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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS) are rare entities that occur predominantly on the extremities and represent 20% of rhabdomyosarcomas. Other common locations include the peri-rectal and perineal regions, head and neck, and genitourinary system. To our knowledge, this presentation is the first case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the chest wall reported in the literature. Here, we describe a case of a 64-year-old man with alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas who underwent a chest wall resection. The defect was reconstructed with polypropylene mesh and latissimus dorsi muscle. Our patient did not show recurrence ten months after complete resection. The present paper describes our surgical approach to a case of primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the chest wall in an adult. The authors discuss the principal judgment criteria for successful surgical resection and prognosis, highlighting the relevance of chest wall reconstruction and their complementary aspects in the multimodal management of this rare entity.

Les traumatismes abdominaux sont relativement fréquents mais graves dans les pays en développement. Le but de cette étude était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des contusions et plaies pénétrantes de l'abdomen prises en charge dans un pays à faibles ressources. Patients et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive de 2 ans (2011-2012) ayant colligé 175 cas de traumatisés abdominaux au CHU-JRA Tananarive Madagascar. Parmi ces blessés (144 hommes et 31 femmes), il existait 122 vivants (69,7%) et 53 décès (30,3%) avant tout geste thérapeutique hospitalier. Les étiologies étaient dominées par les accidents à responsabilité civile (52,5%) et de la voie publique (38,5%). Les contusions et plaies pénétrantes représentaient respectivement 41,8% et 58,2%. Parmi les blessés vivants, 112 ont été opérés (91,8%). L'évolution hospitalière était favorable dans 94,3%. Quatre patients avaient des suites opératoires compliquées (3,6%). Sept patients étaient décédés (5,7%). Parmi les décès préhospitaliers, nous avons observé 73,6% de polytraumatisme (n=39) et 26,4% de traumatisme abdominal isolé (n=14). A l'autopsie, les lésions abdominales étaient hémorragiques dans 94,3% incluant des plaies vasculaires rétropéritonéales, des ruptures hépatospléniques et des traumatismes graves du bassin. En situation précaire, les traumatismes abdominaux ont une mortalité préhospitalière assez importante. A l'hôpital, l'évolution était généralement favorable au prix d'un acte opératoire invasif.

Objectives: With a fourth of all under-five children affected, stunting remains one of the biggest health challenges worldwide. Even though the main underlying factors are known, the exact pathways to stunting varying in affected regions, and interventions thus need to be tailored to the local contexts. This study aimed assessing and comparing factors associated with stunting in two understudied sub-Saharan urban contexts with some of the highest stunting prevalence globally: Bangui, Central African Republic (~ 36%) and Antananarivo, Madagascar (42%). Methods: We performed a case–control study on 175 + 194 stunted and 237 + 230 non-stunted control children aged 2–5 years and matched for age, gender and district of residency. Factors associated with stunting were identified using a standardized, paper questionnaire delivered by trained interviewers. Statistical analysis was done using logistic regression modelling. Results: In both sites, formal maternal education lowered the risk of being stunted and restricted access to soap, suffering of anaemia and low birth weight were associated with higher risk of stunting. Short maternal stature, household head different from parents, diarrhoea and coughing were associated with an increased risk and continuing breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of stunting in Antananarivo. Previous severe undernutrition and dermatitis/ fungal skin infections were associated with higher and changes in diet during pregnancy with lower risk of stunting in Bangui. Conclusions: Our results suggest maternal education, antenatal care, iron supplementation and simple WASH interventions such as using soap and infection control as general and breastfeeding (Antananarivo) or better nutrition (Bangui) as area-specified interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a rare benign pathology, particularly in pediatrics. It is difficult to diagnose with its pathophysiology poorly understood. We report two pediatric cases of TC having benefited from radiological assessments and surgical excision. Final diagnosis was made by pathological examination. For the two cases, no sign of recurrence was noted ~30 months of follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary Burkitt lymphomas of the chest wall are relatively rare in occurrence. The authors describe a first case report in Malagasy child. It presents as an isolated softtissue mass on the chest wall with a sudden installation of paraplegia in an 8-year-old girl. Our patient was treated with aggressive chemotherapy regimen with complete remission on 2 years of follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]