Search

Fecal incontinence is the involuntary passage or the incapacity to control the release of fecal matter through the anus. It is a condition that significantly impairs quality of life in those that suffer from it, given that it affects body image, self-esteem, and interferes with everyday activities, in turn, favoring social isolation. There are no guidelines or consensus in Mexico on the topic, and so the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología brought together a multidisciplinary group (gastroenterologists, neurogastroenterologists, and surgeons) to carry out the «Mexican consensus on fecal incontinence» and establish useful recommendations for the medical community.The present document presents the formulated recommendations in 35 statements. Fecal incontinence is known to be a frequent entity whose incidence increases as individuals age, but one that is under-recognized. The pathophysiology of incontinence is complex and multifactorial, and in most cases, there is more than one associated risk factor. Even though there is no diagnostic gold standard, the combination of tests that evaluate structure (endoanal ultrasound) and function (anorectal manometry) should be recommended in all cases. Treatment should also be multidisciplinary and general measures and drugs (lidamidine, loperamide) are recommended, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions, such as biofeedback therapy, in selected cases. Likewise, surgical treatment should be offered to selected patients and performed by experts. Resumen: La incontinencia fecal es el paso involuntario o la incapacidad de controlar la descarga de materia fecal a través del ano, siendo una condición que deteriora significativamente la calidad de vida de los sujetos que la padecen, ya que afecta la imagen corporal, la autoestima e interfiere con las actividades cotidianas favoreciendo el aislamiento social. En nuestro país no existe una guía o consenso al respecto, por lo que la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología reunió a un grupo multidisciplinario (gastroenterólogos, neurogastroenterológos y cirujanos), para que realizaran el Consenso mexicano sobre incontinencia fecal y se establecieran recomendaciones de utilidad para la comunidad médica.Las recomendaciones emitidas fueron a través de 35 enunciados que se presentan en este documento. Se reconoce que la incontinencia fecal es una entidad frecuente, y cuya incidencia se incrementa conforme aumenta la edad, sin embargo, es poco reconocida. La fisiopatología de la incontinencia es compleja y multifactorial y en la mayoría de los casos existe más de un factor de riesgo asociado. Respecto al diagnóstico, se considera que, si bien no existe un estándar de oro, la combinación de pruebas que evalúen la estructura (p. ej., ultrasonido endoanal) y la función (manometría anorrectal) se debe de recomendar en todos los casos. El tratamiento debe ser también multidisciplinario, y se recomiendan medidas generales, fármacos (lidamidina, loperamida), y en casos seleccionados intervenciones no farmacológicas como la terapia de biorretroalimentación. De igual manera, el tratamiento quirúrgico debe ofrecerse a los pacientes seleccionados y debe ser brindado por los expertos.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de um programa de reabilitação dos Músculos do Pavimento Pélvico (MPP) para superar a Incontinência Fecal (IF). Metodologia: estudo de caso com uma participante de 64 anos, professora, autónoma, com diagnóstico de IF devido a sequela de cirurgia a prolapso retal. Realizou-se um programa de Treino dos Músculos do Pavimento Pélvico (TMPP), de uma sessão/semana, durante 16 semanas, supervisionado por Biofeedback anorretal. Cada sessão demorou 45 minutos, dos quais 20 minutos para TMPP e o restante para o exame físico, terapia manual, massagem e ensinos/registos da doente: diário de sintomas, supervisão da gestão da alimentação, treino intestinal, técnicas/posturas de defecação e suporte emocional. Na primeira sessão (T0) e na última (T1), foi ainda efetuado a anamnese, Índice de Wexner, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) e Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL). Os resultados evidenciaram ganhos na força dos MPP, que evoluíram de grau 2 para 4 na escala de Oxford modificada; na qualidade de vida (QdV), ausência de perdas fecais, as fezes passaram de consistência tipo 2 para 4 na BSFS. Conclusão: o programa de reabilitação uropélvica, mostrou-se eficaz na reeducação dos MPP e melhorou significativamente a QdV da participante.

Introducción: hay varias razones por las que un paciente puede ser llevado a una colostomía con el objetivo de cerrarla lo antes posible, pero su tratamiento puede variar, y predecir una adecuada continencia posterior al cierre de la colostomía puede ser difícil. Se plantea como objetivo realizar una caracterización de la manometría prequirúrgica debido a que en Colombia hay pocos casos que describan su utilidad. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en pacientes adultos atendidos en dos centros de gastroenterología en Colombia entre el 2018 y el 2020. Resultados: de 316 pacientes, 13 tenían indicación de manometría previo a cierre de colostomía, predominantemente mujeres (69%), con una edad promedio de 51,69 años (desviación estándar: 24,18). Al evaluar las presiones basales del esfínter anal, se evidenció 68% de hipotonía, 16% de hipertonía y 16% de presiones normales. La prueba de contracción voluntaria fue anormal en el 25%, se observó un patrón de disinergia defecatoria en el 30%, todas con patrón tipo III. El reflejo rectoanal inhibitorio estuvo presente en el 92%, con prueba de expulsión de balón anormal en el 100% de los pacientes. Más del 70% de los pacientes persistían con la colostomía in situ después del primer año de su construcción y 30% más allá de 36 meses. Conclusiones: el presente estudio genera cuestionamientos acerca la costo-efectividad de la manometría anorrectal previa al cierre de colostomía, lo cual requiere ser corroborado por estudios con una mayor cantidad de pacientes y diseños metodológicos más robustos.

