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The article discusses innovative housing models for older women, emphasizing affordability and community connections to combat poverty and loneliness. It highlights resident-coordinated housing options like co-living and enhanced Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) as effective solutions. These models, rooted in traditional concepts, offer older women opportunities to age comfortably while fostering social connections and empowerment. The commentary calls for further research and community support to develop and sustain these housing models effectively. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Loneliness in older adults, exacerbated by widowhood, is a significant public health concern. While widowhood can lead to changes in living arrangements, its impact on loneliness may vary across cultural contexts. In Western societies, widowhood often results in older adults living alone, which can intensify feelings of loneliness. However, in China, the cultural norm of filial piety and multigenerational households may lead to different outcomes. As few studies have explored this connection over time, this research seeks to bridge this gap using data from older Chinese adults. Methods: Using 16 years of data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, which covers 21,986 individuals aged 65–104 years, we conducted causal mediation analysis to test if changes in living arrangements (i.e., living alone versus with children) serve as a mediator between widowhood and loneliness. The potential variation in this mediation effect by gender and age was also evaluated. Results: Spousal loss was associated with an increase in loneliness. However, living with adult children post-loss reduced this emotional strain compared to living alone. The mediating influence of living arrangements was notably stronger for women than men and intensified with age in long term. In the short term, the mediating impact of living arrangements is significantly greater, particularly for older adults under 80 years old. Conclusion: Alterations in living arrangements play a pivotal role in mediating the effects of widowhood on loneliness among China's older adults. Encouraging co-residence with adult children post-spousal loss, especially for older women and the eldest age groups, might mitigate social isolation. These insights both deepen our theoretical understanding and suggest interventions to enhance the well-being of widowed older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusion One in ten U.S. children lives with a grandparent, and more foster children are being placed in kinship care.Our objective was to compare early language and communication development and school readiness among children raised by grandparents (alone or in multigenerational households) to children raised by parents.We included in this cross‐sectional study children ages 1–5 years from the 2016–2020 National Survey of Children's Health to examine healthy and ready to learn school readiness outcomes and binary language and communication development (2018–2020 data only) by caregiver type (parent, multigenerational, and grandparent‐only) with survey‐weighted log‐binomial regression adjusted for confounders. We stratified by survey years pre‐COVID‐19 pandemic versus during.Among 33,342 children, 86.0% (SE = 0.51) of children were ‘On‐Track’ for language and communication development; only 37.2% (SE = 0.68) were ‘On‐Track’ overall for school readiness. Children raised by grandparents or in multigenerational households were more often ‘On‐Track’ for school readiness than children raised by parents, but only upon adjustment for covariates (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) for grandparent‐only 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11, 1.15; aPR for multigenerational 1.13, CI 1.12, 1.15). Smaller and less consistent differences in prevalence were observed for the other outcomes (language and communication development, school readiness domains of early learning skills, social–emotional development, self‐regulation development and physical well‐being and motor development). A disparity in school readiness may have emerged during the COVID‐19 pandemic; children in grandparent‐only households had a lower prevalence of being ‘On‐Track’ for school readiness (aPR 0.71, 95% CI 0.69, 0.73) compared to children in parent households, whereas children in multigenerational households continued to be more often school‐ready than children in parent households.Large proportions of children across caregiver types were not fully prepared for school. Consideration of key covariates is important because socio‐economic disadvantage may mask other advantages grandparent‐led and multigenerational households offer children's early development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dutch government implemented two changes to the taxation of intergenerational transfers aimed at mortgage down payments and prepayments. We identify the effects of these tax exemptions on prepayments and inter vivos transfers separately by taking advantage of the changes in policy design. The policy changes resulted in two expansions of tax‐exempt transfers, which increased the probability of receiving such transfers, translating into a modest increase in prepayments. Initially, the amounts prepaid increased by a similar magnitude, while the second policy change only resulted in an increase in the amounts being transferred but not the prepayments. The macroprudential policy goal was to reduce the number of underwater mortgages, but the policy was too generic and did not help to achieve this. The prepayments triggered by the policy change increased mostly for borrowers with low original loan‐to‐value ratios, implying that most transfers were made from wealthy parents to housing‐rich children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document discusses the limitations of commonly used household definitions in research studies and proposes a protocol for creating a more flexible and inclusive approach to identifying and describing households. The document presents two case studies, one focusing on mobility in Peru and the other on polygamy in Senegal, to illustrate how these household structures are often overlooked and how this can impact data collection and analysis. The proposed protocol includes considerations for household composition, distribution and movement, and resource sharing and ownership. The document emphasizes the need for researchers to explicitly incorporate these complexities in order to accurately capture households' interactions with their environment and resource management behaviors. The protocol aims to improve the transparency and credibility of environmental social science scholarship that uses household data. [Extracted from the article]

