplémentaires, le gain de marge se situe entre 11 et 20 euros par porc concerné selon le profil animal (contexte économique du premier semestre 2015).
Published: 2016

12. Medibate, un modèle dynamique des flux d’énergie directe et indirecte dans les bâtiments d’élevage de porcs pour l’aide à la décision

Author: Marcon, Michel, Massabie, Patrick, Kergourlay, Frédéric, Dourmad, Jean-Yves, Salaün, Yvon, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; In pig farms, direct consumption of energy depends on thermal exchanges between indoor and outdoor, which are related to the rules of climate management in the rooms. Besides, the impact of indoor climate conditions on pig growth and efficiency is well known through an extensive literature over the last twenty years. Therefore, it appeared possible and consistent to support field advice by designing a tool based on a dynamic model (called MEDIBATE). This model represents and predicts at barn room level the energy balance impacted by ‘action levers’ such as room characteristics (insulation) and equipment (heating, ventilation), climate control management (temperature driving) and animals (number, status). The general design and the equations involved in MEDIBATE are described in this paper. The temperature is predicted every 30 seconds. The results are evaluated and compared to values measured in an experimental farm. This comparison shows an average daily gap of only 0.32°C (±0.19°C), lower than the accuracy of the monitoring device. The model also simulates the ventilation rate and heating required to reach the target temperature allowing the calculation of direct energy consumption. Indirect energy is calculated through the prediction of daily feed intake, considering the effect of both the live weight and ambient temperature. Finally, economic calculations will be added to the model to allow the comparison of different housing design and management strategies.; Dans les élevages de porcs, les consommations d’énergie directe sont, par nature, dépendantes des échanges thermiques entre les bâtiments et leur environnement, eux-mêmes conditionnés par la gestion de l’ambiance des salles. L’impact de ces conditions d’ambiance sur les performances des porcs en croissance est par ailleurs bien connu au travers de nombreuses publications au cours des vingt dernières années. Il est donc apparu possible et pertinent de réaliser un outil d’aide au conseil basé sur un modèle dynamique (MEDIBATE). L’objectif de ce modèle est de prédire les consommations d’énergie occasionnées par le chauffage et la ventilation des salles d'élevage, en relation avec des variables d’action comme les caractéristiques de la salle (isolation…), les équipements (chauffage, ventilation), la gestion de l’ambiance (températures de consigne…) et les animaux (nombre, stade). La structure du modèle et les équations utilisées sont décrites dans ce papier. La température est prédite toutes les 30 secondes. In fine, le modèle obtenu est en mesure de simuler la température d’une salle avec un écart journalier moyen de 0,32°C (±0,19°C) par rapport à des enregistrements réalisés in situ en stations expérimentales, soit un écart inférieur à la précision des sondes de température utilisées pour les mesures. La température prédite permet dans le même temps de simuler le taux de ventilation et le niveau de chauffage nécessaires pour respecter les consignes choisies par l’utilisateur. Une prédiction des consommations d’énergie directes peut alors être réalisée. Les flux d’énergie indirecte sont estimés à partir de la prédiction de la consommation moyenne journalière d’aliment, en tenant compte du poids vif de l’animal et de la température ambiante. L’association future d’un bilan économique à ce modèle permettra d’évaluer le résultat de la mise en oeuvre de différents choix techniques.
Published: 2016

13. Medibate, un modèle dynamique des flux d’énergie directe et indirecte dans les bâtiments d’élevage de porcs pour l’aide à la décision: Structure du modèle et premières applications

Author: Marcon, Michel, Massabie, Patrick, Kergourlay, Frédéric, Dourmad, Jean-Yves, Salaün, Yvon, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Bretagne, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; In pig farms, direct consumption of energy depends on thermal exchanges between indoor and outdoor, which are related to the rules of climate management in the rooms. Besides, the impact of indoor climate conditions on pig growth and efficiency is well known through an extensive literature over the last twenty years. Therefore, it appeared possible and consistent to support field advice by designing a tool based on a dynamic model (called MEDIBATE). This model represents and predicts at barn room level the energy balance impacted by ‘action levers’ such as room characteristics (insulation) and equipment (heating, ventilation), climate control management (temperature driving) and animals (number, status). The general design and the equations involved in MEDIBATE are described in this paper. The temperature is predicted every 30 seconds. The results are evaluated and compared to values measured in an experimental farm. This comparison shows an average daily gap of only 0.32°C (±0.19°C), lower than the accuracy of the monitoring device. The model also simulates the ventilation rate and heating required to reach the target temperature allowing the calculation of direct energy consumption. Indirect energy is calculated through the prediction of daily feed intake, considering the effect of both the live weight and ambient temperature. Finally, economic calculations will be added to the model to allow the comparison of different housing design and management strategies.; Dans les élevages de porcs, les consommations d’énergie directe sont, par nature, dépendantes des échanges thermiques entre les bâtiments et leur environnement, eux-mêmes conditionnés par la gestion de l’ambiance des salles. L’impact de ces conditions d’ambiance sur les performances des porcs en croissance est par ailleurs bien connu au travers de nombreuses publications au cours des vingt dernières années. Il est donc apparu possible et pertinent de réaliser un outil d’aide au conseil basé sur un modèle dynamique (MEDIBATE). L’objectif de ce modèle est de prédire les consommations d’énergie occasionnées par le chauffage et la ventilation des salles d'élevage, en relation avec des variables d’action comme les caractéristiques de la salle (isolation…), les équipements (chauffage, ventilation), la gestion de l’ambiance (températures de consigne…) et les animaux (nombre, stade). La structure du modèle et les équations utilisées sont décrites dans ce papier. La température est prédite toutes les 30 secondes. In fine, le modèle obtenu est en mesure de simuler la température d’une salle avec un écart journalier moyen de 0,32°C (±0,19°C) par rapport à des enregistrements réalisés in situ en stations expérimentales, soit un écart inférieur à la précision des sondes de température utilisées pour les mesures. La température prédite permet dans le même temps de simuler le taux de ventilation et le niveau de chauffage nécessaires pour respecter les consignes choisies par l’utilisateur. Une prédiction des consommations d’énergie directes peut alors être réalisée. Les flux d’énergie indirecte sont estimés à partir de la prédiction de la consommation moyenne journalière d’aliment, en tenant compte du poids vif de l’animal et de la température ambiante. L’association future d’un bilan économique à ce modèle permettra d’évaluer le résultat de la mise en oeuvre de différents choix techniques.
Published: 2016

14. Effect of the genetic type and the halothane genotype on fat thickness measured with Computed Tomography (CT) throughout the carcass

Author: Mercat, Marie-José, Monziols, Mathieu, Cordonnier, Solenn, Gault, Eric, Le Roy, Pascale, Larzul, Catherine, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: race porcine pietrain, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], épaisseur de lard dorsal, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], génotype halothane, croise large white pietrain, tomographie, porc, porc charcutier
Abstract: L’étude repose sur l’analyse de l’épaisseur de lard au tomographe RX d’animaux de 13 types génétiques : des races pures de type Piétrain, des croisés deux voies de type Piétrain x Large-White et des porcs charcutiers. Pour chacune des 280 demi-carcasses analysées, les épaisseurs moyennes de lard sont calculées sur la longueur totale de la carcasse et sur trois zones anatomiques (épaule, longe, jambon). Des différences d’épaisseur de lard sont observées entre zones anatomiques et entre groupes de types génétiques. Les porcs de races pures sont plus maigres que les porcs croisés deux voies, eux-mêmes plus maigres que les porcs charcutiers. Les épaisseurs de lard décroissent de l’épaule au jambon. Les plus faibles coefficients de variation des mesures d’épaisseur de lard sont observés au niveau de la longe. Les trois génotypes au locus halothane sont représentés dans cette étude. Des différences significatives entre les animaux NN et Nn sont mises en évidence : les animaux hétérozygotes présentent une épaisseur moyenne de lard plus faible de 0,7 mm par rapport aux homozygotes ; l’écart est de 1 mm au niveau des zones de la longe et de l’épaule (respectivement P < 0,05 et P < 0,01) mais n’est pas significatif au niveau de la zone du jambon. Aucune différence significative n’est observée par rapport au génotype nn, sans doute en raison du faible nombre d’animaux porteurs de ce génotype., The study is based on fat thickness analysis with computed tomography (CT) of animals from 13 genetic types: purebred Piétrain-like breeds, crossbred Piétrain x Large-White types and crossbred fattening pigs. For each of the 280 analyzed half-carcasses, average fat thickness was calculated throughout the carcass as well as in three body parts (shoulder, loin, ham zones). Fat thickness differences were observed between body parts and between groups of genetic types. Purebred animals were leaner than crossbred Piétrain x Large-White types themselves leaner than crossbred fattening pigs. Subcutaneous fat thickness decreased from the shoulder to the ham. The lowest fat thickness variation coefficients were seen for the loin. The three halothane genotypes were represented in this study. Significant differences between NN and Nn animals were highlighted: heterozygote animals presenting 0.7 mm less fat thickness compared with homozygotes; significant differences were seen at the loin (1.1 mm, P < 0.05) and shoulder (1.0 mm, P < 0.01) parts but differences were not significant at the ham. No significant effect was observed in comparison with the nn genotype, probably due to the small number of animals carrying this genotype.
Published: 2016

15. Effet du type génétique et du génotype halothane sur l’épaisseur de lard mesurée par tomographie RX tout au long de la carcasse

Author: Mercat, Marie-José, Monziols, Mathieu, Cordonnier, Solenn, Gault, Eric, Le Roy, Pascale, Larzul, Catherine, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: National audience; The study is based on fat thickness analysis with computed tomography (CT) of animals from 13 genetic types: purebred Piétrain-like breeds, crossbred Piétrain x Large-White types and crossbred fattening pigs. For each of the 280 analyzed half-carcasses, average fat thickness was calculated throughout the carcass as well as in three body parts (shoulder, loin, ham zones). Fat thickness differences were observed between body parts and between groups of genetic types. Purebred animals were leaner than crossbred Piétrain x Large-White types themselves leaner than crossbred fattening pigs. Subcutaneous fat thickness decreased from the shoulder to the ham. The lowest fat thickness variation coefficients were seen for the loin. The three halothane genotypes were represented in this study. Significant differences between NN and Nn animals were highlighted: heterozygote animals presenting 0.7 mm less fat thickness compared with homozygotes; significant differences were seen at the loin (1.1 mm, P < 0.05) and shoulder (1.0 mm, P < 0.01) parts but differences were not significant at the ham. No significant effect was observed in comparison with the nn genotype, probably due to the small number of animals carrying this genotype.; L’étude repose sur l’analyse de l’épaisseur de lard au tomographe RX d’animaux de 13 types génétiques : des races pures de type Piétrain, des croisés deux voies de type Piétrain x Large-White et des porcs charcutiers. Pour chacune des 280 demi-carcasses analysées, les épaisseurs moyennes de lard sont calculées sur la longueur totale de la carcasse et sur trois zones anatomiques (épaule, longe, jambon). Des différences d’épaisseur de lard sont observées entre zones anatomiques et entre groupes de types génétiques. Les porcs de races pures sont plus maigres que les porcs croisés deux voies, eux-mêmes plus maigres que les porcs charcutiers. Les épaisseurs de lard décroissent de l’épaule au jambon. Les plus faibles coefficients de variation des mesures d’épaisseur de lard sont observés au niveau de la longe. Les trois génotypes au locus halothane sont représentés dans cette étude. Des différences significatives entre les animaux NN et Nn sont mises en évidence : les animaux hétérozygotes présentent une épaisseur moyenne de lard plus faible de 0,7 mm par rapport aux homozygotes ; l’écart est de 1 mm au niveau des zones de la longe et de l’épaule (respectivement P < 0,05 et P < 0,01) mais n’est pas significatif au niveau de la zone du jambon. Aucune différence significative n’est observée par rapport au génotype nn, sans doute en raison du faible nombre d’animaux porteurs de ce génotype.
Published: 2016

16. Whole-genome sequencing of cryopreserved resources from French Large White pigs at two distinct sampling times reveals strong signatures of convergent and divergent selection between the dam and sire lines

