232 results on '"Hossein Jadvar"'
Search Results
2. Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study
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Akshay S. Chaudhari, Erik Mittra, Guido A. Davidzon, Praveen Gulaka, Harsh Gandhi, Adam Brown, Tao Zhang, Shyam Srinivas, Enhao Gong, Greg Zaharchuk, and Hossein Jadvar
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Abstract More widespread use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is limited by its high cost and radiation dose. Reductions in PET scan time or radiotracer dosage typically degrade diagnostic image quality (DIQ). Deep-learning-based reconstruction may improve DIQ, but such methods have not been clinically evaluated in a realistic multicenter, multivendor environment. In this study, we evaluated the performance and generalizability of a deep-learning-based image-quality enhancement algorithm applied to fourfold reduced-count whole-body PET in a realistic clinical oncologic imaging environment with multiple blinded readers, institutions, and scanner types. We demonstrate that the low-count-enhanced scans were noninferior to the standard scans in DIQ (p
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- 2021
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3. Author Correction: Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study
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Akshay S. Chaudhari, Erik Mittra, Guido A. Davidzon, Praveen Gulaka, Harsh Gandhi, Adam Brown, Tao Zhang, Shyam Srinivas, Enhao Gong, Greg Zaharchuk, and Hossein Jadvar
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Published
- 2021
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4. PSMA Theranostics: Current Status and Future Directions
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Kambiz Rahbar MD, Ali Afshar-Oromieh MD, Hossein Jadvar MD, PhD, and Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar MD, MSc
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising target for imaging diagnostics and targeted radionuclide therapy (theranostics) of prostate cancer and its metastases. There is increasing evidence of encouraging response rates and a low toxicity profile of radioligand therapy (RLT) of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer using 177 Lu-labeled PSMA ligands. In this article, we review the current status of diagnostics and therapy using radiolabeled PSMA ligands. We also suggest protocols for patient selection criteria and conduct of PSMA-based RLT. Challenges and opportunities of PSMA theranostics are discussed.
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- 2018
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5. Imaging Cellular Proliferation in Prostate Cancer with Positron Emission Tomography
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Hossein Jadvar
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Prostate ,Cancer ,Proliferation ,PET ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Prostate cancer remains a major public health problem worldwide. Imaging plays an important role in the assessment of disease at all its clinical phases, including staging, restaging after definitive therapy, evaluation of therapy response, and prognostication. Positron emission tomography with a number of biologically targeted radiotracers has been demonstrated to have potential diagnostic and prognostic utility in the various clinical phases of this prevalent disease. Given the remarkable biological heterogeneity of prostate cancer, one major unmet clinical need that remains is the non-invasive imaging-based characterization of prostate tumors. Accurate tumor characterization allows for image-targeted biopsy and focal therapy as well as facilitates objective assessment of therapy effect. PET in conjunction with radiotracers that track the thymidine salvage pathway of DNA synthesis may be helpful to fulfill this necessity. We review briefly the preclinical and pilot clinical experience with the two major cellular proliferation radiotracers, [18F]-3’-deoxy-3’-fluorothymidine and [18F]-2’-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil in prostate cancer.
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- 2015
6. The Use of Imaging in the Prediction and Assessment of Cancer Treatment Toxicity
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Hossein Jadvar
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toxicity ,therapy ,cancer ,imaging ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Multimodal imaging is commonly used in the management of patients with cancer. Imaging plays pivotal roles in the diagnosis, initial staging, treatment response assessment, restaging after treatment and the prognosis of many cancers. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine modern precision cancer care without the use of multimodal molecular imaging, which is advancing at a rapid pace with innovative developments in imaging sciences and an improved understanding of the complex biology of cancer. Cancer therapy often leads to undesirable toxicity, which can range from an asymptomatic subclinical state to severe end organ damage and even death. Imaging is helpful in the portrayal of the unwanted effects of cancer therapy and may assist with optimal clinical decision-making, clinical management, and overall improvements in the outcomes and quality of life for patients.
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- 2017
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7. [F]-2′ -Fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (F-FMAU) in Prostate Cancer: Initial Preclinical Observations
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Hossein Jadvar, Li-Peng Yap, Ryan Park, Zibo Li, Kai Chen, Lindsey Hughes, Aida Kouhi, and Peter Conti
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
We hypothesized that imaging-based assessment of cellular proliferation in prostate cancer may improve tumor characterization. We therefore evaluated the biodistribution and effect of androgen on tumor uptake of the cellular proliferation imaging marker [ 18 F]-2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil ( 18 F-FMAU) in xenograft mouse models of human prostate cancer. Castrated and noncastrated athymic male mice were implanted with androgen-independent PC3 and androgen-sensitive CWR22 human prostate cancer cells. Dynamic micro–positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography was performed for 1 hour followed by 10-minute static scans at 2 and 3 hours. Animals were sacrificed after imaging for biodistribution studies and immunohistochemical staining of tumors for androgen receptor and Ki-67/MIB expression. 18 F-FMAU uptake was significantly higher in all major organs of the castrated animals in comparison with noncastrated mice, with the highest uptake in liver and the lowest uptake in muscle and bone. When compared to PC3 tumors, CWR22 xenografts showed significantly higher tumor to muscle (2.56 ± 0.30 vs 1.99 ± 0.30, p 5.008) and tumor to liver (1.72 ± 0.12 vs 1.26 ± 0.17, p = .0003) uptake ratios in the noncastrated animal at the 3-hour time point. Androgen receptor and Ki-67/MIB expressions were higher in CWR22 than in PC3 xenografts. Our initial preclinical observations suggest that there may be an association between androgen signaling and thymidine metabolism and that 18 F-FMAU PET may be useful in prostate tumor characterization.
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- 2012
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8. Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer: A Concise Synopsis
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Hossein Jadvar
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and continues to be a major public health problem. Imaging of prostate cancer remains particularly challenging owing to disease heterogeneity. Molecular imaging can provide unprecedented opportunities for deciphering the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the development and natural progression of prostate cancer from a localized process to the hormone-refractory metastatic disease. Such understanding will be the key for targeted imaging and therapy and for predicting and evaluating treatment response and prognosis. In this article, we review briefly the contribution of multimodality molecular imaging methods for the in vivo characterization of the pathophysiology of prostate cancer.
