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CNRS 4, FNEGE 4, HCERES C; International audience; This research deals with the evolution of business models related to technology platforms. This evolution is analysed by mobilising the theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities, which makes it possible to link the notion of technological platform to that of business model. The analysis is based on the case of Uber, a major company in the sharing-economy transportation market. It is shown that this company is characterised by a dynamic business model, whose evolution comprises three phases corresponding to the dynamic capabilities framework. A simple platform for connecting drivers and private individuals at the time of its creation, Uber is now a multi-sided technological platform, putting data at the centre of its value creation model.

International audience; S-commerce and M-commerce become buzz word recent years. The social and mobile elements have brought new ways of thinking as well as challenging opportunities in e-commerce. In this chapter, we firstly introduce the concepts of online social commerce, its classifications and social shopping behaviors. Secondly, we analyze the evolution from online social commerce to mobile social commerce. Different case studies are given to demonstrate the concept of mobile social commerce, to precisely define how mobile and social feathers add value to traditional e-commerce.

International audience; Telemedicine solutions are invading our daily life (applications, cabin …). The aim of this research is to have a better understanding of the acceptance of telemedicine cabins by young adults. A quantitative approach has been selected using the Theory of Acceptance Model (TAM), the Perceived Personalisation and Trusting Belief scales. A survey was administrated to students from different business schools and data were analysed using a Partial Least Approach. A sample of 158 students was collected. Findings highlight the key role of Trusting Beliefs on Perceived Personalization. In addition, results demonstrate that Perceived Ease of Use does not impact the Intention to Use Telemedicine cabin.

International audience; L'objectif de cet article est de réfléchir aux défis méthodologiques posés par l'étude des techniques de neutralisation adoptées par les salariés travaillant dans des secteurs controversés tels que le tabac et l'alcool. Cet objet d'étude est en effet sensible du fait de la menace émotionnelle et légale qu'il fait peser sur les participants. Il nécessite donc de s'entourer de précautions particulières pour accéder au terrain et protéger les participants lors de la collecte des données et de la diffusion des résultats. En outre l'analyse des données suppose elle-même une réflexivité du chercheur pour éviter les jugements de valeurs qu'il pourrait formuler face à des comportements non éthiques. Le recours à des mécanismes de neutralisation par les salariés de ces secteurs, pris entre la condamnation sociale de leur activité et les attentes de leur organisation, témoigne du malaise ressentis par ces derniers. Les implications de cette recherche sont donc fortes en termes de souffrance au travail et d'identité professionnelle, renforçant ainsi le caractère sensible de notre étude.

International audience; Collaborative delivery of connected consumers, a new challenge for urban logisticsThis article focuses on collaborative logistics as part of parcels delivery to individuals in urban areas. It inves-tigates the crowd logistics as a solution that allows receiving and redelivering parcels in case of home deliveryfailure. Through a modeling and simulation applied to the city of Paris, our results provide the basis for settingup a network of individuals, called “voisinsrelais.com”, capable of receiving parcels for fee. This work increasesthe awareness of distributors and logistics service providers about this new mode of delivery. It avoids customerdissatisfaction, additional costs and environmental impact associated to redelivery.; Cet article s’intéresse à la logistique collaborative dans le cadre de la livraison de colis aux particuliers dans leszones urbaines. Il vise à étudier la crowd logistics comme solution qui permet de réceptionner et re-livrer lescolis en cas d’échec de livraison à domicile. À travers une modélisation suivie d’une simulation appliquée à laville de Paris, nos résultats posent les bases de la mise en place d’un réseau de particuliers, appelé « voisinsrelais.com », capables de réceptionner les colis moyennant une rémunération. Ce travail sensibilise les distributeurset les prestataires de services logistiques à ce nouveau mode de livraison qui permet d’éviter d’une part l’insa-tisfaction des clients et, d’autre part, des coûts supplémentaires et un impact environnemental négatif associés àune relivraison.