Author: Simon Boitard, Laurence Liaubet, Cyriel Paris, Katia Fève, Patrice Dehais, Alban Bouquet, Juliette Riquet, Marie-José Mercat, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), This study was supported by the CRB-Anim infrastructure, funded by the French National Research Agency (Grant Number ANR-11-INBS-0003) as part of the Programme d’Investissement d’Avenir. Part of the data were obtained in the Delisus project funded by BIOPORC (ADN, Choice Genetics France, Gene+ and Nucleus breeding organizations and IFIP) and French ANR (ANR-07-GANI-001). The PhD research of CP was conducted as part of the IMAGE project, which recieved funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovative Program under Grant Agreement No. 677353. It was also conducted as part of the Haptitude project, which was funded by the INRA SelGen metaprogramme., ANR-11-INBS-0003,CRB-Anim,Réseau de Centres de Ressources Biologiques pour les animaux domestiques(2011), ANR-07-GANI-0001,DELISUS,An integrated study of the haplotypic variability at the whole genome level on animals finely phenotyped from French porcine populations(2007), and European Project: 677353,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,IMAGE(2016)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, General Medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Background Numerous genomic scans for positive selection have been performed in livestock species within the last decade, but often a detailed characterization of the detected regions (gene or trait under selection, timing of selection events) is lacking. Cryopreserved resources stored in reproductive or DNA gene banks offer a great opportunity to improve this characterization by providing direct access to recent allele frequency dynamics, thereby differentiating between signatures from recent breeding objectives and those related to more ancient selection constraints. Improved characterization can also be achieved by using next-generation sequencing data, which helps narrowing the size of the detected regions while reducing the number of associated candidate genes. Methods We estimated genetic diversity and detected signatures of recent selection in French Large White pigs by sequencing the genomes of 36 animals from three distinct cryopreserved samples: two recent samples from dam (LWD) and sire (LWS) lines, which had diverged from 1995 and were selected under partly different objectives, and an older sample from 1977 prior to the divergence. Results French LWD and LWS lines have lost approximately 5% of the SNPs that segregated in the 1977 ancestral population. Thirty-eight genomic regions under recent selection were detected in these lines and the corresponding selection events were further classified as convergent between lines (18 regions), divergent between lines (10 regions), specific to the dam line (6 regions) or specific to the sire line (4 regions). Several biological functions were found to be significantly enriched among the genes included in these regions: body size, body weight and growth regardless of the category, early life survival and calcium metabolism more specifically in the signatures in the dam line and lipid and glycogen metabolism more specifically in the signatures in the sire line. Recent selection on IGF2 was confirmed and several other regions were linked to a single candidate gene (ARHGAP10, BMPR1B, GNA14, KATNA1, LPIN1, PKP1, PTH, SEMA3E or ZC3HAV1, among others). Conclusions These results illustrate that sequencing the genome of animals at several recent time points generates considerable insight into the traits, genes and variants under recent selection in a population. This approach could be applied to other livestock populations, e.g. by exploiting the rich biological resources stored in cryobanks.
Published: 2023

17. Impact d’un écart des prix de détail du porc frais sur les achats des ménages : approche économétrique

Author: Bonnet, Céline, Bontemps, Christophe, Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra, Corre, Tifenn, Legendre, Vincent, Simioni, Michel, ProdInra, Migration, Groupe de recherche en économie mathématique et quantitative (GREMAQ), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (1348)., Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Toxicologie Alimentaire (1331)., and Institut du Porc (IFIP). FRA.
Subjects: consommation, elasticité, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, porc
Abstract: Price is one the main drivers of consumer choices. In order to evaluate the impact on consumption of a difference in the retail price of fresh pork, a logit demand model was estimated using purchase data from the household panel Kantar Worldpanel. This model allowed us to estimate price elasticities of demand, which provided the impact on purchased quantities of different fresh meat products when the price of a meat product was higher. The study was first carried out considering several cuts of fresh pork in different distribution channels. Price elasticities ranged from -3.4 to -5.6% depending on the different “cut of meat x distribution channel” combinations. They were larger for products sold in hard-discount and traditional outlets (butcher’s shops, markets). The consumption substitutions varied according to the distribution channels but were mainly directed towards other meat products than fresh pork. In a second phase, the demand for “fresh pork” was analyzed by taking explicitly into account possible substitutions with various categories of meat products (butcher’s meat, poultry, deli meats, fish, etc.). The estimate of the own price elasticity of fresh pork was -1.3, among the lowest in the chosen meat categories. When the price increased, the substitutions for fresh pork were mainly directed towards ready meals, eggs and other pork products including cooked ham., Le prix occupe une place prépondérante dans les choix des consommateurs. Une analyse mettant en oeuvre un modèle de demande de type Logit, appliqué à des données détaillées issues du panel Kantar Worldpanel, a été conduite pour mieux comprendre l’impact d’un écart du prix de détail du porc frais sur la consommation. Le modèle permet d’estimer quel aurait été l’impact d’un prix plus élevé sur les quantités achetées par les ménages, en mesurant des élasticités-prix et en évaluant la structure des reports de consommation potentiels. Dans un premier temps, l’étude a été conduite sur plusieurs morceaux de porc frais dans différents circuits de distribution. Les élasticités-prix s’échelonnent entre -3,4 et -5,6% selon les combinaisons « morceau x circuit » testées. Elles sont plus fortes en hard discount et dans les circuits traditionnels (boucheries artisanales, marchés). Les reports de consommation varient selon les circuits mais s’orientent en grande partie vers d’autres produits carnés que le porc frais. Dans un second temps, l’ensemble « porc frais » a été analysé parmi différentes catégories de produits carnés issues des viandes de boucherie, volaille, charcuterie, poisson, produits traiteur… L’ensemble du porc frais a une élasticité-prix propre de -1,3, parmi les plus faibles des catégories définies. En cas de prix plus élevé, les reports depuis le porc frais s’orientent principalement vers les produits traiteur, les oeufs et d’autres produits de porc dont le jambon cuit.
Published: 2015

18. Vers une utilisation optimale de l’information génomique dans les schémas pyramidaux

Author: Le Roy, Pascale, Larzul, Catherine, Blanchet, Benoit, Mercat, Marie-José, Chapuis, Herve, Burlot, Thierry, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité expérimentale de testage de porcs, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Novogen, Programme GENOM_BTV 2010, Financement : ANR, Superviseur : Pascale Le Roy, Date de signature : 2011-01-31, Partenaires : Institut du Porc (IFIP), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Novogen, and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [INFO] Computer Science [cs]
Published: 2015

19. Perception des acteurs impliqués dans la préservation des races locales : une enquête du projet européen GEroNIMO

Author: Mercat, Marie-José, Amaral, Andreia, Bozzi, Riccardo, Čandek-Potokar, Marjeta, Fernandes, Pedro, Gutiérrez Vallejos, Jetsabell, Karolyi, Danijel, Laloë, Denis, Lukovic, Zoran, Lenoir, Herveline, Restoux, Gwendal, Vicente, Antonio, Ribeiro, Virginia, Rodriguez Silva, Tamara, Rouger, Romuald, Škorput, Dubravko, Škrlep, Martin, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon (FMV), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Kmetijski Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Associação Nacional de Criadores de Suínos de Raça Bísara (ANCSUB), University of Zagreb, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Associação dos Criadores de Bovinos de Raça Barrosão (AMIBA), Fundacion Empresa-Universidad GAllega (FEUGA), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Ifip, Inrae, and European Project: 101000236 ,GEroNIMO(2022)
Subjects: Pig, Porc, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Races locales, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Conservation Genetics, Local breeds
Abstract: International audience; As part of the European Union project GEroNIMO, a broad survey was conducted with stakeholders (breeders, managers, advisers and processors) involved in preserving local pig breeds (LB) to collect their perceptions and involve them in the project. It was designed in seven languages including English and was carried out online. An overall descriptive analysis of the responses of 339 participants is presented; results by country or breed are also mentioned. The data collected covers 11 countries and 32 breeds, with unequal representation by breed and country. Preserving genetic diversity is the main motivation stated by the stakeholders surveyed, followed by the economic activities associated with LB. The animals are raised purebred in small (median size: nine sows) and quite recent farms (median existence: 7 years); their selection is based mainly on phenotypic features (breed standards, number and quality of the teats). Participants expressed interest in selection, particularly for reproductive traits, but there are many barriers to the implementation of breeding programmes. Most of them expressed concern about the sustainability of LB, especially for economic reasons. Concerns about compliance with health regulations and fears of infection by pathogens came next. Stakeholders expected support from public authorities, especially to improve productivity and to protect the use of breed names.; Dans le cadre du projet européen GEroNIMO, une vaste enquête a été menée auprès des acteurs (éleveurs, techniciens, gestionnaires ou transformateurs) impliqués dans la conservation des races locales de porcs (RL) pour recueillir leurs perceptions et les associer au projet. Elle a été traduite en sept langues dont l'anglais et s’est déroulée en ligne. Une analyse descriptive globale des réponses de 339 participants est présentée ; des résultats par pays ou par race sont aussi mentionnés. Les données collectées couvrent 11 pays et 32 races, avec des représentations déséquilibrées par race et par pays. Les acteurs interrogés placent en tête de leurs motivations la préservation de la diversité génétique puis les activités économiques associées aux RL. Les animaux sont élevés en race pure dans de petits ateliers (effectif médian de neuf truies), assez récents (durée médiane de 7 ans). La sélection des reproducteurs repose principalement sur des caractéristiques phénotypiques : standard des races, nombre et qualité des tétines. Les participants manifestent de l’intérêt pour la sélection, particulièrement pour les caractères de reproduction, mais de nombreux freins à la mise en oeuvre de programmes de sélection existent. Ils expriment majoritairement des inquiétudes sur la pérennité des RL, surtout pour des raisons économiques. Les préoccupations liées au respect des normes sanitaires et aux craintes d’infection par des pathogènes viennent après. Les acteurs impliqués dans la préservation des RL attendent un soutien des pouvoirs publics, notamment pour améliorer la productivité et pour protéger l’utilisation du nom des races.
Published: 2023

20. Consumer views on animal welfare and organic and low-input farming: Results from a European survey

Author: Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Heinola, Katriina, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Thobe, Petra, Zuliani, Anna, Re, Martina, Coletta, Monica, Accotto, Caterina, Ponzio, Raffaella, Alibert, Laurent, Roguet, Christine, Delanoue, Elsa, Cozma, Vasile, Spinu, Marina, Herremans, Sophie, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Thünen Institute, Veterinari Senza Frontiere Italia, Sede c/o Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie viale dell'Università, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Slow Food Biodiversity, Institut du Porc (IFIP), USAMV, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