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- 2009
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9. Choline Autoradiography of Human Prostate Cancer Xenograft: Effect of Castration
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Hossein Jadvar, Alparslan Gurbuz, Xiankui Li, Antranik Shahinian, and Peter S. Conti
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of castration and tracer uptake time interval on the level of radiolabeled choline accumulation in murine-implanted human prostate tumor xenografts using quantitative autoradiography. We implanted androgen-dependent (CWR22) and androgen-independent (PC3) human prostate cancer cells in castrated ( n = 9) and noncastrated ( n = 9) athymic male mice and allowed tumors to grow to 1 cm 3 . The mice were euthanized at 5, 10, and 20 minutes after injection of 5 µCi [14C]-choline. Mice were prepared for quantitative autoradiography with density light units of viable tumor sections converted to units of radioactivity (nCi/mm 2 ) using calibration. Two-group comparisons were performed using a two-tailed Student t -test with unequal variance and with a significance probability level of less than .05. Two-group comparisons between the means of the tracer uptake level for each tumor type at each of three time points for each of two host types showed that (1) the level of tracer localization in the two tumor types was affected little in relation to the host type and (2) PC3 tumor uptake level tended to increase slowly with time only in the noncastrated host, whereas this was not observed in the castrated host or with CWR22 tumor in either host type. The uptake time interval and castration do not appear to significantly affect the level of radiolabeled choline uptake by the human prostate cancer xenograft.
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- 2008
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10. Glucose Metabolism of Human Prostate Cancer Mouse Xenografts
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Hossein Jadvar, Xiankui Li, Antranik Shahinian, Ryan Park, Michel Tohme, Jacek Pinski, and Peter S. Conti
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
We hypothesized that the glucose metabolism of prostate cancer is modulated by androgen. We performed in vivo biodistribution and imaging studies of [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation in androgen-sensitive (CWR-22) and androgen-independent (PC-3) human prostate cancer xenografts implanted in castrated and noncastrated male athymic mice. The growth pattern of the CWR-22 tumor was best approximated by an exponential function (tumor size in mm 3 = 14.913 e 0.108 × days , R 2 = .96, n = 5). The growth pattern of the PC-3 tumor was best approximated by a quadratic function (tumor size in mm 3 = 0.3511 × days 2 + 49.418 × day −753.33, R 2 = .96, n = 3). The FDG accumulation in the CWR-22 tumor implanted in the castrated mice was significantly lower, by an average of 55%, in comparison to that implanted in the noncastrated host (1.27 vs. 2.83, respectively, p < .05). The 3-week maximal standardized uptake value (SUV max ) was 0.99 ± 0.43 (mean ± SD ) for CWR-22 and 1.21 ± 0.32 for PC-3, respectively. The 5-week SUV max was 1.22 ± 0.08 for CWR-22 and 1.35 ± 0.17 for PC-3, respectively. The background muscle SUV max was 0.53 ± 0.11. Glucose metabolism was higher in the PC-3 tumor than in the CWR-22 tumor at both the 3-week (by 18%) and the 5-week (by 9.6%) micro-PET imaging sessions. Our results support the notions that FDG PET may be useful in the imaging evaluation of response to androgen ablation therapy and in the early prediction of hormone refractoriness in men with metastatic prostate cancer.
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- 2005
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11. Can Choline PET Tackle the Challenge of Imaging Prostate Cancer?
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Hossein Jadvar
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Medicine - Abstract
Positron emission tompography with radiolabeled (with 11C- or 18F-) choline has received much attention, particularly in Europe and Japan, over the past several years. While monitoring cellular membrane lipogenesis with radiolabeled choline is nonspecific for cancer, the malignancy-induced increased demand for cellular membrane synthesis can be a useful feature for imaging-based diagnosis and treatment evaluation. Many choline PET(/CT) studies have focused on prostate cancer given that 18F-flurodeoxyglucose appears to be primarily useful in progressive metastatic disease and is overall limited in the initial staging of disease or for evaluation of men with biochemical recurrence. The current evidence suggests that choline PET(/CT), particularly the 18F- label, may become routinely available, initially in many European countries, for the clinical imaging evaluation of men with prostate cancer.
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- 2012
12. Integrating Theranostics Into Patient Care Pathways: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review
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Aileen O'Shea, Amir Iravani, Babak Saboury, Hossein Jadvar, Onofrio Catalano, Umar Mahmood, and Pedram Heidari
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
13. Correlative Approach to Prostate Imaging
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Soheil Kooraki and Hossein Jadvar
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- 2023
14. Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen PET: Standard Imaging in Prostate Cancer
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Hossein Jadvar
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Male ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Prostate ,Humans ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2023
15. Management Impact of Metachronous Oligometastatic Disease Identified on 18F-Fluciclovine (Axumin™) PET/CT in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer
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Redmond-Craig Anderson, Erik M. Velez, and Hossein Jadvar
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Cancer Research ,Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2022
16. The VISION Forward: Recognition and Implication of PSMA−/18F-FDG+ mCRPC
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Hossein Jadvar
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2021
17. Integrating Theranostics Into Patient Care Pathways
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Aileen, O'Shea, Amir, Iravani, Babak, Saboury, Hossein, Jadvar, Onofrio, Catalano, Umar, Mahmood, and Pedram, Heidari
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Theranostics describes the coupling of a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic agent (i.e., a theranostic pair) that share a common target in tumor cells or their microenvironment. The term is increasingly associated with in vivo nuclear medicine oncologic applications that couple diagnostic imaging from gamma radiation with concomitant localized high-energy particulate radiation to a tissue expressing the common target. Several theranostic pairs have been translated into clinical practice in the United States and are poised to become a mainstay for cancer treatment. This article reviews experience to date with theranostics for solid-organ malignancies, addressing the practical integration into care pathways of beta-emitting therapies that include somatostatin analog radioligands for neuroendocrine tumors, prostate-specific membrane antigen-directed therapy for prostate cancer, and 131I-MIBG therapy for tumors of neural crest origin. Toxicities related to theranostics administration, as well as indications for therapy cessation in patients who experience adverse events, are also discussed. A multidisciplinary team-based approach for identifying patients most likely to respond to these agents, determining the optimal time for therapy delivery, and managing their care throughout the therapy course, is critical to the success of a radiotheranostic program.
