199 results on '"Iliyan Ivanov"'
Search Results
2. Longitudinal tracking of alcohol expectancies and their associations with impulsivity in alcohol naïve youth in the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study
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Faith Adams, Karmiella S. Ferster, Laurel S. Morris, Marc N. Potenza, Iliyan Ivanov, and Muhammad A. Parvaz
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Positive alcohol expectancies ,Negative alcohol expectancies ,Self-reported impulsivity ,Behavioral impulsivity ,ABCD study ,Alcohol-naïve youth ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Positive and negative alcohol expectancies (PAEs and NAEs, respectively) and impulsivity are key risk factors for the onset of alcohol use. While both factors independently contribute to alcohol initiation, the developmental aspects of AEs and their nuanced relationship with impulsivity are not adequately understood. Understanding these relationships is imperative for developing targeted interventions to prevent or delay alcohol use onset in youth. Methods: This study utilized the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development cohort to examine how PAEs and NAEs develop over time and relate to each other. We also explored how self-reported and behavioral impulsivity at baseline (~10 years old) are associated with the longitudinal development of PAEs and NAEs in youth Ages 11, 12, and 13 (n = 7493; 7500; and 6981, respectively), as well as their time-specific relationships. Results: Findings revealed while PAEs increased steadily over all three years, NAEs increased from ages 11–12 and then remained unchanged between 12 and 13. Overall, PAEs and NAEs were inversely related. Moreover, PAEs positively correlated with sensation seeking and lack of premeditation, while NAEs negatively correlated with positive urgency. Interestingly, a time-specific association was observed with PAEs and lack of perseverance, with a stronger correlation to PAEs at Age 11 compared to Age 12. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the divergent developmental trajectory of PAEs and NAEs, and their overall and time-specific associations with impulsivity. These findings may guide focused and time-sensitive prevention and intervention initiatives, aiming to modify AEs and reduce underage drinking.
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- 2024
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3. (±)-R,S-2-Chloro-N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)-2-phenylacetamide
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Diyana Dimitrova, Stanimir Manolov, Dimitar Bojilov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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amide ,7-amino-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one ,(±)-2-chloro-2-phenylacetyl chloride ,in vitro ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis of (±)-2-chloro-N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)-2-phenylacetamide through the reaction of 7-amino-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one with (±)-2-chloro-2-phenylacetyl chloride. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the new compound was evaluated, and the results indicated that it exhibited superior activity compared to the standard, ibuprofen. The bio-functional hybrid compound underwent thorough detailed characterization utilizing 1H and 13C NMR, UV, and mass spectral analysis.
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- 2024
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4. N-(3-chlorophenethyl)-4-nitrobenzamide
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Diyana Dimitrova, Stanimir Manolov, Dimitar Bojilov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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amide ,4-nitrobenzoyl chloride ,2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine ,hybrid molecule ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of N-(3-chlorophenethyl)-4-nitrobenzamide in the reaction between 2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine and 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride. The newly obtained bio-functional hybrid molecule was fully characterized via 1H, 13C NMR, UV, and mass spectral data.
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- 2024
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5. N-(2,2-Diphenylethyl)-4-nitrobenzamide
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Diyana Dimitrova, Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, Dimitar Bojilov, Lyusi Kasamova, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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mechanochemistry ,ball mill ,2,2-diphenylethan-1-amine ,4-nitrobenzoyl chloride ,amide ,hybrid molecule ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
In this study, we outline the eco-friendly mechanosynthesis of N-(2,2-diphenylethyl)-4-nitrobenzamide by reacting 2,2-diphenylethan-1-amine with 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride. The resulting bio-functional hybrid compound was meticulously characterized through the analysis of 1H-, 13C-NMR, UV, and detailed mass spectral analysis.
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- 2024
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6. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, Dimitar Bojilov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin ,(±)-flurbiprofen ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of 2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)propanamide in the reaction between 7-amino-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one and (±)-flurbiprofen. The newly-obtained bio-functional hybrid compound was fully characterized via 1H, 13C NMR, UV, and mass spectral data.
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- 2023
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7. (±)-N-(1,2-Bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Dimitar Bojilov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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1,2-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-amine ,(±)-flurbiprofen ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
The title compound, (±)-N-(1,2-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide, was obtained for the first time from 1,2-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethan-1-amine and (±)-flurbiprofen in one step. The newly synthesized bio-functional hybrid compound was fully characterized using 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, and mass spectral data.
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- 2023
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8. Novel Flurbiprofen Derivatives as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Synthesis, In Silico, and In Vitro Biological Evaluation
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Iliyan Ivanov, Stanimir Manolov, Dimitar Bojilov, Gabriel Marc, Diyana Dimitrova, Smaranda Oniga, Ovidiu Oniga, Paraskev Nedialkov, and Maria Stoyanova
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flurbiprofen ,2-phenethylamines ,amides ,synthesis ,in vitro ,in silico ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
In this study, we present the synthesis of five novel compounds by combining flurbiprofen with various substituted 2-phenethylamines. The synthesized derivatives underwent comprehensive characterization using techniques such as 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Detailed HRMS analysis was performed for each of these newly created molecules. The biological activities of these compounds were assessed through in vitro experiments to evaluate their potential as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Furthermore, the lipophilicity of these derivatives was determined, both theoretically using the cLogP method and experimentally through partition coefficient (RM) measurements. To gain insights into their binding affinity, we conducted an in silico analysis of the compounds’ interactions with human serum albumin (HSA) using molecular docking studies. Our findings reveal that all of the newly synthesized compounds exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, with results statistically comparable to the reference compounds. Molecular docking studies further explain the observed in vitro results, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind their biological activities. Using in silico method, toxicity was calculated, resulting in LD50 values. Depending on the administration route, the novel flurbiprofen derivatives show lower toxicity compared to the standard flurbiprofen.