Background: With the trend of digitalization, social activities among the older population are becoming more diverse as they increasingly adopt technology-based alternatives. To gain a comprehensive understanding of social activities, this study aimed to identify the patterns of digital and in-person social activities among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea, examine the associated factors, and explore the difference in depressive symptoms by the identified latent social activity patterns. Methods: Data were extracted from a nationwide survey conducted with 1,016 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 68.0 ± 6.5 years, 47.8% male). The main variables assessed were digital social activities (eight items), in-person social activities (six items), and depressive symptoms (20 items). Data were analyzed using latent class analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and multiple linear regression. Results: We identified four distinct social activity patterns: "minimal in both digital and in-person" (22.0%), "moderate in both digital and in-person" (46.7%), "moderate in digital & very high in in-person" (14.5%), and "high in both digital and in-person" (16.8%). Younger age, living in multi-generational households, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "moderate in both digital and in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Younger age, male, living in multi-generational households, residing in metropolitan areas, no dependency on IADL items, doing daily physical exercise, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "moderate in digital & very high in in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Younger age, living in multi-generational households, no dependency on IADL items, doing daily physical exercise, and higher digital literacy were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the "high in both digital and in-person" than the "minimal in both digital and in-person" group. Depressive symptoms were significantly higher in the group with minimal engagement in both digital and in-person activities, compared to other three groups. Conclusions: This study highlights distinct patterns of social activities among Korean community-dwelling older adults. Since older adults with minimal social activity engagement can be more vulnerable to depressive symptoms, interventions that address modifiable attributes, such as supporting digital literacy and facilitating physical activity of older adults, could serve as potential strategies to enhance their social activity engagement and, consequently, their mental well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The authors investigate the potential early career consequences of parental coresidence for young men and whether they vary by duration of coresidence. Background: Young adult coresidence with parents is becoming more common, particularly since the Great Recession and the recent pandemic. Although many studies have investigated the factors that predict coresidence, few examine the consequences. Some prior research suggests that coresidence may directly reduce career opportunities and indirectly shape employment through its effects on mental health and family formation. Yet, the consequences may be milder if coresidence is short‐term. Method: Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, the authors examine the associations between parental coresidence after the age of 24 and employment status (n = 3915) and occupational standing (n = 3613) for young men in their early 30s in the United States. They explore how this association varies by the duration of coresidence, testing several model specifications and controlling for factors that select young men into parental coresidence. Results: Short‐term coresidence of about 1 year is marginally associated with an improved likelihood of full‐time employment, but longer‐term parental coresidence of 4 to 6 years is negatively associated with occupational standing. Conclusion: Parental coresidence may be beneficial for young men in their peak ages of career growth if it is only for a few years. However, just as long‐term unemployment can have a scarring effect on employment outcomes, long‐term parental coresidence might negatively impact career growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the accelerating pace of global aging, ambient assisted living (AAL) technology is expected to ease the conflict between medical supply and demand resources in long-term home care. The key to the general adoption of AAL technology is to capture the differentiated product demand of a consumer class that is heterogeneous in socio-demographics and preferences. In this study, we proposed a tailored technology acceptance model to examine the factors affecting AAL technology acceptance from multi-consumer perspectives based on a sample of 451 respondents obtaining the differences in influence paths of AAL technology acceptance for different consumer groups. Almost all subgroups regarded perceived usefulness as having a decisive role. Family caregivers, women, and single-generational households were more concerned about perceived ease of use than matched groups, and higher educated groups and multi-generational households took price value as the priority objective. This research provides guidelines for promoting AAL technology in management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores intergenerational co-residence, explicitly focusing