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- 2022
18. Clinical Trials of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radiopharmaceutical Therapy
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Hossein Jadvar and Patrick M. Colletti
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Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine - Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) theranostics has been a momentous triumph for nuclear medicine. The recent approvals of PSMA-targeted imaging agents (
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- 2022
19. Tracking Docetaxel-Induced Cellular Proliferation Changes in Prostate Tumor-Bearing Mice with 18F-FMAU PET
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Hossein Jadvar, Ryan Park, Ivetta Vorobyova, and Kai Chen
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2022
20. SNMMI/ACR/ASNC/SCMR Joint Credentialing Statement for Cardiac PET/MRI: Endorsed by the American Heart Association
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Terrence D. Ruddy, Mouaz Al-Mallah, James A. Arrighi, John P. Bois, David A. Bluemke, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Vasken Dilsizian, Robert J. Gropler, Hossein Jadvar, Saurabh Malhotra, Matthier Pelletier-Galarneau, Thomas H. Schindler, Pamela K. Woodard, and Panithaya Chareonthaitawee
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Radiography ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Cardiology ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,American Heart Association ,Credentialing ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,United States - Published
- 2022
21. PD-1 inhibition therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis from the University of Southern California
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Hossein Jadvar, Gino K. In, Mark S. Swanson, Jenny Hu, Brittney DeClerck, Poorva Vaidya, David J Hermel, Niels Kokot, Ashley Wysong, Alicia M. Terando, Lawrence R. Menendez, Kevin King, Gene Kim, William W. Tseng, Charité Ricker, David Peng, Kimberly A. Miller, Julie E. Lang, Omar Ragab, and Alexandra Filkins
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0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma ,Hematology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Locally advanced ,General Medicine ,Disease ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Retrospective analysis ,Skin cancer ,Adverse effect ,business - Abstract
Approximately 5% of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) may develop recurrent or metastatic disease. The management of such cases is challenging and requires multi-disciplinary care. Immunotherapy using PD-1 inhibition was approved to treat unresectable or metastatic CSCC in 2018. Given limited data regarding clinical outcomes outside of published trials, we describe our experience using this therapy. We retrospectively reviewed all patients treated with PD-1 inhibition as therapy for locally advanced, regionally metastatic or distant metastatic CSCC at the University of Southern California. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment data using PD-1 inhibitors, and outcomes were assessed. Among 26 patients treated with PD-1 inhibition, the objective response rate was 42.3%, with 19.2% of patients having partial response and 23.1% having complete response to therapy. The median progression-free survival was 5.4 months. Median tumor mutational burden (TMB) was higher among responders compared to non-responders (60 vs. 9 Mut/Mb, p = 0.04). Primary CSCC tumor location on the head/neck was also associated with response to PD-1 inhibition (p = 0.04). Two patients with mutations affecting mismatch repair deficiency were noted to have complete response to treatment. No other variables were associated with treatment outcomes. PD-1 inhibition produces durable responses among patients with advanced or metastatic CSCC. PD-1 inhibition therapy is well tolerated, but patients should be monitored closely for immune-related adverse events, particularly frail or immune-suppressed patients. Further investigation of potential biomarkers to help identify patients who will derive the most benefit from this therapeutic option is needed.
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- 2020
22. Updates to Appropriate Use Criteria for PSMA PET
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Thomas A, Hope and Hossein, Jadvar
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Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Gallium Isotopes - Published
- 2022
23. Exploratory Evaluation of 18F-FMAU PET in Tracking Response to Docetaxel Treatment in Prostate Tumor-Bearing Mice
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Hossein Jadvar, Ryan Park, Ivetta Vorobyova, and Kai Chen
- Abstract
Background The aim of this exploratory preclinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of 18F-FMAU PET in quantitatively measuring response to a chemotherapeutic agent in experimental prostate cancer models. Methods and Materials: Docetaxel (DTX) ‒ a standard therapy agent in castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer was used as the chemotherapy drug. Athymic male nu/nu mice were inoculated with PC-3 cells in the right flank. After the tumor diameter reached 5 mm, DTX (24 mg/kg) was injected intravenously twice/week, whereas the control group was intravenously administered with saline. During the therapeutic period, the tumor size and body weight were monitored, and longitudinal PET scans were acquired with 18F-FMAU to evaluate tumor cell proliferation. 18F-FMAU PET scans were performed at 2 h post-injection of 18F-FMAU on days 0, 11, 18, and 22. Biodistribution studies were carried out after the PET scan on day 22. Results Consecutive administrations of DTX were effective in inhibiting PC-3 tumor growth compared to the control group. For PET imaging, PC-3 tumor uptake of 18F-FMAU in the treatment group was increased significantly from 3.09 ± 0.60%ID/g (day 0) to 5.32 ± 0.37%ID/g (day 22), whereas the 18F-FMAU tumor update in the control group remained relatively similar on day 0 (2.37 ± 0.51%ID/g) vs. day 22 (1.83 ± 0.22%ID/g). The tumor-to-muscle uptake ratio of 18F-FMAU was increased from 2.63 ± 0.20 (day 0) to 5.91 ± 1.1 (day 22) in the treatment group. On day 22, no statistical significance was observed on the tumor-to-muscle uptake ratio of 18F-FMAU in the treatment group vs. the control group. The tumor-to-liver uptake ratio of 18F-FMAU was also similar on day 22 in the treatment group (4.29 ± 0.09) vs. the control group (3.83 ± 0.59). Conclusion 18F-FMAU uptake in implanted PC-3 tumors increases with DTX treatment despite the decline in tumor size. Further investigation is needed to decipher the underlying biological mechanism of this flare effect and its relation to the predictability of therapy response.