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- 2024
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9. (±)-N-(3-Chlorophenethyl)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, Dimitar Bojilov, and Gabriela Nikolova
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naproxen ,amide ,2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of (±)-N-(3-chlorophenethyl)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanamide in the reaction between 2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine and (±)-naproxen. The newly obtained bio-functional hybrid molecule was fully characterized via 1H, 13C NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2023
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10. HPLC Analysis and In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Polyphenolic Components Separated with Solvents of Various Polarities from Helichrysum italicum
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Dimitar Bojilov, Stanimir Manolov, Sezan Ahmed, Soleya Dagnon, Iliyan Ivanov, Gabriel Marc, Smaranda Oniga, Ovidiu Oniga, Paraskev Nedialkov, and Silviya Mollova
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Helichrysum italicum ,HPSA ,HRSA ,MChA ,NOSA ,IAD ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Helichrysum italicum has piqued the interest of many researchers in recent years, mostly for its essential oil, but increasingly for its polyphenolic content as well. In the current study, we examine the polyphenolic composition of H. italicum grown in Bulgaria. The polyphenolic complex was fractionated with solvents of various polarities, including hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol, in order to assess the biological impact of the components. HPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS/MS were used to examine all fractions. The green coffee fingerprint profile was employed as a “surrogate standard” in the polyphenolic components detection approach. From the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, we identified 60 components of the polyphenolic complex such as quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin acetyl-glycoside, isorhamnetin acetyl-glycoside, isorhamnetin caffeoyl-glycoside, quercetin caffeoyl-malonyl-glycoside, isorhamnetin coumaroyl-glycoside, coumaroyl-caffeoylquinic acid, and diCQA-acetyl-derivative were first reported in the composition of H. italicum. The biological activity of the fractions was evaluated in vitro and in silico, which included the fight against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA), metal-chelating activity (MChA)) and nitrosative (nitric oxide scavenging activity) (NOSA)), in vitro anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activity. Results are presented as IC50 ± SD μg/mL. The analysis showed that the EtOAc fraction was characterized by highest HPSA (57.12 ± 1.14 μg/mL), HRSA (92.23 ± 1.10 μg/mL), MChA (5.60 ± 0.17 μg/mL), and NOSA (89.81 ± 2.09 μg/mL), while the hexane and chloroform fractions showed significantly higher in vitro anti-inflammatory activity (30.48 ± 2.33 μg/mL, 62.50 ± 1.69 μg/mL) compared to the standard ibuprofen. All three fractions showed potential anti-arthritic activity (102.93 ± 8.62 μg/mL, 108.92 ± 4.42 μg/mL, 84.19 ± 3.89 μg/mL).
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- 2023
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11. N-(3-Chlorophenethyl)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, Dimitar Bojilov, and Yolina Kalinova
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amide ,ibuprofen ,2-phenylethylamine ,chlorine ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
N-(3-chlorophenethyl)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanamide was synthesized for the first time in the reaction between 2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-amine and 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoyl chloride with high yield. The newly obtained chlorine-containing ibuprofen derivative was fully analyzed and characterized using 1H-, 13C-NMR, UV, and mass spectral data.
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- 2022
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12. Characterization of Polyphenols from Chenopodium botrys after Fractionation with Different Solvents and Study of Their In Vitro Biological Activity
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Dimitar Bojilov, Stanimir Manolov, Angelika Nacheva, Soleya Dagnon, and Iliyan Ivanov
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Chenopodium botrys ,in vitro biological activity ,HPSA ,HRSA ,NOSA ,IAD ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
In the present work, we have investigated the polyphenolic composition of Chenopodium botrys from Bulgaria. The polyphenols were fractionated with solvents of varying polarity (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The fractions were analyzed by HPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS. The ethyl acetate fraction contained mono- and di-glycosides of quercetin, di-glycosides of kaempferol, and isorhamnetin and monoglycosides of hispidulin and jaceosidine. We found quercetin triglycosides in the butanol fraction. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions contained 168.82 mg/g Extr and 67.21 mg/g Extr of quercetin glycosides, respectively. The main components of the polyphenolic complex in C. botrys were 6-methoxyflavones (355.47 mg/g Extr), which were found in the chloroform fraction. The flavonoids pectolinarigenin, demethylnobiletin, and isosinensetin, and the glycosides of quercetin (triglycosides, acylglycosides), kaempferol, isorhamnetin, hispidiulin, and jaceosidine, were discovered and reported in Chenopodium botrys for the first time. We used in vitro methods to assess the biological activity against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA)), nitrosative stress (nitric oxide scavenging activity (NOSA)), anti-inflammatory activity (IAD inhibition), and anti-tryptic activity (ATA). Quercetin mono- and di-glycosides exhibited greater HPSA and HRSA (IC50 = 39.18, 105.03 µg/mL), while 6-methoxyflavones had a greater NOSA (IC50 = 146.59 µg/mL). The same components showed the highest ATA (IC50 ranging from 116.23 to 202.44 µg/mL).
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- 2023
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13. Synthesis of New 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline Hybrid of Ibuprofen and Its Biological Evaluation
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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quinoline ,ibuprofen ,hybrid molecule ,in silico ,in vitro ,antioxidant ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
Herein we report the obtaining of 1-(3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)-2- (4-isobutylphenyl)propan-1-one and its characterization. The newly obtained hybrid and its derivatives (hybrids of ibuprofen with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, and piperidine) were screened for their in vitro antioxidant, antitryptic, and inhibition of albumin denaturation activity. The lipophilicity was established using both reversed-phase thin layer chromatography and in silico calculations.
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- 2022
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14. (±)-2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1-phenylpropan-2-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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amphetamine ,flurbiprofen ,DCC ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1-phenylpropan-2-yl)propanamide was synthesized by a reaction between amphetamine and flurbiprofen in high yields. The newly obtained hybrid molecule was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C, UV, IR, HPLC, and mass spectral data.
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- 2022
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15. Synthesis, In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and HRMS Analysis of New Amphetamine Derivatives
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, Dimitar Bojilov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
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amphetamine ,ibuprofen ,flurbiprofen ,ketoprofen ,naproxen ,carprofen ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Herein, we report the obtaining of new hybrid molecules of amphetamine with different profens (amfens). The obtained amfens are characterized by their melting points, UV, 1H–, 13C–NMR, and HRMS spectra. A complete and detailed mass spectral analysis of the newly obtained derivatives of amphetamine with ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, and carprofen was performed. In vitro inhibition of albumin denaturation of each new compound was assessed, and they showed significant activity. The IC50 values of the obtained amphetamine-profen derivatives ranged from 92.81 to 159.87 µg/mL. This indicates that the new hybrids inherit the anti-inflammatory properties of profens. Using in silico method, the toxicity was also calculated. The obtained results are given in LD50 values. Depending on the route of administration, the amfens are less toxic compared to the standard amphetamine.
