294 results on '"Hwa Jeong, Lee"'
Search Results
2. Optimizing Outcomes: Bevacizumab with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in 5110 Ovarian Cancer Patients—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Yu Jin Kim, Hee Min Lee, Ga Eun Lee, Jin Hui Yoo, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Sandy Jeong Rhie
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ovarian cancer ,chemotherapy ,carboplatin ,paclitaxel ,bevacizumab ,efficacy ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background/Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of incorporating bevacizumab into the combination therapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel for epithelial ovarian cancer and other clinical applications. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines using keyword searches in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ICTRP until February 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing carboplatin and paclitaxel with and without bevacizumab in ovarian cancer patients were included. Efficacy outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), as described by hazard ratios (HRs). Safety outcomes were analyzed with risk ratios (RRs) for 16 adverse events. Results: Seven RCTs (n = 5110) were included. The combination with bevacizumab significantly improved PFS (HR: 0.73; 95% confidence interval: 0.58, 0.92; p = 0.008). The chemotherapy group receiving bevacizumab with carboplatin and paclitaxel showed a significantly higher incidence of hypertension, non-CNS bleeding, thromboembolic events, GI perforation, pain, and proteinuria. Conclusions: The combination of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab improves PFS compared to the regimen without bevacizumab, but it raises significant safety concerns. Clinical management should consider adverse event prevention by vigilantly monitoring blood pressure, signs and symptoms of bleeding, thromboembolism, GI perforation, and pain to balance the therapeutic benefits with the potential risks of this combination therapy.
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- 2024
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3. BEAR: A Novel Virtual Screening Method Based on Large-Scale Bioactivity Data.
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Yeajee Kwon, Sera Park, Jaeok Lee, Jiyeon Kang, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Wan Kyu Kim
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- 2023
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4. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling of 2,4-disubstituted-5-(6-alkylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles as ALK5 inhibitors
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Myoung-Soon Park, Hyun-Ju Park, Young Jae An, Joon Hun Choi, Geunyoung Cha, Hwa Jeong Lee, So-Jung Park, Purushottam M. Dewang, and Dae-Kee Kim
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2,4-disubstituted-5-(6-alkylpyridin-2-yl)-1h-imidazoles ,alk5 inhibition ,cancer immunotherapeutic agent ,docking ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
A series of 2,4-disubstituted-5-(6-alkylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles, 7a–c, 11a–h, and 16a–h has been synthesised and evaluated for their ALK5 inhibitory activity in an enzyme assay and in a cell-based luciferase reporter assay. Incorporation of a quinoxalin-6-yl moiety and a methylene linker at the 4- and 2-position of the imidazole ring, respectively, and a m-CONH2 substituent in the phenyl ring generated a highly potent and selective ALK5 inhibitor 11e. Docking model of ALK5 in complex with 11e showed that it fitted well in the ATP-binding pocket with favourable interactions.
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- 2020
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5. Discovery of (E)-3-(3-((2-Cyano-4′-dimethylaminobiphenyl-4-ylmethyl)cyclohexanecarbonylamino)-5-fluorophenyl)acrylic Acid Methyl Ester, an Intestine-Specific, FXR Partial Agonist for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
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Soyeon Shim, Maddeboina Krishnaiah, Madhusudana Reddy Sankham, Inha Kim, Yoseob Lee, Irin Shin, A Reum Oh, Hwa Jeong Lee, Thi Ngoc Lan Vu, Jongmi Park, Sun Choi, Seojeong Park, Youngjoo Kwon, Sungsoon Fang, and Dae-Kee Kim
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Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine - Published
- 2022
6. Deciduoma, a Large Intrauterine Mass of Deciduosis
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Megha Dasani, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Asha Rijhsinghani
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intrauterine mass ,placenta ,deciduoma ,ectopic uterine tissue ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Deciduosis is the presence of ectopic decidual tissue outside the uterus, pelvic, or abdominal organs usually associated with pregnancy. It usually presents as smaller lesions but can be larger vascular lesions. Typically, these masses are detected incidentally during operative procedures. Our patient was referred at 14 weeks for a large intrauterine mass detected on ultrasound examination that was initially thought to be an acardiac twin. The mass was highly vascularized. However, since the patient was asymptomatic, she strongly desired to continue the pregnancy. The pregnancy was followed closely from 14 to 39 weeks with serial ultrasound examinations. The vascularity was documented to diminish overtime and the mass appeared to convolute as well. Due to the decrease in vascularity of the mass, the patient was allowed spontaneous vaginal delivery at term. Following delivery of the fetus and the placenta, the mass was easily extracted manually without any complications.
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- 2019
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7. Drug-Like Small Molecule HSP27 Functional Inhibitor Sensitizes Lung Cancer Cells to Gefitinib or Cisplatin by Inducing Altered Cross-Linked Hsp27 Dimers
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Hawon Yoo, Seul-Ki Choi, Jaeok Lee, So Hyeon Park, You Na Park, Soo-Yeon Hwang, Jae-Ho Shin, Younghwa Na, Youngjoo Kwon, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Yun-Sil Lee
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NSCLC ,HSP27 ,heat shock protein ,NA49 ,HSP27 inhibitor ,drug resistance ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Relationships between heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and cancer aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance, and poor patient outcomes in various cancer types including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were reported, and inhibition of HSP27 expression is suggested to be a possible strategy for cancer therapy. Unlike HSP90 or HSP70, HSP27 does not have an ATP-binding pocket, and no effective HSP27 inhibitors have been identified. Previously, NSCLC cancer cells were sensitized to radiation and chemotherapy when co-treated with small molecule HSP27 functional inhibitors such as zerumbone (ZER), SW15, and J2 that can induce abnormal cross-linked HSP27 dimer. In this study, cancer inhibition effects of NA49, a chromenone compound with better solubility, longer circulation time, and less toxicity than J2, were examined in combination with anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and gefitinib in NSCLC cell lines. When the cytotoxic drug cisplatin was treated in combination with NA49 in epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) WT cell lines, sensitization was induced in an HSP27 expression-dependent manner. With gefitinib treatment, NA49 showed increased combination effects in both EGFR WT and Mut cell lines, also with HSP27 expression-dependent patterns. Moreover, NA49 induced sensitization in EGFR Mut cells with a secondary mutation of T790M when combined with gefitinib. Augmented tumor growth inhibition was shown with the combination of cisplatin or gefitinib and NA49 in nude mouse xenograft models. These results suggest the combination of HSP27 inhibitor NA49 and anticancer agents as a candidate for overcoming HSP27-mediated drug resistance in NSCLC patients.
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- 2021
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8. Quantification of Teicoplanin Using the HPLC-UV Method for Clinical Applications in Critically Ill Patients in Korea
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Jaeok Lee, Eun-Kyoung Chung, Sung-Wook Kang, Hwa-Jeong Lee, and Sandy-Jeong Rhie
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teicoplanin ,polymyxin B ,HPLC-UV ,internal standard ,human plasma ,clinical application ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) method has been used to quantify teicoplanin concentrations in human plasma. However, the limited analytical accuracy of previously bioanalytical methods for teicoplanin has given rise to uncertainty due to the use of an external standard. In this study, an internal standard (IS), polymyxin B, was applied to devise a precise, accurate, and feasible HPLC-UV method. The deproteinized plasma sample containing teicoplanin and an IS of acetonitrile was chromatographed on a C18 column with an acidic mobile phase consisting of NaH2PO4 buffer and acetonitrile (78:22, v/v) by isocratic elution and detection at 220 nm. The linearity was in the range 7.8–500 mg/L calculated by the ratio of the teicoplanin signal to the IS signal. This analytical method, validated by FDA guidelines with ICH Q2 (R1), was successfully applied to analyze the plasma samples of patients in the intensive care unit for treating serious resistant bacterial infectious diseases, such as those by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The methods suggested the potential for use in routine clinical practice for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin, providing both improved accuracy and a wide range of linearity from lower than steady-state trough concentrations (10 mg/L) to much higher concentrations.