Introduction. There are multiple tools available to optimize defecation in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM), such as habits, laxatives, and retrograde or anterograde irrigations, which are usually adapted in a progressive and combined fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the incorporation of transanal irrigation (TAI) to constipation and fecal incontinence treatment in patients with ARM. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of ARM patients with indication of TAI according to the colorectal pathology unit's intestinal management protocol from 2015 to 2022 was carried out. Following use for over 3 months, patients or their guardians completed a phone survey of our own approved by the ethics committee. Results. 39 ARM patients participated in the study. Pathologies included 11 rectourethral fistulas, 6 rectovesical fistulas, 16 cloacae, 2 rectovaginal fistulas, 2 perineal fistulas, and 2 vestibular fistulas. 44% of them had a sacral index < 0.4. 62% had constipation, and 38% had incontinence. Thanks to TAI, confidence and safety improved in a very high and a high degree in 89% of the patients, whereas time devoted to intestinal management decreased a lot in 68% of them. 79% reported a 9- and 10-point quality-of-life improvement. 92% rated overall satisfaction with TAI with a score of 8, 9, and 10 -- 10 meaning "completely satisfied." 100% recommend TAI. Conclusion. TAI is a good alternative for the intestinal management of fecal incontinence and constipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterología is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Gastroenterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Motricidade is the property of Silabas Didaticas LDA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú is the property of Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: La incontinencia es un problema de salud frecuente que afecta la calidad de vida de las personas, limitando la autonomía y reduciendo la autoestima. Entre el 36-54% de las personas con incontinencia severa pueden presentar deterioro moderado a extremo en su cotidianidad y confianza. Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción de pacientes adultos con incontinencia urinaria y/o incontinencia fecal severa frente al uso de los pañales desechables. Metodología: Estudio observacional de cohorte, en pacientes afiliados a programas de atención domiciliaria usuarios de tres marcas comerciales de pañales. La percepción se evaluó con el instrumento ICIQ-PadPROM®. Resultados: Participaron I79 pacientes, 68% mujeres con edad promedio 7I,9 años. El dominio de diseño de pañal y efecto físico fue el que presentó mejor calificación, siendo el pañal Content Medical® el mejor calificado, con diferencias significativas principalmente frente al grupo de Rely®; en el ítem de filtraciones del dominio carga del pañal, Content Medical® presenta mejor percepción comparado contra los otros grupos (p

Introdução: o uso de tecnologias para cuidados com dermatite associada à incontinência padroniza ações de enfermagem e fomenta as melhores práticas baseadas em evidências científicas. Objetivo: identificar tecnologias disponíveis na literatura para prevenção, avaliação e monitoramento de dermatite associada à incontinência. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura que teve como pergunta norteadora: quais tecnologias existentes para prevenção, avaliação e monitoramento de dermatite associada à incontinência? A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de maio e junho de 2021, nas bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem. A amostra foi composta por seis artigos na língua inglesa, sem limite de recorte temporal. Resultados: dentre as tecnologias identificadas, forma encontrados três instrumentos que avaliam presença e gravidade da dermatite associada à incontinência: Ghent Global IAD Categorization Tool, Incontinence-Associated Skin Damage Severity Instrument e Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis and its Severity. Além disso, dois averiguam o monitoramento da dermatite associada à incontinência: The Ghent Global IAD Monitoring Tool; Minimum Data Set for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis. Por fim, foi identificado um protocolo de intervenção para prevenção da dermatite associada à incontinência: The Interventional Skin integrity Protocol in a high Risk Environment. Conclusão: ferramentas de prevenção, avaliação e monitoramento de dermatite associada à incontinência contribui para prática clínica, fornece subsídios para um cuidado seguro e embasado em evidências científicas. Essas tecnologias permitem uma assistência sistematizada e eficaz no tratamento dessas condições.