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- 2022
24. Modeling and Percept of Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation in Humans.
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John Xie, Gene-Jack Wang, Lindy Yow, Carlos J. Cela, Mark S. Humayun, James D. Weiland, Gianluca Lazzi, and Hossein Jadvar
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- 2011
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25. Competitive Advantage of PSMA Theranostics in Prostate Cancer
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Hossein Jadvar
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Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,medicine.disease ,Competitive advantage ,Prostate cancer ,Reviews and Commentary ,Text mining ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Precision Medicine ,business - Published
- 2021
26. Salvage Therapies After 18F-Fluciclovine Detected Prostate Cancer Recurrences
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Leslie K. Ballas, Jeremy Paluch, Lindsay Hwang, Bhushan Desai, Hossein Jadvar, and Joseph R. England
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carboxylic Acids ,Salvage therapy ,Bone Neoplasms ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Androgen deprivation therapy ,Food and drug administration ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Salvage Therapy ,Patterns of care ,business.industry ,Postoperative radiation ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Androgen Antagonists ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dissection ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiology ,Previously treated ,business ,Cyclobutanes - Abstract
Background F-Fluciclovine is the most recent prostate cancer (PCa)-directed PET radiotracer approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for detection of recurrent PCa. We report the treatments and outcomes of patients at our institution with PCa recurrences detected on F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Methods We identified men with recurrent PCa detected on F-fluciclovine PET/CT performed between 2017 and 2018 who were previously treated definitively and analyzed their patterns of care and cancer-specific outcomes. Results We identified 28 men with recurrent PCa detected on F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Twenty-three were initially treated with surgery and 13 also received postoperative radiation therapy (RT). Five patients were initially treated with definitive radiation. After surgery, the median time to F-fluciclovine PET/CT was 67 months (median prostate-specific antigen [PSA] of 1.63 ng/mL). After RT, the median time to F-fluciclovine PET/CT was 95 months with median PSA of 13.31 ng/mL. Six men recurred locally, 9 recurred in the pelvic nodes, 9 had distant nodal recurrences, and 4 had osseous metastases. Of the patients initially treated with surgery, 4 received salvage radiation and 3 received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Of the patients initially treated with surgery and postoperative RT, 3 received salvage pelvic nodal dissection, 4 received salvage radiation, and 2 received ADT. Of the patients initially treated with radiation, 4 received salvage ADT. All had PSA decline after salvage therapy. Conclusions F-fluciclovine PET/CT can localize PCa recurrences, and subsequent salvage therapies appear effective with decreasing PSA. Longer follow-up will reveal if these diagnostic tests and subsequent therapies will improve PCa survival.
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- 2020
27. Joint EANM, SNMMI, and IAEA Enabling Guide : How to Set up a Theranostics Center
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Ken Herrmann, Luca Giovanella, Andrea Santos, Jonathan Gear, Pinar Ozgen Kiratli, Jens Kurth, Ana M. Denis-Bacelar, Roland Hustinx, Marianne Patt, Richard L. Wahl, Diana Paez, Francesco Giammarile, Hossein Jadvar, Neeta Pandit-Taskar, Munir Ghesani, and Jolanta Kunikowska
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Male ,Iodine Radioisotopes ,Medizin ,Humans ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Thyroid Neoplasms ,Precision Medicine ,Nuclear Medicine - Abstract
The theranostics concept using the same target for both imaging and therapy dates back to the middle of the last century, when radioactive iodine was first used to treat thyroid diseases. Since then, radioiodine has become broadly established clinically for diagnostic imaging and therapy of benign and malignant thyroid disease, worldwide. However, only since the approval of SSTR2-targeting theranostics following the NETTER-1 trial in neuroendocrine tumors, and the positive outcome of the VISION trial has theranostics gained substantial attention beyond nuclear medicine. The roll-out of radioligand therapy for treating a high-incidence tumor such as prostate cancer requires the expansion of existing and the establishment of new theranostics centers. Despite wide global variation in the regulatory, financial and medical landscapes, this guide attempts to provide valuable information to enable interested stakeholders to safely initiate and operate theranostic centers. This enabling guide does not intend to answer all possible questions, but rather to serve as an overarching framework for multiple, more detailed future initiatives. It recognizes that there are regional differences in the specifics of regulation of radiation safety, but common elements of best practice valid globally.
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- 2022
28. Appropriate Use Criteria for Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET Imaging
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Kirsten Greene, Trevor J. Royce, Simpa S. Salami, Bridget F. Koontz, James L. Gulley, Hossein Jadvar, Daniel W. Lin, Michael J. Morris, Felix Feng, Steve P. Rowe, Thomas A. Hope, Jeremie Calais, Sandy Srinivas, Stefano Fanti, Bital Savir-Baruch, and Michael S Hofman
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Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ,Appropriate Use Criteria ,business.industry ,Antigens, Surface ,Cancer research ,Glutamate carboxypeptidase II ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Pet imaging ,business - Published
- 2022
29. Targeted Radionuclide Therapy and Immunotherapy of Metastatic Prostate Cancer
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Hossein Jadvar
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Oncology ,Prostate cancer ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Internal medicine ,Targeted radionuclide therapy ,medicine ,Overall survival ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,business ,humanities - Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer is not curable. There have been major strides in the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer with many available therapeutic options which generally prolong the overall survival about an average of 4 months. The more recent advances are in immunotherapy and targeted radionuclide therapy, which are the focus of this chapter. We review the current evidence in these arenas and comment on future developments that are anticipated to transform the treatment landscape of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
- Published
- 2021
30. Author Correction: Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study
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Erik Mittra, Tao Zhang, Enhao Gong, S. Srinivas, Praveen Gulaka, Greg Zaharchuk, Harsh Gandhi, Hossein Jadvar, Akshay S. Chaudhari, Guido Davidzon, and Adam Brown
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Radionuclide imaging ,Published Erratum ,Deep learning ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,MEDLINE ,R858-859.7 ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Health Informatics ,Translational research ,Computer Science Applications ,Health Information Management ,Medicine ,Whole body pet ,Medical physics ,Cancer imaging ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Author Correction - Abstract
More widespread use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is limited by its high cost and radiation dose. Reductions in PET scan time or radiotracer dosage typically degrade diagnostic image quality (DIQ). Deep-learning-based reconstruction may improve DIQ, but such methods have not been clinically evaluated in a realistic multicenter, multivendor environment. In this study, we evaluated the performance and generalizability of a deep-learning-based image-quality enhancement algorithm applied to fourfold reduced-count whole-body PET in a realistic clinical oncologic imaging environment with multiple blinded readers, institutions, and scanner types. We demonstrate that the low-count-enhanced scans were noninferior to the standard scans in DIQ (p 0.05) and overall diagnostic confidence (p 0.001) independent of the underlying PET scanner used. Lesion detection for the low-count-enhanced scans had a high patient-level sensitivity of 0.94 (0.83-0.99) and specificity of 0.98 (0.95-0.99). Interscan kappa agreement of 0.85 was comparable to intrareader (0.88) and pairwise inter-reader agreements (maximum of 0.72). SUV quantification was comparable in the reference regions and lesions (lowest p-value=0.59) and had high correlation (lowest CCC = 0.94). Thus, we demonstrated that deep learning can be used to restore diagnostic image quality and maintain SUV accuracy for fourfold reduced-count PET scans, with interscan variations in lesion depiction, lower than intra- and interreader variations. This method generalized to an external validation set of clinical patients from multiple institutions and scanner types. Overall, this method may enable either dose or exam-duration reduction, increasing safety and lowering the cost of PET imaging.
