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1. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description.

Author

Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J.-M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J.-A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., and Bernard, S.

Subjects
*LASER-induced breakdown spectroscopy, *MARS (Planet), *OPTICAL spectroscopy, *NEAR infrared spectroscopy
Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

Química analítica, Kimika analitikoa, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger C., Bernardi, Pernelle, Cais, Philippe, Robinson, Scott H., Nelson, T., Gasnault, Olivier, Reess, Jean-Michel, Deleuze, Muriel, Rull, Fernando, Manrique, José Antonio, Abbaki, S., Anderson, Ryan B., Andre, Yves, Angel, S. M., Arana Momoitio, Gorka, Battault, T., Beck, Pierre, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, Olivier, Bonafous, M., Bousquet, Bruno, Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Kepa, Chapron, F., Chide, Baptiste, Clark, Kevin, Clavé, E., Clegg, Sam, Cloutis, Edward, Collin, C., Cordoba, Elizabeth C., Cousin, Agnes, Dameury, J. C., D'Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, Lauren, Dehouck, E., Delapp, Dorothea, De Los Santos, G., Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, Gilles, Dubois, Bruno, Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, Miles, Ervin, Joan, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Forni, Olivie, Fouchet, Thierry, Frydenvang, Jens, Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, Ivair, González, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, John, Hassen Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, Xavier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, Nina, Lapauw, L., Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, L., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, Carey, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Leyrat, C., López Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lucero, Briana, Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, Soren, Madsen, Morten, Mangold, Nicolas, Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martínez Frías, Jesús, Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, Kevin P., McConnochie, Timothy H., McLennan, Scott M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, John M., Mimoun, David, Misra, Anupam, Montagnac, Gilles, Montaron, C., Montmessin, Franck, Moros, J., Mousset, Valerie, Morizet, Y., Murdoch, Naomi, Newell, Raymond T., Newsom, Horton, Tuong, N. N., Ollila, Ann M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, Laurent, Parisot, J., Parot, Yann, Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, C., Pinet, Patrick, Pont, Gabriel, Poulet, Francois, Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, Benjamin, Rambaud, D., Rapin, William, Romano, Philip J., Roucayrol, L., Royer, Clement, Ruellan, M., Sandoval, Benigno, Sautter, Violaine, Schoppers, Marcel J., Schroder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, Shiv K., Sobrón, Pablo, Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, Vishnu, Standarovsky, D., Storms, Steven, Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, Michael J., Torre Fernández, Imanol, Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, Peter, Wong, K. W., Química analítica, Kimika analitikoa, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger C., Bernardi, Pernelle, Cais, Philippe, Robinson, Scott H., Nelson, T., Gasnault, Olivier, Reess, Jean-Michel, Deleuze, Muriel, Rull, Fernando, Manrique, José Antonio, Abbaki, S., Anderson, Ryan B., Andre, Yves, Angel, S. M., Arana Momoitio, Gorka, Battault, T., Beck, Pierre, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, Olivier, Bonafous, M., Bousquet, Bruno, Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Kepa, Chapron, F., Chide, Baptiste, Clark, Kevin, Clavé, E., Clegg, Sam, Cloutis, Edward, Collin, C., Cordoba, Elizabeth C., Cousin, Agnes, Dameury, J. C., D'Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, Lauren, Dehouck, E., Delapp, Dorothea, De Los Santos, G., Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, Gilles, Dubois, Bruno, Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, Miles, Ervin, Joan, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Forni, Olivie, Fouchet, Thierry, Frydenvang, Jens, Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, Ivair, González, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, John, Hassen Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, Xavier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, Nina, Lapauw, L., Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, L., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, Carey, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Leyrat, C., López Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lucero, Briana, Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, Soren, Madsen, Morten, Mangold, Nicolas, Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martínez Frías, Jesús, Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, Kevin P., McConnochie, Timothy H., McLennan, Scott M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, John M., Mimoun, David, Misra, Anupam, Montagnac, Gilles, Montaron, C., Montmessin, Franck, Moros, J., Mousset, Valerie, Morizet, Y., Murdoch, Naomi, Newell, Raymond T., Newsom, Horton, Tuong, N. N., Ollila, Ann M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, Laurent, Parisot, J., Parot, Yann, Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, C., Pinet, Patrick, Pont, Gabriel, Poulet, Francois, Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, Benjamin, Rambaud, D., Rapin, William, Romano, Philip J., Roucayrol, L., Royer, Clement, Ruellan, M., Sandoval, Benigno, Sautter, Violaine, Schoppers, Marcel J., Schroder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, Shiv K., Sobrón, Pablo, Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, Vishnu, Standarovsky, D., Storms, Steven, Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, Michael J., Torre Fernández, Imanol, Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, Peter, and Wong, K. W.

Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.

Published
2021

3. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover:Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J. M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J. A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, O., Bonafous, M., Bousquet, B., Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro, K., Chapron, F., Chide, B., Clark, K., Clavé, E., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Collin, C., Cordoba, E. C., Cousin, A., Dameury, J. C., D’Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, L., Dehouck, E., Delapp, D., De Los Santos, G., Donny, C., Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, M., Ervin, J., Fabre, C., Fau, A., Fischer, W., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, I., Gonzalez, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, J., Hassen-Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, X., Jacquinod, S., Johnson, J. R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N., Lapauw, L., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Le Deit, L., Le Mouélic, S., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, C., Leveille, R., Lewin, E., Leyrat, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Lorenz, R., Lucero, B., Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, S., Madsen, M., Mangold, N., Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martinez-Frias, J., Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, K. P., McConnochie, T., McLennan, S. M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, J. M., Mimoun, D., Misra, A., Montagnac, G., Montaron, C., Montmessin, F., Moros, J., Mousset, V., Morizet, Y., Murdoch, N., Newell, R. T., Newsom, H., Nguyen Tuong, N., Ollila, A. M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, L., Parisot, J., Parot, Y., Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pont, G., Poulet, F., Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, B., Rambaud, D., Rapin, W., Romano, P., Roucayrol, L., Royer, C., Ruellan, M., Sandoval, B. F., Sautter, V., Schoppers, M. J., Schröder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, S. K., Sobron, P., Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, V., Standarovsky, D., Storms, S., Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, M., Torre-Fdez, I., Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, M., Venhaus, D., Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, P., Wong, K. W., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J. M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J. A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, O., Bonafous, M., Bousquet, B., Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro, K., Chapron, F., Chide, B., Clark, K., Clavé, E., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Collin, C., Cordoba, E. C., Cousin, A., Dameury, J. C., D’Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, L., Dehouck, E., Delapp, D., De Los Santos, G., Donny, C., Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, M., Ervin, J., Fabre, C., Fau, A., Fischer, W., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, I., Gonzalez, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, J., Hassen-Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, X., Jacquinod, S., Johnson, J. R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N., Lapauw, L., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Le Deit, L., Le Mouélic, S., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, C., Leveille, R., Lewin, E., Leyrat, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Lorenz, R., Lucero, B., Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, S., Madsen, M., Mangold, N., Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martinez-Frias, J., Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, K. P., McConnochie, T., McLennan, S. M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, J. M., Mimoun, D., Misra, A., Montagnac, G., Montaron, C., Montmessin, F., Moros, J., Mousset, V., Morizet, Y., Murdoch, N., Newell, R. T., Newsom, H., Nguyen Tuong, N., Ollila, A. M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, L., Parisot, J., Parot, Y., Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pont, G., Poulet, F., Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, B., Rambaud, D., Rapin, W., Romano, P., Roucayrol, L., Royer, C., Ruellan, M., Sandoval, B. F., Sautter, V., Schoppers, M. J., Schröder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, S. K., Sobron, P., Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, V., Standarovsky, D., Storms, S., Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, M., Torre-Fdez, I., Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, M., Venhaus, D., Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, P., and Wong, K. W.

Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam’s science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.