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El procedimiento de apendicostomía continente para la realización de enemas anterógrados ha sido publicado ya hace varios años para el tratamiento de la incontinencia fecal y del estreñimiento de muy difícil manejo. Otra indicación del mismo incluye el estreñimiento severo, en el cual se agotaron las medidas farmacológicas y el único tratamiento efectivo es la realización de enemas. El objetivo principal del procedimiento es ofrecer a los niños y sus familias una alternativa a la hora de realizar los enemas, logrando una mayor adherencia al tratamiento y buscando alcanzar una mejor calidad de vida que permita adecuarse a las actividades con sus pares. Por otra parte permite al niño ir logrando cierta independencia gradual a medida que crezca, preparándolos para el futuro y haciéndolos participes activos de su cuidado. Se describen los primeros casos en donde utilizamos en nuestro medio el abordaje laparoscópico, sus indicaciones, la técnica quirúrgica y los resultados iniciales. Hemos constatado como ventaja principal los beneficios del abordaje mínimamente invasivo, como la exploración completa de la cavidad abdominal, el menor dolor postoperatorio, cicatrices más pequeñas, menor creación de adherencias.

RESUMEN Introducción: La dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia es un importante problema de salud que puede comprometer la salud de quienes la sufren y representa importantes costes para el Sistema de Salud. La Perineal Assessment Tool es el único instrumento diseñado específicamente para evaluar el riesgo de la dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia. Objetivos: realizar la adaptación transcultural y el análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la Perineal Assessment Tool. Método: Se utilizó un diseño de estudio observacional dividido en tres fases. En la primera fase se llevó a cabo un proceso de traducción y adaptación transcultural de la escala. En la segunda fase, se realizó una prueba piloto (n = 15) utilizando un diseño transversal para determinar la viabilidad, la fiabilidad intraobservador e interobservador, y la validez de contenido de la versión española de la escala. Finalmente, en la tercera fase se realizó un estudio transversal utilizando una muestra de 171 pacientes para determinar la prevalencia de dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia y analizar la consistencia interna, la validez de criterio y constructo, la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo y negativo, así como los puntos de corte de la escala. Resultados: En la primera fase, la versión española de la escala Perineal Assessment Tool demostró ser viable, administrable en menos de 3 minutos, fácil de comprender y completar. En la segunda fase, el índice de validez del contenido global de la versión española de la escala Perineal Assessment Tool fue de 0,83; la fiabilidad intraobservador, de 0,98, y la fiabilidad interobservador, de 0,99. En la tercera fase, la versión española de la escala Perineal Assessment Tool mostró una consistencia interna de 0,601 y una correlación significativa con los apartados de humedad de las escalas de valoración de riesgo de úlceras por presión Braden y EMINA. La curva de ROC fue de 0,959 y los mejores valores fueron los presentados en una puntuación de 7, mostrando un valor predictivo positivo del 96,7%, un valor predictivo negativo del 0,6%, una sensibilidad del 74,4%, una especificidad del 99,2% y, finalmente, una validez global del 93,6%. Conclusiones: La versión española de la Perineal Assessment Tool ha demostrado ser un instrumento válido y fiable para la evaluación de la dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia en pacientes institucionalizados en el contexto español.

Purpose: Faecal incontinence (FI) is a frequent condition that can occur due to different causes; with negative impact on self-esteem and quality of life, secondary morbidity, disability and significant costs. For its treatment there is a wide range of options, being medical treatment, hygienic dietary modifications and biofeedback, the first line of treatment; reserving surgery for patients who do not respond or with severe FI; this with variable success rates and high cost. This study has the primary aim to assess the efficacy and describe the Technique of Application of Autologous Fat with Platelet Rich Plasma (AFPRiP) in patients with faecal incontinence as well as secondary endpoints of quality of life, manometric and ultrasound evaluation, safety of implantation, and complications. Methods: A single-centre prospective, experimental study, was conducted from January 2017 to February 2018 in Domingo Luciani Hospital. Wexner and FIQL scores were filled preoperative and compared at follow-up at 3, 6 and 12 months as well as anorectal manometry and endoanal ultrasound were performed before and 6 months after surgery. Results: Twelve patients were operated, mean time 43 min, no major complications. Wexner finding continence improvement from 10.4 pre to 4 in the 3rd month (p = 0.066) 4.74 at the 6th month (p = 0.001) and 5 at one year (p = 0.001); that is, improvement of >50% in 83.4%. FIQL 50.9 prior to 98.6 at 3rd month (p = 0.001) 95.5 to 6th month (p = 0.001) and 91.3 a year (p = 0.066). Conclusions: We conclude that AFPRiP is innovative, safe and with adequate results. Resumo: Objetivo: A incontinência fecal é uma condição frequente que pode ocorrer devido a diferentes causas, com impacto negativo na autoestima e qualidade de vida, morbidade secundária, incapacidade e custos significativos. Existem várias opções para o manejo da incontinência fecal; o tratamento médico, as modificações higiênicas da dieta e o biofeedback, são os de primeira linha. A cirurgia é recomendada apenas para pacientes que não respondem ao tratamento de primeira linha ou aqueles com incontinência fecal grave; as taxas de sucesso são variáveis e o custo do tratamento cirúrgico é elevado. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar a eficácia e descrever a técnica de aplicação de gordura autóloga com plasma rico em plaquetas (AFPRiP) em pacientes com incontinência fecal; o estudo também avaliou parâmetros secundários de qualidade de vida, manométricos e ultrassonográficos, bem como a segurança da implantação e suas complicações. Métodos: Um estudo experimental prospectivo, de centro único, foi realizado de janeiro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 no Hospital Domingo Luciani. A escala de Wexner e o FIQL foram preenchidos no pré-operatório e comparados no seguimento de três, seis e 12 meses; manometria anorretal e ultrassonografia endoanal foram realizadas antes e seis meses após a cirurgia. Resultados: Doze pacientes foram operados; o tempo médio da cirurgia foi de 43 minutos, sem maiores complicações. Na escala de Wexner, observou-se melhora na continência: de 10,4 pré-operatório a 4 no terceiro mês (p = 0,066), 4,74 no sexto mês (p = 0,001) e 5 em um ano (p = 0,001), uma melhoria de 83,4%. Já o FIQL evoluiu de 50,9 no período pré-operatório para 98,6 no terceiro mês (p = 0,001), 95,5 no sexto mês (p = 0,001) e 91,3 em um ano (p = 0,066). Conclusões: A AFPRiP é uma técnica inovadora, segura e que apresenta resultados adequados.