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- 2022
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16. A Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies of Youth Cannabis Use: Alterations in Executive Control, Social Cognition/Emotion Processing, and Reward Processing in Cannabis Using Youth
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Christopher J. Hammond, Aliyah Allick, Grace Park, Bushra Rizwan, Kwon Kim, Rachael Lebo, Julie Nanavati, Muhammad A. Parvaz, and Iliyan Ivanov
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adolescence ,cannabis use ,executive control ,emotion processing ,reward processing ,brain activation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: Adolescent cannabis use (CU) is associated with adverse health outcomes and may be increasing in response to changing cannabis laws. Recent imaging studies have identified differences in brain activity between adult CU and controls that are more prominent in early onset users. Whether these differences are present in adolescent CU and relate to age/developmental stage, sex, or cannabis exposure is unknown. Methods: A systematic review and subsequent effect-size seed-based d mapping (SDM) meta-analysis were conducted to examine differences in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) response during fMRI studies between CU and non-using typically developing (TD) youth. Supplemental analyses investigated differences in BOLD signal in CU and TD youth as a function of sex, psychiatric comorbidity, and the dose and severity of cannabis exposure. Results: From 1371 citations, 45 fMRI studies were identified for inclusion in the SDM meta-analysis. These studies compared BOLD response contrasts in 1216 CU and 1486 non-using TD participants. In primary meta-analyses stratified by cognitive paradigms, CU (compared to TD) youth showed greater activation in the rostral medial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC) and decreased activation in the dorsal mPFC (dmPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during executive control and social cognition/emotion processing, respectively. In meta-regression analyses and subgroup meta-analyses, sex, cannabis use disorder (CUD) severity, and psychiatric comorbidity were correlated with brain activation differences between CU and TD youth in mPFC and insular cortical regions. Activation differences in the caudate, thalamus, insula, dmPFC/dACC, and precentral and postcentral gyri varied as a function of the length of abstinence. Conclusions: Using an SDM meta-analytic approach, this report identified differences in neuronal response between CU and TD youth during executive control, emotion processing, and reward processing in cortical and subcortical brain regions that varied as a function of sex, CUD severity, psychiatric comorbidity, and length of abstinence. Whether aberrant brain function in CU youth is attributable to common predispositional factors, cannabis-induced neuroadaptive changes, or both warrants further investigation.
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- 2022
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17. N-(2,2-Diphenylethyl)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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2,2-diphenylethylamine ,naproxen ,DCC ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
N-(2,2-Diphenylethyl)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanamide was prepared by a reaction between 2,2-diphenylethan-1-amine and naproxen in high yield. The newly obtained naproxen derivative was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2021
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18. N-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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benzo[d]thiazol-2-amine ,flurbiprofen ,DCC ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
N-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide was prepared by a reaction between benzo[d]thiazol-2-amine and flurbiprofen in high yield. The newly obtained flurbiprofen derivative was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2021
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19. Why Psychotropic Drugs Don't Cure Mental Illness—But Should They?
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Iliyan Ivanov and Jeffrey M. Schwartz
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psychotropic ,consciousness ,computational modeling ,neuroscience ,psychopathology ,bio-psycho-social ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
While pharmacological treatments for psychiatric disorders have offered great promise and have provided clinically meaningful symptom relief these treatments have had less effect on altering the course of these disorders. Research has provided many new insights about the effects of different psychotropic agents on the functions of various brain systems as investigators have embraced the “translational research model.” However, this theoretical approach of deconstructing complex behaviors into smaller measurable behavioral units and targeting brain systems that are hypothesized to underlie these discrete behaviors has offered little of practical clinical relevance to significantly improve the treatment of psychiatric disorders in this century. Radical new treatments have not emerged, and available treatments continue to provide symptom relief without resolution of the underlying conditions. Recent publications on the subject have attempted to identify the barriers to progress and have pointed out some of the limitations of the translational approach. It is our position that, given the present limitations of our therapeutic arsenal, both researchers and clinicians would be well-advised to pay closer attention to human specific factors such as the role of language, the creation of personal narratives, and how factors such as these interface with underlying biological diatheses in mental illness. These interactions between pathophysiology and intrapersonal processes may be critical to both the in vivo expression of the underlying biological mechanisms of psychiatric disease states, and to the development of enhancements in therapeutic efficacy. Lastly, we discuss the implications of more coherently integrating neuroscientific research and clinical practice for more effectively addressing the challenges of understanding and treating mental illness.
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- 2021
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20. N-(2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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amide ,naproxen ,SARS-CoV-2 ,tryptamine ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
The title compound was obtained in high yield in the reaction between tryptamine and naproxen. The newly synthesized naproxen derivative was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2021
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21. N-(2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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amide ,flurbiprofen ,SARS-CoV-2 ,tryptamine ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
N-(2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(2-fluoro-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanamide was prepared by a reaction between tryptamine and flurbiprofen, applying N,N’-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, as a coupling agent. The obtained new amide has a fragment similar to Brequinar, a compound used in SARS-CoV-2 treatment trials. The newly synthesized compound was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2020
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22. N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Dimitar Bojilov
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amide ,carprofen ,tryptamine ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
The titular compound was prepared by a reaction between tryptamine and carprofen, applying, as a “dehydrating” reagent, N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The newly synthesized compound was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2020
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23. Social Isolation-Mediated Exacerbation of Negative Affect in Young Drinkers during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Gopi K. Neppala, Isabel Terkuhle, Ariella Wagner, Lauren Lepow, Riaz B. Shaik, Rachel Freed, David Kimhy, Robert H. Pietrzak, Eva Velthorst, Adriana Feder, Iliyan Ivanov, and Muhammad A. Parvaz
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COVID-19 ,adolescents ,alcohol use ,stress ,affect ,resilience ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Emerging research on psychological adjustment during the COVID-19 outbreak has suggested that young people may be particularly vulnerable to increases in negative affect during the pandemic. However, the association between alcohol use in youth and change in negative affect during this unprecedented time is not clear. Using an online survey, this study obtained scores on negative affect (before and during the COVID-19 pandemic), pandemic-related stress, change in drinking frequency, and traits including resilience, impulsivity and anhedonia, from a sample of drinkers and non-drinkers, up to the age of 21. Young drinkers experienced a greater increase in negative affect during the pandemic compared to non-drinkers, and this differential rise in negative affect was mediated by the pandemic-related stress of social isolation. Young drinkers also experienced a decrease in alcohol use during the pandemic, but this was not associated with a change in negative affect. Interestingly, young drinkers with greater resilience and lower anhedonia reported less increase in negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic. Taken together, these results show that the greater increase in negative affect that young drinkers experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to their non-drinking counterparts, was mediated by pandemic-related social isolation. Moreover, greater resilience and lower anhedonia may have served as protective factors for mitigating the social isolation-induced worsening of negative affect in young drinkers during the pandemic. These findings may inform future studies investigating potential indicators of maladaptive affective responses to public health crises in vulnerable adolescent populations.
