1. Mass concentration in rescaled first order integral functionals
- Author
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Monteil, Antonin, Pegon, Paul, Laboratoire Analyse et Mathématiques Appliquées (LAMA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Méthodes numériques pour le problème de Monge-Kantorovich et Applications en sciences sociales (MOKAPLAN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), A. M. acknowledges support by Leverhulme grant RPG-2018-438., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Inria de Paris, Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), and Pegon, Paul
- Subjects
Relaxation ,H-mass ,[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC] ,semicontinuity ,[MATH] Mathematics [math] ,convergence of measures ,Functionals on measures ,Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,integral functionals ,branched transport ,Primary: 28A33, 49J45, 46E35, Secondary: 49Q20, 76T99, 49Q22, 49J10 ,Γ-convergence ,Optimization and Control (math.OC) ,FOS: Mathematics ,concentration-compactness ,[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP] ,[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC] ,[MATH.MATH-AP] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP] ,[MATH]Mathematics [math] ,Mathematics - Optimization and Control ,Cahn-Hilliard fluids ,Analysis of PDEs (math.AP) ,Calculus of variations - Abstract
We consider first order local minimization problems of the form $\min \int_{\mathbb{R}^N}f(u,\nabla u)$ under a mass constraint $\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}u=m\in\mathbb{R}$. We prove that the minimal energy function $H(m)$ is always concave on $(-\infty,0)$ and $(0,+\infty)$, and that relevant rescalings of the energy, depending on a small parameter $\varepsilon$, $\Gamma$-converge in the weak topology of measures towards the $H$-mass, defined for atomic measures $\sum_i m_i\delta_{x_i}$ as $\sum_i H(m_i)$. We also consider space dependent Lagrangians $f(x,u,\nabla u)$, which cover the case of space dependent $H$-masses $\sum_i H(x_i,m_i)$, and also the case of a family of Lagrangians $(f_\varepsilon)_\varepsilon$ converging as $\varepsilon\to 0$. The $\Gamma$-convergence result holds under mild assumptions on $f$, and covers several situations including homogeneous \(H\)-masses in any dimension $N\geq 2$ for exponents above a critical threshold, and all concave $H$-masses in dimension $N=1$. Our result yields in particular the concentration of Cahn-Hilliard fluids into droplets, and is related to the approximation of branched transport by elliptic energies.
- Published
- 2022