21. The PPILOW project: Innovations improving welfare in low input and organic pig and poultry farms

Author: Collin, Anne, Meloni, Giuditta, Bonnefous, Claire, Re, Martina, van Vooren, Laura, Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Graat, Evelien, Vanden Hole, Charlotte, Rodenburg, Tb (bas), Kliphuis, Saskia, Giersberg, Mona, Tavares, Olivia, Desaint, Brieuc, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Pedersen, Lene, Engberg, Ricarda M., Almadani Mohamad, Isam, Carelli, Riccardo, Sciarretta, Marlene, Guilloteau, Laurence, Réhault-Godbert, Sophie, Gautron, Joël, Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth, Mignon-Grasteau, Sandrine, Berri, Cécile, Guettier, Elodie, Baéza, Elisabeth, Chartrin, Pascal, Bordeau, Thierry, Raynaud, Emilie, Couroussé, Nathalie, Cailleau-Audouin, Estelle, Crochet, Sabine, Tourneur, Léa, Guichaoua, Adrien, van den Brand, Henry, Castellini, Cesare, Reverchon, Maxime, Sourdioux, Michel, Akakpo, Roland, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Schepens, Rene, Almind, Maria, Grenier, Katia, Dubuc, David, Le Lann, Marie-Véronique, Ponzio, Raffaella, Mainardi, Marina, Accotto, Caterina, Coletta, Monica, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Billiard, Bérangère, Ferreira, Vitor Hugo Bessa, Baldinger, Lisa, Pluschke, Helen, Delanoue, Elsa, Laura, Warin, Pertusa, Marion, Stomp, Mathilde, Travel, Angelique, Bouvarel, Isabelle, Germain, Karine, Ravon, Laure, Calandreau, Ludovic, Labas, Valérie, Prunier, Armelle, Merlot, Elodie, Tallet, Céline, Perruchot, Marie-Hélène, Louveau, Isabelle, van Milgen, Jaap, Dessauge, Frederic, Clouard, Caroline, Lebret, Bénédicte, Montagne, Lucile, Faure, Justine, Zuliani, Anna, Venezia, Pietro, Canario, Laurianne, Ferchaud, Stéphane, Cozma, Vasile, Spinu, Marina, Horia Bǎieş, Mihai, Courboulay, Valérie, Roguet, Christine, Gaudré, Didier, Chevillon, Patrick, Alibert, Laurent, Decruyenaere, Virginie, Wavreille, José, Vanggaard, Pia, Vanggaard, Jan, Micheloni, Cristina, Thobe, Petra, Lombard, Sarah, Caillaud, Laura, Bernardet, Nelly, Collet, Julie, Molenaar, Roos, Mattioli, Simona, Hill, Nigel, Cadudal, François, Quentin, Maxime, Leterrier, Christine, Teixeira-Gomes, Ana-Paula, Uzbekova, Svetlana, Maugrion, Emilie, Rocchi, Lucia, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), BioForum Vlaanderen, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Fermentation Experts, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Slow Food Biodiversity, JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, ITAVI, Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), SIVtro VSF Italia, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale Elevages Porcins Innovants (GenESI), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Vanggaard Staldmontage, Harper Adams University, EAAP, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The PPILOW project aims to co-construct innovations to improve Poultry and Pig Welfare in Low-input outdoor and Organic farming systems through a multi-actor approach. PPILOW implements a participatory approach for proposing and studying welfare-improvement levers. It will provide a combination of practical solutions that can be applied at a pan-European level with specific adjustments depending on citizen’s expectations and the target market. The multi-actor approach consists in involving end-users including farmers, breeding companies, feed producers, consumer associations, retailers, advisers, processors, and scientists in National Practitioner Groups (NPG) in six participating countries. PPILOW partners facilitate the groups by connecting NPG at European level, transferring scientific information, interacting with partners engaged in animal experiments, and co-creating innovations rising from NPG-specific demands. They co-build with PPILOW partners welfare self-assessment tools (development of the PIGLOW app for pigs and refinement of the EBENE® app for poultry), and innovative breeding, feeding, and rearing strategies and techniques to improve the welfare of animals. They co-design protocols, test innovations on farm, and disseminate the results. In turn, they receive insights on methods and scientific results, and inputs from other NPG reinforcing the value of the expected outcomes. Approaches focus on avoiding physical damage and the elimination of layer male chicks, on reducing boar taint of intact male pigs, promoting positive behaviours, animal health, and robustness through field studies with pigs and poultry. Multicriteria analyses of the most effective levers of welfare improvement will be performed to evaluate their economic, social, and environmental impacts based on the ‘One Welfare’ concept; economic and business models will also be developed. To ensure the rapid uptake of the project results by end-users, the close involvement of PPILOW’s NPG throughout the EU will ensure disseminationactivities and the facilitation of change. The PPILOW project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement N°816172. www.ppilow.eu.
Published: 2022

22. Calcium and alpha-tocopherol suppress cured-meat promotion of chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in rats and reduce associated biomarkers in human volunteers

Author: Nathalie Meunier, Gunter C G Kuhnle, Didier Attaix, Nathalie Naud, J. Dupuy, Noël Cano, Raphaëlle L. Santarelli, Fabrice Pierre, Denis E. Corpet, Jean-Luc Vendeuvre, Sylviane Taché, Océane C B Martin, Marc Audebert, Françoise Guéraud, Sidney S. Mirvish, Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Métabolisme et Xénobiotiques (ToxAlim-MeX), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska System, Dept Food & Nutr Sci, Reading, University of Reading (UOR), French National Research Agency (ANR-Food and Human Nutrition National Research Program Heme Cancer project), European Cooperation in Science and Technology [B35], United States National Cancer Institute (NIH) [R01-CA-1434600], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de Microbiologie (MIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Laboratoire D'analyses Industrielles, International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska System-University of Nebraska System, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Service de Nutrition, E9, ANR-05-PNRA-0022,HEMECANCER,Effets des charcuteries sur la cancérogenèse colorectale. Etude des mécanismes. Choix de stratégies préventives(2005), Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, International Federation for Information Processing [Laxenburg, Austria] (IFIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - EIP (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut du Porc - IFIP (FRANCE), University of Nebraska Medical Center - UNMC (USA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand - CHU Clermont-Ferrand (FRANCE), University of Reading (UNITED KINGDOM), Université d'Auvergne - UDA (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Intervention-trial, Carcinogenesis, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Colorectal cancer, Rutin, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], alpha-Tocopherol, Medicine (miscellaneous), Viande rouge, Urine, Feces, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Single-Blind Method, Tocopherol, Cancer, Dimethylhydrazines, 0303 health sciences, Cross-Over Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Inulin, food and beverages, Middle Aged, Healthy Volunteers, 3. Good health, Diphosphates, Meat Products, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Creatinine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Alimentation et Nutrition, Red meat, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, Adult, Vitamin, medicine.medical_specialty, Prévention, Colon, Processed meat, chemistry.chemical_element, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, Calcium, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Aged, Prevention, Vitamin E, medicine.disease, Vitamine-E, Rats, Inbred F344, Acetylcysteine, Rats, Calcium, Dietary, Charcuterie, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, Endocrinology, chemistry, Human-volunteers, Cancer colon, Abietanes, Carcinogens, Vitamin-E, Essai-clinique, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; Background: Processed meat intake has been associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. We have shown that cured meat promotes carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions and increases specific biomarkers in the colon of rats. Objectives: We investigated whether cured meat modulates biomarkers of cancer risk in human volunteers and whether specific agents can suppress cured meat-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats and associated biomarkers in rats and humans. Design: Six additives (calcium carbonate, inulin, rutin, carnosol, alpha-tocopherol, and trisodium pyrophosphate) were added to cured meat given to groups of rats for 14 d, and fecal biomarkers were measured. On the basis of these results, calcium and tocopherol were kept for the following additional experiments: cured meat, with or without calcium or tocopherol, was given to dimethylhydrazine-initiated rats (47% meat diet for 100 d) and to human volunteers in a crossover study (180 g/d for 4 d). Rat colons were scored for mucin-depleted foci, putative precancer lesions. Biomarkers of nitrosation, lipoperoxidation, and cytotoxicity were measured in the urine and feces of rats and volunteers. Results: Cured meat increased nitroso compounds and lipoperoxidation in human stools (both P < 0.05). Calcium normalized both biomarkers in rats and human feces, whereas tocopherol only decreased nitro compounds in rats and lipoperoxidation in feces of volunteers (all P < 0.05). Last, calcium and tocopherol reduced the number of mucin-depleted foci per colon in rats compared with nonsupplemented cured meat (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Data suggest that the addition of calcium carbonate to the diet or alpha-tocopherol to cured meat may reduce colorectal cancer risk associated with cured-meat intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00994526.
Published: 2013

23. Du porc à la bande : étude des liens entre paramètres individuels pour modéliser la croissance à l'échelle de la population

Author: Vautier, Bertrand, Brossard, Ludovic, Jaap van Milgen, Quiniou, Nathalie, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Systèmes d'élevage, nutrition animale et humaine (SENAH), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut du Porc (IFIP). Paris, FRA., AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut du Porc
Subjects: covariance, variabilité individuelle, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], population, croissance animale, modélisation, porc
Abstract: Session : Alimentation; Les modèles de croissance du porc actuels n’intègrent pas la variation entre individus. Les besoins nutritionnels d’un porc "moyen" n’étant pas représentatifs de ceux du groupe, un aliment formulé selon les besoins du profil moyen d’une bande ne correspond pas aux animaux dont les besoins sont supérieurs à la moyenne. La connaissance de la variation des paramètres clés d’un modèle et de leurs liens est nécessaire à la simulation des réponses individuelles d’une bande. Le but de cette étude est de rechercher, par une analyse factorielle multiple duale, les structures de covariance liant les paramètres individuels entre eux à partir d'observations réalisées sur 1028 animaux issus de 32 groupes de porcs étudiés à la station IFIP de Romillé (35). Chaque profil individuel est déterminé par cinq paramètres, dont trois décrivent la croissance et deux l’ingéré ad libitum. Les distributions des paramètres au sein des populations sont résumées par un vecteur des moyennes et une matrice de covariance des paramètres autour de leur moyenne. Ni le vecteur moyen ni la matrice de covariance ne peuvent être généralisés à l'ensemble des groupes étudiés, ce qui indique que la structure diffère entre populations. En pratique, il est quasiment impossible de collecter en élevage les informations définissant la structure d'une population. Néanmoins, nous proposons de recueillir, pour un élevage donné, seulement les informations permettant de construire le vecteur moyen et d'appliquer ensuite une matrice de covariance générique obtenue à partir de l'échantillon des porcs étudiés afin de simuler une réponse de population la moins biaisée possible.
Published: 2012

24. Gut microbiota and host genetics contribute to the phenotypic variation of digestive and feed efficiency traits in growing pigs fed a conventional and a high fiber diet

Author: Vanille Déru, Francesco Tiezzi, Céline Carillier-Jacquin, Benoit Blanchet, Laurent Cauquil, Olivier Zemb, Alban Bouquet, Christian Maltecca, Hélène Gilbert, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), France Génétique Porc, North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Université de Florence, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Physiologie et Phénotypage des Porcs (UE 3P ), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), ANR-16-CE20-0003,MICROFEED,Comprendre le rôle du microbiote intestinal pour améliorer l'efficacité et la robustesse de la production porcine(2016), and European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Swine, Sus scrofa, Bayes Theorem, General Medicine, Animal Feed, Diet, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Biological Variation, Population, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Genetics, Animals, Animal Science and Zoology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Background Breeding pigs that can efficiently digest alternative diets with increased fiber content is a viable strategy to mitigate the feed cost in pig production. This study aimed at determining the contribution of the gut microbiota and host genetics to the phenotypic variability of digestive efficiency (DE) traits, such as digestibility coefficients of energy, organic matter and nitrogen, feed efficiency (FE) traits (feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake) and growth traits (average daily gain and daily feed intake). Data were available for 791 pigs fed a conventional diet and 735 of their full-sibs fed a high-fiber diet. Fecal samples were collected at 16 weeks of age to sequence the V3–V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and predict DE with near-infrared spectrometry. The proportions of phenotypic variance explained by the microbiota (microbiability) were estimated under three OTU filtering scenarios. Then, microbiability and heritability were estimated independently (models Micro and Gen) and jointly (model Micro+Gen) using a Bayesian approach for all traits. Breeding values were estimated in models Gen and Micro+Gen. Results Differences in microbiability estimates were significant between the two extreme filtering scenarios (14,366 and 803 OTU) within diets, but only for all DE. With the intermediate filtering scenario (2399 OTU) and for DE, microbiability was higher (> 0.44) than heritability ( Conclusions The microbiota explained a significant proportion of the phenotypic variance of the DE traits, which was even larger than that explained by the host genetics. Thus, the use of microbiota information could improve the selection of DE traits, and to a lesser extent, of growth and FE traits. In addition, our results show that, at least for DE traits, filtering OTU is an important step and influences the microbiability.
Published: 2022

25. 524. Deciphering genetic variants from whole genome affecting duodenum, liver and muscle transcriptomes in pigs

