201 results on '"Infant malnutrition"'
Search Results
2. DEUX OEUFs: Cracking the Potential of Eggs to Improve Child Growth and Development
- Author
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World Vision, University of Rwanda, and Sarah McKune, Research Associate Professor
- Published
- 2024
3. Supplementing Maternal and Infant Diet With High-energy, Micronutrient Fortified Lipid-based Nutrient Supplements (LNS) (iLiNS-DYAD-M)
- Author
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Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Oulu, Finland, and Per Ashorn, Professor of Paediatrics
- Published
- 2023
4. Mala nutrición en menores de cinco años.
- Author
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Rivera-Dommarco, Juan A., Cuevas-Nasu, Lucía, Bonvecchio-Arenas, Anabelle, Unar-Munguía, Mishel, María Gómez-Acosta, Luz, Muñoz-Espinosa, Alicia, García-Feregrino, Raquel, Antonio Ávila-Arcos, Marco, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán, Ignacio, Ávila-Curiel, Abelardo, Galindo-Gómez, Carlos, and Shamah-Levy, Teresa
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POOR children , *MALNUTRITION in children , *WELL-being , *CITIES & towns , *NUTRITIONAL status - Abstract
Objective. To analyze the trends of malnutrition in children under five years of age in Mexico from 1988 to 2023 and to discuss the possible causes of the observed trends. Materials and methods. Information about nutritional status and sociodemographic variables from 5 987 children under five years of age from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys during the period 2020-2023 was analyzed and compared with the results of previous surveys. Results. The prevalence of underweight, stunting, wasting, and overweight was 3.9%, 13.9%, 1.2%, and 7.7% in 2020-2023. The highest percentages of stunting were observed in indigenous vs. non-indigenous households (27.4%) (p>0.10), with severe food insecurity vs. food security (20.7%) (p=0.079), quintiles of very low vs. high well-being conditions (20.8%), and rural vs. urban areas (16.9%) (p>0.10). Only 37.4% of households with children under five years of age are beneficiaries of one or more social programs. Conclusions. Malnutrition plateaued in 2012 and overweight has increased. The situation of poverty in households with children under five years old, the increase in the complexity of Prospera and the reduction in funding per beneficiary between 2012-2018, and since 2018 the lack of targeted programs and specific transfers to households with children under five years old, and the increase in the absence of basic health services, among others, could explain this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Microbiome and Malnutrition in Pregnancy (MMiP) (MMiP)
- Author
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The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, University of Calgary, Dalhousie University, University of Alberta, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and Dr Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Professor Zulfiqar A Bhutta MBBS, FRCPCH, FAAP, PhD
- Published
- 2023
6. Peer Groups to Improve Infant Feeding Practices and Child Growth in Post-emergency Settlements in Uganda
- Author
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Lutheran World Federation, Makerere University, Nestlé Foundation for the Study of Problems of Nutrition in the World, and Joel Komakech, Principal Investigator
- Published
- 2022
7. A Common Elements-based Intervention to Improve Maternal Psychological Well-being and Mother-infant Interaction
- Author
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World Health Organization, University of Liverpool, and WHO Collaborating Center for mental health research, Institute of Psychiatry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Published
- 2022
8. Effect of a Fortified Balanced Energy-Protein Supplement on Birth Outcome and Child Growth in Houndé District, Burkina Faso. (MISAME-3)
- Author
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Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Burkina Faso, AfricSanté, Burkina Faso, International Food Policy Research Institute, University of California, Davis, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and VakgroepLevensmiddelentechnologieVoedselveiligheidGezondheid, Prof. dr. Patrick Kolsteren
- Published
- 2022
9. District Level Analytical Study of Infant Malnutrition in Madhya Pradesh
- Author
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Vanahalli, Supriya, Biswas, Sarmista, George, Jossy P., Shukla, Samiksha, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Mekhilef, Saad, editor, Shaw, Rabindra Nath, editor, and Siano, Pierluigi, editor
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
10. Quality Evaluation of Complementary Food Produced by Solid-State Fermentation of Fonio, Soybean and Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends.
- Author
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Okoronkwo, Ngozi C., Okoyeuzu, Chigozie F., Eze, Chinwe R., Mbaeyi-Nwaoha, Ifeoma E., and Agbata, Chidinma P.
- Subjects
SWEET potatoes ,SOLID-state fermentation ,SOYBEAN ,BETA carotene ,INFANT development ,INFANT formulas - Abstract
During infancy and early childhood, obtaining the adequate amount of appropriate nutrition has paramount importance for the full development of a child's potential. The focus of this study was to evaluate the complementary food produced by solid-state fermentation of fonio and soybean using Rhizopusoligosporus (2710) and orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) using Lactobacillus planterum (B-41621). Solid-state fermentation (SSF) was carried out by inoculating fonio and soybean with a spore suspension (1 × 10⁶ spores/mL) of Rhizopusoligosporus (2710) and OFSP with a spore suspension (1 × 10⁶ spores/mL) of Lactobacillus plantarium (B-41621). The samples were blended in the following ratios: fonio and soybean 100: 100 (AS), fonio/soybean and OFSP 50: 50(ASO). These were compared with a commercial infant formula, which served as the control (CTRL). Quality characteristics of the samples were evaluated. The results showed that moisture, crude protein, fiber, ash content, beta carotene, iron and titratable acidity ranged from 54.97–56.27, 17.10–19.02%, 7.08–7.60%, 2.09–2.38%, 15.80–17.35 mg/100 g, 6.57–8.41 mg/100 g and 0.16–0.48%, respectively. An increase in fermentation time significantly (p < 0.05) increased these contents. In sensory scores, there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between the average mean scores of the samples. This study shows that nutrient-rich complementary food of acceptable quality can be produced from blends using SSF for the optimum growth and development of infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Promoting and supporting breastfeeding in a protracted emergency setting—Caregivers' and health workers' perceptions from North-East Nigeria
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Nieves Amat Camacho, Abdullahi Chara, Emily Briskin, Umberto Pellecchia, Htet Aung Kyi, Maria Livia de Rubeis, Faisal Hussain, Tasneem Ahmed, Oluwakemi F. Ogundipe, Chiara Burzio, Uba Kamis, Lawan M. Bukar, Johan Von Schreeb, Ourania Kolokotroni, Francesco Della Corte, and Temmy Sunyoto
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breastfeeding support ,infant malnutrition ,humanitarian settings ,breastfeeding ,North-East Nigeria ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundBreastfeeding (BF) should be protected, promoted, and supported for all infants in humanitarian settings. The re-establishment of exclusive BF is also a central part of the management of acutely malnourished infants under 6 months (
- Published
- 2023
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12. Nutrition Education Intervention to Enhance Complementary Feeding Practices Among Infants in Southern Ethiopia
- Author
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Kansas State University, Hawassa University, and Mary Murimi, Professor of Nutrition
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- 2020
13. The Mazira Project: An Evaluation of Eggs During Complementary Feeding in Rural Malawi
- Author
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Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, and University of Maryland, College Park
- Published
- 2020
14. Improving the Nutrition Status of Infants in South-Western Uganda
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Per Ole Iversen, MD, Professor