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- 2021
31. Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study
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Praveen Gulaka, Harsh Gandhi, Erik Mittra, Hossein Jadvar, Enhao Gong, S. Srinivas, Akshay S. Chaudhari, Tao Zhang, Adam Brown, Greg Zaharchuk, and Guido Davidzon
- Subjects
Scanner ,Lesion detection ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Radionuclide imaging ,business.industry ,Image quality ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Health Informatics ,Pet imaging ,Translational research ,Article ,Computer Science Applications ,Scan time ,Health Information Management ,Positron emission tomography ,medicine ,Cancer imaging ,Whole body pet ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Kappa - Abstract
More widespread use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is limited by its high cost and radiation dose. Reductions in PET scan time or radiotracer dosage typically degrade diagnostic image quality (DIQ). Deep-learning-based reconstruction may improve DIQ, but such methods have not been clinically evaluated in a realistic multicenter, multivendor environment. In this study, we evaluated the performance and generalizability of a deep-learning-based image-quality enhancement algorithm applied to fourfold reduced-count whole-body PET in a realistic clinical oncologic imaging environment with multiple blinded readers, institutions, and scanner types. We demonstrate that the low-count-enhanced scans were noninferior to the standard scans in DIQ (p p p-value=0.59) and had high correlation (lowest CCC = 0.94). Thus, we demonstrated that deep learning can be used to restore diagnostic image quality and maintain SUV accuracy for fourfold reduced-count PET scans, with interscan variations in lesion depiction, lower than intra- and interreader variations. This method generalized to an external validation set of clinical patients from multiple institutions and scanner types. Overall, this method may enable either dose or exam-duration reduction, increasing safety and lowering the cost of PET imaging.
- Published
- 2021
32. Prostate Cancer Lymphangitic Pulmonary Carcinomatosis
- Author
-
Eric Winquist, Steve Y. Cho, Hossein Jadvar, Katherine Zukotynski, Chun K. Kim, and Kylea Potvin
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastroenterology ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Androgen deprivation therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Prednisone ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Urea ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,PET-CT ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,Lysine ,Abiraterone acetate ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,chemistry ,Docetaxel ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Disease Progression ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A 51-year-old man diagnosed with high-grade, high-volume metastatic castration-sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma received pelvic radiation, androgen deprivation therapy, and intravenous docetaxel. Serum prostate-specific antigen became undetectable following treatment. Within a year, his cancer progressed to castration-resistant disease, and he was treated with oral abiraterone acetate 1000 mg and prednisone 10 mg daily. Despite this, the serum prostate-specific antigen rose from 0.03 to 1.39 μg/L, and F-DCFPyL and F-FDG PET/CT showed progression. While F-DCFPyL uptake may be seen in aggressive disease, F-FDG portends poor prognosis. Despite intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy, the patient died of respiratory failure 20 months after his initial diagnosis.
- Published
- 2020
33. Gallium-68–Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–11 PET/CT of Prostate and Nonprostate Cancers
- Author
-
Sumbul Zaheer, Hossein Jadvar, Salwa Barmaky, Wee Ming Peh, Twyla Bartel, Mickaila J. Johnston, and Saabry Osmany
- Subjects
Male ,Bone Neoplasms ,Gallium Radioisotopes ,Soft Tissue Neoplasms ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Article ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Diagnosis, Differential ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Prostate ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Glutamate carboxypeptidase II ,Humans ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,Aged ,Membrane antigen ,Aged, 80 and over ,PET-CT ,business.industry ,68ga psma ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to provide a concise summary of the current experience with (68)Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–11 imaging of prostate and nonprostate malignancies and benign conditions. CONCLUSION. PSMA is overexpressed in prostate cancer and in the neovasculature of many other malignancies. The relevance of PSMA as a biologic target, coupled with advances in the design, synthesis, and evaluation of PSMA-based radionuclides for imaging and therapy, is anticipated to play a major role in patient care.
- Published
- 2019
34. 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT Detection of Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma in Patients With Serum PSA ≤ 1 ng/mL After Definitive Primary Treatment
- Author
-
Hossein Jadvar, Joseph R. England, Jeremy Paluch, and Leslie K. Ballas
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carboxylic Acids ,Urology ,Article ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,medicine ,Humans ,Doubling time ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,Fisher's exact test ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,PET-CT ,business.industry ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,symbols ,Primary treatment ,Neoplasm Grading ,Positive Surgical Margin ,Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma ,business ,Cyclobutanes - Abstract
PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to report on our initial experience using (18)F-fluciclovine PET/CT to detect recurrent prostate carcinoma in patients with low serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after definitive treatment of primary disease and to conduct a preliminary investigation for factors associated with positive scan findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, (18)F-fluciclovine PET/CT scans from 28 men with suspected recurrence of prostate carcinoma and PSAvalues of 1 ng/mL or less were examined to identify the site(s) of disease recurrence. Differences in detection rate for Gleason scores of 7 and greater than 7, T2 and T3 disease, negative and positive surgical margins, and negative and positive seminal vesicle invasion were compared using the Fisher exact test. Mean PSA and mean PSA doubling time of patients with positive scans and negative scans were compared using the independent 2-group t test. RESULTS: At least one site of disease recurrence was identified in 13 (46.4%) of 28 patients. Disease detection rate was significantly higher in patients with history of Gleason score greater than 7 (Fisher exact test, P = 0.004). Mean PSA and PSA doubling time were not significantly different between patients with positive and negative (18)F-fluciclovine PET/CT scans (P = 0.29 and 0.70, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Detection of recurrent prostate cancer using (18)F-fluciclovine PET/CT is possible in patients with low but rising PSA levels of 1 ng/mL or less. In such patients, local and nodal recurrences are more common than distant metastasis, and Gleason score greater than 7 is associated with positive scan results.
- Published
- 2019
35. Management of Primary Osseous Spinal Tumors with PET
- Author
-
Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Scott Rudkin, Ali Batouli, George R. Matcuk, David A. Petrov, and Hossein Jadvar
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Spinal Neoplasms ,Radiation ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Pet imaging ,Mr imaging ,Response to treatment ,Bone and Bones ,Spine ,Article ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,Molecular imaging ,business - Abstract
Knowledge of the PET imaging findings of osseous spinal neoplasms is essential, because they are common incidental findings on PET scans done for staging of unrelated primary malignancies. Additionally, PET can help differentiate lesions that are not clearly defined by anatomic modalities alone. PET can also be used for follow-up of aggressive tumors to assess response to treatment, often proving superior to CT or MR imaging alone for this purpose. This review discusses the role of PET/CT and PET/MR imaging in the diagnosis and management of primary benign and malignant osseous tumors of the spine.