Introduction: Pelvic floor rehabilitation is often indicated as first-line therapy for patients with fecal incontinence. Its short-term effectiveness has been demonstrated in these patients. However, long-term results are controversial. Aim: Our objective is to evaluate long-term functionality and quality of life in patients with fecal incontinence treated with pelvic floor rehabilitation. Materials and Method: Quasiexperimental study conducted at a single tertiary care center. We included patients with fecal incontinence treated by pelvic floor rehabilitation at our center between 2007-2014 who did not require surgery. Wexner functional score and quality of life using FIQLS were measured pre (T1) and post-treatment (T2). Posteriorly, an-e-mail survey was conducted to retrieve scores three to 10 years after treatment (T3). Results: Of the 215 patients, 182 met the inclusion criteria. 96 (52.8%) patients responded at T3 and were therefore included. The median follow-up period was of 4.5 years (3-10). The mean age at the time of the study was 60.8 ± 13.1 years and 88.4% were women. The median Wexner score was 16 (6-20) in T1 and 7 (0-18) in T2, (p = 0.000). Quality of life improved significantly in its four dimensions when comparing T1 and T2. In T3, Wexner and the quality of life scores were significantly lower than T2. However, in T3, both scales had better means than T1, (p = 0.000). There was no association between the follow-up time and the functional result in T3. Conclusions: Patients with fecal incontinence treated by pelvic floor rehabilitation improve their functionality and quality of life significantly. This benefit decreases over time but remains above its baseline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão foi apreciar criticamente a literatura sobre a avaliação da qualidade de vida (QV) e das estratégias de enfrentamento em idosos com incontinência fecal (IF), tendo como referencial o envelhecimento populacional brasileiro e o aumento da incidência de doenças crônicas que comprometem o bem-estar dos idosos. Foi realizada pesquisa nas principais bases de dados e a qualidade metodológica das publicações foi avaliada. A perda involuntária de fezes gera conseqüências físicas, sociais, emocionais e econômicas, sendo mais prevalente em idosos e mulheres. Recentemente, a avaliação de medidas centradas no paciente, incluindo a QV e as estratégias de enfrentamento foram apontadas como fundamentais. A qualidade de vida de idosos com IF pode ser avaliada através de instrumentos genéricos, como o WHOQOL e de instrumentos específicos, como o FIQL e o GIQLI. Alguns estudos têm indicado variáveis que podem se associar a um maior ou menor comprometimento da QV, mas ainda há escassez de trabalhos com idosos incontinentes. Embora já existam instrumentos de avaliação genérica das estratégias de enfrentamento disponíveis para uso no Brasil, nesta revisão, não foram encontradas pesquisas sobre a forma de enfrentamento da IF na população em geral ou entre os idosos. Esta revisão confirma a necessidade de mais estudos sobre como a IF afeta os idosos e como os mesmos lidam com essa disfunção.