- Published
- 2019
15. Acceptability of alternative ready-to-use therapeutic foods in acute malnutrition management—a systematic review.
- Author
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Marchini, Mia, Rosi, Alice, Raia, Francesca, Bertolotti, Elena, Scazzina, Francesca, and Carini, Eleonora
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MALNUTRITION , *COMMUNITIES , *SATISFACTION , *LOW-income countries , *MALNUTRITION in children - Abstract
"Commercial" Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTFs) are used in acute malnutrition management, but they are not always appropriate being expensive and unfamiliar. Much research has tried to develop alternative RUTF formulations and this work systematically reviewed eight articles discussing the approaches used to assess the children's sensory satisfaction, families' acceptance, and the cultural appropriateness of 13 alternative RUTFs. Different approaches were used by the authors and much research to standardise methodologies and findings is urgent to ensure that food products are culturally appropriate, acceptable and appreciated, with the final aim of completing the development process of alternative RUTFs. This work proposed some indications to follow in alternative RUTF acceptability evaluation processing. Moreover, community engagement and education resulted key aspects in alternative RUTF acceptance. An innovative, multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder approach could develop alternative "fit-for-the-purpose" RUTFs to help food-insecure communities acquire sufficient, safe, nutritious food in long-term Community Management of Acute Malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Physical capability in a rural birth cohort at the age of 52: association with early environmental, nutritional, and developmental factors
- Author
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Pedro Arroyo, Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar, Verónica Martín-Martín, Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan, Lorena Parra-Rodríguez, Cinthya Cadena-Trejo, Cecilia Salazar-Pérez, and Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo
- Subjects
Developmental origins ,Maternal malnutrition ,Infant malnutrition ,Adult physical capability ,Accelerated ageing ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Midlife physical capability (PC) is associated with developmental factors in the populations of economically developed countries. As far as we know, there is no information for rural populations of low- and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of pre- and postnatal factors on midlife objective measures of PC in a 1966–67 birth cohort from a Mexican rural community. The hypothesis was that adverse developmental conditions are associated with low midlife PC. Methods In 1966–67, a birth cohort of all children from a poor Mexican rural community was assembled. Data on family socioeconomic status (SES), parental health and nutritional status, birth weight, postnatal growth and feeding patterns were registered. In 2018, out of the 336 cohort members, 118 were living in the community, and eighty-two of them underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation. The evaluation included grip strength, gait velocity and chair-stand PC tests. In multivariable linear models, PC tests were the dependent variables, and prenatal, birth and postnatal factors were the independent variables. Adjustment for confounding was made with adult anthropometric, body composition, clinical and ageing status variables. Results Independent of adult health status and other ageing indicators, lower PC was associated with family organization and SES, parental nutritional status, birth weight, infant postnatal growth velocity, and weaning time. These results indicate that adverse family and environmental conditions that are prevalent in poor rural communities are associated with low midlife PC.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Effect of a Complementary Food Supplement on Growth and Morbidity of Ghanaian Infants (TRIUMF)
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University of Ghana, University of Cape Coast, Ajinomoto USA, INC., Ghana Health Services, and Shibani Ghosh, Senior Scientist
- Published
- 2018
18. Quality Evaluation of Complementary Food Produced by Solid-State Fermentation of Fonio, Soybean and Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends
- Author
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Ngozi C. Okoronkwo, Chigozie F. Okoyeuzu, Chinwe R. Eze, Ifeoma E. Mbaeyi-Nwaoha, and Chidinma P. Agbata
- Subjects
complementary food ,solid-state fermentation ,infant malnutrition ,orange-fleshed sweet potato ,fonio ,Fermentation industries. Beverages. Alcohol ,TP500-660 - Abstract
During infancy and early childhood, obtaining the adequate amount of appropriate nutrition has paramount importance for the full development of a child’s potential. The focus of this study was to evaluate the complementary food produced by solid-state fermentation of fonio and soybean using Rhizopusoligosporus (2710) and orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) using Lactobacillus planterum (B-41621). Solid-state fermentation (SSF) was carried out by inoculating fonio and soybean with a spore suspension (1 × 10⁶ spores/mL) of Rhizopusoligosporus (2710) and OFSP with a spore suspension (1 × 10⁶ spores/mL) of Lactobacillus plantarium (B-41621). The samples were blended in the following ratios: fonio and soybean 100: 100 (AS), fonio/soybean and OFSP 50: 50(ASO). These were compared with a commercial infant formula, which served as the control (CTRL). Quality characteristics of the samples were evaluated. The results showed that moisture, crude protein, fiber, ash content, beta carotene, iron and titratable acidity ranged from 54.97–56.27, 17.10–19.02%, 7.08–7.60%, 2.09–2.38%, 15.80–17.35 mg/100 g, 6.57–8.41 mg/100 g and 0.16–0.48%, respectively. An increase in fermentation time significantly (p < 0.05) increased these contents. In sensory scores, there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between the average mean scores of the samples. This study shows that nutrient-rich complementary food of acceptable quality can be produced from blends using SSF for the optimum growth and development of infants.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Physical capability in a rural birth cohort at the age of 52: association with early environmental, nutritional, and developmental factors.
- Author
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Arroyo, Pedro, Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino, Martín-Martín, Verónica, Gomez-Verjan, Juan Carlos, Parra-Rodríguez, Lorena, Cadena-Trejo, Cinthya, Salazar-Pérez, Cecilia, and Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel
- Subjects
COHORT analysis ,RURAL population ,POOR children ,RURAL poor ,MIDDLE age - Abstract
Introduction: Midlife physical capability (PC) is associated with developmental factors in the populations of economically developed countries. As far as we know, there is no information for rural populations of low- and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of pre- and postnatal factors on midlife objective measures of PC in a 1966-67 birth cohort from a Mexican rural community. The hypothesis was that adverse developmental conditions are associated with low midlife PC.Methods: In 1966-67, a birth cohort of all children from a poor Mexican rural community was assembled. Data on family socioeconomic status (SES), parental health and nutritional status, birth weight, postnatal growth and feeding patterns were registered. In 2018, out of the 336 cohort members, 118 were living in the community, and eighty-two of them underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation. The evaluation included grip strength, gait velocity and chair-stand PC tests. In multivariable linear models, PC tests were the dependent variables, and prenatal, birth and postnatal factors were the independent variables. Adjustment for confounding was made with adult anthropometric, body composition, clinical and ageing status variables.Results: Independent of adult health status and other ageing indicators, lower PC was associated with family organization and SES, parental nutritional status, birth weight, infant postnatal growth velocity, and weaning time. These results indicate that adverse family and environmental conditions that are prevalent in poor rural communities are associated with low midlife PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Culture and Eating in the Perinatal Period and Early Childhood
- Author
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Maldonado-Duran, J. Martin, Becerra, Teresa Lartigue, Gomez, Kenia, Maldonado-Duran, J. Martin, editor, Jiménez-Gómez, Andrés, editor, Maldonado-Morales, Maria X., editor, and Lecannelier, Felipe, editor
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Characteristics and treatment outcomes of malnutrition among infants aged less than 6 months in North-East Nigeria (2019-2022).