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- 2021
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9. Dual Inhibition of P-gp and BCRP Improves Oral Topotecan Bioavailability in Rodents
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Jaeok Lee, Jiyeon Kang, Na-Yun Kwon, Aneesh Sivaraman, Ravi Naik, So-Young Jin, A. Reum Oh, Jae-Ho Shin, Younghwa Na, Kyeong Lee, and Hwa-Jeong Lee
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P-gp and BCRP dual inhibition ,topotecan ,excipient ,oral bioavailability ,pharmacokinetics ,tumor growth ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition has been studied to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy but failed in clinical trials due to low/toxic effects. Recently, a dual modulation of transporters and natural derivatives have been examined to surmount this limitation. We examined breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibition in vitro and in vivo by P-gp inhibitors derived from natural compounds in previous studies. P-gp inhibitors increased the accumulation of the anticancer drug, topotecan (TPT)—a substrate of P-gp and BCRP, albeit with higher affinity for BCRP—in BCRP-overexpressing cells, resulting in cell death. These dual inhibitors, when orally co-administered with TPT, enhanced TPT bioavailability with slightly reduced total oral clearance (Clt/F) in rats. In xenograft mice, they strengthened oral TPT-induced tumor reduction with no alterations in body weight. Moreover, we investigated the effects of an oral drug formulation (Cremophor® EL, Tween® 80, and polyethylene glycol 400) on the transporters function. The excipients increased TPT accumulation in P-gp- or BCRP-overexpressing cells. Oral TPT bioavailability was higher with the formulation than with a control, as shown by the increases in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from zero to infinity (AUCINF) (p< 0.01). Therefore, oral TPT bioavailability was enhanced by P-gp/BCRP dual inhibition, which resulted in a formulation-mediated increase in absorption and decrease in elimination, and a dual inhibitor-mediated decrease in elimination. These results suggest that the combination of dual inhibition by a natural derivative and the drug formulation can be a useful clinical approach.
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- 2021
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10. NOAEL cancer therapy: a tumor targetable docetaxel-inorganic polymer nanohybrid prevents drug-induced neutropenia
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Geun-Woo Jin, Goeun Choi, Huiyan Piao, N. Sanoj Rejinold, Shunsuke Asahina, Soo-Jin Choi, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Jin-Ho Choy
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Biomedical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine - Abstract
To date, cancer therapies largely consist of five pillars: surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Still, researchers are trying to innovate the current cancer therapies to pursue an ideal one without side effects. For developing such a therapy, we designed a chemically well-defined route to a PEG- and docetaxel (DTX)-conjugated inorganic polymer, polyphosphazene, named "polytaxel (PTX)" with a prolonged blood circulation time and tumor localization. Here, we conducted the proof-of-concept study of the ideal therapy in orthotopic and xenograft pancreatic cancer models. We found that the average tumor inhibition rates of PTX were similar to those of DTX without any DTX toxicity-related side effects, such as neutropenia and weight loss. In conclusion, PTX met the requirements of an ideal anticancer drug with high anticancer efficacy and 100% survival rate. PTX is expected to replace any existing anticancer therapies in clinical practice.
- Published
- 2022
11. Quantum knots and the number of knot mosaics.
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Seungsang Oh, Kyungpyo Hong, Ho Lee, and Hwa Jeong Lee
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- 2015
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12. Pharmacokinetic Alteration of Paclitaxel by Ferulic Acid Derivative
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Jaeok Lee, Song Wha Chae, LianJi Ma, So Yeon Lim, Sarah Alnajjar, Hea-Young Park Choo, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Sandy Jeong Rhie
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ferulic acid derivatives ,p-glycoprotein ,elimination ,pharmacokinetics ,bioavailability ,paclitaxel ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to be involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) and modulation of pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of substrate drugs. Here, we studied the effects of synthesized ferulic acid (FA) derivatives on P-gp function in vitro and examined PK alteration of paclitaxel (PTX), a well-known P-gp substrate drug by the derivative. Compound 5c, the FA derivative chosen as a significant P-gp inhibitor among eight FA candidates by in vitro results, increased PTX AUCinf as much as twofold versus the control by reducing PTX elimination in rats. These results suggest that FA derivative can increase PTX bioavailability by inhibiting P-gp existing in eliminating organs.
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- 2019
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13. Anticancer Activity of Periplanetasin-5, an Antimicrobial Peptide from the Cockroach Periplaneta americana
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Mi-Ae Kim, In-Woo Kim, Ra-Yeong Choi, Jae Sam Hwang, Iksoo Kim, Seong Hyun Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Joon Ha Lee, and Minchul Seo
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biology ,Cell growth ,Chemistry ,Poly ADP ribose polymerase ,Cytochrome c ,Acridine orange ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Molecular biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Apoptosis ,biology.protein ,DNA fragmentation ,Biotechnology ,Periplaneta ,K562 cells - Abstract
Cockroaches live in places where various pathogens exist. Thus, they are more likely to use antimicrobial compounds to defend against pathogen intrusions. We previously performed an in silico analysis of the Periplaneta americana transcriptome and detected periplanetasin-5 using an in silico antimicrobial peptide prediction method. In this study, we investigated whether periplanetasin-5 has anticancer activity against the human leukemia cell line K562. Cell growth and survival of K562 cells treated with periplanetasin-5 were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. By using flow cytometric analysis, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, and DNA fragmentation, we found that periplanetasin-5 induced apoptotic and necrotic cell death in leukemia cells. In addition, these events were associated with increased levels of the proapoptotic proteins Fas and cytochrome c and reduced levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Periplanetasin-5 induces the cleavage of pro-caspase-9, pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The above data suggest that periplanetasin-5 induces apoptosis via both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Furthermore, caspase-related apoptosis was further confirmed by using the caspase inhibitor carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-FMK), which reversed the periplanetasin-5-induced reduction in cell viability. In conclusion, periplanetasin-5 caused apoptosis in leukemia cells, suggesting its potential utility as an anticancer therapeutic agent.
- Published
- 2021
14. Biomedical Applications of Magnetically Functionalized Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanofibers
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Hwa-Jeong Lee, Sang Joon Lee, Saji Uthaman, Reju George Thomas, Hoon Hyun, Yong Yeon Jeong, Chong-Su Cho, and In-Kyu Park
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nanofibers ,magnetic nanoparticles ,electrospinning ,tissue engineering ,Cancer therapy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Nanofibers are one-dimensional nanomaterial in fiber form with diameter less than 1 µm and an aspect ratio (length/diameter) larger than 100:1. Among the different types of nanoparticle-loaded nanofiber systems, nanofibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles have gained much attention from biomedical scientists due to a synergistic effect obtained from the unique properties of both the nanofibers and magnetic nanoparticles. These magnetic nanoparticle-encapsulated or -embedded nanofiber systems can be used not only for imaging purposes but also for therapy. In this review, we focused on recent advances in nanofibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles, their biomedical applications, and future trends in the application of these nanofibers.
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- 2015
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15. Discovery of (
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Soyeon, Shim, Maddeboina, Krishnaiah, Madhusudana Reddy, Sankham, Inha, Kim, Yoseob, Lee, Irin, Shin, A Reum, Oh, Hwa Jeong, Lee, Thi Ngoc Lan, Vu, Jongmi, Park, Sun, Choi, Seojeong, Park, Youngjoo, Kwon, Sungsoon, Fang, and Dae-Kee, Kim
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Bile Acids and Salts ,Intestines ,Mice ,Acrylates ,Liver ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Animals ,Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ,Esters ,Rats - Abstract
A series of fexaramine analogs were synthesized and evaluated to develop an intestine-selective/specific FXR partial agonist. Introduction of both a CN substituent at the C-2 in the biphenyl ring and a fluorine at the C-5 in the aniline ring in fexaramine markedly increased FXR agonistic activity.
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- 2022
16. Pharmacokinetic Study of NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor Ewha-18278, a Pyrazole Derivative
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Seul Gee Lee, Jaeok Lee, Kyung Min Kim, Kee-In Lee, Yun Soo Bae, and Hwa Jeong Lee
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pharmacokinetics ,human applicable formulation ,pyrazole derivative ,NOX1/2/4 inhibitor ,osteoporosis ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
In a previous study, the specific NOX1/2/4 inhibitor Ewha-18278 was confirmed as a possible treatment for osteoporosis both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the compound by intravenous (IV) and oral administrations to rats. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-based and diazepam injection-based formulations were used to dissolve the compound. In the latter formulation applicable to humans, the changes in PK parameters were monitored at two different concentrations (1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL). The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero time to infinity (AUCinf) of Ewha-18278 was highest in the DMSO-based formulation (2 mg/mL). Also, the concentration was increased 1.6-fold at the low concentration of the diazepam injection-based formulation compared to the high concentration. There was no statistical significance in the AUCinf of the compound between DMSO-based formulation (2 mg/mL) and diazepam injection-based formulation (1 mg/mL). These results suggest that Ewha-18278 can be delivered to humans by both IV and oral routes. In addition, the diazepam injection-based formulation of Ewha-18278 appears to be a suitable candidate for dosage development for future toxicity test and clinical trial.
