Search

The exploration of noble metal-free nanoarrays as high-activity catalytic electrodes for glucose biosensing holds great significance. Herein, we propose a Ni nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanoribbon array on a titanium plate (Ni@TiO2/TP) as an effective non-enzymatic glucose biosensing electrode. The as-prepared Ni@TiO2/TP electrode demonstrates rapid glucose response, a wide linear response range (1 μM to 1 mM), a low detection limit (0.08 μM, S/N = 3), and high sensitivity (10 060 and 3940 μA mM−1 cm−2), with good mechanical flexibility and stability. Moreover, it proves efficient in glucose biosensing in real human blood serum and cell culture fluid. Thus, it is highly promising for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) has emerged as a crucial sensor device, owing to its numerous benefits such as label-free operation, miniaturization, high sensitivity, and rapid response time. Currently, ISFET technology excels in detecting ions, nucleic acids, proteins, and cellular components, with widespread applications in early disease screening, condition monitoring, and drug analysis. Recent advancements in sensing techniques, coupled with breakthroughs in nanomaterials and microelectronics, have significantly improved sensor performance. These developments are steering ISFETs toward a promising future characterized by enhanced sensitivity, seamless integration, and multifaceted detection capabilities. This review explores the structure and operational principles of ISFETs, highlighting recent research in ISFET biosensors for biomarker detection. It also examines the limitations of these sensors, proposes potential solutions, and anticipates their future trajectory. This review aims to provide a valuable reference for advancing ISFETs in the field of biomarker measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The direct electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) under ambient conditions has emerged as a promising solution for on-site applications, aiming to replace the energy-intensive, waste-generating, and indirect anthraquinone process. Recent advancements have focused on developing catalysts to enhance their activity and efficiency. However, the dynamic evolution and in situ construction behavior of electrocatalysts during operation have often been overlooked. Herein, we investigate the in situ electrochemical reconstruction process of oxygen-deficient TiO2, which forms on the surface of Ti2O3 during the ORR process. The reconstructed catalyst exhibits a complete transition from a 4e− ORR pathway to a 2e− pathway, exhibiting exceptional performance in synthesizing H2O2 with a faradaic efficiency exceeding 90%. Furthermore, by cross-confirmation with density functional calculations, we validate the transition process of the phase and ORR pathway by in situ electrochemical Raman and infrared spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemical CO2 reduction into value-added chemicals represents an attractive and promising approach to capitalize on the abundant CO2 present in the atmosphere. This reaction, however, is hampered by low energy efficiency and selectivity owing to competition from hydrogen evolution reaction and multiple-electron transfer processes. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop efficient yet cost-effective electrocatalysts to facilitate practical applications. Sn-based electrocatalysts have gained increasing attention in this active field due to their outstanding merits such as abundance, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in Sn-based catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), beginning with a brief introduction to the CO2RR mechanism. Subsequently, the CO2RR performance of various Sn-based catalysts with different structures is discussed. The article concludes by addressing the existing challenges and offering personal perspectives on the future prospects in this exciting research area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A numerical study on the operation of Si nanowire (NW) biosensors in charge-based sensing is presented. The simulation is built on physical models that, upon numerical convergence, coherently account for Fermi–Dirac, Poisson–Boltzman, site-binding and Gouy–Chapman–Stern theories in self-consistent manner. The method enables us to disentangle the impact of key design and experimental setup factors and assess their contribution to the sensitivity, linearity, and stability of such sensors. Our results quantitatively show SiNW sensor is significantly more stable when biased through solution gate than back gate; dense functional group at oxide surface and good SAM coverage are essential to linear and sensitive detection of uniformly distributed targets; compared to high concentration target detection, the effect of NW surface-to-volume ratio (S/V ) plays a more profound role in biomolecule detection when targets are at very low concentration, in which case, optimal S/V exists for a maximum sensitivity. Arbitrary down scaling beyond such S/V point may have reverse effect on sensor sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Each year, millions of new cancer cases and cancer-related deaths underscore the urgent need for effective, affordable screening methods. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which derived from tumors and shedding into bloodstream, are considered promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy due to their unique biological significance and the substantial volume of supporting research. Among many advanced CTCs detection methods, electrochemical sensing is rapidly developing due to their high selectivity, high sensitivity, low cost, and rapid detection capability, well meeting the growing demand for non-invasive liquid biopsy. This review focuses on the entire procedure of detecting CTCs using electrochemical cytosensors, starting from sample preparation, detailing bio-recognition elements for capturing CTCs, highlighting design strategies of cytosensor, and discussing the prospects and challenges of electrochemical cytosensor applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The exploration of noble metal-free nanoarrays as high-activity catalytic electrodes for glucose biosensing holds great significance. Herein, we propose a Ni nanoparticle-decorated TiO 2 nanoribbon array on a titanium plate (Ni@TiO 2 /TP) as an effective non-enzymatic glucose biosensing electrode. The as-prepared Ni@TiO 2 /TP electrode demonstrates rapid glucose response, a wide linear response range (1 μM to 1 mM), a low detection limit (0.08 μM, S/N = 3), and high sensitivity (10 060 and 3940 μA mM -1 cm -2 ), with good mechanical flexibility and stability. Moreover, it proves efficient in glucose biosensing in real human blood serum and cell culture fluid. Thus, it is highly promising for practical applications.