International audience; This paper examines how Ethical Decision Making (EDM) is influenced by various persons who interact with the decision-maker. We can refer to these persons as stakeholders of the decision. The study highlights the different roles played by the decision stakeholders in the process of EDM. Besides, we analyse the influence of each stakeholder on the decision-making process by drawing on Mitchell et al. stakeholders' typology which assesses the salience of the stakeholders through their legitimacy, power and urgency. In order to do so, we examine how managers react when they face ethical dilemmas in the workplace, through narratives which relate truly experienced situations. The analysis of the 25 narratives shows that the stakeholders can play four different roles, which we called: decision maker, consultant, trigger and victim. Moreover, the evaluation of each stakeholder's influence in the ethical-decision making process lead us to find 4 different EDM patterns according to the influence of the main protagonist of the dilemma comparing to the other stakeholders. We call these patterns: masterful, mentee, deviant, impotent, in order to highlight that the main protagonist has more or less influence over the other stakeholders and therefore more or less latitude in the ethical choice he/she has to make.

International audience; La littérature qui s'est intéressée aux enjeux éthiques soulevés par le marketing dans le secteur de la santé s'est essentiellement centrée sur la régulation des pratiques du secteur via les codes d'éthique, la question des prix des médicaments, celle de la publicité directe au consommateur et des relations entre représentants médicaux et médecins (Shaw et Whitney, 2016, Katamba et al., 2016, Spinello 1992, Cohn 2016, Biegler, 2014, Reast et al., 2011, Wright et Lundstrom, 2004). Néanmoins ces travaux négligent la perspective des marketers et l'on sait peu de choses sur la façon dont ces professionnels vivent et gèrent, à leur niveau, les défis éthiques auxquels ils sont régulièrement confrontés.L'objectif de cette recherche est d'améliorer notre compréhension des dilemmes éthiques vécus par les marketers dans l'industrie pharmaceutique. Quelle est la nature des dilemmes rencontrés ? De quelle manière y font-ils face ?

International audience

CNRS 3, FNEGE 2, HCERES A; International audience; This study investigates a new perspective of idea crowdsourcing which involves the simultaneous use of cooperation and competition (“coopetition”) to stimulate the crowd. Based on the social interdependence theory, we present this new approach and explore how coopetition is set-up in this context. Through an empirical study, we show that the current platforms of idea crowdsourcing present different categories of coopetition. We discuss the managerial and theoretical implications of these results.; Cette étude porte sur une nouvelle pratique de crowdsourcing d’idées qui consiste à recourir simultanément à la coopération et à la compétition (la « coopétition ») pour mobiliser la foule. Les auteurs présentent cette nouvelle approche et explorent, en mobilisant la théorie de l’interdépendance sociale, dans quelle mesure le principe de coopétition est appliqué dans ce contexte. À l’aide d’une étude empirique, ils montrent que les plateformes présentent pour l’essentiel des formes atténuées ou marquées de coopétition. Ils discutent les implications pratiques et théoriques de ces résultats.

CNRS 2, FNEGE 2, HCERES A; International audience; Cet article étudie les techniques de neutralisation mobilisées par les professionnels du marketing lorsqu’il s’agit de justifier des pratiques non éthiques adoptées pour le compte de leur organisation. Pour cela dix-sept récits collectés auprès de praticiens dans deux secteurs controversés (alcool et tabac) ont été analysés. Trois stratégies d’argumentation sont identifiées : la moralisation de l’activité via l’organisation vertueuse, la déresponsabilisation au nom de la loi trop contraignante et la rationalisation économique.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 3, HCERES B; National audience; Through the concept of platform, this research analyses the digital transformation at work in the media space buying sector faced since 2012 with the emergence of programmatic platforms. These platforms enable publishers to distribute unsold space and advertisers to buy discounted space, in a blind system. The transformation is characterized by the emergence of new intermediate actors in the chain from the advertiser to the publisher. A literature review on the concept of platforms lays the foundation for a grid of analysis of actors’ logical through thirteen interviews of digital advertising professionals. It illustrates the economic mechanisms associated to the platforms but also the roles of actors and issues that incumbents should meet to justify their value on the market. Moreover, it shows that the players on the two sides can influence the configuration of the platform and calls for a ref lection on the evolution of the platforms.; Cette recherche mobilise le concept de plateforme pour analyser la transformation digitale à l’œuvre dans le secteur de l’achat d’espace médias confronté depuis 2012 à l’émergence de plateformes programmatiques. Ces plateformes permettent aux éditeurs de diffuser des invendus et aux annonceurs d’acheter des espaces en rabais à l’aveugle. La transformation se caractérise par l’apparition de nouveaux acteurs intermédiaires dans la chaîne allant de l’annonceur à l’éditeur. Une revue de littérature sur le concept de plateformes permet de poser les bases d’une grille d’analyse des logiques d’acteurs à travers treize entretiens de professionnels de la publicité digitale. Elle illustre les ressorts économiques associés aux plateformes mais aussi les rôles des acteurs et les enjeux auxquels doivent répondre les acteurs historiques pour justifier leur valeur ajoutée sur le marché. De plus, elle montre que les acteurs sur les versants peuvent inf luencer la configuration de la plateforme et appelle une réf lexion sur l’évolution des plateformes.