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Amat Camacho N, Husain F, Bahya-Batinda D, Aung E, Chara A, Tanko M, Ogundipe OF, Barbagallo M, Aung KH, von Schreeb J, Della Corte F, Kolokotroni O, and Sunyoto T
- Abstract
Recommendations for the management of malnutrition among infants aged less than 6 months (<6 m) are based on limited evidence. This study aimed to describe the characteristics, treatment outcomes and outcome-associated factors among malnourished infants <6 m admitted at Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) inpatient and ambulatory therapeutic feeding centres (ITFC and ATFC) in North-East Nigeria, 2019-2022. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the cohorts and logistic regression to measure the association between two selected outcomes-inpatient mortality and defaulting from the ambulatory programme-and possible factors associated. In total, 940 infants <6 m were admitted at ITFC. Most of them presented severe acute malnutrition and comorbidities, with diarrhoea being the most frequent. On discharge, 13.3% (n = 125) of infants were cured, 72.9% (n = 684) stabilized (referred to ATFC), 6.5% (n = 61) left against medical advice and 4.2% (n = 39) died. The median length of hospital stay was 10 days [IQR 7-14]. A hospital stay shorter than 10 days was significantly associated with inpatient mortality (aOR = 12.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.72-42.11, p ≤ 0.01). Among 561 infants followed up at the ATFC, only 2.8% reported comorbidities. On discharge, 80.9% (n = 429) were cured, 16.2% (n = 86) defaulted and 1.1% (n = 6) died. Male sex (aOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.15-3.27, p = 0.01), internally displaced status (aOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05-2.79, p = 0.03) and <-3 WLZ (aOR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.05-3.63, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with programme defaulting. Stabilization and recovery rates among malnourished infants <6 m in the studied project align with acceptable standards in this humanitarian setting. Notable defaulting rates from outpatient care should be further explored., (© 2024 The Author(s). Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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22. Integrating Infant Feeding Counselling With Psychosocial Stimulation to Improve Child Growth and Development in Urban Slum of Bangladesh
- Author
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University of Sydney
- Published
- 2017
23. Vitamin C levels in a Central‐African mother–infant cohort: Does hypovitaminosis C increase the risk of enteric infections?
- Author
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Moya‐Alvarez, Violeta, Koyembi, Jean‐Christophe Junior, Kayé, Laure M., Mbecko, Jean‐Robert, Sanke‐Waîgana, Hugues, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Nyasenu, Yawo Tufa, Mad‐Bondo, Daniel, Kongoma, Jean‐Bertrand, Nakib, Samir, Madec, Yoann, Ulmann, Guillaume, Neveux, Nathalie, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vray, Muriel, and Marteyn, Benoît
- Subjects
- *
FECAL analysis , *GASTROENTERITIS , *REFERENCE values , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *GUT microbiome , *VITAMIN C , *VITAMIN C deficiency , *FECES , *RADIATION doses , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MALNUTRITION , *RESEARCH funding , *VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases) , *CENTRAL Africans (Central African Republic) , *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests , *DISEASE risk factors , *DISEASE complications , *CHILDREN , *PREGNANCY - Abstract
In the MITICA (Mother‐to‐Infant TransmIssion of microbiota in Central‐Africa) study, 48 mothers and their 50 infants were followed from delivery to 6 months between December 2017 and June 2019 in Bangui (Central‐African Republic). Blood tests and stool analyses were performed in mothers at delivery, and their offspring at birth, 11 weeks and 25 weeks. Stool cultures were performed in specific growth media for Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Enerobacter, Vibrio cholerae, Citrobacter and Klebsiella, as well as rotavirus, yeasts and parasitological exams. The median vitamin C levels in mothers at delivery were 15.3 μmol/L (inter‐quartile‐range [IQR] 6.2–27.8 μmol/L). In infants, the median vitamin C levels at birth were 35.2 μmol/L (IQR 16.5–63.9 μmol/L). At 11 and 25 weeks, the median vitamin C levels were 41.5 μmol/L (IQR 18.7–71.6 μmol/L) and 18.2 μmol/L (IQR 2.3–46.6 μmol/L), respectively. Hypovitaminosis C was defined as seric vitamin C levels <28 μmol/L and vitamin C deficiency was defined as vitamin C levels <11 μmol/L according to the WHO definition. In mothers, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis‐C and vitamin C deficiency at delivery was 34/45 (75.6%) and 19/45 (42.2%), respectively. In infants, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis‐C and vitamin C deficiency at 6 months was 18/33 (54.6%) and 11/33 (33.3%), respectively. Vitamin C levels in mothers and infants were correlated at birth (Spearman's rho = 0.5; P value = 0.002), and infants had significantly higher levels of vitamin C (median = 35.2 μmol/L; IQR 16.5–63.9 μmol/L), compared to mothers (median = 15.3 μmol/L; IQR 6.2–27.8 μmol/L; P value <0.001). The offspring of vitamin C‐deficient mothers had significantly lower vitamin C levels at delivery (median = 18.7 μmol/L; IQR 13.3–30.7 μmol/L), compared to the offspring of non‐deficient mothers (median = 62.2 μmol/L; IQR 34.6–89.2 μmol/L; P value <0.001). Infants with hypovitaminosis‐C were at significantly higher risk of having a positive stool culture during the first 6 months of life (adjusted OR = 5.3, 95% CI 1.1; 26.1; P value = 0.038). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Infant malnutrition, clean-water access and government interventions in India: a machine learning approach towards causal inference.
- Author
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Brahma, Dweepobotee and Mukherjee, Debasri
- Subjects
INFANTS ,MACHINE learning ,INTERVENTION (Federal government) ,CAUSAL inference ,MALNUTRITION - Abstract
We use a debiased Machine Learning technique to explore causes behind infant malnutrition for households below-poverty-line in India and examine effectiveness of various government interventions along with other factors. Our analysis reveals that access to clean water is one of the most crucial issues to focus on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Vitamin C levels in a Central‐African mother–infant cohort: Does hypovitaminosis C increase the risk of enteric infections?