Author: D. Crespo-Piazuelo, O. González-Rodríguez, M. Mongellaz, H. Acloque, M.-J. Mercat, M.C.A.M. Bink, A.E. Huisman, Y. Ramayo-Caldas, J.P. Sánchez, M. Ballester, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Hendrix Genetics, European Project: 817998,H2020,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1., and H2020-EU.3.2.3.1.,GENE-SWitCH(2019)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: With the aim of deciphering genetic variants affecting gene expression levels of duodenum, liver and muscle, the DNA and RNA of 300 pigs from three different breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) was extracted and sequenced. After filtering and normalizing both the genomic and the transcriptomic datasets, expression genome-wide association studies (eGWAS) were conducted between 25,315,878 polymorphisms and the expression of 16,753 genes in duodenum, 15,710 genes in liver, and 13,887 genes in muscle. In total, more than 1.17×10 12 combinations were performed, obtaining 19,926,590 significantly associated polymorphisms, which were grouped in 148,639 expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) regions. Half of the polymorphisms were located in close proximity to their associated gene, but only 7,773 cis-eQTL regions were defined, the remaining being trans-eQTLs regions. Out of the cis-eQTL regions, 18 shared the same top polymorphism among the three tissues; thus, they were considered the strongest candidates for gene expression regulation.
Published: 2022

26. Consumer expectations on animal welfare in organic and low-input outdoor production: Insights from a consumer survey

Author: Lähtinen, Katja, Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Heinola, Katriina, Harju, Charlotta, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Zuliani, Anna, Ponzio, Raffaella, Warin, Laura, Herremans, Sophie, Bonnefous, Claire, Cozma, Vasile, Alibert, Laurent, Accotto, Caterina, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Thobe, Petra, Delanoue, Elsa, Collin, Anne, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], SIVtro VSF Italia, Slow Food Biodiversity, ITAVI, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), The PPILOW project as received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

27. Barriers and levers of enhancing animal welfare in organic and low-input outdoor production: Insights from a supply chain survey

Author: Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Heinola, Katriina, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, Bonnefous, Claire, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Zuliani, Anna, Ponzio, Raffaella, Warin, Laura, Herremans, Sophie, Baldinger, Lisa, Coletta, Monica, Re, Martina, Roguet, Christine, Spinu, Marina, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Collin, Anne, Niemi, Jarkko, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], SIVtro VSF Italia, Slow Food Biodiversity, ITAVI, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Institut du Porc (IFIP), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Fermentation Experts, The PPILOW project as received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, pig, free range, poultry, Artikkelit, measure, market incentive, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: Animal welfare is an essential part of the sustainability of animal production. While low-input farming, such as organic animal production, is often considered animal-friendly, several ways to enhance animal welfare in low-input animal production exist. However, currently there is little information on how farmers and other supply chain actors view different innovations and tools which may influence animal welfare in low-input outdoor and organic production systems. The aim of this study was to examine farmers’ and experts’ reactions to new approaches to pig and poultry production, with special attention to their animal welfare-related measures. The reactions were tested formally in by using a quantitative survey instrument in nine European countries (Finland, UK, France, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Romania). In the survey, respondents’ views on production practices and novel measures were asked. These included aspects such as applicability and advantages and disadvantages of various measures such as avoiding mutilations, using dual-purpose or local breeds, or in-ovo sexing. The data included altogether 218 responses from nine countries. Differences between countries were tested and groups of respondents were identified. The results suggest that supply side stakeholders foresee the welfare benefits and some disadvantages of welfare improving measures proposed to them. However, they also indicate that several measures were considered inapplicable despite their benefits. Inadequate financial provisions to adopt a measure was considered as one of the most important reasons for inapplicability of a measure. This may imply either high costs of implementing measures of low market incentives or perceived low demand for animal-friendly products. Other barriers for adopting welfare-friendly measures included farm-specific factors such as limitations imposed by housing. The respondents indicated a high relative preference for feeding, breeding, shelter from predators and the use of vaccines and anti-parasitic treatments to the provision of enrichments and nesting material to pigs, and to mutilations. Farmers agreed that environmental enrichments are important welfare-improving levers and preferred their use in low-input pig and poultry production. Animal breeding-related measures in pig production were perceived quite favorably by supply side stakeholders. Despite their welfare benefits, farmers in some countries had quite high preference towards maintaining castration and tail docking in pig and beak trimming in broiler production as part of their production method.
Published: 2022

28. Understanding technical, ethical & socio-economic barriers and levers for improving poultry and pig welfare in low-input and organic farming systems

Author: Niemi, Jarkko, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Rocchi, Lucia, Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Heinola, Katriina, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Baldinger, Lisa, Thobe, Petra, Almadani Mohamad, Isam, Zuliani, Anna, Coletta, Monica, Ponzio, Raffaella, Accotto, Caterina, Alibert, Laurent, Roguet, Christine, Delanoue, Elsa, Cozma, Vasile, Spinu, Marina, Warin, Laura, Re, Martina, Herremans, Sophie, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Harper Adams University, BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, SIVtro VSF Italia, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Slow Food Italy, Slow Food International, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, ITAVI, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

29. Prise en compte du génotype halothane dans l’évaluation de la population Piétrain

Author: Schwob, Sandrine, Tribout, Thierry, Bazin, Christophe, Delaunay, Isabelle, Bidanel, Joël, Larzul, Catherine, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut du Porc, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut du Porc (IFIP). La Motte au Vicomte, FRA., and AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Sciences agricoles, Agricultural sciences
Abstract: The halothane sensitivity allele (n) is segregating in the French Pietrain breed. Currently, the halothane genotype is used for the choice of young candidates even if it is not included in the genetic evaluation. This study was conducted to determine if the addition of the halothane genotype in the genetic evaluation of the French Pietrain population could improve the accuracy of the estimates of breeding values. Records were available for 47,804 Pietrain pigs of known halothane genotype (6,211 NN, 8,151 Nn, 33,442 nn). Average daily gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, lean mean content, carcass dressing percentage and meat quality index were recorded on 2,147 females between 2002 and 2008 in the French test stations. Age, backfat thickness and loin depth at 100 kg were recorded on 45,657 pigs in French selection herds during the same period. Two statistical models were compared, one including the halothane genotype as fixed effect (M2) and the other not (M1). Variance components used for predicting breeding values were estimated for the nine traits. Heritability estimates varied from 0.33 to 0.57 for M1 and 0.34 to 0.59 for M2, and were therefore higher than those used in the current genetic evaluation. Breeding values were then estimated using the models M1 or M2. Correlations between M1 and M2 estimates of breeding values were very high for each trait except for carcass dressing percentage, whatever the halothane genotype. According to Kendall correlation coefficients, including the halothane genotype in the genetic evaluation has an impact on the ranking of animals, particularly for the heterozygous ones.
Published: 2010

30. Genic and non-genic SNP contributions to additive and dominance genetic effects in purebred and crossbred pig traits

Author: Mohammadpanah, Mahshid, Ayatollahi Mehrgardi, Ahmad, Gilbert, Hélène, Larzul, Catherine, Mercat, Marie-José, Esmailizadeh, Ali, Momen, Mehdi, Tusell, Llibertat, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran, ANR-10-GENM-0015,UtOpIGe,Vers une Utilisation Optimale de l'Information Génomique dans les schémas pyramidaux(2010), European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015), Producció Animal, and Genètica i Millora Animal
Subjects: [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Genome, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Genotype, Models, Genetic, Swine, [SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Phenotype, Animals
Abstract: The present research has estimated the additive and dominance genetic variances of genic and intergenic segments for average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT) and pH of the semimembranosus dorsi muscle (PHS). Further, the predictive performance using additive and additive dominance models in a purebred Piétrain (PB) and a crossbred (Piétrain × Large White, CB) pig population was assessed. All genomic regions contributed equally to the additive and dominance genetic variations and lead to the same predictive ability that did not improve with the inclusion of dominance genetic effect and inbreeding in the models. Using all SNPs available, additive genotypic correlations between PB and CB performances for the three traits were high and positive (> 0.83) and dominance genotypic correlation was very inaccurate. Estimates of dominance genotypic correlations between all pairs of traits in both populations were imprecise but positive for ADG-BFT in CB and BFT-PHS in PB and CB with a high probability (> 0.98). Additive and dominance genotypic correlations between BFT and PHS were of different sign in both populations, which could indicate that genes contributing to the additive genetic progress in both traits would have an antagonistic effect when used for exploiting dominance effects in planned matings.
Published: 2022

31. Mieux connaître le comportement du porc pour une bonne relation avec les humains en élevage

Author: Marie-Christine Meunier-Salaün, Céline Tallet, Armelle Prunier, Nicolas Devillers, Valérie Courboulay, Avelyne S. Villain, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), and Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies
Abstract: The relationship between pigs and humans is at the heart of animal husbandry and animal welfare. Humans, through their behaviour and their choices of practices, housing conditions and herd management, influence the mental state of their animals. This article reviews the knowledge on the human-animal relationship in pig farming. Farming practices and management systems have an impact on the relationship between pigs and humans. Many practices are sources of pain and fear and induce subsequent reactions of fear in piglets towards humans, even unknown ones.Contrarily, practices that aim at developing a close relationship, reduce fear and increase confidence in humans. Human presence, even for a few minutes per day, is sufficient to get a pig used to humans. Talking to animals is essential, even in utero. Piglets appreciate soft tactile contacts, strokes and scratches. Thus, human presence, when combined with positive interactions, gains a positive value, which creates a climate of trust and stimulates positive emotions that will improve animal welfare. Creating a good relationship in farms is thus essential. Pig welfare will benefit from it, but also famers’ security and satisfaction at work. A better understanding of pig behaviour is necessary in order to take more account of it. Giving advice and training farmers have to integrate this knowledge.; La relation entre les porcs et les humains est au centre de l’élevage et est un des piliers du bien-être animal. L’humain, par son comportement et ses choix de pratiques, de conditions de logement et de gestion du troupeau va influencer l’état mental de ses animaux. Cette synthèse propose un bilan des travaux sur la relation humain-animal en élevage porcin. Les pratiques et les modes d’élevage ont un impact sur la relation à l’humain. Certaines pratiques sont source de douleur et de peur pour les porcelets, et provoquent des réactions ultérieures de peur vis-à-vis des humains, même inconnus. Inversement, des pratiques ayant pour but de développer une relation de proximité diminuent la peur des humains et favorisent une relation de confiance. En effet, les interactions humaines modifient le comportement des porcs. La présence humaine suffit à habituer un porcelet aux humains, même quelques minutes par jour. Parler aux animaux est primordial, y comprisin utero. Les porcelets apprécient les contacts tactiles doux, caresses ou grattages. L’humain, ainsi associé à des interactions positives, prend une valeur positive, ce qui permet d’instaurer un climat de confiance et peut susciter des émotions positives favorables au bien-être animal. Créer une bonne relation en élevage est donc essentiel. Ceci sera bénéfique non seulement au bien-être des porcs, mais aussi à la sécurité et la satisfaction au travail des éleveurs. Cela nécessite de mieux connaître le comportement des porcs pour davantage le prendre en compte. Le conseil et la formation aux éleveurs doivent intégrer ces connaissances.
Published: 2020

32. Genetics of digestive efficiency in growing pigs fed a conventional or a high‐fibre diet

Author: Alban Bouquet, Philippe Ganier, Benoît Blanchet, Etienne Labussière, Hélène Gilbert, Céline Carillier-Jacquin, Vanille Déru, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), France Génétique Porc, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie et Phénotypage des Porcs (UE 3P ), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Dietary Fiber, Swine, Near-Infrared Spectrometry, Biology, Feed conversion ratio, digestive efficiency, high‐fibre diet, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal science, Food Animals, feed efficiency, Animals, genetics, High fibre diet, Carcass composition, 2. Zero hunger, 0402 animal and dairy science, Dietary fibre, pigs, Large white, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Original Articles, 040201 dairy & animal science, Animal Feed, Diet, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Body Composition, Pork Meat, Animal Science and Zoology, Original Article, Digestion, Residual feed intake, high-fibre diet
Abstract: International audience; The use of diets with increased dietary fibre content (HF) from alternative feedstuffs is a solution to limit the impact of increased feed costs on pig production. This study aimed at determining the impact of an alternative HF diet on pig digestibility and at estimating genetic parameters of this trait. Digestibility coefficients (DC) of energy, organic matter and nitrogen were predicted from faecal samples analysed with near infrared spectrometry for 1,242 samples, and it represented 654 Large White pigs fed a conventional (CO) diet and 588 fed a HF diet. Growth and feed efficiency traits, carcass composition and meat quality traits were recorded. Pigs fed the HF diet had significantly lower DC than pigs fed the CO diet (−4.5 to 6.0 points). The DC were moderately to highly heritable (about 0.26 ± 0.12 and 0.54 ± 0.15 in the CO and the HF diet, respectively). Genetic correlations were favourable with feed conversion ratio, daily feed intake and residual feed intake, but unfavourable with average daily gain (ADG) and carcass yield (CY). To conclude, DC could be an interesting trait to include in future breeding objectives if pigs were fed diet with HF diets, but adverse genetic trends with ADG and CY would have to be taken into account.
Published: 2020