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- 2019
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17. Effects of Piperazine Derivative on Paclitaxel Pharmacokinetics
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Jaeok Lee, Song Wha Chae, A Reum Oh, Ji Hye Yoo, Hea-Young Park Choo, Sandy Jeong Rhie, and Hwa Jeong Lee
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piperazine derivatives ,P-glycoprotein inhibitor ,pharmacokinetics ,bioavailability ,paclitaxel ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is an anticancer agent that is used to treat many cancers but it has a very low oral bioavailability due, at least in part, to the drug efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Therefore, this study was performed to enhance oral bioavailability of PTX. In this study, we investigated the effects of several piperazine derivatives on P-gp function in vitro. Compound 4 was selected as the most potent P-gp inhibitor from the in vitro results for examining the pharmacokinetic (PK) changes of PTX in rats. Compound 4 increased the AUCinf of PTX without alterations in the Cmax value. The elimination half-life was extended and the oral clearance decreased. Additionally, the Tmax was delayed or widened in the treatment groups. Therefore, the bioavailability (BA) of PTX was improved 2.1-fold following the co-administration of 5 mg/kg of the derivative. A piperazine derivative, compound 4, which was confirmed as a substantial P-gp inhibitor in vitro increased the BA of PTX up to 2-fold by a lingering absorption, in part due to inhibition of intestinal P-gp and a low oral clearance of PTX. These results suggest that co-administering compound 4 may change the PK profile of PTX by inhibiting P-gp activity in the body.
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- 2019
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18. Optimization, validation, and comparison of a rapid method for the quantification of insulin‐like growth factor 1 in serum using liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry
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Jisoo Park, Oh Seung Kwon, Changmin Sung, Minyoung Kim, Yoondam Seo, Hophil Min, and Hwa Jeong Lee
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medicine.medical_treatment ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Common method ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Insulin-like growth factor ,0302 clinical medicine ,Limit of Detection ,medicine ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Spectroscopy ,Doping in Sports ,Detection limit ,Reproducibility ,Immunoradiometric assay ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Linearity ,Method of analysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,Substance Abuse Detection - Abstract
Human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) is the primary mediator of the effects of the growth hormone (GH). Therefore, it has been used as a biomarker to detect the abuse of GH in sports. The measurement of IGF-I relies on mass-based and immunological approaches to analysis. Among the mass-based analysis methods, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has a number of functional advantages. LC-MS measurements based on the quantification of IGF-I, according to trypsin digestion, are used in the most common method of analyzing doping. However, this method is time-consuming and subject to experimental variability. In this study, we optimized a rapid method for detecting IGF-I without the trypsin digestion step. This method of analysis uses an ultra-centrifugal filter and an LC-HRMS through narrow-range mass scan method. To verify the validity of this method, eight categories of validation testing were applied with the following results: linearity, R2 > 0.99; limit of detection, 15 ng/ml; limit of quantification, 20 ng/ml; accuracy, >99%; recovery rate, >95%; carryover
- Published
- 2020
19. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Antimicrobial Peptide Periplanetasin-5 Derived from the Cockroach Periplaneta americana
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In-Woo Kim, Joon Ha Lee, Minchul Seo, Sung Hyun Kim, Minhee Baek, Hwa Jeong Lee, Mi-Ae Kim, Yong Pyo Shin, Jae Sam Hwang, and Iksoo Kim
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0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Peptide ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Anti-inflammatory ,Microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytokine ,010608 biotechnology ,medicine ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Cytotoxicity ,Biotechnology ,Periplaneta - Abstract
Previously, we performed an in silico analysis of the Periplaneta americana transcriptome. Antimicrobial peptide candidates were selected using an in silico antimicrobial peptide prediction method. It was found that periplanetasin-5 had antimicrobial activity against yeast and grampositive and gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activities of periplanetasin-5 in mouse macrophage Raw264.7 cells. No cytotoxicity was observed at 60 μg/ml periplanetasin-5, and treatment decreased nitric oxide production in Raw264.7 cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that periplanetasin-5 reduced cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6) expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells. Periplanetasin-5 controlled inflammation by inhibiting phosphorylation of MAPKs, an inflammatory signaling element, and reducing the degradation of IκB. Through LAL assay, LPS toxicity was found to decrease in a periplanetasin-5 dose-dependent manner. Collectively, these data showed that periplanetasin-5 had antiinflammatory activities, exemplified in LPS-exposed Raw264.7 cells. Thus, we have provided a potentially useful antibacterial peptide candidate with anti-inflammatory activities.
- Published
- 2020
20. Tattoo-only nipple-areola complex reconstruction: Another option for plastic surgeons
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Eun Key Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Jin Geun Kwon, and Han Gyu Cha
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mammaplasty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030230 surgery ,Job Satisfaction ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patient satisfaction ,Adjuvant therapy ,Humans ,Medicine ,Surgery, Plastic ,Nipple reconstruction ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Tattooing ,business.industry ,Nipple areola complex ,Middle Aged ,Surgery ,Radiation therapy ,Patient Satisfaction ,Nipples ,Female ,Implant ,business ,Breast reconstruction ,Mastectomy - Abstract
Summary Background Total breast reconstruction involves a long process consisting of mastectomy, breast reconstruction, and adjuvant therapy. For various reasons, some patients refuse the final step of nipple-areola reconstruction. Some patients have potential risk factors for poor outcome after undergoing conventional techniques. We have performed tattoo-only nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction in these situations and accomplished satisfactory results for both patients and surgeons. Methods Ninety-five patients who underwent NAC reconstruction between October 2017 and June 2018 were included. We retrospectively evaluated the breast reconstruction timing and type, history of a secondary breast procedure or other operations, history of adjuvant therapy, reasons for performing a tattoo-only procedure, and average operative time. Overall patient satisfaction was assessed and compared. Results Twenty patients (21%) underwent tattoo-only NAC reconstruction. The main reasons for performing the tattoo-only technique were patient reluctance to undergo another operation, thin and/or tight breast skin in patients with implant-based reconstruction, radiation therapy after implant-based reconstruction, adverse chemotherapy effects, scar across the central breast mound, and smoking habit. The average time for tattooing was 29 min (range, 15–45 min). The average overall satisfaction score was 8.1 on a 10-point scale, which was significantly the highest compared with that of other techniques. Conclusion The tattoo-only NAC reconstruction technique is an essential option to consider and utilize in selected patients who refuse another nipple reconstruction operation for various reasons. Moreover, tattoo-only NAC reconstruction has distinct advantages for patients with potential risk factors and poor outcome after conventional NAC reconstruction.
- Published
- 2020
21. 데이터센터 서버의 전력사용량 패턴 기반 전력절감 관리시스템의 구현
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HyunJu Kim, Min-Yong Jung, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Kim Chang Geun
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Consumption (economics) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Management system ,Power saving ,Context awareness ,Monitoring system ,Data center ,business ,Power usage ,Reliability engineering - Published
- 2020
22. COVID-19 drugs: potential interaction with ATP-binding cassette transporters P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein
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Jaeok Lee, Jihye Kim, Jiyeon Kang, and Hwa Jeong Lee
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Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has resulted in acute respiratory distress, fatal systemic manifestations (extrapulmonary as well as pulmonary), and premature mortality among many patients. Therapy for COVID-19 has focused on the treatment of symptoms and of acute inflammation (cytokine storm) and the prevention of viral infection. Although the mechanism of COVID-19 is not fully understood, potential clinical targets have been identified for pharmacological, immunological, and vaccinal approaches.Pharmacological approaches including drug repositioning have been a priority for initial COVID-19 therapy due to the time-consuming nature of the vaccine development process. COVID-19 drugs have been shown to manage the antiviral infection cycle (cell entry and replication of proteins and genomic RNA) and anti-inflammation. In this review, we evaluated the interaction of current COVID-19 drugs with two ATP-binding cassette transporters [P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)] and potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) among COVID-19 drugs, especially those associated with P-gp and BCRP efflux transporters.Overall, understanding the pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic DDIs of COVID-19 drugs can be useful for pharmacological therapy in COVID-19 patients.