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- 2022
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24. Effects of Stimulant Treatment on Changes in Brain Activation during Reward Notifications in Drug Naïve Youth with ADHD
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Iliyan Ivanov, Beth Krone, Kurt Schulz, Riaz B. Shaik, Muhammad A. Parvaz, and Jeffrey H. Newcorn
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Background: Research examining the potential effects of stimulant exposure in childhood on subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD) have focused on differences in the brain reward system as a function of risk. Methods: 18 drug naïve children ages 7 to 12 years (11 High Risk [ADHD + ODD/CD]; 7 Low Risk [ADHD only]), underwent fMRI scans before and after treatment with mixed amphetamine salts, extended release (MAS-XR). We examined correlations between clinical ratings and fMRI activation at baseline and following treatment as a function of risk status. Results: High Risk children had higher activation than Low Risk children at baseline during both the Reward and Surprising Non-Reward conditions. Treatment produced strong differential effects on brain activation pertinent to group and reward outcome. Conclusions: Findings support the hypothesized role of reward mechanisms in SUD risk, and suggest that stimulant treatment may have differential effects on reward processing in relation to SUD risk.
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- 2024
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25. Dyadic Brain - A Biological Model for Deliberative Inference
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Iliyan Ivanov and Kristin Whiteside
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deliberation ,active inference ,free energy principle ,neuronal synchrony ,dyadic brain ,attribute substitution ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
The human brain is arguably the most complex information processing system. It operates by acquiring data from the environment, recognizing patterns of events’ occurrence, anticipating their re-occurrence and in turn generating appropriate behavioral responses. Through the lenses of the free-energy principle any self-organizing system that is at equilibrium with its environment must minimize its free energy either by manipulating the environmental sensory input or by manipulating its internal states thus altering the recognition density of the outside stimuli. However, several sets of challenges interfere with the human brain's ability to learn and adapt in such a theoretically optimal fashion. These may include, and are not limited to, functional inconsistencies related to attention and memory processes, the functions of “fast” and “slow” thinking and responding, and the ability of emotional states to generate unintended behavioral outcomes that are less adaptive or inappropriate. This paper will review literature on the subject of how ideal learning viewed from the free-energy principle perspective may be affected by the above mentioned limitations and will suggest a model of information processing that may have developed as a way of overcoming these challenges. This neurobiological model stipulates that a neuronal network is formed in response to environmental input and is paralleled by at least one and possibly multiple networks that activate intrinsically and represent “virtual responses” to a situation that demands a behavioral response. This model accounts for how the brain generates a multiplicity of potential behavioral responses and may “choose” the one that seems most appropriate and also explains the uncanny ability of humans to socialize and collaborate. Implications for understanding humans’ ability to learn from others, deliberate on opposing constructs and access and utilize information outside of individual minds are also discussed.
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- 2017
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26. N-[2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanamide
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Stanimir Manolov, Iliyan Ivanov, and Yulian Voynikov
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tryptamine ,Ibuprofen ,DCC ,amide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
The compound in the title was prepared by reaction between tryptamine and ibuprofen using N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a “dehydrating„ reagent. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), UV, IR, and mass spectral data.
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- 2018
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27. Blast Exposure, White Matter Integrity, and Cognitive Function in Iraq and Afghanistan Combat Veterans
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Erin A. Hazlett, Iliyan Ivanov, Corey Fernandez, Effie M. Mitsis, Dara L. Dickstein, Edmund Wong, Cheuk Y. Tang, Jessie Simantov, Charlene Bang, Erin Moshier, Mary Sano, and Gregory A. Elder
- Subjects
adult brain injury ,diffusion tensor imaging ,magnetic resonance imaging ,cognitive function ,military injury ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
The long-term effects of blast exposure are a major health concern for combat veterans returning from the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. We used an optimized diffusion tensor imaging tractography algorithm to assess white matter (WM) fractional anisotropy (FA) in blast-exposed Iraq and Afghanistan veterans (n = 40) scanned on average 3.7 years after deployment/trauma exposure. Veterans diagnosed with a blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) were compared to combat veterans with blast exposure but no TBI diagnosis. Blast exposure was associated with decreased FA in several WM tracts. However, total blast exposure did not correlate well with neuropsychological testing performance and there were no differences in FA based on mTBI diagnosis. Yet, veterans with mTBI performed worse on every neurocognitive test administered. Multiple linear regression across all blast-exposed veterans using a six-factor prediction model indicated that the amount of blast exposure accounted for 11–15% of the variability in composite FA scores such that as blast exposure increased, FA decreased. Education accounted for 10% of the variability in composite FA scores and 25–32% of FA variability in the right cingulum, such that as level of education increased, FA increased. Total blast exposure, age, and education were significant predictors of FA in the left cingulum. We did not find any effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on cognition or composite FA. In summary, our findings suggest that greater total blast exposure is a contributing factor to poor WM integrity. While FA was not associated with neurocognitive performance, we hypothesize that FA changes in the cingulum in veterans with multiple combat exposures and no head trauma prior to deployment may represent a marker of vulnerability for future deficits. Future work needs to examine this longitudinally.