33. Impact of a high-fibre diet on genetic parameters of production traits in growing pigs

Author: A. Bouquet, Vanille Déru, Hélène Gilbert, Céline Carillier-Jacquin, C. Hassenfratz, B. Blanchet, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut du Porc (IFIP)
Subjects: Meat, Swine, dietary fibres, genetic by feed interactions, Biology, Loin, SF1-1100, Feed conversion ratio, Genetic correlation, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal science, selection decisions, feed efficiency, Genetic variation, Animals, Production (economics), 030304 developmental biology, Rank correlation, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, 0402 animal and dairy science, Reproducibility of Results, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Heritability, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, Animal culture, Diet, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Body Composition, Animal Science and Zoology, Breeding and Genetics, genetic variance, Residual feed intake, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; The use of diets with increased fibre content from alternative feedstuffs less digestible for pigs is a solution considered to limit the impact of increased feed costs on pig production. This study aimed at determining the impact of an alternative diet on genetic parameters for growth, feed efficiency, carcass composition and meat quality traits. A total of 783 Large White pigs were fed a high-fibre (HF) diet and 880 of their sibs were fed a conventional (CO) cereal-based diet. Individual daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake were recorded as well as lean meat percentage (LMP), carcass yield (CY) and meat quality traits. Pigs fed the CO diet had better performances for growth and feed efficiency than pigs fed the HF diet. They also had lower LMP and higher CY. In addition, pigs fed the CO diet had lower loin percentage and ham percentage and higher backfat percentage. No differences were observed in meat quality traits between diets, except for a* and b* values. For all traits, the genetic variances and heritability were not different between diets. Genetic correlations for traits between diets ranged between 0.80 ± 0.13 and 0.99 ± not estimable, and none were significantly different from 0.99, except for LMP. Thus, traits in both diets were considered as mainly affected by similar sets of genes in the two diets. A genetic correlation lower than 0.80 would justify redesigning the breeding scheme; however, some genetic correlations did not differ significantly from 0.80 either. Therefore, larger populations are needed for a more definitive answer regarding the design of the breeding scheme. To further evaluate selection strategies, a production index was computed within diets for the 29 sires with estimated breeding value reliability higher than 0.35. The rank correlation between indices estimated in the CO and in the HF diet was 0.72. Altogether, we concluded that limited interaction between feed and genetics could be evidenced, and based on these results there is no need to change pig selection schemes to adapt to the future increased use of alternative feedstuffs in production farms.
Published: 2020

34. Genetic determinism of boar taint and relationship with growth traits, meat quality and lesions

Author: Catherine Larzul, B. Blanchet, Marie-José Mercat, Armelle Prunier, C. Dugué, M. Monziols, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Unité Expérimentale Porcs Rennes (UE PR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), French National Research Agency (ANR) - ANR-10-GENOM_BTV-015 UtOpIGe, and ANR-10-GENM-0015,UtOpIGe,Vers une Utilisation Optimale de l'Information Génomique dans les schémas pyramidaux(2010)
Subjects: Male, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Meat, héritabilité, Boar taint, Swine, androstenone, porc mâle entier, oestradiol, Biology, Breeding, heritability, Loin, androsténone, Crossbreed, SF1-1100, comportement animal, Genetic determinism, Genetic Determinism, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Surgical castration, Animals, aggressiveness, carcass, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, sélection génétique, 0402 animal and dairy science, Androstenone, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Heritability, agressivité, 040201 dairy & animal science, Skatole, Animal culture, Phenotype, chemistry, carcasse, Animal Science and Zoology, Purebred, Autre (Sciences du Vivant), Research Article
Abstract: Notice à Reprendre pas de clé UT au 13 Février 2020; International audience; Breeding entire males is an alternative to surgical castration to improve their welfare. However, entire males may have a major quality defect called boar taint. Boar taint is partly due to the presence of androstenone in fat. In this study, we estimated the genetic parameters between androstenone and production traits to evaluate the consequences of selection against boar taint for traits of interest. We focused on growth traits, meat quality, lesions, hormone levels and computerised tomography measurements in purebred Piétrain (P) or Piétrain cross Large White (X) entire males. The number of measured animals varied from 670 P and 734 X for hormones concentrations to 553 P and 645 X for computerised tomography measurements. Skin lesions were measured on live pigs shortly after mixing, at the end of the fattening period, and on carcasses. Heritabilities of traits measured by tomography ranged from low to high: femur density (P: 0.34, X: 0.69), loin eye area (P: 0.53, X: 0.88) and loin eye density (P: 0.12, X: 0.18). The mean number of lesions at each stage was lower in purebred pigs than in crossbreds (entering the fattening stage 4.01 in P and 4.68 in X; before slaughter 3.72 in P and 4.22 in X; on carcass 4.50 in P and 4.96 in X). We also observed a decrease in the average number of lesions between the two stages in live pigs. We found high genetic correlations between stages in purebred pigs (0.74 to 0.76) but low correlations (−0.30 to 0.29) in crossbred pigs. Selection aiming to decrease fat androstenone is feasible ( h2 = 0.57 in P and h2 = 0.71 in X). It would have overall positive effects on meat production and quality traits. Selection aiming to reduce plasma oestradiol would strongly reduce the level of fat androstenone (rg = 0.89 in P and rg = 0.84 in X). Selection against oestradiol is easier and less invasive since it would only require a blood sample rather than a fat biopsy in live animals.
Published: 2020

35. Do farming conditions influence brominated flame retardant levels in pig and poultry products?

Author: S. Le Bouquin, A. Charpiot, Christophe Souchet, Angélique Travel, J. Coton, Catherine Jondreville, Gaud Dervilly-Pinel, L. Balaine, Michel Marcon, Rodolphe Thomas, B. Le Bizec, A. Vénisseau, Y. Rousselière, Ronan Cariou, Eric Royer, Philippe Marchand, A. Huneau-Salaün, Laboratoire de Ploufragan - Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ITAVI
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Farms, Meat, Swine, 040301 veterinary sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chicken, pork, SF1-1100, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, 0403 veterinary science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, Animals, Humans, Ingestion, Food science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, persistent organic pollutant, Flame Retardants, 2. Zero hunger, Hexabromocyclododecane, Persistent organic pollutant, Chemistry, 0402 animal and dairy science, Broiler, Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040201 dairy & animal science, Animal culture, 13. Climate action, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Bioaccumulation, Brominated flame retardant, egg, Environmental Pollutants, Animal Science and Zoology, France, Chickens, farm, Environmental Monitoring, Fire retardant
Abstract: Brominated flame retardants (BFR) are primarily used as flame retardant additives in insulating materials. These lipophilic compounds can bioaccumulate in animal tissues, leading to human exposure via food ingestion. Although their concentration in food is not yet regulated, several of these products are recognised as persistent organic pollutants; they are thought to act as endocrine disruptors. The present study aimed to characterise the occurrence of two families of BFRs (hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)) in hen eggs and broiler or pig meat in relation to their rearing environments. Epidemiological studies were carried out on 60 hen egg farms (34 without an open-air range, 26 free-range), 57 broiler farms (27 without an open-air range, 30 free-range) and 42 pig farms without an open-air range in France from 2013 to 2015. For each farm, composite samples from either 12 eggs, five broiler pectoral muscles or three pig tenderloins were obtained. Eight PBDE congeners and three HBCDD stereoisomers were quantified in product fat using gas chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry, or high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The frequencies of PBDE detection were 28% for eggs (median concentration 0.278 ng/g fat), 72% for broiler muscle (0.392 ng/g fat) and 49% for pig muscle (0.403 ng/g fat). At least one HBCDD stereoisomer was detected in 17% of eggs (0.526 ng/g fat), 46% of broiler muscle (0.799 ng/g fat) and 36% of pig muscle (0.616 ng/g fat). Results were similar in concentration to those obtained in French surveillance surveys from 2012 to 2016. Nevertheless, the contamination of free-range eggs and broilers was found to be more frequent than that of conventional ones, suggesting that access to an open-air range could be an additional source of exposure to BFRs for animals. However, the concentration of BFRs in all products remained generally very low. No direct relationship could be established between the occurrence of BFRs in eggs and meat and the characteristics of farm buildings (age, building materials). The potential presence of BFRs in insulating materials is not likely to constitute a significant source of animal exposure as long as the animals do not have direct access to these materials.
Published: 2020

36. Stakeholder and consumer views towards animal welfare-enhancing practices in organic pig and poultry production: insights from the PPILOW survey

Author: Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Heinola, Katriina, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Baldinger, Lisa, Thobe, Petra, Zuliani, Anna, Coletta, Monica, Ponzio, Raffaella, Accotto, Caterina, Alibert, Laurent, Roguet, Christine, Delanoue, Elsa, Cozma, Vasile, Spinu, Marina, Warin, Laura, Re, Martina, Herremans, Sophie, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, SIVtro VSF Italia, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Slow Food Italy, Slow Food International, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, ITAVI, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

37. Runs of homozygosity provide a genome landscape picture of inbreeding and genetic history of European autochthonous and commercial pig breeds

Author: Christoph Zimmer, Marie-José Mercat, Rui Charneca, Cristina Óvilo, Goran Kušec, Anisa Ribani, Estefania Alves, J.M. Martins, Juliette Riquet, Raquel Quintanilla, G. Usai, Samuele Bovo, Valerio Joe Utzeri, Maurizio Gallo, Ana Isabel Fernández, Yolanda Núñez, Danijel Karolyi, Violeta Razmaite, María Muñoz, Giuseppina Schiavo, Fabián García, Riccardo Bozzi, Luca Fontanesi, Čedomir Radović, Radomir Savić, Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, José Pedro Araújo, University of Bologna, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Université de Florence, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), University of Évora [Portugal], Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Bologna RFO 2016-2019 programs, European Project: 634476,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,TREASURE(2015), Schiavo G., Bovo S., Munoz M., Ribani A., Alves E., Araujo J.P., Bozzi R., Candek-Potokar M., Charneca R., Fernandez A.I., Gallo M., Garcia F., Karolyi D., Kusec G., Martins J.M., Mercat M.-J., Nunez Y., Quintanilla R., Radovic C., Razmaite V., Riquet J., Savic R., Usai G., Utzeri V.J., Zimmer C., Ovilo C., Fontanesi L., University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, University of Zagreb, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Inst Anim Husb, Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Belgrade [Belgrade], AGRIS sardegna, Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall (BESH), Università di Bologna, European Commission, Schiavo, G., Bovo, S., Ribani, A., Araújo, J.P., Bozzi, R., Čandek-Potokar, M., Charneca, R., Fernandez, A.I., Kušec, G., Campos Martín, José Miguel, Mercat, M.J., Núñez, Y., Quintanilla, R., Radović, Č., Razmaite, V., Riquet, J., Savić, R., Usai, G., Utzeri, V.J., Fontanesi, L., Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, UNIVERSITY OF FIRENZE (UNIVERSITY OF FIRENZE), and Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sus scrofa, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Runs of Homozygosity, population genomic, Population genomics, single nucleotide polymorphism, Genotype, Inbreeding, autozygosity, population genomics, selection signature, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Genome, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Homozygote, Single Nucleotide, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Europe, Genetic structure, Population, Autozygosity, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, [SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Animals, Population Density, Polymorphism, education, 0402 animal and dairy science, Selection signature, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, Single nucleotide polymorphism, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Animal Science and Zoology, Sarda
Abstract: 16 Pág. Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, ROHs are long stretches of DNA homozygous at each polymorphic position. The proportion of genome covered by ROHs and their length are indicators of the level and origin of inbreeding. Frequent common ROHs within the same population define ROH islands and indicate hotspots of selection. In this work, we investigated ROHs in a total of 1131 pigs from 20 European local pig breeds and in three cosmopolitan breeds, genotyped with the GGP Porcine HD Genomic Profiler. plink software was used to identify ROHs. Size classes and genomic inbreeding parameters were evaluated. ROH islands were defined by evaluating different thresholds of homozygous SNP frequency. A functional overview of breed-specific ROH islands was obtained via over-representation analyses of GO biological processes. Mora Romagnola and Turopolje breeds had the largest proportions of genome covered with ROH (~1003 and ~955 Mb respectively), whereas Nero Siciliano and Sarda breeds had the lowest proportions (~207 and 247 Mb respectively). The highest proportion of long ROH (>16 Mb) was in Apulo-Calabrese, Mora Romagnola and Casertana. The largest number of ROH islands was identified in the Italian Landrace (n = 32), Cinta Senese (n = 26) and Lithuanian White Old Type (n = 22) breeds. Several ROH islands were in regions encompassing genes known to affect morphological traits. Comparative ROH structure analysis among breeds indicated the similar genetic structure of local breeds across Europe. This study contributed to understanding of the genetic history of the investigated pig breeds and provided information to manage these pig genetic resources., This work has been funded by University of Bologna RFO 2016-2019 programs and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (TREASURE project – grant agreement no. 634476). The content of this work reflects only the authors’ view and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Published: 2022