During the last decades, advances in surgical techniques, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have significantly increased survival and reduced local recurrence in rectal cancer, avoiding a definitive colostomy. However, this transcendental medical progress has not been accompanied by an improvement in the functional results of patients after sphincter-preserving rectal resection, being the set of defecatory symptoms after rectal resection, known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), a practically inevitable sequel, which is usually associated with sexual or urinary dysfunction, chronic pain, high costs and an important alteration in the quality of life. In this article, we will present a complete and updated review of the clinical and alternative characteristics of LARS treatment, ending with a proposal for multidisciplinary and integral management that highlights the importance of prehabilitation, objective evaluation of symptoms, education and adequate information of the patient and his family, in addition to teamwork in units specialized in pelvic floor rehabilitation, a fundamental requirement when properly managing this pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common solid neonatal tumour. The improvement in survival has meant that postoperative sequelae can be diagnosed and treated. The aim of this article is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients treated in our centre. Material and methods: Records of patients treated for a sacrococcygeal teratoma in our hospital from 1977 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Personal data was collected and a telephone questionnaire was used to assess long-term bowel and urinary habits, as well as an aesthetic and functional self-assessment. Results: A total of 14 patients were treated during the study period, of whom 11 were females and 3 males, with a mean age at the time of the survey of 17 years (8 months to 37 years). Eight patients completed the questionnaire (57.1%). The mean age of the 8 patients was 23 years (4–37 years), of whom 37.5% were operated on due to a sacrococcygeal teratoma type I, 25% type II, 25% type III, and 12.5% type IV. Two of them (25%) had constipation, and one (12.5%) had faecal incontinence. Two (25%) patients suffered from recurrent urinary tract infections, and 3 (37.5%) patients had urinary incontinence. Five patients (62.5%) had a perception of being physically impaired, with limitation of their social life. Conclusions: The incidence of constipation does not differ from that found in the literature. Faecal incontinence is slightly improved compared to what has been published. However, urinary tract infections and incontinence are more prevalent in our series. Five patients out of the eight that responded suffered from psychosocial problems, according to DAS-59 questionnaire. Patients with SCT require urological, bowel, and psychological counselling, until they have a complete functional and emotional development. Resumen: Introducción: El teratoma sacrococcígeo es el tumor neonatal sólido más frecuente. El aumento de la supervivencia de estos pacientes ha permitido diagnosticar y tratar secuelas posquirúrgicas. Evaluamos el resultado funcional y estético a largo plazo de los pacientes intervenidos en nuestro centro. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo de los teratomas sacrococcígeos intervenidos en nuestro hospital desde 1977 hasta 2014. Se recogieron datos personales de los pacientes y se realizó encuesta telefónica sobre hábito intestinal, urinario y autoevaluación estética y social. Resultados: En el período de estudio se intervino a 14 pacientes, 11 mujeres y 3 varones, con una edad mediana en el momento de la encuesta de 17 años (8 meses-37 años). Se encuestó a 8 pacientes (57,1%). La edad mediana de esos 8 pacientes fue de 23 años (4-37 años). El 37,5% se intervino por un teratoma sacrococcígeo tipo i, 25% tipo ii, 25% tipo iii y 12,5% tipo iv. De los pacientes estudiados, 2 (25%) presentan estreñimiento y uno (12,5%) incontinencia fecal. Dos pacientes (25%) presentan infecciones urinarias recurrentes y 3 (37,5%) incontinencia urinaria. Cinco pacientes (62,5%) presentan alterada su percepción física con limitación en su vida social. Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, se ha encontrado un porcentaje similar a la literatura en la incidencia de estreñimiento. La incontinencia fecal está levemente disminuida respecto a series publicadas. Sin embargo, la frecuencia de infecciones y de incontinencia urinarias es mayor en nuestra serie. Cinco pacientes presentan problemas psicosociales según el cuestionario DAS-59. Los pacientes con teratoma sacrococcígeo requieren asesoramiento urológico, digestivo y psicológico, para poder adquirir un completo desarrollo funcional y emocional.