on the decision-making factors of older adults and their adult children. While previous research has touched on this topic, only a few studies have truly evaluated the factors driving both generations’ willingness to embrace this living arrangement. This study systematically reviews the factors influencing older and younger adults’ willingness to live in intergenerational households. Systematic searches were conducted through five databases: CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus; all studies until September 2022. Of the 467 articles initially identified, 17 articles were retained for data extraction. Extracted data were divided into two groups: older people’s and adult children's perspectives. Data extraction revealed six factors influencing older adults’ decision to live with their children, encompassing financial circumstances, health conditions, kinship systems, marital status, level of education, and number of family members. Similarly, these factors are relevant for adult children, except for health conditions. The interconnection between these factors and their dynamics is contingent upon the specific context of each region’s population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We test whether the co-residence of older parents with their adult children of reproductive age increases the chance of them forming a multichild family. Using data from Wave X of the Luxembourg Wealth Study (LWS) and multinomial logistic regression, we model the number of children using the binary variable informing if there is an older household member (or not) as the main predictor and controlling for other socio-economic household attributes. Our data set covers 11 European countries. The results do not support the view that intergenerational households in which an elderly person lives include more children. Thus, we do not find evidence that the co-residence of two adult generations of pensioner parents and their working-age children translates into the households' fertility decisions and stimulates growth in the number of multichild families. What can affect it is the gender equality policy facilitating solving the motherhood–work conflict for families and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMindful of social norms shaping health among women pressured to prove early fertility in Nepal, a bi-national research team developed and piloted a 4-month intervention engaging household triads (newly married women, their husbands, and mothers-in-law) toward advancing gender equity, personal agency, and reproductive health. This study evaluates the impact on family planning and fertility decision-making.MethodsIn 2021, Sumadhur was piloted in six villages with 30 household triads (90 participants). Pre/post surveys of all participants were analyzed using paired sample nonparametric tests and in-depth interviews with a subset of 45 participants were transcribed and analyzed thematically.ResultsSumadhur significantly impacted (p

Background: Grandchild caring has positive as well as negative impact on the grandparents' psychological well-being and the findings are varied by culture and country. Methods: Present study was intended to understand the relationship between caring for grandchildren and psychological well-being of grandparents living in skipped (SGH) and multi-generational households (MGH) in Indian demographical context. The present research involved In-depth Interviews (IDI) focusing on grandparents above 60 and grandchildren below 18, where the elder played a crucial role in caregiving. The study area was Malda, a district of West Bengal in India. Purposively 24 IDIs were selected. Psychological well-being was measured using open-ended questions. Thematic and content analyses were adopted to understand the perspective of grandparents. Results: Most of the grandparents from SGH reported depression word frequently, while grandparents from MGH reported happy. In the content analysis, grandparents from SGH expressed tension, mental turmoil, and worry about grandchild's future. On the contrary, grandparents from MGH expressed happy, companionship, and worry about grandchild's future. Further, full time caring, compulsive reason behind grandchild caring, and working status were linked with living in SGH and grandchild caring, which were in turn connected with deteriorate psychological health. However, in MGH, a different scenario was observed, most grandparents were partially and non-compulsively engaged in grandchild caring and had expressed positive mental health. Conclusions: The Findings provide an intervention implication, particularly in the context of India's ageing population and their well-being by acknowledging the influence of household structure, caring intensity, motive behind grandchild caring, and working status on their psychological health. Understanding the importance of these key factors may help the policy maker and the individual to incorporate the most effective intervention to achieve sustainable development goal 3 and healthy ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rates of homelessness among adults aged 50 and over are rising. Common strategies for exiting homelessness rely on social and family support. However, intergenerational trauma may disrupt these social support networks and contribute to homelessness. Understanding the impact of intergenerational trauma on living with family or friends may give insight into addressing homelessness among older adults. We purposefully sampled 46 adults who reported living with family or friends from the HOPE HOME study cohort (350 community-recruited adults, ≥50 years and experiencing homelessness in Oakland, California) and 19 family/friends who had hosted the participants in their living spaces. We conducted independent, semi-structured interviews and used grounded theory methodologies to analyze data. We identified four major themes from the interviews: (1) Intergenerational trauma was common and made it difficult to stay with family or friends; (2) Participants and hosts sought to protect future generations from intergenerational trauma; (3) Relationships endured despite intergenerational trauma; and (4) social