38. Digestive efficiency traits in growing pigs are genetically correlated with sow litter traits in the Large White breed

Author: A. Bouquet, V. Déru, B. Blanchet, P. Ganier, L. Flatrès-Grall, B. Ligonesche, C. Carillier-Jacquin, E. Labussière, H. Gilbert, Gilbert, Hélène, Adapting the feed, the animal and the feeding techniques to improve the efficiency and sustainability of monogastric livestock production systems - Feed-a-Gene - - H20202015-03-01 - 2020-02-29 - 633531 - VALID, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), France Génétique Porc, Physiologie et Phénotypage des Porcs (UE 3P ), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Metatoul AXIOM (E20 ), MetaboHUB-MetaToul, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nucléus, European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN)
Subjects: Male, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Swine, Feed efficiency, Weaning, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, SF1-1100, 03 medical and health sciences, Eating, Pregnancy, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animals, Lactation, coefficients, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Pig, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Piglet survival, Reproduction, 0402 animal and dairy science, [SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040201 dairy & animal science, Digestibility coefficients, Animal culture, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Litter size, Digestibility, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology
Abstract: International audience; Digestive efficiency traits are promising selection criteria to improve feed efficiency in pigs. However, the genetic relationships between digestive efficiency and sow reproductive traits are mostly unknown and need to be estimated. In this study, reproductive traits were available for 61 601 litters recorded on 21 719 Large White purebred sows. The traits were comprised of the number of born alive (NBA) and the number of weaned piglets (NWP), the number of stillbirths (NSB) and piglet mortality during suckling (PM). For a subset of 32 518 litters, the mean (MBW) and CV of piglet birth weights (CVBW) were deduced from individual piglet weights as well as the proportion of piglets weighing less than 1 kg (PPL1K). Growth and feed efficiency traits were available for 4 643 Large White male pigs related to sows with reproductive performances. They comprised average daily gain (ADG), daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). A subset of 1 391 pigs had predictions for digestibility coefficients (DC) of energy, organic matter and nitrogen obtained by analysing faecal samples with near-infrared spectrometry. Estimated heritabilities were low for NBA, NSB, NWP and PM (0.08 ± 0.01 to 0.11 ± 0.01) and low to moderate for litter weight characteristics (0.14 ± 0.02 to 0.38 ± 0.01). Heritability estimates were moderate to high for ADG, DFI and FCR (0.37 ± 0.04 to 0.54 ± 0.05) and moderate for DC traits (0.26 ± 0.06 to 0.38 ± 0.07). Genetic correlations were low between ADG, or alternatively FCR, and reproductive traits. They were significantly different from zero with MBW (0.19 ± 0.06 with ADG and 0.15 ± 0.06 with FCR) and PPL1K (0.19 ± 0.07 with ADG and 0.18 ± 0.07 with FCR). All genetic correlations between DFI and reproductive traits were low and not significantly different from zero. Genetic correlations between DC traits and NBA were significantly different from zero for DC of organic matter and energy (0.30 ± 0.11), CVBW (
Published: 2022

39. 54èmes journées de la recherche porcine

Author: Bidanel, Jean Pierre, Brossard, Ludovic, Dourmad, Jean-Yves, Louveau, Isabelle, Oswald, Isabelle P., Quiniou, Nathalie, Renaudeau, David, Roguet, Christine, Hemonic, Anne, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut du Porc (IFIP)
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

40. Admixture and breed traceability in European indigenous pig breeds and wild boar using genome-wide SNP data

Author: Christos Dadousis, Maria Muñoz, Cristina Óvilo, Maria Chiara Fabbri, José Pedro Araújo, Samuele Bovo, Marjeta Čandek Potokar, Rui Charneca, Alessandro Crovetti, Maurizio Gallo, Juan María García-Casco, Danijel Karolyi, Goran Kušec, José Manuel Martins, Marie-José Mercat, Carolina Pugliese, Raquel Quintanilla, Čedomir Radović, Violeta Razmaite, Anisa Ribani, Juliet Riquet, Radomir Savić, Giuseppina Schiavo, Martin Škrlep, Silvia Tinarelli, Graziano Usai, Christoph Zimmer, Luca Fontanesi, Riccardo Bozzi, European Commission, Slovenian Research Agency, Dadousis, Christos [0000-0002-7689-6443], Óvilo, Cristina [0000-0002-5738-8435], Fabbri, Maria Chiara [0000-0002-3224-745X], Araújo, José Pedro [0000-0002-1232-3160], Bovo, Samuele [0000-0002-5712-8211], Potokar, Marjeta Čandek [0000-0003-0231-126X], Charneca, Rui [0000-0002-3597-6746], Crovetti, Alessandro [0000-0002-4052-0794], García-Casco, Juan María [0000-0003-0851-608X], Karolyi, Danijel [0000-0003-0409-9071], Kušec, Goran [0000-0002-2900-4019], Mercat, Marie-José [0000-0002-3087-082X], Pugliese, Carolina [000-0002-3735-8714], Tinarelli, Silvia [0000-0001-8875-5456], Usai, Graziano [0000-0002-6002-2223], Fontanesi, Luca [00000000-0001-7050-3760-0001-7050-3760], Riccardo Bozzi [0000-0001-8854-0834], Dadousis C., Munoz M., Ovilo C., Fabbri M.C., Araujo J.P., Bovo S., Potokar M.C., Charneca R., Crovetti A., Gallo M., Garcia-Casco J.M., Karolyi D., Kusec G., Martins J.M., Mercat M.-J., Pugliese C., Quintanilla R., Radovic C., Razmaite V., Ribani A., Riquet J., Savic R., Schiavo G., Skrlep M., Tinarelli S., Usai G., Zimmer C., Fontanesi L., Bozzi R., Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Universidade de Évora, Department of Animal Science [Zagreb], Faculty of Agriculture [Zagreb] (UNIZG), University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Slovenian Research Agency (grant number P4-0133), European Project: 634476,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,TREASURE(2015), Dadousis, Christos, Óvilo, Cristina, Fabbri, Maria Chiara, Araújo, José Pedro, Bovo, Samuele, Potokar, Marjeta Čandek, Charneca, Rui, Crovetti, Alessandro, García-Casco, Juan María, Karolyi, Danijel, Kušec, Goran, Mercat, Marie-José, Pugliese, Carolina, Tinarelli, Silvia, Usai, Graziano, Fontanesi, Luca, Riccardo Bozzi, Producció Animal, and Genètica i Millora Animal
Subjects: Pig, Genome, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Multidisciplinary, Swine, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Sus scrofa, SNP, DAPC, Admixture, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, pig, local breeds, wild boar, admixture, breed traceability, Plant Breeding, local pig, traceability, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Genomic, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Animals, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Biological Specimen Banks
Abstract: 13 Pág., Preserving diversity of indigenous pig (Sus scrofa) breeds is a key factor to (i) sustain the pork chain (both at local and global scales) including the production of high-quality branded products, (ii) enrich the animal biobanking and (iii) progress conservation policies. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips offer the opportunity for whole-genome comparisons among individuals and breeds. Animals from twenty European local pigs breeds, reared in nine countries (Croatia: Black Slavonian, Turopolje; France: Basque, Gascon; Germany: Schwabisch-Hällisches Schwein; Italy: Apulo Calabrese, Casertana, Cinta Senese, Mora Romagnola, Nero Siciliano, Sarda; Lithuania: Indigenous Wattle, White Old Type; Portugal: Alentejana, Bísara; Serbia: Moravka, Swallow-Bellied Mangalitsa; Slovenia: Krškopolje pig; Spain: Iberian, Majorcan Black), and three commercial breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) were sampled and genotyped with the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 70 K HD porcine genotyping chip. A dataset of 51 Wild Boars from nine countries was also added, summing up to 1186 pigs (~ 49 pigs/breed). The aim was to: (i) investigate individual admixture ancestries and (ii) assess breed traceability via discriminant analysis on principal components (DAPC). Albeit the mosaic of shared ancestries found for Nero Siciliano, Sarda and Moravka, admixture analysis indicated independent evolvement for the rest of the breeds. High prediction accuracy of DAPC mark SNP data as a reliable solution for the traceability of breed-specific pig products., This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 634476 for the project with acronym TREASURE. The content of this article reflects only the authors’ view and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. MŠ and MČP received core-financing by the Slovenian Research Agency (grant number P4-0133).
Published: 2022

41. Vers un affichage environnemental des produits animaux : compte-rendu de trois webinaires organisés par l’Association Française de Zootechnie au cours de l'année 2021

Author: Dourmad, Jean-Yves, André, Emma, Bonnot, Sabine, Darmon, Nicole, Dolle, Jean-Baptiste, Espagnol, Sandrine, Mottet, Anne, Péchenart, Elodie, Peyraud, Jean-Louis, To, Valérie, van Der Werf, Hayo, Hocquette, Jean-François, Association Française de Zootechnie, Association Française de Zootechnie (AFZ), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Association Nationale Interprofessionnelle du Bétail et des Viandes (INTERBEV), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), FAO Animal Production and Health Division (FAO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), ITAVI, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ministère de la Transition Ecologique et Solidaire (MTES), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Interventions et débats disponibles sur la chaine YouTube de l'AFZ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1aGImS49Ww; National audience; The French association of animal production (AFZ) organized three webinars in order to take stock of knowledge about the environmental assessment of animal products, in the perspective of the upcoming environmental labelling of food items. This article summarizes the nine presentations and the debates during these webinars. The first webinar considered the issue of the environmental assessment of livestock systems and their products, within the broader framework of sustainable human food as defined by the FAO, thus emphasizing that the solutions for improvement are diverse depending on the country, as well in terms of farming systems as in evolution of production and consumption. The second webinar was devoted to the methods and data available for the environmental assessment of livestock systems and animal products. The third webinar focused on the environmental labelling of food items with a first contribution on the approaches to identify more sustainable diets, followed by three presentations related to the labelling experiment conducted by the Ministry of Ecological Transition, in partnership with actors in the field. These different contributions underline the importance of the methodological achievements and the available data, even if some improvements still need to be made, in particular to better take into account the specificities of pasture-based and organic livestock farming systems. In addition, the labelling experiments confirmed consumers' interest in getting an explicit information about the environmental impact of their food.; L’Association Française de Zootechnie (AFZ) a organisé trois webinaires afin de faire l’état des lieux des connaissances relatives à l’évaluation environnementale des produits animaux, dans la perspective de la mise en place de l’affichage environnemental des produits alimentaires. Cet article résume les neuf interventions et les débats qui les ont suivis. Le premier webinaire a permis de positionner la problématique de l’évaluation environnementale des systèmes d’élevage et de leurs produits, dans le cadre plus large d’une alimentation durable, telle qu’elle est envisagée par la FAO, soulignant ainsi que, selon les pays, les solutions sont très diverses aussi bien en termes d’évolution des systèmes d’élevage que de niveau de production et de consommation. Le second webinaire était consacré à la présentation des méthodologies et des données disponibles pour l’évaluation environnementale des systèmes d’élevage et des produits animaux. Le troisième webinaire s’est intéressé à l’affichage environnemental des produits alimentaires avec une première intervention sur les avantages et limites des approches mises en œuvre pour identifier des choix alimentaires plus durables, suivie de trois présentations relatives à l’expérimentation d’affichage conduite par le Ministère de la Transition Écologique en partenariat avec des acteurs de terrain. Les différentes présentations soulignent l’importance des acquis méthodologiques et des données disponibles, même si des améliorations restent à apporter, en particulier pour mieux prendre en compte les spécificités des systèmes d’élevage herbagers et biologiques. Par ailleurs, les expérimentations d’affichage confirment l’intérêt des consommateurs pour une information explicite sur l’impact environnemental des produits alimentaires.
Published: 2022