- Published
- 2019
36. Targeted α-therapy in non-prostate malignancies
- Author
-
Patrick M. Colletti and Hossein Jadvar
- Subjects
Oncology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Neuroendocrine tumors ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Targeted therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prostate ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radioisotopes ,Urinary bladder ,business.industry ,Melanoma ,Cancer ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Leukemia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,business - Abstract
Progress in unraveling the complex biology of cancer, novel developments in radiochemistry, and availability of relevant α-emitters for targeted therapy have provided innovative approaches to precision cancer management. The approval of 223Ra dichloride for treatment of men with osseous metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer unleashed targeted α-therapy as a safe and effective cancer management strategy. While there is currently active research on new α-therapy regimens for prostate cancer based on the prostate-specific membrane antigen, there is emerging development of radiopharmaceutical therapy with a range of biological targets and α-emitting radioisotopes for malignancies other than the prostate cancer. This article provides a brief review of preclinical and first-in-human studies of targeted α-therapy in the cancers of brain, breast, lung, gastrointestinal, pancreas, ovary, and the urinary bladder. The data on leukemia, melanoma, myeloma, and neuroendocrine tumors will also be presented. It is anticipated that with further research the emerging role of targeted α-therapy in cancer management will be defined and validated.
- Published
- 2021
37. Management Impact of (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in Neuroendocrine Tumors
- Author
-
Hossein Jadvar, Redmond-Craig Anderson, Bhushan Desai, and Erik Velez
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,PET-CT ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Neuroendocrine tumors ,medicine.disease ,Primary tumor ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Pheochromocytoma ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Paraganglioma ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cohort ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Original Article ,Radiology ,business ,Insulinoma - Abstract
PURPOSE: The goal of our retrospective single tertiary academic medical center investigation was to examine the added diagnostic value and clinical impact of (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in the therapeutic management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). METHODS: Imaging database was queried for all “PET-DOTATATE” examinations performed at our tertiary care academic institution using MONTAGE™. The patient’s clinical history and recent prior imaging were reviewed. The additional diagnostic value and clinical management impact of (68)Ga-DOTATATE were assessed through retrospective chart review. RESULTS: A total of 81 (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scans in 74 patients were found, and 11 patients were excluded from analysis as they had no prior imaging available for comparison, with resultant analysis cohort of 63 patients. Six patients had 2 or more (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT examinations. The most common primary diagnosis was undifferentiated NET (63.5%), followed by carcinoid (27.0%), paraganglioma (4.8%), insulinoma (3.2%), and pheochromocytoma (1.6%). The primary sites of disease from the most to the least common were the pancreas (36.5%), small bowel (22.2%), unknown primary (15.9%), lung (6.3%), large bowel (6.3%), and mesentery (4.8%), and other locations accounted for 7.9%. In patients who had prior imaging available for comparison, there were new lesions identified on (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in 21 patients (33.3%) that were not identified on other prior imaging modalities. Of these patients, 5 underwent subsequent MRI and 1 had a repeat (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT to further characterize new lesions seen. Moreover, 15 patients (23.8%) had a change in treatment plan, including altering medical therapy in 9 patients, change in planned extent of surgical management in 5 patients, and cancelation of a planned primary tumor resection in 1 patient with metastatic disease. CONCLUSION: Our retrospective cohort demonstrated that (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT improves lesion detection over conventional imaging in 33.3% and impacts the therapeutic management in 23.8% of patients with NET.
- Published
- 2021
38. Nuclear Imaging in the Management of Infective Endocarditis
- Author
-
Patrick M. Colletti and Hossein Jadvar
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Nuclear imaging ,Classification scheme ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Duke criteria ,Positron emission tomography ,Infective endocarditis ,medicine ,Endocarditis ,Radiology ,business ,Pathological - Abstract
Infection of the heart with or without cardiac devices or prosthetic valves remains a serious disease that requires accurate diagnosis and early and adequate treatment to improve patient outcome. The modified Duke criteria are considered the standard of reference for diagnosing infective endocarditis and are based on clinical, microbiological, pathological, and echocardiographic findings. However, the Duke classification scheme can be inconclusive in detecting the presence and extent of infection. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography have been the cornerstone imaging modality for evaluation of the heart. However, echocardiography is relatively insensitive in detecting early or subtle infection-related morphological changes and in distinguishing infected valve vegetations from structural changes in successfully treated valves. Single-photon radiolabeled leukocytes or positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) have been the most commonly used nuclear imaging techniques in the assessment of infective endocarditis. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses support the utility of nuclear imaging in cardiac infection. FDG PET may have a competitive advantage over radiolabeled leukocyte scintigraphy since it does not require blood draw for leukocyte labeling, and in conjunction with computed tomography (CT) provides anatomic correlation for accurate localization of infectious foci both within and outside of the heart.