structures exacerbated the impact of intergenerational trauma and played a significant role in perpetuating homelessness. Trauma-informed policies that confront the structures that propagate or exacerbate intergenerational trauma may mitigate their impact and facilitate housing for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The paper aims to explore the elderly caregiving process in India from the perspective of both elderly as well as working women care providers, along with the challenges faced and the coping strategies adopted by them during the process. Methods: In-depth interviews with 48 participants (care providers and care receivers) from 25 multi-generational households were conducted in the slums of Mumbai and analysed using QSR-NVivo-10. Results: Working women care providers supported the needs of the dependent elderly along with performing household chores and paid work. However, the way the care was perceived and demanded, was not often same as delivered by the care providers. Care provider suffered silently with poor social, physical and emotional welling in absence of support system and lack of time. Sometimes, physically exhausted care providers unknowingly resorted to elderly abuse and neglect. At the same time, a bidirectional flow of support from elderly also existed in the form of childcare, household chores and financial support. Though caregiving overstrained the care providers, strong family ties, acknowledgement of the contributions of the elderly during their young days, and the desire to set a precedent for the young generation did not let them step back from their duties. The main coping mechanism for both care receivers and providers was largely centred around the notion of acceptance of their situation. Conclusion: Conversations between generations can help in enhancing family ties and reduce conflicts. The support of family and community can also ease the burden of caregiving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Just six decades ago, the world was experiencing remarkably high population growth rates, which led to the coining of the term 'demographic bomb' to describe concerns associated with population size. At the time, the global population was three billion. Since then, an extra billion people have been added every 12 years. However, the pre-eminent demographic challenge of the twenty-first century is population ageing, a global, irreversible and unprecedented trend. The number of people aged 65 and over has almost doubled since the turn of the century and currently accounts for 10% of the global population. An extra billion people are expected to age into the older category within the next 35 years. In Europe, half of the population is above 45 years of age, and the number of those above 65 years old is greater than the number of children under 15. Commonly referred to as the 'silver tsunami', it is feared that the increasing number of older people will have a destructive impact on economies and social systems. Never before have our lives been longer, our families smaller and our societies more multigenerational. The new reality of longevity requires a shift in how we approach ageing. This article explores ways to cope with the challenges of the silver era we are heading towards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study investigates preferences for family resource allocation on health in three‐generation families and examines whether reciprocity attitudes influence preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing lifetime health risk. Background: Empirical results of nonmarket valuation studies suggest that adults value improving their children's health more than their own. Such results are often explained by parental altruism, but self‐interest may also be involved. Method: A choice experiment valuation survey elicited respondents' preferences for lifetime risk reduction in coronary artery disease (CAD) and a psychometric scale assessed their reciprocal attitudes. Respondents were middle‐generation members of three‐generation households. To conduct the analysis a hybrid mixed logit model was used that enabled including psychological factors into a utility function derived from respondents' survey choices. Results: Reciprocal attitudes had distinct effects on the middle‐generation preferences for reducing family members' risk of CAD. The latent attitudes concerning reciprocity significantly affected the WTP for the health risk reduction for all family members. The impact of reciprocity on the valuation of CAD risk reduction for the respondent and the elderly parent was similar, but for the child, it was significantly higher. Conclusions: Parents' higher WTP for improving children's health, at least partially, reflects strategic decisions related to reciprocal beliefs. Reciprocity also affects the evaluation of health benefits for elderly parents and middle‐aged respondents themselves. Implications: These findings may have implications regarding the degree to which the so‐called "sandwich generation" can substitute for the government in the area of health and social care for the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a book titled "Family Life in the Time of COVID: International Perspectives." The book covers various international collaborations and provides insights into the impact of the pandemic on family life. It explores the relationship between family life and government policy, as well as social and health inequalities. The book also addresses issues such as the breakdown of public and private spheres, decolonizing research practice, lack of trust in government, and the moral responsibility of parenthood. Overall, it offers a comprehensive understanding of the experiences and challenges faced by families during the pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses changes in the private rental sector (PRS) in Australia, highlighting a significant long-term shift in the distribution of household incomes. Topics include the shortage of affordable private rental supply for lower-income households, with a national shortage of 348,000 dwellings in 2021 and 82% of Q1 PRS households facing unaffordable rents.