42. HYPER-SCAN - Développer des technologies innovantes de tri des pièces de découpe de porc

Author: Daumas, Gérard, Vautier, Antoine, Le Page, Ronan, Monziols, Mathieu, Lhommeau, Thierry, Poffo, Luiz, Lebret, Bénédicte, Goujon, Jean-Marc, Causeur, David, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes (IRMAR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, CASDAR, and CASDAR HYPERSCAN
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], hyperspectral, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], induction magnétique, pork, magetic induction, tissular composition, scanner, composition tissulaire, Qualité de viande
Abstract: Ce volume regroupe les textes issus du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" et "Recherche technologique" de 2016. Il a été réalisé sous l’égide du GIS Relance Agronomique.; The sorting of pork cuts is based on their tissue composition and meat quality. But it is mostly manual and of limited accuracy. A magnetic induction scanner was tested in the HYPER-SCAN project on 80 bellies and 100 hams. 88% of the bellies were well classified in the 4 commercial classes. The muscle content of ham was predicted with an R² of 0.93. X-ray tomography showed that 3 or 4 measurement sites were sufficient to accurately predict the composition of hams, bellies and loins (R² > 0.90). A prototype hyperspectral imager was developed to qualify the meat quality of the loin. The ultimate pH was the best predicted criterion (R² = 0.65). The predictions of exudate, intramuscular lipid content and technological yield were found to be satisfactory. This system showed great potential for the development of a more accurate online tool for automatic meat quality prediction.; Le tri des pièces de découpe du porc repose sur leur composition tissulaire et leur qualité de viande. Mais il est essentiellement manuel et d'une précision limitée. Un scanner à induction magnétique a été testé dans le projet HYPER-SCAN sur 80 poitrines et 100 jambons. 88% des poitrines ont été bien classées dans les 4 classes commerciales. La teneur en muscle du jambon a été prédite avec un R 2 de 0,64. La tomographie à rayons X a permis de montrer que 3 ou 4 sites de mesure sont suffisants pour prédire précisément la composition des jambons, poitrines et longes (R 2 > 0,90). Un prototype d'imageur hyperspectral a été développé pour qualifier la qualité de viande de la longe. Le pH ultime a été le critère le mieux prédit (R² = 0,65). Les prédictions de l'exsudat, de la teneur en lipides intramusculaires et du rendement technologique se sont avérées satisfaisantes. Ce système fait preuve d'un fort potentiel pour le développement d'un outil en ligne plus précis pour la prédiction automatique de la qualité de viande.
Published: 2022

43. Réflexion participative pour une optimisation de l’usage d’antibiotiques garantissant santé et bien-être des porcs et volailles

Author: Belloc, Catherine, Guenin, Marie-Jeanne, Leblanc-Maridor, Mily, Hemonic, Anne, Rousset, Nathalie, Carré, Yannick, Facon, Charles, Le Coz, Philippe, Marguerie, Jocelyn, Petiot, Jean-Marc, Jarnoux, Maxime, Paul, Mathilde, Molia, Sophie, Ducrot, Christian, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), ITAVI, ANVOL - Interprofession Volaille de Chair (ANVOL), Syndicat National des Vétérinaires COnseils (SNVECO), Société Nationale des Groupements Techniques Vétérinaires (SNGTV), Conseil National de l'Ordre des Vétérinaires (CNOV), Direction Générale de l'Alimentation (DGAL), Ministère de l'agriculture, de l'agroalimentaire et de la forêt, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ce travail a été financé par le programme recherche et innovation Horizon 2020 de l’Union européenne sous le numéro d’agrément No 817626. Il a été conduit au sein du projet ROADMAP., and European Project: 817626,ROADMAP
Subjects: [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies
Abstract: International audience; The use of antibiotics has fallen by almost 50 % in the French poultry and pig industry in 15 years. However, this change has been more or less significant depending on the farm, and the introduction of antibiotic-free labels by retailors has sometimes resulted in excessive reduction in the use of antibiotics, to the detriment of animal health and welfare. To make progress in improving the use of antibiotics, a participatory approach was carried out, bringing together representatives of veterinarians, the pig and poultry industry, technical institutes, the Ministry of Agriculture and researchers. The paper presents the major stages of the process and their results, concerning the long-term vision shared by the group concerning the use of antibiotics on farms, and the analysis of the obstacles to be lifted in order to move towards the shared objective. The results show, among other things, the importance of standardizing and disseminating systems for monitoring, at the farm level, animal health and welfare, use of antibiotics and level of resistance to antibiotics, in order to allow farmers and veterinarians to precisely monitor the use of antibiotics. Other fields of action concern the need for improved communication and consumer information on the issue of animal health, welfare and the proper use of antibiotics, and the issue of the economic competitiveness of the sector and the economic viability of farms that want to invest in prevention.; L'utilisation d'antibiotiques a diminué de près de 50 % dans les filières avicoles et porcines françaises en 15 ans. Cependant, cette évolution a été plus ou moins importante selon les élevages, et la mise en place de labels « sans antibiotiques » a pu se traduire dans certains cas par des excès de réduction d’usage des antibiotiques, au détriment de la santé et du bien-être des animaux. Pour avancer dans la rationnalisation du recours aux antibiotiques, une démarche participative a été menée, associant des représentants des vétérinaires praticiens, des interprofessions porcine et avicole, des instituts techniques, du ministère de l’agriculture et des chercheurs. L’article présente les étapes majeures de la démarche et leurs résultats, concernant la vision à long terme partagée par le groupe sur l'utilisation des antibiotiques en élevage, et l’analyse des verrous à lever pour avancer vers l’objectif partagé. Les résultats montrent entre autres l'importance de la standardisation et de la diffusion de dispositifs de suivi, à l’échelle de la ferme, de la santé et du bien-être des animaux, de l'utilisation des antibiotiques et du niveau de résistance aux antibiotiques, afin de permettre aux éleveurs et vétérinaires de piloter avec précision l’usage des antibiotiques. Les deux autres champs d’action du collectif concernent i) le besoin d'une meilleure communication et information des consommateurs sur la question de la santé animale, du bien-être et du bon usage des antibiotiques et ii) la compétitivité économique de la filière et la viabilité économique des exploitations qui veulent investir en prévention.
Published: 2022

44. Describing variability in pig genes involved in coronavirus infections for a One Health perspective in conservation of animal genetic resources

Author: Giuseppina Schiavo, Valeria Taurisano, Raquel Quintanilla, Anisa Ribani, Juan García-Casco, Rui Charneca, Valerio Joe Utzeri, Marie-José Mercat, Estefania Alves, Fabián García, Graham J Etherington, Samuele Bovo, Juliette Riquet, Danijel Karolyi, Christoph Zimmer, Ivona Djurkin Kušec, Federica Di Palma, Ana Isabel Fernández, G. Usai, Violeta Razmaite, María Muñoz, Yolanda Núñez, José Pedro Araújo, Martin Škrlep, Radomir Savić, J.M. Martins, Maurizio Gallo, Luca Fontanesi, Čedomir Radović, Mohamad Ballan, Cristina Óvilo, Riccardo Bozzi, University of Bologna, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Centro de Investigação de Montanha [Bragança, Portugal] (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Universidade de Évora, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Earlham Institute [Norwich], University of Zagreb, Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Suini, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Institute for Animal Husbandry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences [Kaunas, Lithuania], Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Kmetijski Inštitut Slovenije (KIS), AGRIS sardegna, Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall (BESH), European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)Ministry of Foreign Affairs of ItalyUniversity of Bologna RFO 2016-2019 programmesItalian MIUR 2017 PigPhenomics projectEuropean Commission634476European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Secretariat, project 'Application of animal genomics and data mining to predict and monitor novel coronavirus potential infections (VirAnimalOne)'EGI call for COVID-19 research projects (AnGen1H project)Por Fesr Emilia-Romagna 2014-2020 (actions 1.1.4 and 1.2.2-Bando per sostenere progetti di ricerca ed innovazione per lo sviluppo di soluzioni finalizzate al contrasto dell'epidemia da COVID-19-Project LIVESTOCK-STOP-COVI), European Project: 634476,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,TREASURE(2015), Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università di Bologna, European Commission, Bovo, Samuele, Schiavo, Giuseppina, Ribani, Anisa, Utzeri, Valerio J, Taurisano, Valeria, Araujo, Jose P, Bozzi, Riccardo, Charneca, Rui, Di Palma, Federica, Djurkin Kušec, Ivona, Etherington, Graham, Fernandez, Ana I, Suárez García, Fabián, García-Casco, Juan, Karolyi, D 0000-003-0409-9071], Martins, José Manuel, Mercat, Marie-José, Núñez, Yolanda, Radović, Čedomir, Razmaite, Violeta, Riquet, Juliette, Savić, Radomir, Škrlep, Martin, Usai, Graziano, Ovilo, Cristina, Bovo S., Schiavo G., Ribani A., Utzeri V.J., Taurisano V., Ballan M., Munoz M., Alves E., Araujo J.P., Bozzi R., Charneca R., Di Palma F., Djurkin Kusec I., Etherington G., Fernandez A.I., Garcia F., Garcia-Casco J., Karolyi D., Gallo M., Martins J.M., Mercat M.-J., Nunez Y., Quintanilla R., Radovic C., Razmaite V., Riquet J., Savic R., Skrlep M., Usai G., Zimmer C., Ovilo C., and Fontanesi L.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Population genetics, Swine, MESH: Coronavirus Infections, Sus scrofa, MESH: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, MESH: One Health, Breeding, MESH: INDEL Mutation, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, INDEL Mutation, Receptors, Receptors, Viru, MESH: Animals, MESH: Serine Endopeptidases, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH: High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, MESH: Swine, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Serine Endopeptidases, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Single Nucleotide, Genomics, Virus, Serine Endopeptidase, One Health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Microsomal aminopeptidase, Medicine, Infectious diseases, Receptors, Virus, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Coronavirus Infections, MESH: Whole Genome Sequencing, Human, Agricultural genetics, pig, local breed, whole genome sequencing, coronavirus, Science, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, Population, MESH: Genetics, Population, Context (language use), MESH: Breeding, CD13 Antigens, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Genetics, Population, Humans, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genetic Variation, Genetic variation, MESH: Gene Frequency, Polymorphism, education, Data mining, Gene, CD13 Antigen, Animal breeding, Whole genome sequencing, MESH: Humans, Animal, Coronavirus Infection, Host (biology), Virus receptor, MESH: CD13 Antigens, MESH: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, MESH: Receptors, Virus, MESH: Sus scrofa, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV, Next-generation sequencing, Genetic markers, Serine proteinase
Abstract: 14 Pág. Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Coronaviruses silently circulate in human and animal populations, causing mild to severe diseases. Therefore, livestock are important components of a "One Health" perspective aimed to control these viral infections. However, at present there is no example that considers pig genetic resources in this context. In this study, we investigated the variability of four genes (ACE2, ANPEP and DPP4 encoding for host receptors of the viral spike proteins and TMPRSS2 encoding for a host proteinase) in 23 European (19 autochthonous and three commercial breeds and one wild boar population) and two Asian Sus scrofa populations. A total of 2229 variants were identified in the four candidate genes: 26% of them were not previously described; 29 variants affected the protein sequence and might potentially interact with the infection mechanisms. The results coming from this work are a first step towards a "One Health" perspective that should consider conservation programs of pig genetic resources with twofold objectives: (i) genetic resources could be reservoirs of host gene variability useful to design selection programs to increase resistance to coronaviruses; (ii) the described variability in genes involved in coronavirus infections across many different pig populations might be part of a risk assessment including pig genetic resources., This work has received funding from the University of Bologna RFO 2016-2019 programmes, the Italian MIUR 2017 PigPhenomics project, from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 634476 for the project with acronym TREASURE, from the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Secretariat, project “Application of animal genomics and data mining to predict and monitor novel coronavirus potential infections (VirAnimalOne)”, the EGI call for COVID-19 research projects (AnGen1H project) and from the Por Fesr Emilia-Romagna 2014-2020 (actions 1.1.4 and 1.2.2—Bando per sostenere progetti di ricerca ed innovazione per lo sviluppo di soluzioni finalizzate al contrasto dell’epidemia da COVID-19—Project LIVESTOCK-STOP-COVI). The content of this article reflects only the authors' view and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Published: 2021