- Author
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Violeta Moya‐Alvarez, Jean‐Christophe Junior Koyembi, Laure M. Kayé, Jean‐Robert Mbecko, Hugues Sanke‐Waîgana, Serge Ghislain Djorie, Yawo Tufa Nyasenu, Daniel Mad‐Bondo, Jean‐Bertrand Kongoma, Samir Nakib, Yoann Madec, Guillaume Ulmann, Nathalie Neveux, Philippe J. Sansonetti, Muriel Vray, and Benoît Marteyn
- Subjects
bacterial carriage ,Central‐Africa ,infant malnutrition ,pregnant women ,vitamin C deficiency ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract In the MITICA (Mother‐to‐Infant TransmIssion of microbiota in Central‐Africa) study, 48 mothers and their 50 infants were followed from delivery to 6 months between December 2017 and June 2019 in Bangui (Central‐African Republic). Blood tests and stool analyses were performed in mothers at delivery, and their offspring at birth, 11 weeks and 25 weeks. Stool cultures were performed in specific growth media for Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Enerobacter, Vibrio cholerae, Citrobacter and Klebsiella, as well as rotavirus, yeasts and parasitological exams. The median vitamin C levels in mothers at delivery were 15.3 μmol/L (inter‐quartile‐range [IQR] 6.2–27.8 μmol/L). In infants, the median vitamin C levels at birth were 35.2 μmol/L (IQR 16.5–63.9 μmol/L). At 11 and 25 weeks, the median vitamin C levels were 41.5 μmol/L (IQR 18.7–71.6 μmol/L) and 18.2 μmol/L (IQR 2.3–46.6 μmol/L), respectively. Hypovitaminosis C was defined as seric vitamin C levels
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Impact of Maternal Stress on Infant Stunting
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Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism and Anne Marie Chomat, Postdoctoral Fellow
- Published
- 2016
27. Inpatient and outpatient treatment for acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months; a qualitative study from Senegal
- Author
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Tabitha D. van Immerzeel, Maty D. Camara, Indou Deme Ly, and Rosemarijn J. de Jong
- Subjects
Acute malnutrition ,Young infant feeding ,Infant malnutrition ,Treatment ,Outpatient ,Inpatient ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Treatment of acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months is a relevant topic regarding the global problem of maternal and child malnutrition. While treatment for older age groups has shifted more towards an outpatient, community based approach, young infants are mostly treated in hospital. This study aims to describe barriers and facilitators for outpatient and inpatient treatment of malnourished infants under 6 months in Senegal. Methods This qualitative descriptive study uses in-depth interviews with health workers and focus group discussions with mothers of malnourished infants, conducted from June to September 2015 in two case clinics. In data analysis, Collins’ 3 key factors for a successful nutrition program were used as a theoretical framework: access, quality of care and community engagement. Results Within Collins’ 3 key factors, 9 facilitators and barriers have emerged from the data. Key factor access: Outpatient care was perceived as more accessible than inpatient concerning distance and cost, given that there is a milk supplement available. Trust could be more easily generated in an outpatient setting. Key factor quality of care: The cup and spoon re-lactation technique was efficiently used in outpatient setting, but needed close supervision. Basic medical care could be offered to outpatients provided that referral of complicated cases was adequate. Health education was more intensive with inpatients, but could be done with outpatients. Key factor community engagement: The community appeared to play a key role in treating malnourished young infants because of its influence on health seeking behaviour, peer support and breastfeeding practices. Conclusions Outpatient care does facilitate access, provided that an affordable milk supplement is available. Quality of care can be guaranteed using an appropriate re-lactation technique and a referral system for complications. The community has the potential to be much engaged, though more attention is required for breastfeeding education. In view of the magnitude of the health problem of young infant malnutrition and its strong relationship with breastfeeding practices, an outpatient community-based treatment approach needs to be considered.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Peer Conselling Infant Feeding Education Program
- Author
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University of Sydney
- Published
- 2015
29. Junk food use and neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in infants in low-resource settings.
- Author
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Chiwila MK, Krebs NF, Manasyan A, Chomba E, Mwenechanya M, Mazariegos M, Sami N, Pasha O, Tshefu A, Lokangaka A, Goldenberg RL, Bose CL, Koso-Thomas M, Goco N, Do BT, McClure EM, Hambidge KM, Westcott JE, and Carlo WA
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Female, Male, Pakistan, Guatemala, Zambia, Adult, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Infant, Newborn, Nutritive Value, Child Development, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Developing Countries, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Feeding infants a sub-optimal diet deprives them of critical nutrients for their physical and cognitive development. The objective of this study is to describe the intake of foods of low nutritional value (junk foods) and identify the association with growth and developmental outcomes in infants up to 18 months in low-resource settings., Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from an iron-rich complementary foods (meat versus fortified cereal) randomized clinical trial on nutrition conducted in low-resource settings in four low- and middle-income countries (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, Pakistan, and Zambia). Mothers in both study arms received nutritional messages on the importance of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months with continued breastfeeding up to at least 12 months. This study was designed to identify the socio-demographic predictors of feeding infants' complementary foods of low nutritional value (junk foods) and to assess the associations between prevalence of junk food use with neurodevelopment (assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II) and growth at 18 months., Results: 1,231 infants were enrolled, and 1,062 (86%) completed the study. Junk food feeding was more common in Guatemala, Pakistan, and Zambia than in the Democratic Republic of Congo. 7% of the infants were fed junk foods at 6 months which increased to 70% at 12 months. Non-exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months, higher maternal body mass index, more years of maternal and paternal education, and higher socioeconomic status were associated with feeding junk food. Prevalence of junk foods use was not associated with adverse neurodevelopmental or growth outcomes., Conclusion: The frequency of consumption of junk food was high in these low-resource settings but was not associated with adverse neurodevelopment or growth over the study period., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Chiwila, Krebs, Manasyan, Chomba, Mwenechanya, Mazariegos, Sami, Pasha, Tshefu, Lokangaka, Goldenberg, Bose, Koso-Thomas, Goco, Do, McClure, Hambidge, Westcott and Carlo.)
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- 2024
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30. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Doppler Patterns as Predictor of Feeding Tolerance in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) IntraUterine Growth Restricted (IUGR) and NON IUGR Infants
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Valentina Bozzetti, Dr.
- Published
- 2013
31. Obesidad Infantil: Un problema de pequeños que se está volviendo grande.
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Chacín, Maricarmen, Carrillo, Sandra, Rodríguez, Johel E., Salazar, Juan, Rojas, Joselyn, Añez, Roberto, Angarita, Lissé, Chaparro, Yudy, Martínez, Magda, Anderson, Hazel, Reyna, Nadia, Herazo Beltrán, Yaneth, and Bermúdez, Valmore
- Subjects
BODY composition ,CHILDHOOD obesity ,LOW-income countries ,MALNUTRITION in children ,NUTRITION surveys ,METABOLIC syndrome ,CHILD nutrition ,MALNUTRITION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
32. Inpatient and outpatient treatment for acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months; a qualitative study from Senegal.
- Author
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van Immerzeel, Tabitha D., Camara, Maty D., Deme Ly, Indou, and de Jong, Rosemarijn J.