This article focuses on low-income Roma mothers in the Czech Republic. Drawing upon long-term fieldwork and qualitative interviews with these mothers, we show how mothering is formed, negotiated, and reproduced in the context of poverty. In particular, we analyze three characteristics of mothering that we identified in the research: othermothering, the creation of multigenerational households, and teen motherhood. We illuminate how low-income status is reproduced through motherhood and argue that while mothering is a highly individualized and subjective experience, it is also an experience that is substantially shaped by the welfare state and by structural forces and processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the lived experience of an intergenerational family, spanning three generations living with Facial Eye Disfigurement (FED). Living with vision loss and FED is estimated to affect nearly 8 billion people worldwide. Inadequate attention is paid to the impact of Living with FED (LwFED) on the lives of individuals. This research offers a deep dive into the lived experiences of one family LwFED. This family comprises a grandfather (deceased), son, wife, and child, all of whom have lived or live with FED. In this Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) study three interviewees are deemed the experts. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted by Zali who lives with FED. Our findings speak of childhood and subsequent issues living with FED (LwFED), family experiences of living with family members with FED while simultaneously LwFED themselves, shared stories and role modelling. We discuss LwFED healthily through the creation of a safe family space through acceptance, belonging, and support. We introduce and discuss the role of the eyelid, functioning versus nonfunctioning. We offer insights and understandings of an intergenerational family living with LwFED to advance research and inform practice within diverse fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines housework reallocation during China's stringent pandemic lockdowns in 2020, where individuals were homebound and job-free while employment status remained unchanged. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, it analyzes 1669 surveys and 100 interviews to understand changes in domestic labor patterns and the underlying reasons. The findings indicate that men increased their participation in grocery shopping but decreased in cooking, cleaning, and laundry during the lockdown. This gender-task pattern was mirrored in multi-generational households, where younger family members often took on these tasks. The reasons articulated for these shifts predominantly converged around the 'doing gender' theory. Women, particularly those working full-time, had more time to engage in household chores. Men, while also having more available time, predominantly focused on grocery shopping, a task that gained masculine connotations during the lockdown. Factors such as perceived differences in household labor quality, difficulty delegating housework, and reduced workload led to women's increased involvement and specialization in domestic tasks. The study challenges the notion that economic factors are the primary drivers of gender-based division of housework. Instead, it suggests that ingrained gender norms continue to dictate domestic roles, as evidenced during the lockdown period devoid of usual economic and time pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While increased access to household assets has been shown to improve older individuals' autonomy and bargaining power at home, the role of gender hierarchy in shaping differential impacts of household assets has received far less attention. This article explores the gender asymmetry in the association of older people's (age 60 years or more) decision-making power at home and survival probability with their ownership of and managerial control over agricultural land in rural India. Using data from the India Human Development Survey, results find that in multi-generational households, landownership at the household level is associated with higher decision-making power and survival probability for older men but not for older women. Among older women, the relationship between household landownership and decision-making power is positive when they have clearly established titles to the land or managerial control but negative when their names are not on the land title. HIGHLIGHTS Landownership is an important source of old age security in India. Agricultural land in India is typically controlled by the patriarch; women rarely own or control household land. The generational power conferred on older men with landownership does not apply to older women to the same degree. It is crucial to register household land under women's names and recognize women as actual landowners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research explored the individual contributions of grandparents, domestic workers, and preschool institutions in supporting maternal employment, yet few have examined them simultaneously. More importantly, the increasing diversity and multiplicity in childcare arrangement throughout different stages of childrearing has been largely overlooked. Utilizing data from the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD), this study examines the effects of diverse childcare combinations on women's labor supply from a life course perspective. Our findings reveal that mothers with younger children are considerably less likely to remain in the workforce and work fewer hours than their childless counterparts. Nevertheless, grandparental co-residence, outsourcing and center-based care can all significantly alleviate such motherhood penalty, albeit to different extents. Notably, during the initial years of motherhood, solely relying on either grandparental care or center-based care yields limited effects, but these options become advantageous for mothers when paired with assistance from domestic workers. These findings highlight the potential for policy interventions that directly subsidize parents for marketized approaches to childcare, particularly in societies experiencing a decline in multigenerational households and rising costs for formal childcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the problems associated with heirs' property ownership, particularly its insecure nature and the exploitation of African American, Latino, and other minority communities by real estate speculators using partition law. It discusses the significant property losses these communities have faced and the resulting multigenerational harm. It aimed at addressing these injustices and providing relief to heirs' property owners.