- Published
- 2022
23. Occurrence and risk assessment of sterigmatocystin in agricultural products and processed foods in Korea
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Young Woon Kang, Su-Kyoung Baek, Minji Choi, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Yong Eui Koo
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Sterigmatocystin ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Agriculture ,Food Contamination ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Toxicology ,Risk Assessment ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Republic of Korea ,Food Analysis ,Food Science ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Sterigmatocystin (STC), a carcinogenic mycotoxin, is known to be produced during the biosynthetic pathway of aflatoxin B
- Published
- 2022
24. Minimal grid diagrams of the prime alternating knots with 12 crossings
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Gyo Taek Jin and Hwa Jeong Lee
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Mathematics - Geometric Topology ,Algebra and Number Theory ,FOS: Mathematics ,Geometric Topology (math.GT) ,57K10, 57K18 ,Mathematics::Geometric Topology - Abstract
In this article, we give a list of minimal grid diagrams of the 12 crossing prime alternating knots. This is a continuation of the work in https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218216520500765, Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, 1288 grid diagrams, submitted to the Special Issue of JKTR in Memory of Vaughan Jones
- Published
- 2022
25. Comparison between laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy and laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for overweight patients with early gastric cancer
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Hwa-Jeong Lee, Khalid Mohammed Alzahrani, Sa-Ra Kim, Ji-Hyun Park, Yun-Suhk Suh, Do-Joong Park, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Han-Kwang Yang, and Seong-Ho Kong
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Surgery - Published
- 2023
26. Structural Requirements of 1-(2-Pyridinyl)-5-pyrazolones for Disproportionation of Boronic Acids
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Venkata Subbaiah Sadu, Yo-Han Han, Joungmo Cho, Hwa Jeong Lee, Kee-In Lee, and Yunsoo Bae
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Base (chemistry) ,Pharmaceutical Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Organic chemistry ,Disproportionation ,[N,O]-bidentate ligand ,1-(2-pyridinyl)-5-pyrazolone ,Pyrazole ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,four-coordinate boron(III) complex ,QD241-441 ,Drug Discovery ,base ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Boron ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,arylboronic acid ,Combinatorial chemistry ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Molecular Medicine ,Pyrazolones ,diarylborination ,Boronic acid - Abstract
We observed an unusual formation of four-coordinate boron(III) complexes from the reaction of 1-(2-pyridinyl)-5-pyrazolone derivatives with arylboronic acids in the basic media. The exact mechanism is not clear, however, the use of unprotected boronic acid and the presence of a bidentate ligand appeared to be the key structural requirements for the transformation. The results suggest that base-promoted disproportionation of arylboronic acid with the assistance of the [N,O]-bidentate ligation of 1-(2-pyridinyl)-5-pyrazolone should take place and facilitate the formation of pyrazole diarylborinate. Experiments to obtain a deeper understanding of its mechanism are currently underway.
- Published
- 2021
27. Discovery of a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, (E)-3-cyclohexyl-5-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)benzylidene)-1-methyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-oneone, as a novel therapeutic for Parkinson's disease
- Author
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Seunghwan Shim, Da Un Jeong, Hyemi Kim, Chae Yun Kim, Hyejun Park, Yinglan Jin, Kyung Min Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Dong Hwan Kim, Yun Soo Bae, and Yongseok Choi
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Inflammation ,Lipopolysaccharides ,Pharmacology ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Organic Chemistry ,NADPH Oxidases ,Parkinson Disease ,General Medicine ,Imidazolidines ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Antiparkinson Agents ,Mice ,Disease Models, Animal ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Microglia ,Enzyme Inhibitors - Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicated that generation of NADPH oxidase (Nox)-mediated reactive oxygen species are associated with neuronal inflammation, leading to Parkinson's disease (PD). Novel benzylidene-1-methyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-one derivatives as Nox inhibitors were designed and synthesized in order to increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability to target Nox in brain cells. In lucigenin chemiluminescence assay, eight compounds showed excellent inhibition activity against NADPH oxidases and parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) identified compound 11 with high passive permeability. To validate the effect of compound 11 on neuronal inflammation, we tested the regulatory activity of compound 11 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV-2 microglial cells and LPS-mediated microglial migration. Treatment of BV2 cells with compound 11 resulted in suppressed production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and migration activity of BV2 cells in response to LPS. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of compound 11 in PD animal model, compound 11 was applied to MPTP-induced PD mouse model. Oral administration of compound 11 (30 mg/kg/daily, 4 weeks) into the mice resulted in suppression of dopaminergic neuronal death in substantia nigra (SN) and in striatum as well as inhibition of microglial migration into SN. These results implicate compound 11 as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of PD.
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- 2022
28. Branched Polyethylenimine-Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (bPEI-SPIONs) Improve the Immunogenicity of Tumor Antigens and Enhance Th1 Polarization of Dendritic Cells
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My-Dung Hoang, Hwa-Jeong Lee, Hyun-Ju Lee, Sung-Hoon Jung, Nu-Ri Choi, Manh-Cuong Vo, Thanh-Nhan Nguyen-Pham, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, In-Kyu Park, and Je-Jung Lee
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Nanoparticles in the field of dendritic cell (DC) research are emerging as a promising method of enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. We investigated the effect of branched polyethylenimine-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (bPEI-SPIONs) on tumor cells loaded onto DCs. The tumor antigens were prepared as follows: (1) apoptotic U266 cells with ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation followed by a 2 h incubation in the absence (2 h postirradiated cells) or (2) presence of bPEI-SPIONs (bPEI-SPION 2 h postirradiated cells) and (3) apoptotic U266 cells with UVB irradiation followed by an overnight 16 h incubation (16 h postirradiated cells). bPEI-SPIONs render U266 cells sensitive to UVB irradiation through reactive oxygen species production to accelerate apoptotic death. The 2 h postirradiated cells and bPEI-SPION 2 h postirradiated cells released immunogenic proteins, including Hsp70, Hsp90, and HMGB1. The DCs loaded with bPEI-SPION 2 h postirradiated cells showed the highest IL-12p70 production and Th1 polarization compared with other DCs. These results suggest that bPEI-SPIONs are a promising method of enhancing the immunogenicity of tumor cells and promoting Th1 polarization of DCs loaded with these tumor cells.
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Lattice conformation of theta-curves accompanied with Brunnian property
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Hyoungjun Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Sungjong No, Seungsang Oh, and Hyungkee Yoo
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Statistics and Probability ,Modeling and Simulation ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
A theta-curve is an embedding of the Greek letter Θ shaped graph in three-dimensional space. This is a useful physical model for polymer chains since theta-curve motifs are often present in many circular proteins with internal bridges. A Brunnian theta-curve is a nontrivial theta-curve with the property that if we remove any one among three edges, then the remaining knot can be laid in the plane without crossings. We focus on the rigidity of polymer chains with the Brunnian theta-curve shape by using the lattice stick number which is the minimal number of sticks glued end-to-end that are necessary to construct the theta-curve in the cubic lattice. The authors have already shown in a previous research that at least 15 lattice sticks are needed to construct Brunnian theta-curves. In this paper, we improve the lower bound of the lattice stick number for Brunnian theta-curves to 16.
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- 2022
30. Arc presentations of Montesinos links
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Hwa Jeong Lee
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Arc (geometry) ,Combinatorics ,Rational number ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,Algebra and Number Theory ,Kauffman polynomial ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Crossing number (graph theory) ,Link (knot theory) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Mathematics - Abstract
Let [Formula: see text] be a Montesinos link [Formula: see text] with positive rational numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], each less than 1, and [Formula: see text] the minimal crossing number of [Formula: see text]. Herein, we construct arc presentations of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] arcs under some conditions for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we determine the arc index of infinitely many Montesinos links.