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL referrals , *INFANTS , *MALNUTRITION , *MOTHER-infant relationship , *QUALITATIVE research , *AGE groups , *PATIENT education , *NUTRITION disorders in infants , *OUTPATIENT medical care , *BREASTFEEDING , *FOCUS groups , *HEALTH education , *HEALTH services accessibility , *HOSPITAL care , *HOSPITAL patients , *INFANT formulas , *MEDICAL quality control , *MEDICAL personnel , *MOTHERS , *ACUTE diseases , *NUTRITIONAL status , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Treatment of acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months is a relevant topic regarding the global problem of maternal and child malnutrition. While treatment for older age groups has shifted more towards an outpatient, community based approach, young infants are mostly treated in hospital. This study aims to describe barriers and facilitators for outpatient and inpatient treatment of malnourished infants under 6 months in Senegal.Methods: This qualitative descriptive study uses in-depth interviews with health workers and focus group discussions with mothers of malnourished infants, conducted from June to September 2015 in two case clinics. In data analysis, Collins' 3 key factors for a successful nutrition program were used as a theoretical framework: access, quality of care and community engagement.Results: Within Collins' 3 key factors, 9 facilitators and barriers have emerged from the data. Key factor access: Outpatient care was perceived as more accessible than inpatient concerning distance and cost, given that there is a milk supplement available. Trust could be more easily generated in an outpatient setting. Key factor quality of care: The cup and spoon re-lactation technique was efficiently used in outpatient setting, but needed close supervision. Basic medical care could be offered to outpatients provided that referral of complicated cases was adequate. Health education was more intensive with inpatients, but could be done with outpatients. Key factor community engagement: The community appeared to play a key role in treating malnourished young infants because of its influence on health seeking behaviour, peer support and breastfeeding practices.Conclusions: Outpatient care does facilitate access, provided that an affordable milk supplement is available. Quality of care can be guaranteed using an appropriate re-lactation technique and a referral system for complications. The community has the potential to be much engaged, though more attention is required for breastfeeding education. In view of the magnitude of the health problem of young infant malnutrition and its strong relationship with breastfeeding practices, an outpatient community-based treatment approach needs to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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33. Factors associated with malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in the Health Care District of Danan, Ivory Coast, January 1 to March 31, 2017: A case control study
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Nicolas Meda, Pauline Kiswendsida Yanogo, Jean Kabor e, and Kouam e Apolinaire N'Guettia
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Under-five ,business.industry ,Public health ,Breastfeeding ,Infant Malnutrition ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Deworming ,Malnutrition ,Environmental health ,Health care ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Child malnutrition is a public health problem in Cote d’Ivoire. The persistence of malnutrition, sometimes looking like an epidemic, seems contradictory in view of the many natural potentialities available in the Health Care District of Danane. The level of rainfall conducive to cereal production is satisfactory; this should normally guarantee minimum food availability. Through this work, we aim to understand the factors associated with malnutrition among children under five in the Health Care District of Danane in order to identify and implement the best prevention and control strategies. Using a case-control study (n =109 cases and n =218 controls), we performed a logistic regression model to identify factors associated with child malnutrition (z-score < -2) at the level of child, households, and of person in charge of the child, in the Health Care District of Danane from January 1st to March 31st, 2017. Odds ratio (OR) of child malnutrition were significantly high in the presence of over one child under 5 in a household (OR=3.05, 95%CI [1.34-6.91]; p ?0.01), of influenza episodes (OR=3.48, 95%CI [2.10-6.80], p ?0.01), of diarrhea (OR=2.56, 95%CI [1.30-5.05]; p ?0.01), and non-drinking water consumption OR=1.37, 95%CI [1.17-2.48]; p ?0.01). The care of the child by his/her biological mother, progressive weaning, exclusive breastfeeding, deworming, age of the person in charge of the child (≥25 years), were significantly protective factors. Promoting family planning, hygiene, and the strengthening of gradual weaning, exclusive breastfeeding and deworming could help reduce child malnutrition in Health Care District of Danane. Key words: Infant malnutrition, odds ratio, logistic regression, case control.
- Published
- 2021
34. "Desatención" institucional de niños con trastorno neurológico y desnutrición en Oaxaca.
- Author
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Herrera Ramírez, Débora and Maya, Alfredo Paulo
- Abstract
This article presents the results of an anthropological investigation carried out in Oaxaca, it consisted in the reconstruction of the trajectories of disease in children with neurological disorder and malnutrition from their mothers narratives and the ethnographic record of the hospital context. The neglect is expressed in different spheres (affective-emotional, economic and institutional) all of which correlate to the nonexistent nutritional recovery and hospital readmission of these children. Understanding institutional neglect is the central piece of this work, and will allow us to comprehend the actions of mothers and health personnel in the context of structural violence, revealed in the form of violations to the rights of children and health professionals in the State of Oaxaca. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
35. Relación entre el estado nutricional y desarrollo motor en niños de 0 a 5 años de la etnia indígena Kankuama.
- Author
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Bustos León, Gina M., Retamal-Matus, Héctor F, Amador Rodero, Eulalia, Ramos Lengua, Shirly, Coronel Chona, Eva, Martínez Fragozo, Viviana, and Albor Barraza, Carolay
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Growth pattern in Ethiopian infants – the impact of exposure to maternal HIV infection in relation to socio-economic factors
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John König Walles, Taye Tolera Balcha, Niclas Winqvist, and Per Björkman
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hiv-eu ,infant malnutrition ,pmtct ,ethiopia ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Infants exposed to maternal HIV infection who remain HIV-uninfected (HIV-exposed/uninfected; HIV-EU) may be at increased risk of growth retardation, which could be due both to directly HIV-related effects and to socio-economic factors overrepresented among HIV-positive women. Objective: To investigate growth development at 9–12 months of age in HIV-EU infants participating in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) care compared to HIV unexposed (HIV-U) infants in relation to socio-economic conditions. Methods: Anthropometric and socio-economic data were collected retrospectively from PMTCT registers (for HIV-EU infants), with HIV-U controls recruited at measles vaccination at public health facilities in Ethiopia. Growth was compared with regard to HIV exposure and socio-economic variables in multivariate regression analysis. Results: The following growth measurements were found for 302 HIV-EU and 358 HIV-U infants at 9–12 months of age, respectively: mean weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) 0.04 and −0.21, p
- Published
- 2017
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37. Condición nutricional de escolares indígenas otomíes en situación de alta marginación
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Juan Manuel Mancilla-Díaz, A. Del-Ángel-Escalona, L.A. Regalado-Ruiz, Rosalía Vázquez-Arévalo, and R.M. Ramos-Rodríguez
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business.industry ,Social environment ,Infant Malnutrition ,Context (language use) ,Overweight ,Anthropometry ,Standard score ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Malnutrition ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Introducción: El panorama de la salud y nutrición de la población mexicana se enmarca en la conjunción de desnutrición crónica infantil, sobre todo en el medio rural e indígena, y el incremento significativo del sobrepeso y obesidad. Esta información proveniente de encuestas arroja resultados generalizados, sin considerar las particularidades del contexto biosociocultural en que viven comunidades indígenas, codeterminante de la condición nutricional de éstas. Objetivo: Estudiar el estatus nutricional de un grupo de escolares de cultura otomí residentes en una comunidad de México en situación de marginación, considerando el contexto biosociocultural en el que viven. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo transversal realizado en una localidad del Estado de México. Muestra por conveniencia constituida por 214 menores, entre 6 y 12 años de edad. Se emplearon técnicas antropométricas internacionalmente aceptadas para recabar la estatura y el peso, y se calculó el IMC. El estatus de nutrición se estimó con base en el peso, la estatura y el IMC para la edad y se compararon con los referentes de la OMS. Resultados: La prevalencia de estatura baja para la edad y la desnutrición es menor, no así el sobrepeso/obesidad que afecta a un tercio de los menores. Solo para el IMC por edad y sexo hubo diferencias en ciertos grupos de edad. Las puntuaciones z de los tres indicadores son semejantes entre niños y niñas. Discusión y Conclusiones: En comparación con los parámetros nacional y estatal, los menores estudiados muestran prevalencia menor de sobrepeso y obesidad asociado a su contexto sociocultural.
- Published
- 2021
38. Promoting and supporting breastfeeding in a protracted emergency setting-Caregivers' and health workers' perceptions from North-East Nigeria.