International audience; Companies develop co-creation platforms to collect innovative ideas generated by consumers. The idea competition model is traditionally used to organize such collective action and has been widely implemented by companies. In parallel, the development of collaborative platforms and social networks have led to the appearance of co-creation platforms based on a cooperative model with community features. In addition to these two classical models, a third model, a combination of competition and cooperation-the coopetition model-has emerged. Although there is growing interest in this model, no study to date has compared its performance to the other two models. Our research objective is to investigate and compare how these three models affect creative performance in terms of idea quantity and quality. We thus conducted an experiment with 177 students to generate ideas that were submitted to an established company. The results show that the coopetitive model generates more ideas and more creative ideas than the other two models. We also offer insights on how a consumer co-creation platform should be designed to achieve better creative performance.

International audience; Digital marketing has put mobile and social into the center of the vision. Mobile and social interactions have transformed marketing activities and imposed a new paradigm on consumer behaviors based on real-time customer relationship management, peer-to-peer social influence and idea co-creation with consumers. Extensive research has been conducted in both mobile and social media domain, however few research has led a systematic approach by illustrating the marketing evolution and identifying mobile and social features. In this chapter, we fill this research gap through a literature review approach by first presenting the new marketing paradigm created by social networks, and then analyzing the marketing evolution from web-based social networks to mobile social networks. The mobile and social features are identified to guide marketers for application design. Finally, four case studies are presented to show how these features are distributed in applications to lead a better consumer experience. This chapter brings both theoretical and practical implications in this new trends.

International audience; DOMPLUS, implantée à Paris et à Grenoble (Eybens), se définissait comme une société d'intermédiation sociale dans le secteur des services. Elle assurait pour le compte d'entreprises et de grands donneurs d'ordre de la protection sociale des prestations de conseil et d'accompagnement à destination de leurs publics (adhérents, clients, salariés). Les thématiques globales pouvaient être liées aux préoccupations de la vie quotidienne : avancement en âge, soutien aux aidants, transition vers la retraite, ruptures familiales, handicap, etc. Depuis sa création, DOMPLUS n'avait cessé de croître. A partir de 2006, sa croissance annuelle était de l'ordre de 30%. Les effectifs avaient progressé aussi régulièrement : 83 collaborateurs en 2011, 86 collaborateurs en 2012, plus de 100 collaborateurs en 2013. DOMPLUS avait construit son offre sur la base de la " Priorité à la Personne ". Ainsi, au-delà des aspects stratégiques " traditionnels " qui sous-tendaient le développement de nouveaux services, les éléments éthiques apparaissaient donc comme fondamentaux dans la création de DOMPLUS et dans son développement aussi bien au niveau interne que dans ses relations avec l'extérieur. DOMPLUS avait fait évoluer son métier de centre d'appels en 2005 à celui d'une SSII de l'information sociale et de l'intermédiation. Le positionnement de DOMPLUS était toujours au centre de la réflexion stratégique dans un contexte où le digital prenait un poids de plus en plus important avec comme conséquences l'arrivée de nouveaux acteurs issus du numérique et de nouveaux enjeux liés notamment aux données massives (big data). Comment pérenniser sa signature " Priorité à la personne " dans un tel contexte?