- Published
- 2021
31. Erratum to 'Isocudraxanthone K Induces Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis in Oral Cancer Cells via Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α'
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Mee-Ran Shin, Hwa-Jeong Lee, Soo-Kyung Kang, Q-Schick Auh, Young-Man Lee, Youn-Chul Kim, and Eun-Cheol Kim
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General Immunology and Microbiology ,Plant Extracts ,Xanthones ,Transcription Factor RelA ,Cytochromes c ,Apoptosis ,General Medicine ,Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ,Moraceae ,Plant Roots ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ,Caspases ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Plant Bark ,Medicine ,Humans ,I-kappa B Proteins ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Erratum ,Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ,Cell Proliferation ,bcl-2-Associated X Protein - Abstract
Isocudraxanthone K (IK) is a novel, natural compound from a methanol extract of the root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata. It has not been shown previously that IK possessed antitumor activity. We investigated the antitumor effects and molecular mechanism of IK and related signal transduction pathway(s) in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCCCs). The MTT assay revealed that IK had an antiproliferative effect on OSCCCs, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. IK induced apoptosis in OSCCCs, as identified by a cell-cycle analysis, annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining, and the nuclear morphology in cell death. IK caused time-dependent phosphorylation of Akt, p38, and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase). In addition, IK increased the cytosolic to nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α in HN4 and HN12 cells. Furthermore, IK treatment downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and its target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a HIF-1α activator, attenuated the IK-induced growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing effects, and blocked IK-induced expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins, such as Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, and cytochrome c. Collectively, these data provide the first evidence of antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of IK as a HIF-1α inhibitor and suggest it may be a drug candidate for chemotherapy against oral cancer.
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- 2020
32. Effects of Thoracic Mobility Exercise on Cervicothoracic Function, Posture and Pain in Individuals With Mechanical Neck Pain
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Hwa-jeong Lee and Suhn-Yeop Kim
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Neck pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,Physical therapy ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 2019
33. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Antimicrobial Peptide Allomyrinasin Derived from the Dynastid Beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma
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Seong Hyun Kim, Minhee Baek, Minchul Seo, Sun Young Kim, In Woo Kim, Jae Sam Hwang, Joon Ha Lee, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Mi Ae Kim
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0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Lipopolysaccharide ,medicine.drug_class ,Chemistry ,RNA ,Peptide ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Anti-inflammatory ,Microbiology ,Nitric oxide synthase ,Transcriptome ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Western blot ,010608 biotechnology ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Biotechnology - Abstract
In a previous work, we performed de novo RNA sequencing of Allomyrina dichotoma using next generation sequencing and identified several antimicrobial peptide candidates based on transcriptome analysis. Among them, a cationic antimicrobial peptide, allomyrinasin, was selected bioinformatically based on its physicochemical properties. Here, we assessed the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of allomyrinasin against microorganisms and mouse macrophage Raw264.7 cells. Allomyrinasin showed antimicrobial activities against various microbes and decreased the nitric oxide production of the lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 cells. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA revealed that allomyrinasin reduced cytokine expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells. We also identified inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and PGE2 production through western blot analysis and ELISA. We confirmed that allomyrinasin bound to bacterial cell membranes via a specific interaction with lipopolysaccharides. Taken together, these data indicate that allomyrinasin has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities as exemplified in lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 cells. We have provided a potentially useful antimicrobial peptide candidate that has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.
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- 2019
34. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Canavalia gladiata in Macrophage Cells and DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model
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Hwa-Jeong Lee, Young Ran Kim, Inkyu Park, Jung Up Park, Bok Yun Kang, and Rui Hong Guo
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0301 basic medicine ,biology ,medicine.drug_class ,Inflammation ,NF-κB ,General Medicine ,Pharmacology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Anti-inflammatory ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Canavalia gladiata ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Macrophage ,medicine.symptom ,Colitis ,Chinese traditional medicine - Abstract
Canavalia gladiata, known as sword bean, has been used as a Chinese traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory effects. However, the action mechanisms of sword bean have not yet been clearly defined. In the present study, the whole parts of a ripened sword bean (RSB) and the green sword bean (GSB) containing bean pod were extracted with ethanol by reflux extraction. The two crude extracts (RSBE and GSBE) from RSB and GSB were validated by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis of gallic acid as a reference chemical. The anti-inflammatory effects of two sword bean extracts were extensively investigated using LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. First, RSBE and GSBE significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text]), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandinE2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. RSBE and GSBE showed no cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophage cells. In addition, the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells was significantly decreased by RSBE and GSBE. Western blotting and immunostaining analysis showed that RSBE and GSBE inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-[Formula: see text]B subunits, which correlated with the inhibitory effects on inhibitor kappa B (I[Formula: see text]B) degradation. In dextran sulfated sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model, RSBE restored body weight, colon length, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6, interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text]), and interferon-[Formula: see text] (IFN-[Formula: see text]). In addition, RSBE significantly suppressed the expression of COX-2, iNOS, and NF-[Formula: see text]B.
- Published
- 2019
35. Anticancer Activity of Periplanetasin-5, an Antimicrobial Peptide from the Cockroach
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In-Woo, Kim, Ra-Yeong, Choi, Joon Ha, Lee, Minchul, Seo, Hwa Jeong, Lee, Mi-Ae, Kim, Seong Hyun, Kim, Iksoo, Kim, and Jae Sam, Hwang
- Subjects
Biological Products ,Animals ,Humans ,Insect Proteins ,Periplaneta ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,K562 Cells ,Antimicrobial Peptides - Abstract
Cockroaches live in places where various pathogens exist and thus are more likely to use antimicrobial compounds to defend against pathogen intrusions. We previously performed an in silico analysis of the
- Published
- 2021
36. Drug-Like Small Molecule HSP27 Functional Inhibitor Sensitizes Lung Cancer Cells to Gefitinib or Cisplatin by Inducing Altered Cross-Linked Hsp27 Dimers
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Youngjoo Kwon, You Na Park, Jaeok Lee, So Hyeon Park, Hawon Yoo, Soo Yeon Hwang, Yun Sil Lee, Younghwa Na, Hwa Jeong Lee, Seul Ki Choi, and Jae Ho Shin
- Subjects
endocrine system ,animal structures ,EGFR ,heat shock protein ,Pharmaceutical Science ,HSP27 ,HSP27 inhibitor ,NSCLC ,Article ,Metastasis ,combination therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,T790M ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gefitinib ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,Epidermal growth factor ,medicine ,Lung cancer ,030304 developmental biology ,Cisplatin ,0303 health sciences ,drug resistance ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,RS1-441 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,embryonic structures ,Cancer research ,NA49 ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Relationships between heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and cancer aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance, and poor patient outcomes in various cancer types including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were reported, and inhibition of HSP27 expression is suggested to be a possible strategy for cancer therapy. Unlike HSP90 or HSP70, HSP27 does not have an ATP-binding pocket, and no effective HSP27 inhibitors have been identified. Previously, NSCLC cancer cells were sensitized to radiation and chemotherapy when co-treated with small molecule HSP27 functional inhibitors such as zerumbone (ZER), SW15, and J2 that can induce abnormal cross-linked HSP27 dimer. In this study, cancer inhibition effects of NA49, a chromenone compound with better solubility, longer circulation time, and less toxicity than J2, were examined in combination with anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and gefitinib in NSCLC cell lines. When the cytotoxic drug cisplatin was treated in combination with NA49 in epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) WT cell lines, sensitization was induced in an HSP27 expression-dependent manner. With gefitinib treatment, NA49 showed increased combination effects in both EGFR WT and Mut cell lines, also with HSP27 expression-dependent patterns. Moreover, NA49 induced sensitization in EGFR Mut cells with a secondary mutation of T790M when combined with gefitinib. Augmented tumor growth inhibition was shown with the combination of cisplatin or gefitinib and NA49 in nude mouse xenograft models. These results suggest the combination of HSP27 inhibitor NA49 and anticancer agents as a candidate for overcoming HSP27-mediated drug resistance in NSCLC patients.