- Author
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Amat Camacho N, Chara A, Briskin E, Pellecchia U, Kyi HA, de Rubeis ML, Hussain F, Ahmed T, Ogundipe OF, Burzio C, Kamis U, Bukar LM, Von Schreeb J, Kolokotroni O, Della Corte F, and Sunyoto T
- Subjects
- Infant, Female, Humans, Caregivers, Nigeria, Feeding Behavior, Nutritional Status, Breast Feeding, Malnutrition
- Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding (BF) should be protected, promoted, and supported for all infants in humanitarian settings. The re-establishment of exclusive BF is also a central part of the management of acutely malnourished infants under 6 months (<6 m). Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) runs a nutrition project in Maiduguri, a protracted emergency setting in North-East Nigeria. This study aimed to explore caregivers' (CGs) and health workers' (HWs) perceptions of BF practice, promotion, and support among CGs with infants <6 m in this setting., Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions combined with non-participant observations. Participants included CGs of young infants enrolled in MSF nutritional programs or who attended health promotion activities in a displacement camp. MSF HWs were involved at different levels in BF promotion and support. Data were collected involving a local translator and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis directly from audio recordings., Results: Participants described how feeding practices are shaped by family, community, and traditional beliefs. The perception of breastmilk insufficiency was common and led to early supplementary feeding with inexpensive but unsuitable products. Participants often linked insufficient breastmilk production with poor maternal nutrition and stress, in a context shaped by conflict and food insecurity. BF promotion was generally well received but could be improved if tailored to address specific barriers to exclusive BF. Interviewed CGs positively valued BF support received as part of the comprehensive treatment for infant malnutrition. One of the main challenges identified was the length of stay at the facility. Some participants perceived that improvements in BF were at risk of being lost after discharge if CGs lacked an enabling environment for BF., Conclusion: This study corroborates the strong influence of household and contextual factors on the practice, promotion, and support of BF. Despite identified challenges, the provision of BF support contributes to improvements in BF practice and was positively perceived by CGs in the studied setting. Greater attention should be directed toward providing support and follow-up for infants <6 m and their CGs in the community., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Amat Camacho, Chara, Briskin, Pellecchia, Kyi, de Rubeis, Hussain, Ahmed, Ogundipe, Burzio, Kamis, Bukar, Von Schreeb, Kolokotroni, Della Corte and Sunyoto.)
- Published
- 2023
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39. Health information literacy: An effective means of weight gain in infant malnutrition: A pilot study
- Author
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Ajayi, N. A. and Adewale, T. O.
- Published
- 2010
40. Práticas alimentares de crianças desnutridas menores de dois anos de idade Hábitos alimentarios de niños malnutridos menores de dos años de edad Feeding practices for malnourished children under two years old
- Author
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Paula Chuproski, Priscila Antunes Tsupal, Maria Cândida de Carvalho Furtado, and Débora Falleiros de Mello
- Subjects
Lactante ,Alimentación ,Trastornos de la nutrición del lactante ,Madres ,Lactente ,Alimentação ,Transtornos da nutrição do lactente ,Mães ,Infant ,Feeding ,Infant malnutrition ,Mothers ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Analisar práticas alimentares de crianças desnutridas menores de dois anos. Estudo exploratório e descritivo, com análise qualitativa dos dados, realizado a partir de observação participante e entrevistas. Participaram 42 sujeitos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Ao explorar as práticas alimentares dessas crianças, os temas que emergiram foram: quem prepara a alimentação e o que é preparado; como são preparados os alimentos; a rotina alimentar das crianças; onde e como as crianças são servidas. A alimentação era pouco variada; láctea, no café da manhã e lanches, e no almoço com alimentos como arroz, batata, feijão e, às vezes, carnes. Frutas e hortaliças eram escassas, e alimentos industrializados estavam presentes em todos os domicílios. Foi possível apreender o cotidiano das práticas alimentares, suas inadequações, insuficiência de alimentos, higiene precária dos alimentos complementares, influência das avós, ambiente inadequado às refeições e situação de vida das famílias.Analizar los hábitos alimentarios de niños malnutridos menores de dos años. Estudio exploratorio descriptivo cualitativo, con análisis temático de datos, recolectados por observación participante y entrevistas. Participaron 42 sujetos. Los siguientes temas emergieron de indagaciones acerca de los hábitos alimentarios de los niños: quién prepara la alimentación y qué se prepara; cómo se preparan los alimentos; cómo es la rutina alimentaria de los niños; dónde y cómo los niños son servidos. La alimentación era variada poco, con alimentos lácteos en el desayuno y meriendas; y alimentos como arroz, patatas, frijoles y carne a veces para el almuerzo. Frutas y verduras eran escasas y alimentos procesados estaban presentes en todas las casas. Fue posible saber acerca del cotidiano de las prácticas alimentarias, sus inadecuaciones, insuficiencia de alimentos, higiene precaria de alimentos complementarios, influencia de las abuelas, ambiente inadecuado para comidas y situación de vida de las familias.OBJECTIVE: Analyze food practices of unnourished children under two years old. METHOD: Exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study. Data were collected through participant observation and interviews. Participants were 42 subjects. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS: The following themes emerged when addressing the eating habits of those children: Who prepares the food and what is prepared; How foods are prepared; Children's eating routine; Where and how children are served. Food was varied little, with lacteous food at breakfast and snacks, and with food such as rice, potatoes, beans and sometimes meat at lunch. Fruits and vegetables were scarce and processed foods were present in all homes. CONCLUSION: It was possible to learn the daily eating habits, their inadequacies, insufficient food, poor hygiene of complementary food, influence of grandmothers, inappropriate environment for meals and families' living situation.
- Published
- 2012
41. Quality evaluation of sweetpotato-based complementary food
- Author
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G. O. Babarinde, V. F. Abioye, O.D. Oyewole, R.O. Adetola, and S.J. Olatunde
- Subjects
Absorption of water ,Moisture ,Chemistry ,General Engineering ,Infant Malnutrition ,Food science ,Carbohydrate ,Proximate ,Raw material ,Potato starch ,Complementary food - Abstract
Complementary Food (CF) was developed using locally available food raw materials (millet, soybean and sweetpotato) to tackle infant malnutrition especially in rural areas. Four different samples of CF were formulated using different ratios of millet flour (MF), sweet potato flour (SPF), soybean flour (SBF); A (55% MF, 30% SPF and 15%SBF), B (50% MF, 30% SPF and 20%SBF), C (45% MF, 30% SPF and 25%SBF), and D (40% MF, 30% SPF and 30% SBF). Commercial complementary food (Nutribom) was used as control sample. The proximate and functional properties of the formulated CF were determined. The following range of values were obtained for all the complementary samples, moisture (2.98-9.05%), protein (5.06-13.19%), fat (2.50-8.71%), fibre (0.13-2.19%), ash (1.26-2.31%) and carbohydrate (55.6-57.6%). The protein, fat and fibre contents of the complementary food increased while moisture, ash and carbohydrate contents reduced with an increase in the level of SBF. The water absorption capacity, swelling power, and bulk density of the complimentary food samples ranged between 28.00 and 43.67 ml/g; 2.86 and5.22 (g/g) and 0.69and 0.81 g/ml, respectively. The functional properties of the complementary food increased when compared with the control. The complementary food blends that could be regarded as appropriate formulation based on the exhibited quality attributes evaluated was sample B which contained 50, 30 and 20% of MF, SPF and SBF, respectively. This product can serve as an alternative to commercial weaning food to prevent protein-energy malnutrition, which may help in the growth and development of children among the poor populace. Keywords: Complementary foods, functional properties, proximate properties and minerals contents
- Published
- 2020
42. Poverty Trend and Infant Malnutrition in Rwanda
- Author
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Jean de Dieu Harerimana
- Subjects
Poverty ,business.industry ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Infant Malnutrition ,business - Published
- 2020
43. The challenges and coping strategies of exclusive breastfeeding practices among student mothers at a Nigerian university
- Author
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Iyanuoluwa Oreofe Ojo, Oluwatosin Ayomide Aina, Odinaka Benardette Ani, and Patricia O Onianwa
- Subjects
03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,030225 pediatrics ,Breastfeeding ,Face (sociological concept) ,Infant Malnutrition ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,Psychology - Abstract
Background/aims Successful breastfeeding is crucial to combat infant malnutrition and is also paramount for the health of the newborn and the mother. However, student mothers face diverse challenges to exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to identify the challenges and coping strategies of exclusive breastfeeding practices among student mothers at a Nigeria university. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 82 student mothers were recruited. Data were collected through a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire, containing questions on the breastfeeding practices and intentions of the mothers and the challenges encountered and coping strategies used. These data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20. The data were analysed using Chi square tests, at 0.05 level of significance. Results The majority of mothers (93.9%) reported that they gave supplements other than breast milk to their babies, with the frequency ranging from rarely to often. Academic pressure was the most frequently identified challenge of exclusive breastfeeding by the respondents (72%), while 89% of the respondents received support from their husband as a major coping strategy. Conclusions Policies should be made to support and provide enabling environments for students who are also mothers. Nurses and decision makers in the university setting should consider ways to improve the exclusive breastfeeding practice of students.