International audience; Development of emerging countries is often enabled through non-conventional finance. Indeed, the prohibition of interest and some other impediments require understanding conventional finance and Islamic finance, which both seek to be ethical and socially responsible. Thus, comparing and understanding the features of Islamic banking and conventional banking, in a globalized economy, is fundamental. This book explains the features of both conventional and Islamic banking within the current international context. It also provides a comparative view of banking governance, performance and risk-taking of both finance systems. It will be of particular use to practitioners and researchers, as well as to organizations and companies who are interested in conventional and Islamic banking.

Idea crowdsourcing platforms are often based on the cooperation or the competition model. However, a new model has emerged, referred to in the literature as the “coopetition” model. It represents a hybrid model mixing cooperation with competition. This study compares the relative creative performance of the coopetition model compared to the two classical models. Results show that the coopetition model leads to a higher creative performance, suggesting collective intelligence can be enhanced by coopetition. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

International audience; Organizations develop innovation contests to collect ideas generated by online users. Research has shown that many innovation contests belong to coopetitive platforms which are hybrid models aiming to promote both competition and cooperation within the platforms. Since coopetition in innovation contests is an emerging construct, our research aims to understand how coopetitive innovation contests are organized, particularly what competitive and cooperative features are and how they function together to create coopetitive model, and to study how these models impact on the performance of users. Our contribution is threefold: firstly we propose a classification of both competitive and cooperative features based on social interdependence theory. Secondly we conduct a content analysis of 45 innovation contests, results show that depending on the variations between competitive and cooperative features, the innovation contests are classified in three different coopetitive categories: classic outsourcing, co-creation, and collective intelligence. Thirdly to study the impact of different models on user behaviors, we conduct an experimentation with 177 students to generate ideas to an innovation contest. The results show that the coopetitive model generates more ideas and leads more positive attitudes toward the organization.

International audience; Sous le coup d’une enquête préliminaire du Parquet de Versailles pour « utilisation frauduleuse de données personnelles », Ikea fait partie de ces quelques entreprises dont la direction de la sécurité est mise en cause en raison de pratiques que l’éthique réprouve. Franck Bulinge, docteur en sciences de l’information et professeur de management à l’Institut supérieur du commerce de Paris, décrypte dans cet article les raisons de cette dérive managériale de la sécurité. Les différentes affaires ayant terni le monde de la sécurité ces dernières années seraient survenues en raison d’événements accidentels liés à une erreur de management de l’information. L’auteur présente un ensemble de facteurs exogènes (pression concurrentielle exacerbée, discours anxiogène sur la « guerre économique ») et de facteurs endogènes (transgression des règles, biais cognitifs et syndrome de la pensée groupale) qui, couplés, produisent des accidents de management dont pâtissent très directement les acteurs de la sécurité autant que l’entreprise dont ils sont pourtant censés protéger les intérêts.

International audience; En juin 2014, le fabricant japonais de moniteurs EIZO Corporation présente les résultats de son exercice fiscal 2013, clos au 31 mars 2014. Le bilan est mitigé car, malgré une croissance de 26,4% du chiffre d'affaires par rapport à 2012, les 73,6 milliards de JPY réalisés sont loin de l'objectif de 100 milliards de JPY présenté deux ans plus tôt. Yukio Mishita, 26 ans, analyste en charge de cette entreprise dans un fonds de pension japonais a quelques jours pour évaluer la situation. Il doit notamment apporter des réponses aux questions suivantes. Y-a-t-il des écarts par rapport au plan prévisionnel présenté par EIZO Corporation en 2012 ? Si oui, par quoi s'expliquent-ils ? La firme japonaise est-elle en position de développer une stratégie propre à maintenir sa croissance et à atteindre au plus vite l'objectif affiché ?