- Published
- 2017
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28. Optimizing fitness for duty and post-combat clinical services for military personnel and combat veterans with ADHD—a systematic review of the current literature
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov and Rachel Yehuda
- Subjects
ADHD ,military ,PTSD ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Attention deficit hyper activity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder, most often diagnosed in childhood, and characterized by hyperactivity and inattention that negatively impacts one's ability to function and fulfill social and personal obligations. Individuals with past history of ADHD may enlist in the military under certain conditions, however the full impact of military training and deployment of later in life ADHD symptoms is unclear. It is of particular interest how military experience may affect ADHD in remission and if such individuals might be at elevated risk for relapse of ADHD symptoms. Method: We performed a systematic review f the available literature including the Department of Defense (DOD) guidelines for both eligibility to enlist and fitness for deployment based on reported history and current symptomatology of ADHD. Results: The after care for veterans with ADHD relapse is inconsistent and presents with number of challenges. We evaluate the DOD policies regarding the implications of ADHD for fitness for military service and post-combat mental health. Conclusion: The full extend of the interaction between pre-existing ADHD and post-combat PTSD are not fully understood. The development of comprehensive and clear algorithms for diagnosing and treating ADHD in the military before and after deployment will have a strong positive impact on the quality of care delivered to soldiers and veterans.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Alkylative coupling of enaminones and benzimidazole
- Author
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Milena Staykova, Stela Statkova-Abeghe, Plamen Angelov, and Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Silica-Supported Polyphosphoric Acid in the Synthesis of 4-Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov, Stoyanka Nikolova, and Stanimir Manolov
- Subjects
4-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline ,cherylline analogues ,α-amidoalkylation reaction ,silica-supported polyphosphoric acid (SiO2-PPA) ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
We report herein an application of an α-amidoalkylation reaction, as an alternative efficient synthesis of 4-aryl- and 4-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives. The amides required for this purpose would result from reaction of aminoacetaldehyde dimethylacetal with different substituted benzenes in polyphosphoric acid, followed by acylation of the obtained amines with different acid chlorides or sulfochlorides. We compared the cyclisation step using conventional (milieu of acetic-trifluoracetic acid = 4:1) and solid supported reagents (SiO2/PPA), as recovered, regenerated and reused without loss of its activity catalyst. We found that in comparison to conventional methods, the yields of the reaction are greater and the reaction time is shorter.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Associations between subtype and lifetime substance use – a clinical study [version 2; referees: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
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Michael Liebrenz, Alex Gamma, Iliyan Ivanov, Anna Buadze, and Dominique Eich
- Subjects
Neurodevelopment ,Substance Abuse ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ADHD is the one of the most prevalent childhood disorders and has been associated with impairments persisting into adulthood. Specifically, childhood ADHD is an independent clinical risk factor for the development of later substance use disorders (SUD). Moreover, adults who meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD have shown high rates of comorbid SUDs. Few studies, however, have reported on the relationship between ADHD subtypes and SUD in adult samples. The purpose of this study was to characterize a clinical sample of adults with ADHD and to identify possible associations between ADHD subtypes, lifetime substance use, and if ADHD subtypes may be preferentially associated with specific substances of abuse. We recruited 413 adult ADHD patients, performed an evaluation of their ADHD and conducted an interview on their use of psychotropic substances. Complete data was obtained for 349 patients. Lifetime substance abuse or dependence was 26% and occasional use was 57% in this sample. The inattentive subtype was significantly less likely to abuse or be dependent on cocaine than the combined subtype. Our findings underscore the high rate of comorbidity between substance use and ADHD in adults. The more frequent abuse/dependence of cocaine by adult patients with hyperactive-impulsive symptoms should be kept in mind when treating this patient group.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. 1,4-Phenylenebis[(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone]
- Author
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Stanimir Manolov and Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
TfOH/SiO2 ,α-amidoalkylation ,terephthaloyl chloride ,homoveratrylamine ,bis terephthalamide ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
The compound named in the title was prepared from N1,N4-diphenethylterephthalamide 1. The resulting bis terephthalamide was subjected to an intramolecular α-amidoalkylation reaction with paraformaldehyde in the presence of heterogeneous catalyst TfOH/SiO2 to obtain 1,4-phenylenebis[(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone]. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was determined using 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, IR and mass spectral data.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Synthesis and Contractile Activity of Substituted 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines
- Author
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Iliyana Stefanova, Plamen Zagorchev, Stoyanka Nikolova, Dimo Aladjov, and Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
Grignard reagent ,tetrahydroisoquinolines ,contractile activity ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A series of different 1-monosubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolines was synthesized in high yields from different ketoamides. We have developed a convenient method for the synthesis of disubstituted derivatives by interaction of ketoamides with organomagnesium compounds, followed by cyclization in the presence of catalytic amounts of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). A number of substituents at the C-1 in the isoquinoline skeleton were introduced varying either carboxylic acid or organomagnesium compound. Some of the obtained 1,1-dialkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolines possess contractile activity against guinea pig’s gastric smooth muscle preparations.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. 2482 Reward-based learning as a function of the severity of substance abuse risk in drug-naïve youth
- Author