- Published
- 2020
44. Association of maternal depression and infant nutritional status among women living with HIV in Tanzania.
- Author
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Kaaya, Sylvia, Garcia, Maria E., Li, Nan, Lienert, Jeffrey, Twayigize, William, Spiegelman, Donna, and Smith Fawzi, Mary C.
- Subjects
- *
CONFIDENCE intervals , *MENTAL depression , *HIV infections , *MALNUTRITION in children , *MOTHERS , *RESEARCH funding , *RETROSPECTIVE studies - Abstract
Antenatal and post‐natal depression has demonstrated a significant burden in sub‐Saharan Africa, with rates ranging from 10% to 35%. However, perinatal women living with HIV in Tanzania have reported an even greater prevalence of depression (43–45%). The primary goal of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal depression and infant malnutrition among women living with HIV. The design was a retrospective cohort study within the context of a randomised controlled trial among women living with HIV and their infants. Within this trial, 699 mother–child pairs were analysed for the present study. Although antenatal depression was not associated with infant malnutrition and post‐natal depression was negatively associated [relative risk (RR = 0.80, P = 0.04], cumulative depression demonstrated a positive association with infant wasting (RR = 1.08, P < 0.01) and underweight (RR = 1.03, P < 0.01) after controlling for confounding factors. Variation in the association between depression and infant nutritional status was observed for episodic vs. chronic depression. These findings suggest that providing evidence‐based services for persistent depression among women living with HIV may have an effect on infant malnutrition. In addition, other positive outcomes may be related to infant cognitive development as well as HIV disease prognosis and survival among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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45. Nutrition Education Programs Aimed at African Mothers of Infant Children: A Systematic Review
- Author
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Cristina Jardí, Victoria Arija, and Byron David Casanova
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nutritional Supplementation ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Nutrition Education ,Developing country ,Mothers ,Nutritional Status ,Review ,malnutrition ,Child Nutrition Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,systematic review ,Environmental health ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,stunting ,Infant ,wasting underweight ,nutrition programs ,Infant Malnutrition ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,Malnutrition ,Agriculture ,Child, Preschool ,Africa ,Dietary Supplements ,Medicine ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background: Child malnutrition is a major epidemiological problem in developing countries, especially in African countries. Nutrition education for mothers can alleviate this malnutrition in their young children. The objective of this study was to make a systematic review to assess the effect of intervention programs in nutrition education for African mothers on the nutritional status of their infants. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed database for clinical trials between November 2012 and 2021. The studies should contain educational programs to evaluate the impact on the infant’s nutritional indicators in children under 5 years (food consumption, anthropometry and/or knowledge of nutrition in caretakers). Results: A total of 20 articles were selected, of which 53% evaluated infant’s food consumption, 82% anthropometric measurements and 30% nutritional knowledge. In general, nutritional education programs are accredited with some significant improvements in food and nutrient consumption, knowledge and dietary practices in complementary feeding, but only those studies that implemented strategies in agriculture, educational workshops and supplementation obtained reductions in chronic malnutrition figures. Limitations: There is high heterogeneity in the articles included, since the intervention programs have different approaches. Conclusions: Programs that implemented actions of national agriculture or nutritional supplementation reap the greatest benefits in curbing infant malnutrition.
- Published
- 2021
46. Infant malnutrition treatment in Kenya: Health worker and breastfeeding peer supporter experiences
- Author
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Martha Mwangome, Caroline Jones, Sophie Vusha Chabeda, and Dorothy Oluoch
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RC620-627 ,infant feeding ,breastfeeding ,Breastfeeding ,Mothers ,malnutrition ,Pediatrics ,Peer Group ,RJ1-570 ,03 medical and health sciences ,WHO ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Human resources ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,Health worker ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Infant Malnutrition ,Original Articles ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,Supporter ,medicine.disease ,Kenya ,Infant Nutrition Disorders ,Malnutrition ,Breast Feeding ,Human resource management ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,breastfeeding support ,RG1-991 ,Original Article ,Female ,business - Abstract
Acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months (u6m) is increasingly recognised as a global public health problem. The World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for inpatient nutritional rehabilitation of infants u6m is re‐lactation: the re‐establishment of exclusive breastfeeding. Evidence suggests these guidelines are rarely followed in many low‐income settings. Two studies of infant nutritional rehabilitation undertaken in three public hospitals in coastal Kenya employed breastfeeding peer supporters (BFPSs) to facilitate WHO guideline implementation. To explore the acceptability of the strategy to health workers (HWs) and the BFPSs, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 HWs and five BFPSs in the three study hospitals. The HWs reported that the presence of the BFPSs changed the way infant nutritional rehabilitation was managed, increasing efforts at relactation and decreasing reliance on supplemental milk. BFPSs were said to help address staff shortages and had dedicated time to support and assist the mothers. Key to the success of the BFPSs was the social relationships they were able to establish with the mothers due to the similarity in their experiences and backgrounds. Despite the success of the BFPSs, human resource management and infrastructure challenges remained. BFPSs can successfully be employed to facilitate the implementation of the WHO guidelines for the nutritional rehabilitation of acutely malnourished infants u6m in hospitals in Kenya, establishing supportive social relationships and trust with the mothers of the acutely malnourished infants and helping to address the issue of human resource shortages.