The phenomenon of three-generation households is typical in many homes across the world, though perhaps less so in North America and Western Europe. When multigeneration families share the same physical space and take part in the same activities, the dynamics of parenting, eating, how time is spent and allocated, and relationships differ from families in which only parents and their children live together. One of the main (relevant) differences is that in these multilingual families there is easy access to the learning of heritage languages and socialisation into and through them. As the article will demonstrate shortly, such ease is also accompanied by relational and relationship challenges which bear on the heritage language learning process. The article describes the language transmission efforts of three Arabic-speaking families in the United Kingdom to teach and use Arabic with their children at home. Data was collected in the form of audio-recorded interactions, family background forms and parental interviews. Interview data was analysed thematically, and interactional data was analysed from the perspective of interactional sociolinguistics. The data reveals that, in addition to parents, grandparents uniquely enhance not only the learning of Arabic but also the experience of learning it. Children have a direct opportunity to learn Arabic and its various, often rare, dialects with help from their monolingual grandparents. Relationship dynamics between parents, their own parents, their parents-in-law, and their own children appear to shape and be shaped by the explicit and implicit language beliefs and practices of family members. Grandparents seem to also contribute to children's emotional socialisation and their future beliefs of Arabic as an authentic means by which to express emotion. This is the first study to highlight the role grandparents play in the FLP of Arabic as a heritage language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the risk of poverty associated with age in the Basque Country from a life cycle perspective. Using data from the Poverty and Social Inequalities Survey of the Basque Government, the poverty risk experienced by different generations between 2008 and 2022 is estimated. It is highlighted that child and youth poverty rates have increased more than those of the rest of the population, and that the intergenerational gap in living conditions is particularly pronounced in the Basque Country. The longitudinal analysis allows us to understand the dynamics associated with the life cycle and evaluate the persistence of poverty over time and its impact on living conditions in adulthood. [Extracted from the article]

Using a new dataset combining the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and Understanding Society (UKHLS), this paper examines the current state of intergenerational income mobility in the UK. This extends previous evidence in several directions, with a focus on younger cohorts of individuals born between 1973 and 1992. I find evidence of considerable intergenerational persistence in the transmission of resources at the household level with an intergenerational elasticity of 0.26 and a rank coefficient of 0.30. This picture of mobility remains at the individual level and under a range of robustness tests that address traditional methodological concerns. While mobility is relatively low at the national level, I find meaningful differences in income mobility rates across the country. More generally, regions with lower income in the North of England display substantially lower levels of both relative and absolute income mobility than regions in the South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older people play a key role in intergenerational households across the developing world, including in caring for the children of migrants. However, research on 'translocal households' in Africa and Asia focuses almost exclusively on households headed by working-age husbands and wives and fails to substantially incorporate older people, whether as household heads or household members. This article presents findings from Kiboga District, Uganda on intrahousehold dynamics and wellbeing within translocal households containing older people and younger migrants. A relational approach is adopted to interrogate gendered notions of dependence, independence and interdependence within these intergenerational relationships. 'Translocal interdependencies' are found to underpin these households and are critical to the wellbeing of older people, migrants and their children. However, households are also diverse in character, occupying a 'spectrum of translocality' ranging from coherent, supportive translocal households, to those with less unified and less reliable—but often highly persistent—linkages between migrants and older people. Further, older women may overstate, and older men understate, the translocal support to which they have access, with important consequences for development programming targeted at older people. Debates about ageing and development need to reflect the key role played by older people within these gendered webs of translocal interdependence, while acknowledging and seeking to address the many challenges they face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deepens our understanding of kinship strategies in Fifteenth-century Granada in general and, in particular, among its ruling elite families. The newly accessible notarial documents from the hitherto ignored collection of the Archives of the Marquis of Santa Cruz contain a parchment with a donation and a sale contract produced by three generations of women from the legendary Banū al-Sarrāj (Abencerrajes) family. Through the analysis of this document, and of the context in which the Banū al-Sarrāj women lived and operated, the article argues that the ruling elite family in Granada at that time was a multi-generational household comprising relatives of consanguineal male and female descent and relatives by marriage. By studying the case of the Banū al-Sarrāj women from the perspective of this new document, it is possible to explore the reality of the ruling elite family, to distinguish between its branches and its head, and to deepen our understanding of family ties between various generations through the transfer of property and an understanding of the cohesion that existed between its women. An edition and