In the rapidly evolving field of life sciences and biomedicine, detecting low-abundance biomolecules, and ultraweak biosignals presents significant challenges. This has spurred a rapid development of analytical techniques aiming for increased sensitivity and specificity. These advancements, including signal amplification strategies and the integration of biorecognition events, mark a transformative era in bioanalytical precision and accuracy. A prominent method among these innovations is immuno-rolling circle amplification (immuno-RCA) technology, which effectively combines immunoassays with signal amplification via RCA. This process starts when a targeted biomolecule, such as a protein or cell, binds to an immobilized antibody or probe on a substrate. The introduction of a circular DNA template triggers RCA, leading to exponential amplification and significantly enhanced signal intensity, thus the target molecule is detectable and quantifiable even at the single-molecule level. This review provides an overview of the biosensing strategy and extensive practical applications of immuno-RCA in detecting biomarkers. Furthermore, it scrutinizes the limitations inherent to these sensors and sets forth expectations for their future trajectory. This review serves as a valuable reference for advancing immuno-RCA in various domains, such as diagnostics, biomarker discovery, and molecular imaging., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The pursuit of stable and efficient electrocatalysts toward seawater oxidation is of great interest, yet it poses considerable challenges. Herein, the utilization of Cr-doped CoFe-layered double hydroxide nanosheet array is reported on nickel-foam (Cr-CoFe-LDH/NF) as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline seawater. The Cr-CoFe-LDH/NF catalyst can achieve current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm  -2 with remarkably low overpotentials of only 334 and 369 mV, respectively. Furthermore, it maintains at least 100 h stability when operated at 500 mA cm -2 ., (© 2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Electrochemical CO 2 reduction into value-added chemicals represents an attractive and promising approach to capitalize on the abundant CO 2 present in the atmosphere. This reaction, however, is hampered by low energy efficiency and selectivity owing to competition from hydrogen evolution reaction and multiple-electron transfer processes. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop efficient yet cost-effective electrocatalysts to facilitate practical applications. Sn-based electrocatalysts have gained increasing attention in this active field due to their outstanding merits such as abundance, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in Sn-based catalysts for the CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), beginning with a brief introduction to the CO 2 RR mechanism. Subsequently, the CO 2 RR performance of various Sn-based catalysts with different structures is discussed. The article concludes by addressing the existing challenges and offering personal perspectives on the future prospects in this exciting research area.

Chemical functionalization of silicon oxide (SiO(2)) surfaces with silane molecules is an important technique for a variety of device and sensor applications. Quality control of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is difficult to achieve because of the lack of a direct measure for newly formed interfacial Si-O bonds. Herein we report a sensitive measure of the bonding interface between the SAM and SiO(2), whereby the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon mode of SiO(2) provides a high level of selectivity for the characterization of newly formed interfacial bonds. The intensity and spectral position of the LO peak, observed upon silanization of a variety of silane molecules, are shown to be reliable fingerprints of formation of interfacial bonds that effectively extend the Si-O network after SAM formation. While the IR absorption intensities of functional groups (e.g., >C=O, CH(2)/CH(3)) depend on the nature of the films, the blue-shift and intensity increase of the LO phonon mode are common to all silane molecules investigated and their magnitude is associated with the creation of interfacial bonds only. Moreover, results from this study demonstrate the ability of the LO phonon mode to analyze the silanization kinetics of SiO(2) surfaces, which provides mechanistic insights on the self-assembly process to help achieve a stable and high quality SAM.