45. Genetic relationships between efficiency traits and gut microbiota traits in growing pigs fed a conventional or a high fiber diet

Author: Olivier Zemb, A. Bouquet, Vanille Déru, Laurent Cauquil, Céline Carillier-Jacquin, M.-L. De Almeida, B. Blanchet, Hélène Gilbert, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), France Génétique Porc, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie et Phénotypage des Porcs (UE 3P ), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Axiom through France Genetique Porc, Nucleus through France Genetique Porc, ANR-16-CE20-0003,MICROFEED,Comprendre le rôle du microbiote intestinal pour améliorer l'efficacité et la robustesse de la production porcine(2016), and European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015)
Subjects: pig, Swine, Gut flora, digestive efficiency, Feed conversion ratio, Feces, Animal science, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, feed efficiency, Animals, genetics, gut microbiota, biology, high fiber diet, General Medicine, Heritability, biology.organism_classification, Animal Feed, Diet, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, Composition (visual arts), Alpha diversity, Residual feed intake, Digestion, Food Science
Abstract: In pigs, the gut microbiota composition plays a major role in the process of digestion, but is influenced by many external factors, especially diet. To be used in breeding applications, genotype by diet interactions on microbiota composition have to be quantified, as well as their impact on genetic covariances with feed efficiency (FE) and digestive efficiency (DE) traits. This study aimed at determining the impact of an alternative diet on variance components of microbiota traits (genera and alpha diversity indices) and estimating genetic correlations between microbiota and efficiency traits for pigs fed a conventional (CO) or a high-fiber (HF) diet. Fecal microbes of 812 full-siblings fed a CO diet and 752 pigs fed the HF diet were characterized at 16 weeks of age by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 231 genera were identified. Digestibility coefficients of nitrogen, organic matter, and energy were predicted analyzing the same fecal samples with near infrared spectrometry. Daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, residual feed intake and average daily gain (ADG) were also recorded. The 71 genera present in more than 20% of individuals were retained for genetic analyses. Heritability (h²) of microbiota traits were similar between diets (from null to 0.38 ± 0.12 in the CO diet and to 0.39 ± 0.12 in the HF diet). Only three out of the 24 genera and two alpha diversity indices with significant h² in both diets had genetic correlations across diets significantly different from 0.99 (P 0.05), indicating limited genetic by diet interactions for these traits. When both diets were analyzed jointly, 59 genera had h² significantly different from zero. Based on the genetic correlations between these genera and ADG, FE, and DE traits, three groups of genera could be identified. A group of 29 genera had abundances favorably correlated with DE and FE traits, 14 genera were unfavorably correlated with DE traits, and the last group of 16 genera had abundances with correlations close to zero with production traits. However, genera abundances favorably correlated with DE and FE traits were unfavorably correlated with ADG, and vice versa. Alpha diversity indices had correlation patterns similar to the first group. In the end, genetic by diet interactions on gut microbiota composition of growing pigs were limited in this study. Based on this study, microbiota-based traits could be used as proxies to improve FE and DE in growing pigs.The link between the composition of the gut microbiota, i.e the composition of microorganisms in the gut, in pigs and their feed efficiency, i.e. their ability to utilize nutrients, as well as their ability to digest were studied from a genetic point of view. A family structure of 1,564 pigs were studied and fed with two different diets. One of the full-sib was fed a conventional diet used in breeding farms and the other one an alternative diet containing raw materials, less expensive but with a higher content of dietary fibers more difficult to digest. This study has shown that some microbiota microorganisms were genetically correlated with feed and digestive efficiency performances, positively or negatively, depending on the microorganisms. In addition, the diversity of microorganisms in the animal’s gut was favorably correlated with the feed and digestive performances studied. Therefore, there is a genetic link between these performances and the composition of the animal’s gut microbiota. Thus, a potential genetic selection on some intestinal microorganisms or diversity of microorganisms would allow to improve these performances, and in particular when pigs are fed with diet more difficult to digest.
Published: 2021

46. PPILOW Deliverable 1.3 - Characterisation of reactions of the general public and farming sector to new approaches to organic and low-input pig and poultry production

Author: Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Lähtinen, Katja, Heinola, Katriina, Mikkola, Jarmo, Parrott, Patricia, van Vooren, Laura, Kliphuis, Saskia, Baldinger, Lisa, Thobe, Petra, Zuliani, Anna, Coletta, Monica, Ponzio, Raffaella, Accotto, Caterina, Alibert, Laurent, Roguet, Christine, Delanoue, Elsa, Cozma, Vasile, Spinu, Marina, Warin, Laura, Re, Martina, Herremans, Sophie, Rangel Pedersen, Ninfa, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, BioForum Vlaanderen, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, SIVtro VSF Italia, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Slow Food Biodiversity, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), ITAVI, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The PPILOW project as received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, LUKE, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Published: 2021

47. PPILOW: innovations for improving animal welfare and human well-being in low-input outdoor and organic poultry and pig production systems

Author: Lucia Rocchi, Anne Collin, Giuditta Meloni, Claire Bonnefous, Martina Re, Laura van Vooren, An Jamart, Jarkko Niemi, Minna Väre, Katja Lähtinen, Tuyttens, Frank A. M., Mirjan Thys, Evelien Graat, Charlotte Vanden Hole, Tb (bas) Rodenburg, Saskia Kliphuis, Mona Giersberg, Antoine Roinsard, Olivia Tavares, Brieuc Desaint, Sanna Steenfeldt, Pedersen, Lene J., Engberg, Ricarda M., Isam Almadani Mohamad, Riccardo Carelli, Marlene Sciarretta, Andrea Rosati, Guilloteau, Laurence A., Sophie Réhault-Godbert, Joël Gautron, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval, Sandrine Mignon-Grasteau, Cécile Berri, Alexandre Barbin, Elodie Guettier, Elisabeth Baéza, Pascal Chartrin, Thierry Bordeau, Emilie Raynaud, Nathalie Couroussé, Estelle Cailleau-Audouin, Sabine Crochet, Pauline Bodin, Léa Tourneur, Adrien Guichaoua, Henry van den Brand, Bas Kemp, Cesare Castellini, Maxime Reverchon, Daniel Guemene, Michel Sourdioux, Sophie Brard-Fudulea, Roland Akakpo, Frédérique Renard-Dewinter, Ninfa Rangel Pedersen, Brunsgaard Grete, Rene Schepens, Maria Almind, Stefaan Depraetere, Katia Grenier, David Dubuc, Marie-Véronique Le Lann, Raffaella Ponzio, Marina Mainardi, Caterina Accotto, Monica Coletta, Vanessa Guesdon, Hélène Leruste, Bérangère Billiard, Vitor Hugo Bessa Ferreira, Keith Walley, Patricia Parrott, Shelley Allan, Lisa Baldinger, Helen Pluschke, Elsa Delanoue, Florence Macherez, Warin Laura, Jonathan Hercule, Marion Pertusa, Mathilde Stomp, Angelique Travel, Isabelle Bouvarel, Karine Germain, Laure Ravon, Ludovic Calandreau, Valérie Labas, Armelle Prunier, Elodie Merlot, Céline Tallet, Marie-Hélène Perruchot, Isabelle Louveau, Milgen, Jaap J., Frederic Dessauge, Caroline Clouard, Marie-Christine Meunier-Salaün, Bénédicte Lebret, Lucile Montagne, Justine Faure, Anna Zuliani, Pietro Venezia, Canario, Laurianne L., Stéphane Ferchaud, Vasile Cozma, Marina Spinu, Mihai Horia Bǎieş, Valérie Courboulay, Christine Roguet, Didier Gaudré, Patrick Chevillon, Laurent Alibert, Virginie Decruyenaere, Sophie Herremans, José Wavreille, Pia Vanggaard, Jan Bro Vanggaard, Cristina Micheloni, Petra Thobe, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), BioForum Vlaanderen, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Fermentation Experts, Circular Organics, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Slow Food Biodiversity, JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Harper Adams University, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, ITAVI, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), SIVtro VSF Italia, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale Elevages Porcins Innovants (GenESI), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Vanggaard Staldmontage, The PPILOW project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement N°816172., One Welfare CIC, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

48. Organic pig and poultry production: what are the animal welfare challenges?

Author: Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Parrott, Patricia, Walley, Keith, Re, Martina, Ponzio, Raffaella, Rodenburg, T. Bas, Tallet, Céline, Merlot, Elodie, Montagne, Lucile, Faure, Justine, Guilloteau, Laurence, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Delanoue, Elsa, Alibert, Laurent, Roinsard, Antoine, Warin, Laura, Leterrier, Christine, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Slow Food Biodiversity, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), ITAVI, This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Animal husbandry, Farming Systems
Abstract: International audience; Although organic animal production is based on farming systems that enable a high degree of expression of natural behaviour by the animals, there are still some welfare challenges in such systems. Our study provides a state of the art of practices that could improve animal welfare in organic productions and interviews with key informants have been conducted to identify gaps and opportunities for animal welfare. This study provides a shortlist of practices that could be used to improve animal welfare while taking into account farmer wellbeing and sustainability and so contributing to “One Welfare”.
Published: 2021

49. Interactive demonstration of the functionalities of a welfare self-assessment tool for improving animal welfare on-farm in organic and outdoor systems

Author: Graat, Evelien, Warin, Laura, Thys, Mirjan, Collin, Anne, Giersberg, Mona, Rodenburg, T Bas, Stomp, Mathilde, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Billiard, Bérengère, Courboulay, Valérie, Meunier-Salaün, Marie-Christine, Vanden Hole, Charlotte, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), ITAVI, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Utrecht University [Utrecht], JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N°816172, INRAE, AIAB, SSSA, IFOAM, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

50. The multi-actor PPILOW European project: a participative approach to co-build innovations for welfare improvement in organic pig and poultry farms

Author: Micheloni, Cristina, Jamart, An, Re, Martina, van Vooren, Laura, Niemi, Jarkko, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Rodenburg, Tb (bas), Roinsard, Antoine, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Thobe, Petra, Carelli, Riccardo, Sciarretta, Marlene, Bonnefous, Claire, Bodin, Pauline, Rosati, Andrea, van den Brand, Henry, Rocchi, Lucia, Reverchon, Maxime, Decruyenaere, Virginie, Wavreille, José, Grete, Brunsgaard, Depraetere, Stefaan, Grenier, Katia, Vanggaard, Jan, Ponzio, Raffaella, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Walley, Keith, Cozma, Vasile, Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth, Engberg, Ricarda M., Réhault-Godbert, Sophie, Baldinger, Lisa, Thys, Mirjan, Prunier, Armelle, Merlot, Elodie, Tallet, Céline, Montagne, Lucile, Canario, Laurianne, Delanoue, Elsa, Courboulay, Valérie, Hercule, Jonathan, Leterrier, Christine, Latchoumia, Joselle, Laura, Warin, Collin, Anne, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), BioForum Vlaanderen, Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Circular Organics, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Vanggaard Staldmontage, Slow Food Biodiversity, JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Harper Adams University, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), ITAVI, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE Transfert, The PPILOW project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement N°816172., IFOAM, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

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