a translation of the document are appended to the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The instability hypothesis proposes that family structure transitions lead to negative child outcomes through the pathway of stress. However, in many cases, family structure transitions are not associated with stress or negative child outcomes, suggesting that there are specific circumstances under which transitions are more or less stressful. Using five rounds of data (ages 1–15) from the Young Lives study (N = 8,062) which follows children and their caregivers in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam, we had two aims: (a) to test the instability hypothesis, and (b) to examine the specific circumstances under which family structure transitions lead to stress and worsened child physical health. First, we used multilevel mediation to assess whether financial stress mediated the link between family structure transitions and children's physical health. We then added household size, multigenerational household, and horizontally extended kin household as moderators to the family structure transition—financial stress relationship. We found that financial stress did not mediate the link between family structure transitions and children's physical health in any of the Young Lives countries. We found some moderated mediation effects for household size and multigenerational households in Peru and Vietnam, but effect sizes were small. These findings highlight the need to further unpack the instability hypothesis to understand the specific circumstances under which family structure transitions lead to stress and worsened child outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In university bilingual educator preparation programs, we frequently discuss issues across and around language, culture, and teaching. Topics inevitably emerge regarding the dialogue first generation college students have with their family members about maintaining the 'purity' of a language vis-à-vis navigating the waters of a translanguaging corriente [current]. In this article, we examine these perspectives after having witnessed a snapshot of this dialogue. In fall 2018, a group of Latin@ undergraduate bilingual pre-service teachers in our university Second Language Acquisition course invited their elders to class. Amidst food, music, tears, and risas, we were honored to enter into this robust conversation about the tension between the potential of translanguaging and the power of the idea of language 'purity.' While the professional field and course content offered students grounding in theory and pedagogy, parents offered personal and deeply felt convictions; both aimed to support and sustain Latin@ bilingual and immigrant identities. After sharing our thematic analysis of recordings of class conversations on that day and others, student reflections, and follow-up student interviews with elders, we discuss what these critical conversations mean to bilingual pre-service teachers and bilingual preparation programs in the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how the residential locations of extended family members influence residential (im)mobility behaviour in the urbanizing and industrializing context of China. It engages with how residential mobility as family adaptive strategies are structured by traditional family beliefs, welfare systems and structural modernization processes. For younger adults who have parents but no adult children, when they co-reside with their parents, they are more likely to move rather than staying put. But they usually move short distances within the county rather than outside the county. This mainly implies a process of moving out of the intergenerational households and establishing their independent households. The presence of their parents at the county scale also deters them from moving outside the county. These young adults seem to be bounded within the county by family ties. Besides, when they have siblings within the county, they are more likely to move outside the county than within the county; siblings near their parents may allow other siblings to move away for job and education opportunities, indicating a responsibility-sharing theory. For older adults who have young adult children but no living parents, they are more likely to move outside the county when their nearest adult child(ren) is outside the county, a strong implication of moving towards their adult children. For those who have both living parents and adult children, they are more likely to stay put or to move locally within the county, rather than moving out the county, when their parents are at the county scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Mindful of social norms shaping health among women pressured to prove early fertility in Nepal, a bi-national research team developed and piloted a 4-month intervention engaging household triads (newly married women, their husbands, and mothers-in-law) toward advancing gender equity, personal agency, and reproductive health. This study evaluates the impact on family planning and fertility decision-making. Methods In 2021, Sumadhur was piloted in six villages with 30 household triads (90 participants). Pre/post surveys of all participants were analyzed using paired sample nonparametric tests and in-depth interviews with a subset of 45 participants were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Results Sumadhur significantly impacted (p