Published
2021

4. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

I. Torre-Fdez, V. Gharakanian, E. Cordoba, Jérôme Parisot, R. Perez, Amaury Fau, Peter Willis, Ruth A. Anderson, Pablo Sobron, K. W. Wong, A. Debus, Julien Mekki, Noureddine Melikechi, K. Mathieu, S. Gauffre, M. Toplis, Jesús Martínez-Frías, Alexandre Cadu, Francois Poulet, B. Quertier, Horton E. Newsom, H. Seran, C. Quantin-Nataf, W. D’anna, Jens Frydenvang, Frédéric Chapron, Pierre Beck, Jean-François Mariscal, B. Chide, Y. André, Y. Michel, G. Orttner, N. Toulemont, A. Dufour, Briana Lucero, Olivier Gilard, Marion Bonafous, D. Pheav, Q.-M. Lee, D. Standarovsky, Franck Montmessin, R. Gonzalez, S. Le Mouélic, Cedric Virmontois, L. Roucayrol, I. Gontijo, M. Deleuze, L. Parès, L. Oudda, Y. Micheau, F. Manni, Bruno Dubois, Bruno Bousquet, G. de los Santos, D. M. Delapp, Guillermo Lopez-Reyes, L. Picot, Clément Royer, E. Clave, Richard Leveille, Erwin Dehouck, Gaetan Lacombe, J. Javier Laserna, Olivier Beyssac, P. Romano, Y. Daydou, Scott M. McLennan, John Michel, V. Sridhar, Driss Kouach, Gabriel Pont, M. Dupieux, Michel Gauthier, Jean-Michel Reess, J. Moros, J.-C. Dameury, T. Fouchet, Ann Ollila, Sophie Jacquinod, P. Y. Meslin, M. Egan, Juan Manuel Madariaga, Karim Benzerara, G. Hervet, Gilles Montagnac, Woodward W. Fischer, Olivier Gasnault, T. Nelson, Stanley M. Angel, Lauren DeFlores, Violaine Sautter, Marco Veneranda, C. Leyrat, Olivier Humeau, Y. Morizet, Jose Antonio Manrique, M. Sodki, P. Pilleri, C. Velasco, Naomi Murdoch, M. J. Schoppers, S. A. Storms, Sylvestre Maurice, Benigno Sandoval, Cedric Pilorget, N. Striebig, S. Robinson, V. Mousset, David Mimoun, Morten Madsen, M. Heim, A. Doressoundiram, Christophe Montaron, Eric Lewin, Patrick Pinet, C. Donny, Susanne Schröder, Agnès Cousin, Sadok Abbaki, John P. Grotzinger, Claude Collin, Xavier Jacob, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Cécile Fabre, K. McCabe, C. Legett, J. P. Berthias, Shiv K. Sharma, Timothy H. McConnochie, A. Sournac, Ralph D. Lorenz, M. Viso, Yann Parot, N. Mangold, W. Rapin, Jérémie Lasue, Gorka Arana, Joan Ervin, E. Le Comte, N. Nguyen Tuong, P. Cais, Olivier Forni, D. Rambaud, T. Battault, D. Venhaus, Anupam K. Misra, K. Clark, M. Tatat, Laurent Lapauw, P. Bernardi, Roger C. Wiens, Samuel M. Clegg, Nina Lanza, Sylvain Bernard, Soren N. Madsen, Kepa Castro, M. Boutillier, Raymond Newell, D. Granena, Y. Hello, Fernando Rull, M. Ruellan, R. Mathon, Edward A. Cloutis, Gilles Dromart, L. Le Deit, Rafik Hassen-Khodja, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), US Geological Survey [Flagstaff], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), University of South Carolina [Columbia], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Winnipeg, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), PLANETO - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), University of Massachusetts [Lowell] (UMass Lowell), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique - Angers (LPG-ANGERS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), In­sti­tut für Op­ti­sche Sen­sor­sys­te­me, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), SETI Institute, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Rocks, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Mars, Context (language use), Perseverance, Imaging on Mars, Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, 01 natural sciences, SuperCam Instrument, Unit (housing), Mast (sailing), Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, imaging on Mars, Microphone on Mars, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Rover, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], infrared spectroscopy, Raman, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Infrared spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], M2020, LIBS, Payload, Suite, Mars2020, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Mars Exploration Program, microphone on Mars, Planetary science, SuperCam, Space and Planetary Science, Raman spectroscopy, Systems engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Mars 2020 PERSEVERANCE rover
Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data. In France was provided by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Human resources were provided in part by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and universities. Funding was provided in the US by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Some funding of data analyses at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was provided by laboratory-directed research and development funds.

Published
2021
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