Prevalence of fecal incontinence in the general population is of 8-9%, increasing with age, becoming 15% in those over 70 years of age. In recent studies, modulation of the sacral nerve has been proposed as an effective and minimally invasive therapy for patients with insufficient improvement after conservative therapy. It is effective and safe both in young patients and those over 70 years of age and on various pathologies including pelvic radiation therapy. It has a higher success rate and fewer complications in women than in men. However, to establish generalized recommendations, it is necessary to increase the number of investigations in this field. In this way, healthcare professionals will be able to offer patients the best care based on the latest scientific evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: revisar a produção científica sobre incontinência anal (IA), atualizando o conhecimento de enfermagem sobre o tema. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada em junho/julho de 2018, em bases virtuais de dados e na Revista Estima. Foram selecionados 13 estudos. Resultados: os estudos revisados foram publicados no período de 2006 a 2017, sendo quatro revisões bibliográficas, um estudo prospectivo, dois comparativos descritivos, dois longitudinais, três descritivos e um comparativo. Identificaram-se três categorias analíticas: Tecnologias para o manejo da IA; Principal complicação – dermatite associada à IA; e Complexidade dos cuidados de enfermagem e ações terapêuticas. Conclusões: a enfermagem desempenha importante papel na produção científica desta temática, apesar de ainda incipiente. Os cuidados descritos nos estudos revisados repercutem positivamente na vida da pessoa com IA, na medida em que podem prevenir complicações e trazer melhorias na qualidade de vida. ABSTRACT Objective: to review the scientific production on anal incontinence (AI), and nursing knowledge on the subject to date. Method: this integrative review was conducted in June and July 2018 in virtual databases and the journal Revista Estima. Thirteen studies were selected. Results: the studies reviewed, published from 2006 to 2017, comprised four literature reviews and nine reports on other studies: one prospective, two comparative descriptive, two longitudinal, three descriptive and one comparative. Three analytical categories were identified: Technologies for AI management; Main complication – AI-related dermatitis; and Complexity of nursing care and therapeutic actions. Conclusions: knowledge production by nursing on this subject, although still incipient, plays an important role. The care described in the studies has beneficial effects the lives of people with AI, in that it can prevent complications and improve quality of life. RESUMEN Objetivo: revisar la producción científica sobre incontinencia anal (IA), actualizando los conocimientos de enfermería sobre el tema. Método: revisión integradora, realizada en junio / julio de 2018, en bases de datos virtuales y en el Revista Estima. Se seleccionaron trece estudios. Resultados: los estudios revisados se publicaron de 2006 a 2017, con cuatro revisiones bibliográficas, un estudio prospectivo, dos comparativos descriptivos, dos longitudinales, tres descriptivos y uno comparativo. Se identificaron tres categorías analíticas: Tecnologías para la gestión de la IA; Complicación principal - dermatitis asociada a la IA; y Complejidad del cuidado de enfermería y acciones terapéuticas. Conclusiones: la enfermería desempeña un importante papel en la producción del conocimiento en esta temática, aunque todavía incipiente, visto la captación de sólo 13 artículos, sin recorte temporal. Los cuidados descritos en los estudios son susceptibles de aplicabilidad, repercutiendo positivamente en la vida de la persona con IA en la medida en que pueden prevenir complicaciones y traer mejoras en la calidad de vida.

RESUMO A dermatite associada a incontinência (DAI) e lesão por pressão (LP) é dano que acomete a pele, principalmente de indivíduos hospitalizados em situações críticas. Esses eventos podem ter apresentação clínica semelhante, sendo fundamental que os profissionais de saúde saibam diferenciá-los. Este estudo visa avaliar o conhecimento da equipe de Enfermagem quanto à LP nos estágios 1 e 2 e da DAI em relação ao conceito, identificação, prevenção e tratamento. É pesquisa descritiva exploratória, transversal, com análise quantitativa, realizada com 76 profissionais de Enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados no mês de outubro de 2017 e foi realizada abordagem prévia com os profissionais para informá-los sobre a pesquisa e o questionário. O instrumento foi distribuído aos participantes durante o horário de trabalho, e estes o preencheram e retornaram aos pesquisadores. Foi aplicado questionário com questões sobre definição, avaliação e prevenção e tratamento da DAI e LP. O estudo revelou no teste de conhecimento que, entre as alterações cutâneas de DAI e LP, os acertos foram maiores naquelas questões sobre a DAI. Em relação à categoria avaliação, o índice de acertos foi próximo do médio (56,58%). Na categoria prevenção e tratamento, o maior percentual de acertos foi entre questões que envolviam a importância da capacitação dos profissionais e medidas de cuidados diretos ao paciente. Concluiu-se que, entre as afecções cutâneas DAI e LP nos estágios iniciais, os profissionais demonstraram menos conhecimento sobre a LP.

Faecal incontinence (FI) is a major health problem, both for individuals and for health systems. It is obvious that, for all these reasons, there is widespread concern for healing it or, at least, reducing as far as possible its numerous undesirable effects, in addition to the high costs it entails. There are different criteria for the diagnostic tests to be carried out and the same applies to the most appropriate treatment, among the numerous options that have proliferated in recent years, not always based on rigorous scientific evidence. For this reason, the Spanish Association of Coloproctology (AECP) proposed to draw up a consensus to serve as a guide for all health professionals interested in the problem, aware, however, that the therapeutic decision must be taken on an individual basis: patient characteristics/experience of the care team. For its development it was adopted the Nominal Group Technique methodology. The Levels of Evidence and Grades of Recommendation were established according to the criteria of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. In addition, expert recommendations were added briefly to each of the items analysed., (Copyright © 2023 AEC. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Ciencia, Cuidado e Saude is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anorectal manometry is the most commonly used technique to evaluate anorectal functioning and coordination and detect functional abnormalities of the anal sphincter. In our physiology laboratory we perform approximately 15 high resolution anorectal manometry studies each week. We consider that proper performance and correct interpretation are vitally important. We want to share our high resolution anorectal manometry protocol based on the most relevant literature through this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There is no a clear knowledge concerning the division of any part of the anal sphincter complex and the effect of this procedure on the function of the anal canal during the treatment of perianal fistula. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of 3D anorectal ultrasound in the assessment of anal fistula, quantifying the length of the sphincter muscle to be transected, selecting patients for different approaches and identifying healing, failure or recurrence after the surgical treatment. METHODS: A prospective study included patients with primarily cryptogenic transsphincteric anal fistula assessed by fecal Incontinence score, tri-dimensional anorectal ultrasound and anal manometry before and after surgery. Based on 3D-AUS, patients with ≥50% external sphincter or external sphincter+puborectalis muscle involvement in males and ≥40% external sphincter or external sphincter+puborectalis muscle in females were referred for the ligation of the intersphincteric tract (LIFT) or seton placement and subsequent fistulotomy; and with