- Published
- 2021
37. Quantification of Teicoplanin Using the HPLC-UV Method for Clinical Applications in Critically Ill Patients in Korea
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Hwa Jeong Lee, Sung Wook Kang, Sandy Jeong Rhie, Jaeok Lee, and Eun Kyoung Chung
- Subjects
Bioanalysis ,internal standard ,Pharmaceutical Science ,01 natural sciences ,Enterococcus faecalis ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,medicine ,0303 health sciences ,teicoplanin ,Chromatography ,HPLC-UV ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Plasma samples ,biology ,human plasma ,030306 microbiology ,Chemistry ,Critically ill ,Teicoplanin ,010401 analytical chemistry ,polymyxin B ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,RS1-441 ,clinical application ,Human plasma ,Therapeutic drug monitoring ,Polymyxin B ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) method has been used to quantify teicoplanin concentrations in human plasma. However, the limited analytical accuracy of previously bioanalytical methods for teicoplanin has given rise to uncertainty due to the use of an external standard. In this study, an internal standard (IS), polymyxin B, was applied to devise a precise, accurate, and feasible HPLC-UV method. The deproteinized plasma sample containing teicoplanin and an IS of acetonitrile was chromatographed on a C18 column with an acidic mobile phase consisting of NaH2PO4 buffer and acetonitrile (78:22, v/v) by isocratic elution and detection at 220 nm. The linearity was in the range 7.8–500 mg/L calculated by the ratio of the teicoplanin signal to the IS signal. This analytical method, validated by FDA guidelines with ICH Q2 (R1), was successfully applied to analyze the plasma samples of patients in the intensive care unit for treating serious resistant bacterial infectious diseases, such as those by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The methods suggested the potential for use in routine clinical practice for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin, providing both improved accuracy and a wide range of linearity from lower than steady-state trough concentrations (10 mg/L) to much higher concentrations.
- Published
- 2021
38. Petal number of torus knots of type $(r,r+2)$
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Hwa Jeong Lee and Gyo Taek Jin
- Subjects
Mathematics - Geometric Topology ,Algebra and Number Theory ,FOS: Mathematics ,Geometric Topology (math.GT) ,Mathematics::Geometric Topology - Abstract
Let $r$ be an odd integer, $r\ge3$. Then the petal number of the torus knot of type $(r,r+2)$ is equal to $2r+3$., Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Microwave-assisted digestion method using diluted nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide for the determination of major and minor elements in milk samples by ICP-OES and ICP-MS
- Author
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Hwa-Jeong Lee, Yong Eui Koo, Ye-Seul Park, and Jian Lee
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,General Medicine ,Nitric Acid ,Trace Elements ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Milk ,Digestion (alchemy) ,chemistry ,Nitric acid ,Elemental analysis ,Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy ,Animals ,Digestion ,Microwaves ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,Food Science ,Bar (unit) ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A novel method for microwave-assisted digestion of milk samples using diluted HNO3 and H2O2 with a single reaction chamber was developed for elemental analysis by ICP-based techniques. The optimal conditions for digestion were 0.25 g of sample mass, 6 mL of 0.1 mol L−1 HNO3 and 2 mL of 30% H2O2 at 250 ℃ and 160 bar. The optimized procedure resulted in low residual carbon content and residual acidity of 260 mg L−1 and 0.06 mol L-1, respectively. The limits of detection ranged from 0.286 ոg g−1 (Ca) to 82.990 ոg g−1 (Fe). In addition, the proposed method was considered an excellent green analysis method with a final score of 87 based on the analytical Eco-Scale. Finally, the method was validated and applied to the determination of Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Zn in milk samples from South Korea.
- Published
- 2022
40. The role of thymosin beta 4 on odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells.
- Author
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Sang-Im Lee, Duck-Su Kim, Hwa-Jeong Lee, Hee-Jae Cha, and Eun-Cheol Kim
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
We recently reported that overexpression of thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) in transgenic mice promotes abnormal hair growth and tooth development, but the role of Tβ4 in dental pulp regeneration was not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Tβ4 on odontoblastic differentiation and the underlying mechanism regulating pulp regeneration in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). Our results demonstrate that mRNA and protein expression of Tβ4 is upregulated during odontogenic differentiation in HDPCs. Transfection with Tβ4 siRNA decreases OM-induced odontoblastic differentiation by decreasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of differentiation markers, and calcium nodule formation. In contrast, Tβ4 activation with a Tβ4 peptide promotes these processes by enhancing the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2, BMP4, phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and Smad2/3, and expression of transcriptional factors such as Runx2 and Osterix, which were blocked by the BMP inhibitor noggin. The expression of integrin receptors α1, α2, α3, and β1 and downstream signaling molecules including phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), p-paxillin, and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) were increased by Tβ4 peptide in HDPCs. ILK siRNA blocked Tβ4-induced odontoblastic differentiation and activation of the BMP and MAPK transcription factor pathways in HDPCs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that Tβ4 plays a key role in odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs and activation of Tβ4 could provide a novel mechanism for regenerative endodontics.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Regulation of endogenic metabolites by rosuvastatin in hyperlipidemia patients: An integration of metabolomics and lipidomics
- Author
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Tae Eun Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Byung Hwa Jung, Hyunbeom Lee, Jong Min Choi, and Joo Youn Cho
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Statin ,medicine.drug_class ,Administration, Oral ,Hyperlipidemias ,Pharmacology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Metabolomics ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Hyperlipidemia ,Lipidomics ,medicine ,Humans ,Rosuvastatin ,Least-Squares Analysis ,Rosuvastatin Calcium ,Adverse effect ,Molecular Biology ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Principal Component Analysis ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Lysophosphatidylcholines ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Cell Biology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Sphingolipid ,0104 chemical sciences ,Phospholipases A2 ,030104 developmental biology ,Creatinine ,Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ,Phosphatidylcholines ,Female ,Metabolic syndrome ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Rosuvastatin is a statin used to treat metabolic syndrome conditions, such as hyperlipidemia. It is relatively safe; however, fatal rhabdomyolysis or skeletal myopathy can sometimes occur. Therefore, to investigate the overall effects of rosuvastatin, including lipid lowering and adverse effects, metabolic profiling was performed using metabolomics and lipidomics after rosuvastatin administration. Specifically, the metabolic profiles between healthy subjects and patients with hyperlipidemia were compared and the metabolic changes related to the mechanism of the drug effect were proposed. Healthy volunteers (n = 32) and hyperlipidemic patients (n = 14) were orally administered rosuvastatin (20 mg) once a day for 3–8 weeks, and plasma and urine were collected. Metabolomics and lipidomics were performed using UHPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap/MS/MS for non-targeted analysis and UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS for targeted analysis. Using non-targeted analysis, we successfully profiled and identified 73 and 87 metabolites in healthy subjects and hyperlipidemia subjects, respectively. Through targeted analysis, we have also quantified 188 metabolites, including amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids. The levels of L-carnitine, diacylglycerol, and acylcarnitines significantly decreased after rosuvastatin administration regardless of the group. The overall levels of fatty acids (FA) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPC) increased, while phosphatidylcholines (PC) decreased only in the patient group. β-Oxidation decreased overall, while the production of polyunsaturated FA increased only in the hyperlipidemic patients. Using metabolic profiling, we have evaluated the alterations in the biochemical pathways, which may aid in a more detailed understanding of the effect of rosuvastatin. Patient-specific metabolomic and lipidomic profiles may serve as valuable markers for the understanding of the adverse effects associated with statin treatment.
- Published
- 2018
42. Emergence of synthetic mRNA: In vitro synthesis of mRNA and its applications in regenerative medicine
- Author
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Yunmi Seo, Kyuri Lee, Hyokyoung Kwon, Minjeong Kim, Yae Seul Moon, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Hyukjin Lee
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Genetic enhancement ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,Regenerative Medicine ,Regenerative medicine ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Protein replacement therapy ,Transcription (biology) ,Gene expression ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Cell Engineering ,Messenger RNA ,Stem Cells ,DNA ,Molecular biology ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Mechanics of Materials ,Ceramics and Composites ,Reprogramming ,Nuclear localization sequence ,Plasmids - Abstract
The field of gene therapy has evolved over the past two decades after the first introduction of nucleic acid drugs, such as plasmid DNA (pDNA). With the development of in vitro transcription (IVT) methods, synthetic mRNA has become an emerging class of gene therapy. IVT mRNA has several advantages over conventional pDNA for the expression of target proteins. mRNA does not require nuclear localization to mediate protein translation. The intracellular process for protein expression is much simpler and there is no potential risk of insertion mutagenesis. Having these advantages, the level of protein expression is far enhanced as comparable to that of viral expression systems. This makes IVT mRNA a powerful alternative gene expression system for various applications in regenerative medicine. In this review, we highlight the synthesis and preparation of IVT mRNA and its therapeutic applications. The article includes the design and preparation of IVT mRNA, chemical modification of IVT mRNA, and therapeutic applications of IVT mRNA in cellular reprogramming, stem cell engineering, and protein replacement therapy. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of IVT mRNA are discussed.