Background: Within long-term care, a culture change (e.g. focus on increasing autonomy in everyday life) is leading to the development of innovative living arrangements for older adults. Insight into characteristics of innovative living arrangements, which are described as an alternative to regular nursing homes, is lacking. This review aims to provide an overview of innovative living arrangements and to describe their defining characteristics. Methods: A scoping review was performed following the framework of Arksey and O'Malley. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses with extension, for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was also followed. The databases PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched. Articles, published between 2012 and 2023 were included when they presented an innovative living arrangement as an alternative to regular nursing homes. A thematic analysis was performed, describing the physical, social, and organizational environment of the innovative living arrangements. Results: Fifty-six articles were identified describing seven types of distinct innovative living arrangements: small-scale living, the green house model, shared housing arrangements, green care farms, dementia villages, group homes, intergenerational living, and an 'other' category. The themes included supporting autonomy and creating a small-scale and/or homelike environment, which were emphasized in most innovative living arrangements. Other themes, such as involvement of the community, focus on nature, integration of work tasks, and involvement of family members, were emphasized in a subsection of the described living arrangements. Twenty-eight articles reported on the effects of the innovative living environment on residents, family members, or staff members. Most articles (N = 22) studied resident-related outcomes, focusing mainly on quality of life and aspects of daily life. Conclusion: More insight into the mechanisms of the social and organizational environments is needed, which may lead to greater transparency and homogeneity regarding the description of living arrangements. This review shows that more knowledge is needed about the potential key elements of innovative living arrangements, especially related to their social and organizational environment. This may provide a better guide for developers within long-term care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative importance of different background characteristics of the 256 older adults (148males, and 108 females), sixty years and above, in determining their co-residence with married children. The analysis of data revealed that elderly people with higher age, widowed elderly, and elderly assess their health as 'unhealthy' and have a higher chance to live with married children. Aged women are less likely to live with married children than elderly men, and income has no effect on living arrangements. However, the ownership of the house is likely to increase the possibility of living with married children only in the case of elderly women but not in the case of elderly men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examines long‐term trajectories of intergenerational coresidence (IC) among a cohort of individuals aged 65 and 75 in Chile, focusing on their diversity, prevalence, internal dynamism, and sociodemographic characteristics. Background: IC is comparatively high in Latin America and is related to both family norms and social vulnerabilities. However, empirical evidence on this topic comes mostly from cross‐sectional studies using aggregated population data, which neglect the inherently dynamic nature of coresidential arrangements across the life course. Method: We use representative life‐history data in Santiago, Chile (N = 802), sequence analysis to reconstruct long‐term trajectories, and bivariate analysis to examine their associations with sociodemographic factors. Results: Our findings show that, first, IC in Chile may be more prevalent and diverse than suggested in previous cross‐sectional studies. Second, our findings indicate patterns of long‐term IC and stable conjugal cohabitation are compatible. Third, the results shed new light on the association of IC with particular sociodemographic groups. Conclusion: This study analyzed patterns of living arrangements among family members based both on intergenerational and conjugal cohabitation and their dynamic character throughout the life course. Our results challenge interpretations of contemporary living arrangements among family members at an international level. Implications: This study shows that IC in Chile has been largely underrepresented, both in magnitude and heterogeneity. This finding informs public policies about the reality of family configurations that require specific care, housing, and financial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the extent to which the household living arrangements of older adults influences their experiences of material hardship. Using data from the 2014 Panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we run linear probability models with individual fixed effects to estimate the likelihood that a change in living arrangements predicts a change in food insecurity, housing hardship and utility hardship. Although household living arrangements are associated with reports of material hardship for older adults, individual fixed effect models point to a reduced role for the change in living arrangements on the change in the probability of experiencing material hardship. For older adults, we find that moving into a non-family household increases the risk of housing hardship. This study illustrates how the risk of material hardship related to family living arrangements changes over the life course. We call for increased attention to the risk of material hardship for older adults living alone, those in multigenerational living arrangements, and non-family households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explored the lived experiences that contribute to plurilingualism and pluricultural identity for three young adults. The research focused on the shared stories of the participants in regard to their language, culture, and identity. The timeline for the study was over various segments of the primary participant's life. As a young adult, she explored her plurilingual and pluricultural identity through semistructured interviews and stimulated recall (SR). Data for the other two participants were collected over a three-month period through semistructured interviews. At the conclusion of the interviews, data were analysed through the use of thematic analysis. The themes explored were: family; language; and identity. The study found that positive relationships with family and extended family present in the home was a significant factor in the development of plurilingual and cultural identity for all three participants. Greater linguistic ability did not necessarily lead to greater language confidence, nor greater plurilingual self-identification. While the study allowed for a detailed view into which experiences impacted on the development of plurilingual and pluricultural identification, more attention to plurilingualism is needed in order to further develop the research concerning the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]