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento autorreferido dos enfermeiros em relação a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento da dermatite associada a incontinência (DAI) em idosos hospitalizados e propor a construção de um protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem a partir de fluxograma. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória descritiva, qualitativa, através de entrevista semiestruturada com enfermeiros de unidades de um hospital, no segundo semestre de 2016. Os dados das entrevistas foram analisados mediante análise temática. Resultados: Apresentados em três categorias: Admissão do idoso e prevenção da DAI: A maioria da clientela é idosa, na qual a adoção de medidas de higiene e aplicação de barreira consistem na prevenção; Diagnóstico da DAI no idoso: Desconhecem o estadiamento da DAI; Tratamento da DAI: Inclui dispositivos que evitam o contato das eliminações com a pele existindo dificuldades em diferenciar as categorias da lesão. Conclusão: Ausência de uniformização entre os enfermeiros acerca dos produtos que tratam a pele com DAI. DESCRITORES: Dermatite das Fraldas, Assistência a Idosos, Incontinência fecal, Incontinência urinária.

Presentado en la sesión del 26 de Mayo de 1932

Background and Objectives - The aim of this study was to evaluate the result of posterior myectomy in children with chronic constipation who underwent to this surgery. Methods - Forty eight children with chronic constipation who did not respond to diet, laxative, or enema were included. Children with abnormal barium enema showing transitional zone were excluded. Children with documented metabolic disease diabetes, and hypothyroidism were also excluded. All patients underwent posterior myectomy. Children were followed during 1 year after surgery regarding frequency of fecal evacuation, fecal consistency, straining during defecation, and diameter of feces. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 13.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Results - Of 48 cases that underwent surgery, 21 were male and 27 were female. Age range was 1.5 to 11 years old. Mean duration of constipation before surgery was 22.79±17.08 (range 6-48 months). Mean duration of medical treatment was 14.90±10.31 (range= 6-48 months). Fecal consistency, feces diameter, number of bowel movements and straining during defecation were compared before and after surgery. The results were statistically significant ( P

Introduction: Surgical techniques for complex perianal fistula have high recurrence and fecal incontinence rates. The technique of LIFT (ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract) has achieved lower rates of recurrence with almost no risk of incontinence according to international reports. However, it is not yet consolidated as a standard technique for this pathology. Objective: To present the results (clinical success and incontinence according to the Wexner scale) of our patients with complex perianal fistula operated with the LIFT technique. Materials and Method: Descriptive study of a non-randomized prospective cohort, with patients operated for complex perianal fistula at the Hospital del Salvador, between 2015 and 2017. Results: 22 operated patients are included. In 77%, therapeutic success is obtained in the first surgery and up to 90% with a second surgery. None of this patients modified their preoperative Wexner. Conclusions: In patients with complex perianal fistula, the LIFT technique is an alternative that offers high cure rates with low risk of fecal incontinence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Context Biofeedback has been used successfully in the treatment of fecal incontinence, working mainly on rehabilitation of the sphincter muscle. However, there are few studies presenting objective results of biofeedback, in terms of functional results and those related to the quality of life. Objectives The aims of this study was to evaluate the immediate results of biofeedback in the treatment of fecal incontinence and its impact on the quality of life of patients by using validated questionnaires, correlating the results with those related to functional parameters of quality of life and clinical variables. Methods We analyzed and compared the results of biofeedback in 52 patients with fecal incontinence before the start of the sessions and immediately after the end of them, by applying validated questionnaires assessing the degree of intensity of fecal incontinence (FISI - Fecal Incontinence Severity Index) and evaluation of quality of life related to fecal incontinence (FIQL - Faecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale) as compared to clinical variables (age, onset of symptoms, etiology of the fecal incontinence, number of sessions of biofeedback and number and types of deliveries). Results The evaluation of the results of FISI showed a significant increase in the number of individuals who had low severity scores of symptoms before and after the biofeedback (from 48.1 to 65.4%) with P = 0.004. There was significant improvements in domains of the FIQL, behavior (P = 0.008), depression (P = 0.006) and embarrassment (P = 0.008) after biofeedback. There was no significant correlation between the improvement of functional parameters evaluated by FISI and the improvement of quality of life. Positive correlation was found between the improvements of the domains of FIQL. There was no significant correlation between the results obtained using the FISI and FIQL with clinical variables assessed. Conclusions Biofeedback has proven to be an effective therapy in the treatment of fecal incontinence, improving symptoms and/or quality of life for most patients, regardless of clinical presentation of this functional disorder.