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Muhammad A. Parvaz, Kristen Kim, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, and Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Deficits in reward-based learning have been shown in youth at risk for developing substance use disorders (SUD). Here, we investigated whether computational models can be used to more precisely delineate the additive effects of such risk loading (i.e., the comparison between youth with ADHD, and those with ADHD and familial SUD) on reward-based learning in youth. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 41 drug-naïve youth, stratified into 3 groups based on ADHD diagnosis and parental SUD: healthy controls (HC, n=13; neither ADHD nor parental SUD), low risk (LR, n=13; ADHD only), and high risk (HR, n=15; both ADHD and parental SUD), performed a reward task. Learning rates, prediction and congruence t-scores were computed using a reinforcement learning model and analyzed via a multivariate ANOVA. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The analyses showed a significant linear effect in task accuracy, which decreased with increasing risk profiles. Analyses of the model-derived variables also showed similar significant linear effects in learning rates and the congruence t-score, but not in the prediction t-score. These effects were primarily driven by significantly higher learning rate and congruence t-score in HC compared with HR youth. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results show most profound deficits in reward-learning in HR youth. These findings also show that computational analyses can offer added value over conventional behavioral analyses by more precisely evaluating group differences in relation to SUD risk.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Application of ortho-acylated phenylacetic acid esters to the synthesis of 1-substituted isochromanes
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov, Stoyanka Nikolova, Ekaterina Kochovska, and Stela Statkova-Abeghe
- Subjects
Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Regioselective acylation of β-enaminones of homoveratrylamine
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov, Stoyanka Nikolova, Plamen Angelov, Stela Statkova-Abeghe, and Ekaterina Kochovska
- Subjects
Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Associations between subtype and lifetime substance use – a clinical study. [version 1; referees: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
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Michael Liebrenz, Alex Gamma, Iliyan Ivanov, Anna Buadze, and Dominique Eich
- Subjects
Neurodevelopment ,Substance Abuse ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ADHD is the one of the most prevalent childhood disorders and has been associated with impairments persisting into adulthood. Specifically, childhood ADHD is an independent clinical risk factor for the development of later substance use disorders (SUD). Moreover, adults who meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD have shown high rates of comorbid SUDs. Few studies, however, have reported on the relationship between ADHD subtypes and SUD in adult samples. The purpose of this study was to characterize a clinical sample of adults with ADHD and to identify possible associations between ADHD subtypes, lifetime substance use, and if ADHD subtypes may be preferentially associated with specific substances of abuse. We recruited 413 adult ADHD patients, performed an evaluation of their ADHD and conducted an interview on their use of psychotropic substances. Complete data was obtained for 349 patients. Lifetime substance abuse or dependence was 26% and occasional use was 57% in this sample. The inattentive subtype was significantly less likely to abuse or be dependent on cocaine than the combined subtype. Our findings underscore the high rate of comorbidity between substance use and ADHD in adults. The more frequent abuse/dependence of cocaine by adult patients with hyperactive-impulsive symptoms should be kept in mind when treating this patient group.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Synthesis of New β-enaminones of Isoquinolines with 5,5-dimethyl-cyclohexanedione
- Author
-
Stoyanka Nikolova and Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
enaminones ,dimedone ,isoquinoline ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
n/a
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-diphenyl-2(1H)-quinazolinone from 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-urea and benzoic acid in polyphosphoric acid
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
quinazolinone ,polyphosphoric acid (PPA) ,urea ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 - Abstract
n/a
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Associations of medication with subcortical morphology across the lifespan in OCD: Results from the international ENIGMA Consortium
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov, Premika S.W. Boedhoe, Yoshinari Abe, Pino Alonso, Stephanie H. Ameis, Paul D. Arnold, Srinivas Balachander, Justin T. Baker, Nerisa Banaj, Nuria Bargalló, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Francesco Benedetti, Jan C. Beucke, Irene Bollettini, Silvia Brem, Brian P. Brennan, Jan Buitelaar, Rosa Calvo, Yuqi Cheng, Kang Ik K. Cho, Sara Dallaspezia, Damiaan Denys, Juliana B. Diniz, Benjamin A. Ely, Jamie D. Feusner, Sónia Ferreira, Kate D. Fitzgerald, Martine Fontaine, Patricia Gruner, Gregory L. Hanna, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Chaim Huyser, Keisuke Ikari, Anthony James, Fern Jaspers-Fayer, Hongyan Jiang, Norbert Kathmann, Christian Kaufmann, Minah Kim, Kathrin Koch, Jun Soo Kwon, Luisa Lázaro, Yanni Liu, Christine Lochner, Rachel Marsh, Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín, David Mataix-Cols, José M. Menchón, Luciano Minuzzi, Astrid Morer, Pedro Morgado, Akiko Nakagawa, Takashi Nakamae, Tomohiro Nakao, Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy, Erika L. Nurmi, Sanghoon Oh, Chris Perriello, John C. Piacentini, Maria Picó-Pérez, Fabrizio Piras, Federica Piras, Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, Daniela Rodriguez Manrique, Yuki Sakai, Eiji Shimizu, H. Blair Simpson, Noam Soreni, Carles Soriano-Mas, Gianfranco Spalletta, Emily R. Stern, Michael C. Stevens, S. Evelyn Stewart, Philip R. Szeszko, David F. Tolin, Daan van Rooij, Dick J. Veltman, Ysbrand D. van der Werf, Guido A. van Wingen, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Susanne Walitza, Zhen Wang, Anri Watanabe, Lidewij H. Wolters, Xiufeng Xu, Je-Yeon Yun, Mojtaba Zarei, Fengrui Zhang, Qing Zhao, Neda Jahanshad, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Dan J. Stein, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Joseph O'Neill, Sara Poletti, Egill Axfjord Fridgeirsson, Toshikazu Ikuta, Stella J. de Wit, Chris Vriend, Selina Kasprzak, Masaru Kuno, Jumpei Takahashi, Euripedes C. Miguel, Roseli G. Shavitt, Morgan Hough, Jose C. Pariente, Ana E. Ortiz, Sara Bertolín, Eva Real, Cinto Segalàs, Pedro Silva Moreira, Nuno Sousa, Jin Narumoto, Kei Yamada, Jinsong Tang, Jean-Paul Fouche, Taekwan Kim, Sunah Choi, Minji Ha, Sunghyun Park, Anatomy and neurosciences, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Systems & Network Neuroscience, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, Adult Psychiatry, Child Psychiatry, Paediatric Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Graduate School, Ivanov, Iliyan, Boedhoe, Premika S W, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Ameis, Stephanie H, Arnold, Paul D, Balachander, Sriniva, Baker, Justin