- Published
- 2021
47. Years of Schooling Could Reduce Epigenetic Aging: A Study of a Mexican Cohort
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Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar, José Jaime Martínez-Magaña, Pedro Arroyo, Verónica Martín-Martín, Humberto Nicolini, Cinthya Cadena-Trejo, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo, Cecilia Salazar-Perez, and Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,Social Determinants of Health ,Longevity ,Context (language use) ,QH426-470 ,Article ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Cohort Studies ,Genetics ,Medicine ,Humans ,Learning ,Epigenetics ,Longitudinal Studies ,Mexico ,Genetics (clinical) ,Social influence ,Schools ,epigenetic age ,epigenetics ,Adverse conditions ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant Malnutrition ,Anthropometry ,DNA Methylation ,Middle Aged ,epigenome-wide association study ,years of schooling ,DNA methylation ,Cohort ,Educational Status ,Female ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Adverse conditions in early life, including environmental, biological and social influences, are risk factors for ill-health during aging and the onset of age-related disorders. In this context, the recent field of social epigenetics offers a valuable method for establishing the relationships among them However, current clinical studies on environmental changes and lifespan disorders are limited. In this sense, the Tlaltizapan (Mexico) cohort, who 52 years ago was exposed to infant malnutrition, low income and poor hygiene conditions, represents a vital source for exploring such factors. Therefore, in the present study, 52 years later, we aimed to explore differences in clinical/biochemical/anthropometric and epigenetic (DNA methylation) variables between individuals from such a cohort, in comparison with an urban-raised sample. Interestingly, only cholesterol levels showed significant differences between the cohorts. On the other hand, individuals from the Tlaltizapan cohort with more years of schooling had a lower epigenetic age in the Horvath (p-value = 0.0225) and PhenoAge (p-value = 0.0353) clocks, compared to those with lower-level schooling. Our analysis indicates 12 differentially methylated sites associated with the PI3-Akt signaling pathway and galactose metabolism in individuals with different durations of schooling. In conclusion, our results suggest that longer durations of schooling could promote DNA methylation changes that may reduce epigenetic age, nevertheless, further studies are needed.
- Published
- 2021
48. Pratiques alimentaires des mères et malnutrition infantile dans le district de santé de Pitoa : Etude cas-témoin
- Author
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Landry Bita'a Beyala, Jerome Ateudjieu, Anthony Njimbia Chebe, Andre Izacar Gael Bita, André Pascal Goura, Joliette Azakoh Nguefack, and Benjamin Azike Chukuwchindun
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Public health ,Confounding ,Psychological intervention ,Infant Malnutrition ,Malnutrition in children ,medicine.disease ,Poor Feeding ,Malnutrition ,Environmental health ,medicine ,business ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance - Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is a major public health thread in Africa and Cameroon as well. A study of mothers’ feeding practices and child malnutrition can contribute to identify and optimise interventions to control malnutrition. Methods: This was an analytical case/control study with a simple random sampling.Data sources were a literature review to estimate the prevalence of referred malnutrition of children, a community detection of cases and controls. A total of 386 children were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of referred infant malnutrition was 47.89% (95% CI [45.58, 50.2]). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 to 29 months. Inappropriate feeding practices significantly increased the risk of malnutrition in children with OR = 3.44 [2.05; 5.76] (P˂0.05). After adjustment by the confounding factors we obtained an adjusted OR = 3.19 [2.08; 6.35] (P = 0.0007). The most common inappropriate feeding practices were: food taboos, non-fortified porridge, early or late introduction of supplementary foods. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition remains very high in the health district of Pitoa. Poor feeding practices significantly increase the risk of malnutrition. Efficient interventions would include nutritional education and popularization of rich local foods.
- Published
- 2019
49. Childhood malnutrition and maltreatment are linked with personality disorder symptoms in adulthood: Results from a Barbados lifespan cohort
- Author
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Garrett M. Fitzmaurice, Cyralene P. Bryce, Paul T. Costa, Laura K. Fischer, Michael B. First, Janina R. Galler, and Rebecca S. Hock
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Adult ,Male ,Child abuse ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Poison control ,Barbados ,Personality Disorders ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Injury prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,Personality ,Child Abuse ,Child ,Biological Psychiatry ,media_common ,business.industry ,Adult Survivors of Child Abuse ,Malnutrition ,Personality pathology ,Infant Malnutrition ,medicine.disease ,Personality disorders ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Both childhood malnutrition and maltreatment are associated with mental health problems that can persist into adulthood. Previously we reported that in Barbados, those with a history of infant malnutrition were more likely to report having experienced childhood maltreatment. Few studies, however, address the long-term outcomes of those who have been exposed to both. We assessed the unique and combined associations of a history of early malnutrition and childhood maltreatment with personality pathology in mid-adulthood in participants of the 47-year longitudinal Barbados Nutrition Study. We used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis II Personality Disorders Personality Questionnaire (SCID-II-PQ) and NEO Personality Inventory-Revised derived Five-Factor Model (NEO PI-R FFM) personality disorder (PD) scores to assess personality pathology, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) to assess childhood maltreatment, and clinical documentation of malnutrition in infancy. We tested the associations of malnutrition and maltreatment with PD scores using linear regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for other childhood adversities. We found increased scores for paranoid, schizoid, avoidant, and dependent PDs among those who had been malnourished and increased scores for paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, and avoidant PDs among those with higher childhood maltreatment scores. Overall, those exposed to both adversities had even greater PD scores.
- Published
- 2018
50. Effect of perinatal depression on risk of adverse infant health outcomes in mother-infant dyads in Gondar town: a causal analysis
- Author
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Lillian Mwanri, Abel Fekadu Dadi, Telake Azale, Emma R. Miller, and Richard J. Woodman
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Adult ,Diarrhea ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mothers ,Causal effects ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,Depression, Postpartum ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Humans ,Medicine ,Infant Health ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Cities ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,lcsh:RG1-991 ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Targeted maximum likelihood estimation ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Malnutrition ,Infant ,Social Support ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Respiratory infection ,Infant Malnutrition ,ARI ,medicine.disease ,Causality ,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ,Acute Disease ,Diarrhea, Infantile ,Cohort ,Antenatal depression ,Female ,Ethiopia ,business ,Perinatal Depression ,Research Article ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BackgroundApproximately one-third of pregnant and postnatal women in Ethiopia experience depression posing a substantial health burden for these women and their families. Although associations between postnatal depression and worse infant health have been observed, there have been no studies to date assessing the causal effects of perinatal depression on infant health in Ethiopia. We applied longitudinal data and recently developed causal inference methods that reduce the risk of bias to estimate associations between perinatal depression and infant diarrhea, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), and malnutrition in Gondar Town, Ethiopia.MethodsA cohort of 866 mother-infant dyads were followed from infant birth for 6 months and the cumulative incidence of ARI, diarrhea, and malnutrition were assessed. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess the presence of maternal depression, the Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) guidelines were used to identify infant ARI and diarrhea, and the mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was used to identify infant malnutrition. The risk difference (RD) due to maternal depression for each outcome was estimated using targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), a doubly robust causal inference method used to reduce bias in observational studies.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of diarrhea, ARI and malnutrition during 6-month follow-up was 17.0% (95%CI: 14.5, 19.6), 21.6% (95%CI: 18.89, 24.49), and 14.4% (95%CI: 12.2, 16.9), respectively. There was no association between antenatal depression and ARI (RD = − 1.3%; 95%CI: − 21.0, 18.5), diarrhea (RD = 0.8%; 95%CI: − 9.2, 10.9), or malnutrition (RD = -7.3%; 95%CI: − 22.0, 21.8). Similarly, postnatal depression was not associated with diarrhea (RD = -2.4%; 95%CI: − 9.6, 4.9), ARI (RD = − 3.2%; 95%CI: − 12.4, 5.9), or malnutrition (RD = 0.9%; 95%CI: − 7.6, 9.5).ConclusionThere was no evidence for an association between perinatal depression and the risk of infant diarrhea, ARI, and malnutrition amongst women in Gondar Town. Previous reports suggesting increased risks resulting from maternal depression may be due to unobserved confounding.
- Published
- 2021
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