La incontinencia fecal (IF) es un problema complejo que afecta desde 2% de la población general, hasta un 45% de los pacientes de casas de reposo. Entre los factores etiológicos destacan causas traumáticas, neurológicas, congénitas e iatrogénicas, siendo uno de las principales, el trauma obstétrico. Resulta fundamental en el manejo de estos pacientes un enfoque multidisciplinario, no solo por la etiología multifactorial, sino porque suele asociarse a otras alteraciones del piso pelviano como prolapso ginecológico e incontinencia urinaria entre otros. Por estas razones puede resultar en una patología devastadora por sus consecuencias tanto sociales, psicológicas, de calidad de vida y económicas. La evaluación clínica resulta fundamental para orientar tanto el estudio como su manejo en forma integral. Existen múltiples opciones de tratamiento médico y quirúrgicas para el tratamiento de la incontinencia fecal. La rehabilitación pelviperineal es una de las estrategias más exitosas ya sea como tratamiento exclusivo o coadyuvante a la terapia quirúrgica. Dependiendo de la causa, la cirugía tiene indicaciones precisas, con resultados variables. La IF es un problema de difícil manejo; no hay un algoritmo único de estudio ni tratamiento, razón por la cual resulta fundamental el enfoque multidisciplinario en su tratamiento. El objetivo de este artículo es resumir los avances en el conocimiento de los mecanismos que conducen a la IF, como también la nuevas estrategias en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta patología.

Las disfunciones del piso pélvico (DPP) deben ser evaluadas y tratadas en forma multidisciplinaria. El kinesiólogo especialista en piso pelviano es un profesional que tiene un rol bien definido en este equipo de salud. La rehabilitación es considerada como tratamiento de primera línea en el abordaje de un número significativo de DPP. Los inicios del entrenamiento muscular del piso pélvico datan de los años 50, sin embargo desde la década de los 80, el kinesiólogo no solo realiza ejercicios, sino que su enfoque es más amplio incluyendo una serie de técnicas kinésicas y que se denomina reeducación pelviperineal (RPP). Los resultados de los tratamientos de rehabilitación han sido demostrados en distintas disfunciones del piso pelviano, teniendo además un rol fundamental en la prevención. El desarrollo de esta especialidad es nueva en nuestro país, pero ha ido adquiriendo poco a poco más relevancia y credibilidad. El objetivo del siguiente artículo es exponer el enfoque y el aporte del kinesiólogo, no sólo en el tratamiento sino también en la prevención de disfunciones del piso pelviano. Además se desea dar a conocer la indicación y las etapas y método de la reeducación pelviperineal y por último, el desarrollo que ha tenido esta especialidad kinésica en nuestro país.

La disfunción del piso pélvico causa un conjunto de patologías con sintomatología oculta que provoca una reducción de la calidad de vida de pacientes, familiares y cuidadores. Su prevalencia aumenta considerablemente con la edad. Habría una importante asociación entre sarcopenia, fragilidad e incontinencia urinaria y fecal que lleva a un aumento de la mortalidad. Particularmente en los pacientes ancianos y frágiles, el enfoque multidisciplinario e integrado para el diagnóstico y tratamiento, tiene un impacto importante en el cuidado de la salud y en evitar complicaciones. Una cuidadosa anamnesis, examen físico dirigido y el uso juicioso de exámenes de laboratorio llevan, en la mayoría de los casos al diagnóstico e intervención terapéutica adecuada. Muchos pacientes se benefician con intervenciones de dieta, actividad física, conducta y reentrenamiento de la musculatura del piso pélvico.

La incontinencia fecal sigue un siendo un problema cuya incidencia no es despreciable y con una repercusión sociosanitaria importante. No cabe la menor duda que en las últimas décadas este proceso se ha visto beneficiado de la incorporación de nuevos métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos. Cabe destacar la extensión de la ecografía tridimensional como elemento fundamental en el diagnóstico, permitiendo obtener una idea morfológica de los esfínteres, hasta el momento impensable. Por otro lado, en el tratamiento, la utilización de la neuromodulación, ha permitido obtener tasas de curaciones sorprendentes. A pesar de todo lo anterior, se sigue investigando de forma intensa, en un intento de conocer su etiopatogenia, pero a nivel molecular. Se trabaja en tratamientos médicos efectivos y técnicas mínimamente invasivas con nuevas sustancias aumentadoras de volumen. La ingeniería busca la construcción de esfínteres anales artificiales que se toleren bien por el paciente; o la bioingeniería en construirlos a partir de andamios y células madre.