T, Banaj, Nerisa, Bargalló, Nuria, Batistuzzo, Marcelo C, Benedetti, Francesco, Beucke, Jan C, Bollettini, Irene, Brem, Silvia, Brennan, Brian P, Buitelaar, Jan, Calvo, Rosa, Cheng, Yuqi, Cho, Kang Ik K, Dallaspezia, Sara, Denys, Damiaan, Diniz, Juliana B, Ely, Benjamin A, Feusner, Jamie D, Ferreira, Sónia, Fitzgerald, Kate D, Fontaine, Martine, Gruner, Patricia, Hanna, Gregory L, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoexter, Marcelo Q, Huyser, Chaim, Ikari, Keisuke, James, Anthony, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Jiang, Hongyan, Kathmann, Norbert, Kaufmann, Christian, Kim, Minah, Koch, Kathrin, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lázaro, Luisa, Liu, Yanni, Lochner, Christine, Marsh, Rachel, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Menchón, José M, Minuzzi, Luciano, Morer, Astrid, Morgado, Pedro, Nakagawa, Akiko, Nakamae, Takashi, Nakao, Tomohiro, Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C, Nurmi, Erika L, Oh, Sanghoon, Perriello, Chri, Piacentini, John C, Picó-Pérez, Maria, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Reddy, Y C Janardhan, Manrique, Daniela Rodriguez, Sakai, Yuki, Shimizu, Eiji, Simpson, H Blair, Soreni, Noam, Soriano-Mas, Carle, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stern, Emily R, Stevens, Michael C, Stewart, S Evelyn, Szeszko, Philip R, Tolin, David F, van Rooij, Daan, Veltman, Dick J, van der Werf, Ysbrand D, van Wingen, Guido A, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Zhen, Watanabe, Anri, Wolters, Lidewij H, Xu, Xiufeng, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zarei, Mojtaba, Zhang, Fengrui, Zhao, Qing, Jahanshad, Neda, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Thompson, Paul M, Stein, Dan J, van den Heuvel, Odile A, and O'Neill, Joseph
- Subjects
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7] ,OCD ,Psychotropics ,Longevity ,SRIs ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Benzodiazepines ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Age ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Subcortical volumes ,130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory ,Child, Preschool ,Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ,Humans ,Child ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,Aged ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
Background: Widely used psychotropic medications for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may change the volumes of subcortical brain structures, and differently in children vs. adults. We measured subcortical volumes cross-sectionally in patients finely stratified for age taking various common classes of OCD drugs. Methods: The ENIGMA-OCD consortium sample (1081 medicated/1159 unmedicated OCD patients and 2057 healthy controls aged 6–65) was divided into six successive 6–10-year age-groups. Individual structural MRIs were parcellated automatically using FreeSurfer into 8 regions-of-interest (ROIs). ROI volumes were compared between unmedicated and medicated patients and controls, and between patients taking serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), tricyclics (TCs), antipsychotics (APs), or benzodiazepines (BZs) and unmedicated patients. Results: Compared to unmedicated patients, volumes of accumbens, caudate, and/or putamen were lower in children aged 6–13 and adults aged 50–65 with OCD taking SRIs (Cohen's d = −0.24 to −0.74). Volumes of putamen, pallidum (d = 0.18–0.40), and ventricles (d = 0.31–0.66) were greater in patients aged 20–29 receiving APs. Hippocampal volumes were smaller in patients aged 20 and older taking TCs and/or BZs (d = −0.27 to −1.31). Conclusions: Results suggest that TCs and BZs could potentially aggravate hippocampal atrophy of normal aging in older adults with OCD, whereas SRIs may reduce striatal volumes in young children and older adults. Similar to patients with psychotic disorders, OCD patients aged 20–29 may experience subcortical nuclear and ventricular hypertrophy in relation to APs. Although cross-sectional, present results suggest that commonly prescribed agents exert macroscopic effects on subcortical nuclei of unknown relation to therapeutic response.
- Published
- 2022
41. Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Studies, and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of New Biofunctional Ketoprofen Derivatives with Different N-Containing Heterocycles
- Author
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Nedialkov, Stanimir Manolov, Dimitar Bojilov, Iliyan Ivanov, Gabriel Marc, Nadezhda Bataklieva, Smaranda Oniga, Ovidiu Oniga, and Paraskev
- Subjects
ketoprofen ,pyrrolidine ,piperidine ,1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline ,1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline ,hybrid molecules ,in vitro biological activity ,molecular docking ,molecular dynamics - Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of four new hybrid molecules between ketoprofen or 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propanoic acid and N-containing heterocyclic compounds, such as piperidine, pyrrolidine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. The obtained hybrid compounds were fully characterized using 1H- and 13C-NMR, UV-Vis, and HRMS spectra. Detailed HRMS analysis is provided for all novel hybrid molecules. The compounds were assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The lipophilicity of the hybrids was determined, both theoretically (cLogP) and experimentally (RM). The affinity of the compounds to the human serum albumin was assessed in silico by molecular docking study using two software, and the stability of the predicted complexes was evaluated by molecular dynamics study. All novel hybrids have shown very good HPSA activity, statistically close when compared to the reference—quercetin. The molecular docking confirmed the obtained in vitro results. Tetrahydroquinoline derivative 3c and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative 3d have the highest affinity for albumin. They show stronger anti-inflammatory action than their predecessor, ketoprofen and the regularly used ibuprofen.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Synthesis, In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and HRMS Analysis of New Amphetamine Derivatives
- Author
-
Dimitar Bojilov, Iliyan Ivanov, Stanimir Manolov, and Paraskev Nedialkov
- Subjects
amphetamine ,ibuprofen ,flurbiprofen ,ketoprofen ,naproxen ,carprofen ,amides ,HRMS ,amfens ,in vitro ,toxicity ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Herein, we report the obtaining of new hybrid molecules of amphetamine with different profens (amfens). The obtained amfens are characterized by their melting points, UV, 1H–, 13C–NMR, and HRMS spectra. A complete and detailed mass spectral analysis of the newly obtained derivatives of amphetamine with ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, and carprofen was performed. In vitro inhibition of albumin denaturation of each new compound was assessed, and they showed significant activity. The IC50 values of the obtained amphetamine-profen derivatives ranged from 92.81 to 159.87 µg/mL. This indicates that the new hybrids inherit the anti-inflammatory properties of profens. Using in silico method, the toxicity was also calculated. The obtained results are given in LD50 values. Depending on the route of administration, the amfens are less toxic compared to the standard amphetamine.