- Published
- 2021
39. Role of
- Author
-
Bital, Savir-Baruch, Peter L, Choyke, Steven P, Rowe, David M, Schuster, Rathan M, Subramaniam, and Hossein, Jadvar
- Subjects
Male ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Carboxylic Acids ,Humans ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,Cyclobutanes - Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, oligometastatic disease was proposed as an intermediary clinical state of cancer with unique implications for therapies that may impact cancer evolution and patient outcome. Identification of limited metastases that are potentially amenable to targeted therapies fundamentally depends on the sensitivity of diagnostic tools, including new-generation imaging methods. For men with biochemical recurrence after definitive therapy of the primary prostate cancer, PET/CT using either the FDA-approved radiolabeled amino acid analogue
- Published
- 2020
40. Radiology-Nuclear Medicine Diagnostic Imaging : A Correlative Approach
- Author
-
Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Majid Assadi, Hossein Jadvar, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Majid Assadi, and Hossein Jadvar
- Subjects
- Radiology, Diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Multidisciplinary Diagnostic Imaging provides in-depth guidance on applying the principles of radiologic-nuclear medicine correlation to the interpretation of imaging for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive indications. Describing the clinical implications of all major imaging modalities, this comprehensive professional reference offers one-stop coverage of the common diagnostic applications encountered by nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists in day-to-day practice. The book develops the nuclear diagnostic skills necessary to interpret combined imaging modalities and correlate radiologic findings using a disease- and organ-based approach to radiologic interpretation. Thematically organized sections explore a variety of pathologies including diseases of the head and neck, gastrointestinal tract, and pulmonary, endocrine, and central nervous system. Written by internationally recognized experts, this important resource:
- Published
- 2023
41. Invited Commentary: Nuclear Theranostics-The Path Forward
- Author
-
Hossein Jadvar and Bennett S Greenspan
- Subjects
Information retrieval ,business.industry ,Neoplasms ,Path (graph theory) ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Nuclear Medicine ,Precision Medicine ,business ,Medical Oncology ,Theranostic Nanomedicine - Published
- 2020
42. PD-1 inhibition therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis from the University of Southern California
- Author
-
Gino K, In, Poorva, Vaidya, Alexandra, Filkins, David J, Hermel, Kevin G, King, Omar, Ragab, William W, Tseng, Mark, Swanson, Niels, Kokot, Julie E, Lang, Lawrence, Menendez, Brittney, DeClerck, Gene, Kim, Jenny C, Hu, Alicia, Terando, Hossein, Jadvar, Charité, Ricker, Kimberly A, Miller, David H, Peng, and Ashley, Wysong
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Skin Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,California ,Progression-Free Survival ,Young Adult ,Treatment Outcome ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Disease Progression ,Humans ,Female ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Approximately 5% of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) may develop recurrent or metastatic disease. The management of such cases is challenging and requires multi-disciplinary care. Immunotherapy using PD-1 inhibition was approved to treat unresectable or metastatic CSCC in 2018. Given limited data regarding clinical outcomes outside of published trials, we describe our experience using this therapy.We retrospectively reviewed all patients treated with PD-1 inhibition as therapy for locally advanced, regionally metastatic or distant metastatic CSCC at the University of Southern California. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment data using PD-1 inhibitors, and outcomes were assessed.Among 26 patients treated with PD-1 inhibition, the objective response rate was 42.3%, with 19.2% of patients having partial response and 23.1% having complete response to therapy. The median progression-free survival was 5.4 months. Median tumor mutational burden (TMB) was higher among responders compared to non-responders (60 vs. 9 Mut/Mb, p = 0.04). Primary CSCC tumor location on the head/neck was also associated with response to PD-1 inhibition (p = 0.04). Two patients with mutations affecting mismatch repair deficiency were noted to have complete response to treatment. No other variables were associated with treatment outcomes.PD-1 inhibition produces durable responses among patients with advanced or metastatic CSCC. PD-1 inhibition therapy is well tolerated, but patients should be monitored closely for immune-related adverse events, particularly frail or immune-suppressed patients. Further investigation of potential biomarkers to help identify patients who will derive the most benefit from this therapeutic option is needed.
- Published
- 2020
43. A review of prostate cancer imaging, positron emission tomography, and radiopharmaceutical-based therapy
- Author
-
Twyla Bartel, Zonia Ghumman, Phillip H. Kuo, Hossein Jadvar, Amy Pawson, Katherine Zukotynski, and Bobby Shayegan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Prostate cancer ,Oncology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Positron emission tomography ,Urology ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,Radiology ,Review ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2020
44. Optimum Imaging Strategies for Advanced Prostate Cancer: ASCO Guideline
- Author
-
Anwar R. Padhani, Sadhna Verma, Christopher R. Porter, Stefano Fanti, Jonathan A. Coleman, Jeffrey Kamradt, R. Bryan Rumble, Jorge Oldan, Andrew B. Rosenkrantz, Peter L. Choyke, Aytekin Oto, Matthew I. Milowsky, Westley Sholes, Andrei S. Purysko, H. Alberto Vargas, Ashesh B. Jani, Baris Turkbey, Kirk A. Keegan, Glenn Bauman, Adam T. Froemming, Martin G. Pomper, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Peter A. Pinto, Matthias Eiber, Heinz Peter Schlemmer, Suneil Jain, Thomas A. Hope, Hossein Jadvar, Daniel Margolis, Michael J. Morris, and Trabulsi EJ, Rumble RB, Jadvar H, Hope T, Pomper M, Turkbey B, Rosenkrantz AB, Verma S, Margolis DJ, Froemming A, Oto A, Purysko A, Milowsky MI, Schlemmer HP, Eiber M, Morris MJ, Choyke PL, Padhani A, Oldan J, Fanti S, Jain S, Pinto PA, Keegan KA, Porter CR, Coleman JA, Bauman GS, Jani AB, Kamradt JM, Sholes W, Vargas HA.
- Subjects
Oncology ,Diagnostic Imaging ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MEDLINE ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Prostate ,Internal medicine ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Medicine ,Humans ,prostate cancer, asco ,business.industry ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Guideline ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
PURPOSE Provide evidence- and expert-based recommendations for optimal use of imaging in advanced prostate cancer. Due to increases in research and utilization of novel imaging for advanced prostate cancer, this guideline is intended to outline techniques available and provide recommendations on appropriate use of imaging for specified patient subgroups. METHODS An Expert Panel was convened with members from ASCO and the Society of Abdominal Radiology, American College of Radiology, Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, American Urological Association, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Urologic Oncology to conduct a systematic review of the literature and develop an evidence-based guideline on the optimal use of imaging for advanced prostate cancer. Representative index cases of various prostate cancer disease states are presented, including suspected high-risk disease, newly diagnosed treatment-naïve metastatic disease, suspected recurrent disease after local treatment, and progressive disease while undergoing systemic treatment. A systematic review of the literature from 2013 to August 2018 identified fully published English-language systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses, reports of rigorously conducted phase III randomized controlled trials that compared ≥ 2 imaging modalities, and noncomparative studies that reported on the efficacy of a single imaging modality. RESULTS A total of 35 studies met inclusion criteria and form the evidence base, including 17 systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis and 18 primary research articles. RECOMMENDATIONS One or more of these imaging modalities should be used for patients with advanced prostate cancer: conventional imaging (defined as computed tomography [CT], bone scan, and/or prostate magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and/or next-generation imaging (NGI), positron emission tomography [PET], PET/CT, PET/MRI, or whole-body MRI) according to the clinical scenario.