International audience; Recent turmoil and financial institutions' failures in the U.S and in the EU have led to a renewed interest in corporate governance. Thus, the ultimate decisions taken to out of the crisis were to review the mechanisms of banking governance. The Islamic banking may use the same governance mechanisms as a conventional bank, in addition to the Shariah boards, the Shariah review unit, the Islamic International Rating Agency (IIRA) and, the Islamic financial Services Board (IFSB)like main bodies of monitoring the Islamic Banking industry. In contrast to the conventional banks, the Islamic banks are based on the active participation of public policy institutions, regulatory and supervisory authorities, and Shariah authorities. These institutions collectively monitor the performance of the firm and its faithfulness and commitment to explicit as well as implicit contracts. Islamic banking designates banking activities, which are conforming to Islamic law (Shariah) and guided by Islamic economics. In particular, Islamic law prohibits usury and payment of interest (Riba), it also prohibits investing in businesses that are considered unlawful. And the competitiveness of many of Islamic products and the PLS principle attract Muslim and non-Muslim investors.

Le projet EgovBat a analysé les apports et facteurs d'adoption d'une plateforme de dématérialisation dans le secteur du BTP

International audience; Mobile apps development has brought challenges and opportunities for companies to market their brands and products through a new channel. This research identifies the strategies which should be considered by companies in branded apps design. We illustrate five business objectives: communication, customer relationship management, sales, product innovation and marketing research. A M-U-S-T Mix method is proposed to specify how mobile features (M), use of brand mention elements (U), social features (S) and type of applications elements (T) should be used to develop branded apps. The types of branded apps are classified as tool-centric, game-centric, social-centric, m-commerce-centric and design-centric apps. Extensive examples of branded apps are given to illustrate the best practice of these strategies.

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CNRS 4, FNEGE 4, HCERES A; International audience; Companies develop co-creation platforms to collect innovative ideas generated by consumers. The idea competition model is traditionally used to organise such collective action and has been widely implemented by companies. In parallel, the development of collaborative platforms and social networks have led to the appearance of co-creation platforms based on a cooperation model with community features. In addition to these two classical models, a third model, a combination of competition and cooperation — the coopetition model — has emerged. Although there is growing interest in this model, no study to date has compared its performance to the other two models. Our research objective is to investigate and compare how these three models affect creative performance in terms of idea quantity and quality. We thus conducted an experiment with 177 students to generate ideas that were submitted to an established company. The results show that the coopetition model generates more ideas and more creative ideas than the other two models. We also offer insights on how a consumer co-creation platform should be designed to achieve better creative performance.

Deux articles composent cette rubrique : - un hommage a Jean Meyriat, decede fin decembre 2010, par plusieurs personnes qui l’ont approche dans l’une ou l’autre de ses multiples activites (Viviane Couzinet, Martine Prevot-Hubert, Paul-Dominique Pomart, Regina Marteleto, Bernard Miege) ; - et une analyse succincte des resultats de l’enquete sur le metier et les salaires des professionnels de l’information-documentation menee en novembre 2010 par l’ADBS (Loic Lebigre).

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This paper aims at examining how the partners in an international joint venture (IJV) can build resilience through the implementation of new ex-post governance mechanisms for the navigation of an institutional crisis. The empirical results from a case study of an IJV located in Tunisia, formed by a French multinational and a Tunisian partner engaged in manufacturing dairy products show that the creation of ad hoc structures, the strengthening of the partners’ commitment and the emergence of transitional leadership ensured the survival and continuity of the IJV during an institutional crisis. We make two main contributions. First, we outline the ways in which an IJV can build organizational resilience by implementing effective governance mechanisms for the navigation of an institutional crisis. Second, we contribute to understanding the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, by exploring the consequences of the Arab Spring on the business environment and the countries’ institutions.

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International audience; This paper investigates the conditional technical and managerial efficiency of European banks through the lending channel using a robust nonparametric frontier approach. We select the largest commercial banks in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and Greece over the period 2005–2013 for our study. The estimates show significant technical inefficiency in the use of available resources for banks in our sample. The overall measure of managerial efficiency suggests sound managerial performance. However, at a detailed level, we find that, for each country examined, banks exhibit large proportions of poor managerial performance. This may explain why some banks could not resist the 2008 financial crisis. Regarding institutional factors, we find capital requirements and bank size are associated with bank efficiency in a nonlinear manner. These findings provide support for contextual factors in determining bank efficiency and rethinking financial reforms.