- Published
- 2022
43. Substance Use Initiation, Particularly Alcohol, in Drug-Naive Adolescents: Possible Predictors and Consequences From a Large Cohort Naturalistic Study
- Author
-
Iliyan Ivanov, Muhammad A. Parvaz, Eva Velthorst, Riaz B. Shaik, Sven Sandin, Gabriela Gan, Philip Spechler, Matthew D. Albaugh, Bader Chaarani, Scott Mackey, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L.W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Büchel, Erin Burke Quinlan, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Herve Lemaitre, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomáš Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Fröhner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Hugh Garavan, Michael Rapp, Sophia Schneider, Tomas Paus, Alexis Barbot, Gareth Barker, Arun Bokde, Nora Vetter, Anna Cattrell, Patrick Constant, Hans Crombag, Jeffrey Dalley, Benjamin Decideur, Tade Spranger, Tamzin Ripley, Nadja Heym, Wolfgang Sommer, Birgit Fuchs, Jürgen Gallinat, Rainer Spanagel, Mehri Kaviani, Bert Heinrichs, null Andreas Heinz, Naresh Subramaniam, Tianye Jia, Albrecht Ihlenfeld, James Ireland, Patricia Conrod, Jennifer Jones, Arno Klaassen, Christophe Lalanne, Dirk Lanzerath, Claire Lawrence, Hervé Lemaitre, Sylvane Desrivieres, Catherine Mallik, Karl Mann, Adam Mar, Lourdes Martinez-Medina, Eva Mennigen, Fabiana Mesquita de Carvahlo, Yannick Schwartz, Ruediger Bruehl, Kathrin Müller, Charlotte Nymberg, Mark Lathrop, Trevor Robbins, Zdenka Pausova, Jani Pentilla, Francesca Biondo, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Michael Smolka, Juliane Fröhner, Maren Struve, Steve Williams, Thomas Hübner, Semiha Aydin, John Rogers, Alexander Romanowski, Christine Schmäl, Dirk Schmidt, Stephan Ripke, Mercedes Arroyo, Florian Schubert, Yolanda Pena-Oliver, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Xavier Mignon, Claudia Speiser, Tahmine Fadai, Dai Stephens, Andreas Ströhle, Marie-Laure Paillere, Nicole Strache, David Theobald, Sarah Jurk, Helene Vulser, Ruben Miranda, Juliana Yacubilin, Vincent Frouin, Alexander Genauck, Caroline Parchetka, Isabel Gemmeke, Johann Kruschwitz, Katharina WeiB, Jianfeng Feng, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Irina Filippi, Alex Ing, Barbara Ruggeri, Bing Xu, Christine Macare, Congying Chu, Eanna Hanratty, Gabriel Robert, Tao Yu, Veronika Ziesch, and Alicia Stedman
- Subjects
Adolescent ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Impulsivity ,Naturalistic observation ,Reward ,Neuroimaging ,Intervention (counseling) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Drug-naïve ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Trait ,Orbitofrontal cortex ,medicine.symptom ,business ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Clinical psychology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
It is unclear whether deviations in brain and behavioral development, which may underpin elevated substance use during adolescence, are predispositions for or consequences of substance use initiation. Here, we examine behavioral and neuroimaging indices at early and mid-adolescence in drug-naive youths to identify possible predisposing factors for substance use initiation and its possible consequences.Among 304 drug-naive adolescents at baseline (age 14 years) from the IMAGEN dataset, 83 stayed drug-naive, 133 used alcohol on 1 to 9 occasions, 42 on 10 to 19 occasions, 27 on 20 to 39 occasions, and 19 on40 occasions at follow-up (age 16 years). Baseline measures included brain activation during the Monetary Incentive Delay task. Data at both baseline and follow-up included measures of trait impulsivity and delay discounting.From baseline to follow-up, impulsivity decreased in the 0 and 1- to 9-occasions groups (p .004), did not change in the 10- to 19-occasions and 20- to 29-occasions groups (p.294), and uncharacteristically increased in the40-occasions group (p = .046). Furthermore, blunted medial orbitofrontal cortex activation during reward outcome at baseline significantly predicted higher alcohol use frequency at follow-up, above and beyond behavioral and clinical variables (p = .008).These results suggest that the transition from no use to frequent drinking in early to mid-adolescence may disrupt normative developmental changes in behavioral control. In addition, blunted activity of the medial orbitofrontal cortex during reward outcome may underscore a predisposition toward the development of more severe alcohol use in adolescents. This distinction is clinically important, as it informs early intervention efforts in preventing the onset of substance use disorder in adolescents.
- Published
- 2021
44. Microwave-assisted synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline sulfonamide derivatives and their biological evaluation
- Author
-
I Iliyan Ivanov, P Stanimir Manolov, and G Dimitar Bojilov
- Subjects
inhibition of albumin denaturation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant ,Chemistry ,Tetrahydroisoquinoline ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Albumin ,General Chemistry ,h2o2 scavenging activity ,antitryptic activity ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Thin-layer chromatography ,microwave synthesis ,Sulfonamide ,lcsh:Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,antibacterial activity ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Lipophilicity ,medicine ,Denaturation (biochemistry) ,sio2/ppa ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
Herein we report an alternative eco-friendly method for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline sulfonamide derivatives. All obtained compounds were screened for their in vitro inhibition of albumin denaturation, antioxidant, antitryptic and antibacterial activity, and have shown significant results. The lipophilicity was established using both reversed-phase thin layer chromatography and in silico calculations.
- Published
- 2021
45. Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Associations between subtype and lifetime substance use – a clinical study [version 2; referees: 3 approved]
- Author
-
Michael Liebrenz, Alex Gamma, Iliyan Ivanov, Anna Buadze, and Dominique Eich
- Subjects
Research Article ,Articles ,Neurodevelopment ,Substance Abuse ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ,subtype ,presentation ,substance-use disorder ,cocaine ,dual-diagnosis - Abstract
ADHD is the one of the most prevalent childhood disorders and has been associated with impairments persisting into adulthood. Specifically, childhood ADHD is an independent clinical risk factor for the development of later substance use disorders (SUD). Moreover, adults who meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD have shown high rates of comorbid SUDs. Few studies, however, have reported on the relationship between ADHD subtypes and SUD in adult samples. The purpose of this study was to characterize a clinical sample of adults with ADHD and to identify possible associations between ADHD subtypes, lifetime substance use, and if ADHD subtypes may be preferentially associated with specific substances of abuse. We recruited 413 adult ADHD patients, performed an evaluation of their ADHD and conducted an interview on their use of psychotropic substances. Complete data was obtained for 349 patients. Lifetime substance abuse or dependence was 26% and occasional use was 57% in this sample. The inattentive subtype was significantly less likely to abuse or be dependent on cocaine than the combined subtype. Our findings underscore the high rate of comorbidity between substance use and ADHD in adults. The more frequent abuse/dependence of cocaine by adult patients with hyperactive-impulsive symptoms should be kept in mind when treating this patient group.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. 33.3 Effects of Adversity on Trajectories of Substance Use Disorder Development in Drug-Naïve Youth With Family Loading for Substance Use Disorder
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Developmental and Educational Psychology - Published
- 2022
47. ADHD AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER: EMERGING CONCEPTS
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov and Jeffrey H. Newcorn
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Developmental and Educational Psychology - Published
- 2022
48. TRAINING IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND CLOUDY TECHNOLOGIES
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov, Alexander Garkinin, and Alexander Kirkov
- Published
- 2022
49. INVESTIGATION OF LOCAL NETWORKS WITH SOFTWARE
- Author
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Iliyan Ivanov
- Published
- 2022
50. Dopamine transporter gene variation modulates activation of striatum in youth with ADHD.
- Author
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Anne-Claude V. Bédard, Kurt P. Schulz, Edwin H. Cook Jr., Jin Fan, Suzanne M. Clerkin, Iliyan Ivanov, Jeffrey M. Halperin, and Jeffrey H. Newcorn
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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