- Published
- 2020
45. PET in the Diagnostic Management of Soft Tissue Sarcomas of Musculoskeletal Origin
- Author
-
Sanaz Katal, Hossein Jadvar, Mojtaba Olyaei, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, and Michael Kessler
- Subjects
Treatment response ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bone Neoplasms ,Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma ,Liposarcoma ,Article ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Angiosarcoma ,Rhabdomyosarcoma ,Neoplasm Staging ,Muscle Neoplasms ,Radiation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Soft tissue ,Sarcoma ,General Medicine ,Pet imaging ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Positron emission tomography ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiology ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,business ,Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue - Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) account for less than 1% of adult solid tumors and about 7% of pediatric malignancies, causing 2% of cancer-related deaths. With the advent of PET-computed tomography (CT), the value of (18) fluorine-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) PET imaging to improve the management of STSs has been explored. FDG PET imaging has been found useful in restaging and treatment response assessment. This article reviews current knowledge and application of FDG PET-CT in initial diagnosis, staging, restaging, treatment response monitoring, and prognosis, with a brief overview of the most common histologic subtypes of STS.
- Published
- 2018
46. Appropriate Use Criteria for Imaging Evaluation of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Definitive Primary Treatment
- Author
-
Alan K. Klitzke, Samir S. Taneja, Ken Herrmann, Stefano Fanti, Steven P. Rowe, Herbert Alberto Vargas, Peter L. Choyke, Leslie K. Ballas, Thomas A. Hope, Martin G. Pomper, Rathan M. Subramaniam, Jorge D. Oldan, James L. Gulley, Hossein Jadvar, and Sukhjeet Ahuja
- Subjects
Oncology ,Biochemical recurrence ,Diagnostic Imaging ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Appropriate Use Criteria ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigen ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neoplasm Staging ,business.industry ,Prostatectomy ,breakpoint cluster region ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Reference Standards ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business - Abstract
Imaging is often used to evaluate men with biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after definitive primary treatment (radical prostatectomy [RP] or radiotherapy [RT]). The goal of imaging is to identify the source of elevated or rising serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels because
- Published
- 2019
47. Radiotheranostics in Cancer Diagnosis and Management
- Author
-
Umar Mahmood, Hossein Jadvar, Weibo Cai, and Xiaoyuan Chen
- Subjects
Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MEDLINE ,Contrast Media ,Public Policy ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Precision Medicine ,Extramural ,business.industry ,Neoplasms therapy ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Reviews and Commentary ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Antigens, Surface ,Receptors, Chemokine ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,business - Abstract
The fundamental foundation for precision medicine is accurate and specific targeting of cancer cells. Advances in the understanding of cancer biology, developments in diagnostic technologies, and expansion of therapeutic options have all contributed to the concept of personalized cancer care. Theranostics is the systematic integration of targeted diagnostics and therapeutics. The theranostic platform includes an imaging component that "sees" the lesions followed by administration of the companion therapy agent that "treats" the same lesions. This strategy leads to enhanced therapy efficacy, manageable adverse events, improved patient outcome, and lower overall costs. Radiotheranostics refers to the use of radionuclides for the paired imaging and therapy agents. Radioiodine is the classic radiotheranostic agent that has been used clinically in management of thyroid diseases for nearly 75 years. More recently there have been major exciting strides in radiotheranostics for neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer, among other conditions. Regulatory approval of a number of radiotheranostic pairs is anticipated in the near future. Continued support will be needed in research and development to keep pace with the current momentum in radiotheranostics innovations. Moreover, regulatory and reimbursement agencies need to streamline their requirements for seamless transfer of the radiotheranostic agents from the bench to the bedside. In this review, the concept, history, recent developments, current challenges, and outlook for radiotheranostics in the treatment of patients with cancer will be discussed.
- Published
- 2018
48. Nuclear Medicine Textbook: Methodology and Clinical Applications
- Author
-
Hossein Jadvar
- Subjects
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2021
49. Nononcologic Applications of PET/CT and PET/MRI in Musculoskeletal, Orthopedic, and Rheumatologic Imaging: General Considerations, Techniques, and Radiopharmaceuticals
- Author
-
George R. Matcuk, Abass Alavi, Hossein Jadvar, Ali Batouli, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Mojtaba Olyaie, and Kyle Basques
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,PET-CT ,Musculoskeletal imaging ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Whole body imaging ,General Medicine ,Palpation ,Mr imaging ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Current management ,Positron emission tomography ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Orthopedic surgery ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is often underutilized in the field of musculoskeletal imaging, with key reasons including the excellent performance of conventional musculoskeletal MRI, the limited spatial resolution of PET, and the lack of reimbursement for PET for non-oncologic musculoskeletal indications. However, with improvements in PET/CT and PET/MR imaging over the last decade as well as an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal diseases, there is an emerging potential for PET as a primary or complementary modality in the management of rheumatologic and orthopedic patients. Specific advantages of PET include the convenience of whole body imaging in a single session, the relative resilience of the modality in the imaging of metallic implants compared to CT and MRI, the ability to evaluate deep joints not amenable to palpation, and the potential for improved specificity of diagnosis with novel radiopharmaceuticals. In this review, we discuss multiple radiopharmaceuticals and technical consideration of PET/CT and PET/MRI that can be employed in imaging of non-tumoral bone and soft tissue disorders. Both PET/CT and PET/MR hold significant promise in the field of musculoskeletal imaging, and with further radiopharmaceutical development and clinical research, these hybrid modalities can potentially transform the current management of patients with orthopedic and rheumatologic disease.
- Published
- 2017
50. 18F-FDG PET/CT Monitoring of Response to Programmed Death Protein 1 Blockade in Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Author
-
Hossein Jadvar and Gino K. In
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Salvage therapy ,General Medicine ,Pembrolizumab ,Metastatic basal cell carcinoma ,Sonidegib ,Hedgehog signaling pathway ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Blockade ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Spinal fusion ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Corpectomy ,business - Abstract
A 73-year-old woman with history of metastatic basal cell carcinoma presented with a large spinal mass demonstrating a high mutational burden of 111 mutations/Mb. She underwent T12 corpectomy and T10-L3 posterior spinal fusion followed by adjuvant radiation. After 2 years of surveillance, FDG PET/CT and a contrast-enhanced MRI revealed recurrence, prompting salvage therapy with the hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor, sonidegib, which only transiently stabilized the disease. An off-label treatment with the programmed death protein 1 inhibitor, pembrolizumab, was initiated. Serial FDG PET/CT showed gradual decline in tumor metabolism over the next 12 months, leading to complete metabolic response.
- Published
- 2021
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