- Published
- 2018
43. Efficacy of luteal estrogen administration and an early follicular Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist priming protocol in poor responders undergoing fertilization
- Author
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Sun Hwa Cha, Min Jung Kim, Hyun Jeong Yi, Kwang Moon Yang, Hyun Joung Choi, and Hwa Jeong Lee
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Priming (immunology) ,Luteal phase ,Hormone antagonist ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist ,Human chorionic gonadotropin ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Follicular phase ,medicine ,estrogen ,gonadotropin-releasing hormone ,hormone antagonist ,lcsh:RG1-991 ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,In vitro fertilisation ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,030104 developmental biology ,Estrogen ,fertilization ,business ,diminished ovarian reserve - Abstract
Objective We investigated whether luteal estrogen administration and an early follicular Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (E/G-ant) priming protocol improves clinical outcomes in poor responders to controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer, and identified underlying mechanisms. Methods This restrospective study consisted of 65 poor responders who underwent the E/G-ant priming protocol. Sixty-four other poor responders undergoing conventional protocols without pretreatment were included as the control group. Clinical outcomes were compared between 2 groups. Results The E/G-ant priming protocol group exhibited improvements over the control group in terms of the number of retrieved oocytes (3.58±2.24 vs. 1.70±1.45; P=0.000), mature oocytes (2.68±2.11 vs. 1.65±1.23; P=0.000), fertilized oocytes (2.25± 1.74 vs. 1.32±1.26; P=0.001), good embryos (1.62±0.91 vs. 1.14±0.90, P=0.021). Day 3 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; 8.40±4.84 vs. 16.39±13.56; P=0.000) and pre-ovulation progesterone levels (0.67 vs. 1.28 ng/mL; P=0.016) were significantly higher in the control group than in the E/G-ant priming group. The overall rate of positive human chorionic gonadotropin tests was higher in the E/G-ant priming group than in the control group (32.3% vs.16.1%; P=0.039). Also, clinical pregnancy rate (26.2% vs. 12.5%; P=0.048) and the rate of live births (23.1% vs. 7.1%; P=0.023) were significantly higher in the E/G-ant priming group than in the control group. Conclusion The E/G-ant priming protocol would lead to promising results in poor responders to IVF by suppressing endogenous FSH and by preventing premature luteinization.
- Published
- 2018
44. Intestinal P-glycoprotein inhibitors, benzoxanthone analogues
- Author
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Song Wha Chae, Hwa Jeong Lee, Jaeok Lee, Youngjoo Kwon, Jung Hyun Park, and Younghwa Na
- Subjects
Male ,Paclitaxel ,Xanthones ,Administration, Oral ,Biological Availability ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Pharmacology ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacokinetics ,In vivo ,Animals ,Humans ,ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Cytotoxicity ,P-glycoprotein Inhibitor ,Molecular Structure ,Daunorubicin ,In vitro ,Bioavailability ,Intestines ,Intestinal Absorption ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,MCF-7 Cells ,Female ,Efflux - Abstract
Objectives The inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) which limits an access of exogenous compounds in the luminal membrane of the intestine have been studied to enhance the intestinal P-gp-mediated absorption of anticancer drugs. Methods Inhibition of the efflux pump by synthesized benzoxanthone derivatives was investigated in vitro and in vivo. MCF-7/ADR cell line was used for cytotoxicity assay and [3H]-daunomycin (DNM) accumulation/efflux study. Eight benzoxanthone analogues were tested for their effects on DNM cytotoxicity. Among them, three analogues were selected for the accumulation/efflux and P-gp ATPase studies. Paclitaxel (PTX), a P-gp substrate anticancer drug, was orally administered to rats with/without compound 1 (8,10-bis(thiiran-2-ylmethoxy)-7H-benzo[c]xanthen-7-one). The pharmacokinetic parameters of PTX in the presence/absence of compound 1 were evaluated from the plasma concentration-time profiles. Key-findings Compound 1 increased the DNA accumulation to 6.5-fold and decreased the DNM efflux to approximately 1/2 in the overexpressing P-gp cell line. Relative bioavailability (RB) of PTX in rats was significantly increased up to 3.2-fold by compound 1 (0.5 or 2 mg/kg). Conclusions Benzoxanthone analogue, compound 1 is strongly suggested to be a promising inhibitor of P-gp to improve an oral absorption of compounds for cancer therapy.
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- 2017
45. S3107 A Rare Case of Metastatic AFP and Beta HCG-Producing Gastric Carcinoma
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Omar Tageldin, Stephen Hasak, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Hala Abdelwahab
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Hepatology ,business.industry ,Rare case ,Gastroenterology ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,Beta hcg ,Gastric carcinoma ,business - Published
- 2021
46. Antiseptic effect of antimicrobial peptide psacotheasin 2 derived from the yellow-spotted longicorn beetle (Psacothea hilaris)
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Minhee Baek, Joon Ha Lee, Ra-Yeong Choi, Seong Hyun Kim, Mi-Ae Kim, Yong Pyo Shin, Hwa Jeong Lee, Jae Sam Hwang, In-Woo Kim, and Minchul Seo
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0301 basic medicine ,Lipopolysaccharide ,medicine.drug_class ,Immunology ,Antibiotics ,Antimicrobial peptides ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Psacothea hilaris ,Microbiology ,Nitric oxide ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Antiseptic ,Sepsis ,medicine ,Animals ,Bacteria ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,biology ,NF-kappa B ,Antimicrobial ,Immunity, Innate ,Coleoptera ,Nitric oxide synthase ,RAW 264.7 Cells ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Inflammation Mediators ,Peptides ,Antimicrobial Peptides ,Signal Transduction ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Given the challenges posed by antibiotic resistant microbes and the high mortality rate associated with sepsis, there is an urgent need to develop novel peptide antibiotics that exhibit both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, we evaluated antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory activity of psacotheasin 2, one of the antimicrobial peptide candidates identified previously using an in silico analysis on the transcriptome of Psacothea hilaris. In addition to exhibiting antimicrobial activities against microorganisms without inducing hemolysis, psacotheasin 2 also decreased the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 cells. Moreover, ELISA and western blot analysis revealed that psacotheasin 2 reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Further, we found that psacotheasin 2 markedly reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) signaling in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells. We also confirmed that the binding of psacotheasin 2 to bacterial cell membranes occurs via a specific interaction with LPS. In mouse models of LPS-induced shock, psacotheasin 2 significantly enhanced the survival rate and recovered weight by attenuating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, psacotheasin 2 could be a promising candidate as a peptide antiseptic agent.