CNRS 2, FNEGE 1, HCERES A; International audience; Pharmaceutical industry marketers are confronted with specific ethical issues linked to the tension between the economic interest being pursued and the health mission of this sector. Indeed this dual mission could be problematic for them when the two objectives contradict each other. We use the concept of moral dissonance to examine how marketers in the pharmaceutical industry perceive the profit/health tension inherent in their sector and how they deal with it. Based on narratives of 18 marketers working in the pharmaceutical sector, our qualitative study identifies ethical conflicts of varying intensity that generate differing degrees of moral dissonance among marketers. To cope with this moral dissonance, they use the following strategies: (1) minimize the sensitivity of their activity; (2) invoke the benefits to patients; and (3) avoid behaviors that conflict with their values.

International audience

International audience; Corporate accelerators are often viewed as a way to capture innovation from startups. In this study, we present a fresh understanding of the specific role of corporate accelerators in accessing a number of strategic resources held by startups other than innovation. This research study explores the ways in which corporations use corporate accelerators to acquire resources held within the strategic factor markets in which startups compete. Using six in-depth case studies of corporate accelerators and 43 interviews with accelerators, corporations, and startups, we investigate the type of strategic resources that can be accessed by firms via corporate accelerators. We also explain the dynamics through which corporations gain access to some of these strategic resources.

Innovative finance and digitization have become a feature of all financial institutions and are considered as a key factor in economic recovery in Europe. This study is based on the analysis of the 2016 annual reports of the two major French banking groups (BNP Paribas and Société Générale). Its purpose is to analyze their strategies in the context of global digitization and artificial intelligence emergence. The analysis of the annual reports of BNP Paribas and Société Générale in 2016 shows that the emergence of new information and communication technologies has significantly changed the daily operations of many industries, including banking sector. In fact, banks are using digital and internet technologies in their dealings with customers and in their internal processes. Banks, failing to innovate in the customer relationship, have therefore seen new entrants with high-quality services that fit perfectly with customers’ expectations. These new protagonists, such as Google, Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, and Uber, have positioned themselves in highly profitable segments of the banking market. In addition to the strong competition in this market, banks must now integrate into their strategies the new behaviors that their customers have adopted as a result of dealing with digitalization on a daily basis. The old strategy of putting the product ahead of the customer is now over. Customers must be at the center of the company’s attention because they are no longer passive consumers. They are now activists who express their opinions freely and can change banks whenever they want.Facing this challenging context, the Société Générale and BNP Paribas groups are adapting two different strategies. The first is willing to make acquisitions, while the second prefers to collaborate with start-up and the Fintech sector, but both have almost the same innovation strategies, particularly at the level of online banking and digital payment methods.Société Générale seems to have become aware of the stakes that follow this development by adapting an “aggressive” digital strategy compared to BNP Paribas. Nevertheless, it must reproduce the same efforts that it has been able to achieve for its customers, internally., La nouvelle technologie et la digitalisation de la finance, considérées comme un facteur clé de la reprise économique en Europe, se sont imposées à toutes les institutions financières. Notre étude, basée sur l’analyse des rapports annuels et des documents de référence de 2016 de deux grands groupes bancaires français (BNP Paribas et Société Générale), a pour objectif d’étudier les stratégies adoptées par ces banques dans un contexte de compétition féroce, de digitalisation de l’économie et de l’émergence de l’intelligence artificielle. Notre analyse confirme que l’apparition des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication a considérablement modifié le fonctionnement du secteur bancaire qui a subi des mutations importantes. Les banques, à défaut d’avoir innové dans la relation client, ont donc favorisé l’apparition des nouveaux entrants proposant des services de haute qualité parfaitement adaptés aux besoins de leurs clients. Ces nouveaux protagonistes composés de géants de l’informatique comme Google, Apple, Microsoft, Amazon ou encore des FinTechs etc. se sont positionnés sur des segments du marché bancaire à fort niveau de rentabilité. Le client est devenu ainsi un Consomm’acteur qui peut donner ou changer son avis librement. Les groupes Société Générale et BNP Paribas, deux parmi les plus grands groupes bancaires en Europe, ont adopté deux stratégies différentes envers les FinTechs. En effet, le premier groupe est prêt à racheter des concurrents, alors que le second préfère collaborer en contrepartie de l’accompagnement des FinTechs dans leur développement. En revanche, les deux groupes ont quasiment des stratégies d’innovation similaires, notamment au niveau de la banque en ligne et des systèmes de digitalisation des moyens de paiement. À l’issue de cette étude, nous concluons que la Société Générale semble avoir bien pris conscience des enjeux qui accompagnent cette évolution en adaptant une stratégie digitale “aggressive” comparée à celle choisie par BNP Paribas qui doit reproduire les mêmes efforts réalisés pour ses clients, en interne.

The article offers a framework for supreme audit institution (SAI) practitioners to understand the recent changes experienced by SAIs in OECD countries, such as the introduction of performance audi...

International audience; What happens when expert ratings downgrade an organization? How does this downgrading influence the consumers legitimacy's judgments? To answer this issue, we study the ‘Relais Bernard Loiseau’ that was downgraded from a three-star to a two-star restaurant by the widely recognized expert, the Michelin Guide. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the 665 online reviews on the TripAdvisor website from 2004 to June 2017, our findings reveal a null effect on the rating (quantitative component of the evaluation) and a non-linear influence on their online comments (qualitative component). Our findings thus underline the great role of negative emotions in their judgment process, as the emergence of three positions towards the Michelin Guide that evolve: disapproval, approval and impartial. Those findings contribute to nourish the nascent bridge between neoinstitutional theory and consumer-behavior field.

International audience

International audience; La population enfantine constitue depuis cinquante ans un enjeu économique majeur : elle dispose, très tôt, d’un pouvoir d’achat qui s’accroît rapidement avec l’âge, elle est un prescripteur important au sein de la famille – y compris pour des biens les concernant peu – et elle est souvent le principal vecteur qui fait entrer les innovations au sein des foyers. Comme ce fut le cas pour les deux premières éditions, ce livre ne cherche pas à défendre la représentation idéalisée d’un enfant totalement critique pas plus qu’il n’entend larmoyer avec ceux qui se restreignent à la vision pessimiste d’un enfant manipulé. Il est né d’une volonté de balayer le plus largement possible les problèmes qui touchent aux enfants et à la consommation, ainsi qu’aux actions menées vers eux par les entreprises ; avec une finalité principle : concilier efficacité économique, responsabilité sociale et respect de l’intégrité d’un individu forcément fragile puisqu’en devenir. Les différents points abordés au fil des chapitres le sont par des spécialistes – plusieurs nouveaux auteurs sont d’ailleurs venus apporter leur expertise pour enrichir encore le contenu des deux premières édition – qui s’appuient sur les travaux scientifiques les plus récents en s’efforçant de les rendre accessibles et en utilisant ces savoirs comme grille de lecture pour analyser de nombreux exemples. Tous les auteurs se sont efforcés de faire abstraction du halo affectif si souvent présent dès qu’il est question des enfants, en restant au plus près des savoirs actuels, sans complaisance ou anathème envers quelque acteur que ce soit.Cette troisième édition a été profondément refondue ; si certains points inhérents au statut d’enfant ont en effet peu évolué depuis 2012, d’autres ont connu au contraire de vrais bouleversements au cours des 9 dernières années – c’est par exemple le cas de toutes les occasions qui leur sont données aujourd’hui d’avoir des interactions en ligne, ou encore la place que la consommation socialement responsable a pris dans leur environnement. Il fallait donc impérativement intégrer ces évolutions très fortes dans cette nouvelle édition, et c’est clairement le parti pris qui été choisi pour lui servir de fil conducteur.

The development of the Internet and the emergence of social networks led people usually to give opinions and opinions about any product they have purchased. These comments and opinions may be viewed as positive or negative. So, it becomes a real challenge for any organization to manage these comments especially when they are regarded as negative news. Opinion mining is the discipline that is able to process these opinions. It is used as a decision-making tool to develop a strategy to reduce the number of negative comments or simply to compute general tendencies. In this paper, we study the case of opinions left by non-resident customers of a luxury hotel situated in a touristic country. Different tools and quantitative analysis, including codification, linear correlation as well as a multiple correspondence analysis, are implemented enabling to search for the reason of negative opinions. The main results indicated that negative ratings depend on negative perception of the service and/or the welcome and do not depend on journey type. Financial impact has been also studied.