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- 2021
47. Sensitization of lung cancer cells by altered dimerization of HSP27
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Byeol Choi, You Na Park, Youngjoo Kwon, Yun Sil Lee, Hwa Jeong Lee, Seul Ki Choi, Younghwa Na, and Soo Yeon Kwak
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0301 basic medicine ,endocrine system ,animal structures ,Combination therapy ,HSP27 inhibitor ,Hsp90 inhibitor ,HSP27 inhibition ,combination therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Viability assay ,Pharmaceutical sciences ,Sensitization ,Cisplatin ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,altered dimerization ,medicine.drug ,Research Paper - Abstract
// Byeol Choi 1, * , Seul-Ki Choi 1, * , You Na Park 1 , Soo-Yeon Kwak 2 , Hwa Jeong Lee 1 , Youngjoo Kwon 1 , Younghwa Na 2 and Yun-Sil Lee 1 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-720, Korea 2 College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 487-010, Korea * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Yun-Sil Lee, email: yslee0425@ewha.ac.kr Younghwa Na, email: yna7315@cha.ac.kr Keywords: HSP27 inhibition; altered dimerization; combination therapy; HSP27 inhibitor Received: June 20, 2017 Accepted: September 21, 2017 Published: October 31, 2017 ABSTRACT Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27, HSPB1) induces resistance to anticancer drugs in various cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of HSP27 in NSCLC may be a good strategy for anticancer therapy. Unlike other HSPs such as HSP90 and HSP70, small molecule approaches for neutralization of HSP27 are not well established because of the absence of an ATP binding domain. Previously, small molecules with altered cross linking activity of HSP27, were identified to inhibit building a large oligomer led to sensitization in combination with radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, a chromene compound, J2 that exhibited better cross-linking activity of HSP27 than xanthone compound, SW15 which was previously identified, was yielding sensitization to NSCLC cells with high expression of HSP27 when combined with HSP90 inhibitor and standard anticancer modalities such as taxol and cisplatin. In vivo xenograft system also showed sensitization activity of J2, as well as in vitro cell viability, cell death or apoptosis detection assay. For better druggability, several quinolone compounds, an (bio) isostere of chromone and one of well-known core in many marketed medicine, was designed and synthesized by replacement of oxygen with nitrogen in 4-pyron structure of J2. However, the cross linking activity of HSP27 disappeared by quinolone compounds and the sensitizing effects on the anticancer drugs disappeared as well, suggesting oxygene moiety of 4-pyron structure of J2 may be a pharmacophore for induction of cross linking of HSP27 and sensitization to cancer cells. In conclusion, combination of chemotherapy with small molecules that induces altered cross-linking of HSP27 may be a good strategy to overcome the resistance of anticancer drugs in HSP27-over-expressing cancer cells.
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- 2017
48. Etiological evaluation of repeated biochemical pregnancy in infertile couples who have undergone in vitro fertilization
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Hyun Kyong Ahn, Sun Hwa Cha, Young joo Kim, Hwa Jeong Lee, Kwang Moon Yang, and Hyun-Mi Lee
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,Etiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gestational sac ,Uterus ,Abortion ,Habitual abortion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,In vitro fertilization ,medicine ,Endocrine system ,Reproductive Endocrinology ,Gynecology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,In vitro fertilisation ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemical phenomena ,Gestation ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate whether there are any notable etiologies for repeated biochemical pregnancy (RBP) and, if so, to compare those etiologies associated with repeated spontaneous abortion in infertile couples who have undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods Forty-four infertile couples who underwent IVF and experienced RBP were included in this study. RBP was defined as more than 2 early pregnancy losses that occurred before the detection of a gestational sac, with ectopic pregnancies specifically excluded by serial serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin evaluation. Forty-three infertile couples who underwent IVF and experienced recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) were included as a control group. Karyotype analysis, anatomic evaluation of uterus, endocrine and immunological evaluation were performed. In addition, the number of pregnant women confirmed by 12 weeks' gestation was compared between groups. Results Immunological factors (RSA: 20.9% vs. RBP: 29.5%, P=0.361), diminished ovarian reserve (RSA: 10.9% vs. RBP: 17%, P=0.552), and parental chromosomal abnormalities (RSA: 18.6% vs. RBP: 9.1%, P=0.218) were not different between groups. Additionally, the incidence of uterine factors (RSA: 11.6% vs. RBP: 4.6%, P=0.206), unknown cause (RSA: 48.8% vs. RBP: 54.5%, P=0.161), and the pregnancy outcome identified until 12 weeks' gestation (RSA: 46.5% vs. RBP: 38.6%, P=0.520) did not differ between groups. Conclusion In the present study, the causes of RBP after IVF were similar to those of RSA. Accordingly, we suggest that efforts should be made to define the etiology of RBP, particularly for infertile couples, and that possible management strategies should be offered.
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- 2017
49. A new intrinsically knotted graph with 22 edges
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Hwa Jeong Lee, Thomas W. Mattman, Minjung Lee, Hyoungjun Kim, and Seungsang Oh
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Spatial graph ,010102 general mathematics ,Geometric Topology (math.GT) ,0102 computer and information sciences ,Mathematics::Geometric Topology ,01 natural sciences ,Graph ,Vertex (geometry) ,Combinatorics ,Mathematics - Geometric Topology ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,FOS: Mathematics ,Embedding ,Geometry and Topology ,0101 mathematics ,Mathematics - Abstract
A graph is called intrinsically knotted if every embedding of the graph contains a knotted cycle. Johnson, Kidwell, and Michael showed that intrinsically knotted graphs have at least 21 edges. Recently Lee, Kim, Lee and Oh (and, independently, Barsotti and Mattman) proved there are exactly 14 intrinsically knotted graphs with 21 edges by showing that H 12 and C 14 are the only triangle-free intrinsically knotted graphs of size 21. Our current goal is to find the complete set of intrinsically knotted graphs with 22 edges. To this end, using the main argument in [9] , we seek triangle-free intrinsically knotted graphs. In this paper we present a new intrinsically knotted graph with 22 edges, called M 11 . We also show that there are exactly three triangle-free intrinsically knotted graphs of size 22 among graphs having at least two vertices with degree 5: cousins 94 and 110 of the E 9 + e family, and M 11 . Furthermore, there is no triangle-free intrinsically knotted graph with 22 edges that has a vertex with degree larger than 5.
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- 2017
50. Design of theranostic nanomedicine (II): synthesis and physicochemical properties of a biocompatible polyphosphazene–docetaxel conjugate
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Kyung Eun Lee, Jung Hyun Park, Yong Joo Jun, Kyung Su Park, Prakash G. Avaji, Hwa Jeong Lee, and Youn Soo Sohn
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theranostics ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Polymers ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic ,Docetaxel ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Polyethylene Glycols ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Delivery Systems ,International Journal of Nanomedicine ,Neoplasms ,Drug Discovery ,anticancer drug ,Tissue Distribution ,Micelles ,Original Research ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,General Medicine ,docetaxel ,polyphosphazene ,nanomedicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Drug delivery ,Taxoids ,0210 nano-technology ,Half-Life ,Biophysics ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Bioengineering ,Nanotechnology ,010402 general chemistry ,Biomaterials ,Organophosphorus Compounds ,Pharmacokinetics ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Animals ,Humans ,Polyphosphazene ,Organic Chemistry ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,0104 chemical sciences ,Drug Liberation ,Solubility ,chemistry ,Linker ,Ethylene glycol ,Ex vivo ,Conjugate - Abstract
Yong Joo Jun,1,* Jung Hyun Park,2,* Prakash G Avaji,1 Kyung Su Park,3 Kyung Eun Lee,3 Hwa Jeong Lee,2 Youn Soo Sohn1 1C & Pharm, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: To prepare an efficient theranostic polyphosphazene–docetaxel (DTX) conjugate, a new drug delivery system was designed by grafting a multifunctional lysine ethylester (LysOEt) as a spacer group along with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) to the polyphosphazene backbone ([NP]n), and then DTX was conjugated to the carrier polymer using acid-cleavable cis-aconitic acid (AA) as a linker. The resultant polyphosphazene–DTX conjugate, formulated as [NP(MPEG550)3(Lys-OEt)(AA)(DTX)]n and named “Polytaxel”, exhibited high water solubility and stability by forming stable polymeric micelles as shown in its transmission electron microscopy image and dynamic light scattering measurements. Another important aspect of Polytaxel is that it can easily be labeled with various imaging agents using the lysine amino group, enabling studies on various aspects, such as its organ distribution, tumor-targeting properties, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and excretion. The pharmacokinetics of Polytaxel was remarkably improved, with prolonged elimination half-life and enhanced area under the curve. Ex vivo imaging study of cyanine dye-labeled Polytaxel showed that intravenously injected Polytaxel is long circulating in the blood stream and selectively accumulates in tumor tissues. Polytaxel distributed in other organs was cleared from all major organs at ~6weeks after injection. The invitro study of DTX release from the carrier polymer showed that >95% of conjugated DTX was released at pH 5.4 over a period of 7days. Xenograft trials of Polytaxel using nude mice against the human gastric tumor cell line MKN-28 showed complete tumor regression, with low systemic toxicity. Polytaxel is currently in preclinical study. Keywords: docetaxel, polyphosphazene, anticancer drug, nanomedicine, theranostics
- Published
- 2017
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