International audience

International audience; Drawing on an extended case method approach consisting of observations, analysis of organisational documents and semi-structured in-depth interviews with first- and second-generation migrants working in a French car manufacturing company, this article examines how and why diversity management practices are perceived differently by first- versus second-generation migrant workers. Using social identity theory and equity theory as a theoretical framework, it was found that first- and second-generation migrants have different social expectations, which, in turn, influence their self-image, as well as their perception of organisational justice. The interaction between their social identity and their perception of justice affects how they appraise diversity management practices in their organisation. The study extends previous research on migrant workers and diversity management by building a conceptual model that outlines how and why diversity management practices are perceived differently by first- versus second-generation migrants.

CNRS 3, FNEGE 3, HCERES B; International audience; Smartphones have changed consumer behavior by providing new mobile technology applications. In order to understand the intention to use mobile applications, this study highlights the factors of usability, loyalty, and trust based on technology acceptance models and relationship marketing by using mobile restaurant guides. This research fills a gap regarding the comparison of mobile application users' behavior in France and Russia. The authors tested the model by a total sample of 244 respondents (123 from Paris and 121 from Moscow) and analysed it with SmartPLS. The comparison of subgroups indicates that Russian users are sensitive toward the variable of trust, while French users are more impacted by mobile application usability. This study can be relevant for practitioners who work internationally, developers of mobile applications, and restaurant managers.

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser la formation à la diversité par le théâtre d’entreprise en se centrant sur le thème de l’égalité femmes/hommes dans le monde professionnel. Il se focalise sur la première phase de la prestation théâtrale, à savoir les saynètes de formation sur catalogue, jouées par des comédiens-formateurs. Ces dernières exposent les situations d’inégalités femmes/hommes au travail, afin de préparer la seconde phase formatrice qui porte sur les stéréotypes, l’analyse des comportements exposés et les possibles remédiations.La problématique de recherche est centrée sur la façon dont le théâtre d’entreprise représente les inégalités femmes/hommes au travail dans les saynètes introduisant leur formation à la diversité. Pour y répondre, une méthodologie qualitative a été choisie et celle-ci permet de comprendre les mécanismes à l’oeuvre dans les formations théâtrales qui servent de support aux politiques de gestion à la diversité dans les organisations. Il apparaît, notamment, que ces formations se concentrent sur certaines dimensions de l’égalité femmes/hommes, le plus souvent dans un but de mise en conformité avec la loi, omettant en cela de prendre en compte plusieurs facettes du phénomène d’inégalité.Cette recherche montre le mode de fonctionnement du théâtre fondé sur un idéal-type et l’exposition de situations, basées sur les différentes barrières rencontrées par les femmes. Bien qu’il constitue un outil de formation et de sensibilisation original, seul, il n’est pas suffisant pour saisir toute la complexité du phénomène en oeuvre et mener à un changement des comportements. Il apparait donc important dans de futures recherches de mieux appréhender le processus de formation et de procéder à une mesure longitudinale de l’apport du théâtre dans la formation à l’égalité femmes-hommes., The purpose of this article is to analyse corporate theatre-run diversity training examining gender equality in the workplace. It focuses on the first phase of the theatrical performance, namely the catalogue-proposed training scenes, performed by actor-trainers. The latter act out situations of gender inequality at work, with a view to preparing the second learning phase, dealing with stereotypes, analysis of behaviour displayed and possible solutions.The research seeks to understand how corporate theatre represents gender inequalities at work in the scenes introducing their diversity training. To answer this question, a qualitative methodology was chosen to expose the mechanisms at work in theatre training courses that support diversity management policies in organizations. In particular, it appears that these training courses focus on certain dimensions of gender equality, most often with a view to ensuring legal compliance, thus failing to take into account the complexity of the inequality phenomenon.This research shows how theatre functions according to a standard ideal and by exposing situations representative of the various barriers faced by women. However, while it is an original training tool for raising awareness, it is not enough on its own to grasp the full complexity of the phenomenon at work and change behaviour. It would therefore seem important in future research to better understand the training process and to measure in a longitudinal way the contribution of theatre training to gender equality.

International audience