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1. Reply to Kratz et al.

Author: Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Lagercrantz, S.B. (Svetlana Bajalica), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Magenheim, R. (Rita), Evans, D.G. (D. Gareth), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Teixeira, M. (Manuel), Tham, E. (Emma), Jan, L. (Lubinski), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Hietala, M. (Marja), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Lagercrantz, S.B. (Svetlana Bajalica), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Magenheim, R. (Rita), Evans, D.G. (D. Gareth), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Teixeira, M. (Manuel), Tham, E. (Emma), Jan, L. (Lubinski), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), and Hietala, M. (Marja)
Published: 2020
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2. Guidelines for the Li–Fraumeni and heritable TP53-related cancer syndromes

Author: Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Bajalica Lagercrantz, S. (Svetlana), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Magenheim, R. (Rita), Evans, D.G. (D. Gareth), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, G. (Gareth), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Teixeira, P.J., Tham, E. (Emma), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Hietala, M. (Marja), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Bajalica Lagercrantz, S. (Svetlana), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Magenheim, R. (Rita), Evans, D.G. (D. Gareth), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, G. (Gareth), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Teixeira, P.J., Tham, E. (Emma), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), and Hietala, M. (Marja)
Abstract: Fifty years after the recognition of the Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), our perception of cancers related to germline alterations of TP53 has drastically changed: (i) germline TP53 alterations are often identified among children with cancers, in particular soft-tissue sarcomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, central nervous system tumours, or among adult females with early breast cancers, without familial history. This justifies the expansion of the LFS concept to a wider cancer predisposition syndrome designated heritable TP53-related cancer (hTP53rc) syndrome; (ii) the interpretation of germline TP53 variants remains challenging and should integrate epidemiological, phenotypical, bioinformatics prediction, and functional data; (iii) the penetrance of germline disease-causing TP53 variants is variable, depending both on the type of variant (dominant-negative variants being associated with a higher canc
Published: 2020
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3. Cancer Surveillance Guideline for individuals with PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome

Author: Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Pouwels, S. (Sjaak), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Bisseling, T. (Tanya), Bubien, V. (Virginie), Caux, F. (Frederic), Chabbert-Buffet, N. (Nathalie), Da Mota Gomes, S. (Sophie), Gotthardt, M. (Martin), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Lachlan, K. (Katherine), Links, T.P. (Thera), Longy, M. (Michel), Mann, R. (Ritse), Kool, L.S. (Leo Schultze), Semple, R.K. (Robert K.), Stock, I. (Ian), Vos, J.R. (Janet), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, G. (Gareth), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Teixeira, P.J., Bajalica-Lagercrantz, S. (Svetlana), Tham, E. (Emma), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Hietala, M. (Marja), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Colas, C. (Chrystelle), Pouwels, S. (Sjaak), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Bisseling, T. (Tanya), Bubien, V. (Virginie), Caux, F. (Frederic), Chabbert-Buffet, N. (Nathalie), Da Mota Gomes, S. (Sophie), Gotthardt, M. (Martin), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Lachlan, K. (Katherine), Links, T.P. (Thera), Longy, M. (Michel), Mann, R. (Ritse), Kool, L.S. (Leo Schultze), Semple, R.K. (Robert K.), Stock, I. (Ian), Vos, J.R. (Janet), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, G. (Gareth), Woodward, E.R. (Emma R.), Maher, E.R. (Eamonn), Ferner, R.E. (Rosalie E.), Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I. (Isabel), Steinke-Lange, V. (Verena), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Schröck, E. (Evelin), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Wolkenstein, P. (Pierre), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), de Putter, R. (Robin), Guillermo, I.B. (Ignacio Blanco), Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B. (Joan Brunet), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmaña, J. (Judith), Hernandez, H.S. (Hector Salvador), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Teixeira, P.J., Bajalica-Lagercrantz, S. (Svetlana), Tham, E. (Emma), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ertmanska, K. (Karolina), Melegh, B. (Bela), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A. (Ana), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), and Hietala, M. (Marja)
Abstract: PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome is a diverse multi-system disorder predisposing to the development of hamartomatous growths, increasing risk of breast, thyroid, renal cancer, and possibly increasing risk of endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer and melanoma. There is no international consensus on cancer surveillance in PHTS and all current guidelines are based on expert opinion. A comprehensive literature review was undertaken and guidelines were developed by clinicians with expertise from clinical genetics, gynaecology, endocrinology, dermatology, radiology, gastroenterology and general surgery, together with affected individuals and their representatives. Recommendations were put forward for surveillance for breast, thyroid and renal cancers. Limited recommendations were developed for other sites including endometrial, colon and skin. The proposed cancer surveillance recommendations for PHTS require a coordinated multidisciplinary approach and significant patient commitment. The evidence base for cancer surveillance in this guideline are limited, emphasising the need for prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of surveillance in the PHTS population.
Published: 2020
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4. Parelsnoer institute biobank hereditary colorectal cancer: A joint infrastructure for patient data and biomaterial on hereditary colorectal cancer in the Netherlands

Author: Manders, P. (Peggy), Vos, J.R. (Janet), de Voer, R.M. (Richarda M.), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Hoge, C.V. (Chantal V.), Terpstra, F.G. (Fokke G.), Spaander, M.C.W. (Manon), Mesker, W.E., Dekker, E. (Evelien), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Manders, P. (Peggy), Vos, J.R. (Janet), de Voer, R.M. (Richarda M.), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Hoge, C.V. (Chantal V.), Terpstra, F.G. (Fokke G.), Spaander, M.C.W. (Manon), Mesker, W.E., Dekker, E. (Evelien), and Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)
Abstract: Each year approximately 15,000 patients are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Netherlands, of whom 5-10% are associated with a hereditary syndrome. To enable future research into hereditary CRC, we established a collaborative biobank for hereditary CRC in all eight University Medical Centers (UMCs) in the Netherlands in 2009. This Biobank Hereditary CRC is part of the Parelsnoer Institute (PSI), which is funded by the Dutch Federation of UMCs and the Dutch Government. Besides the multicenter collaboration, the multidisciplinary nature of this biobank - involving Gastroenterology, Genetics and Surgery - is essential for its functionality and value.Patients at increased risk of hereditary CRC and/or Polyposis, or with a proven germline mutation causing CRC and/or Polyposis are included. Both clinical data (demographic data, details on medical and family history, information on surveillance, endoscopy and surgery, results of microsatellite instability and molecular genetic tests) and biomaterial (DNA, plasma, serum and tissue) are collected in a standardized manner.
Published: 2019
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5. Boosting care and knowledge about hereditary cancer: European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes

Author: Vos, JR, Giepmans, L., Rohl, C., Geverink, N., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Woodward, E., Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E. (Eileen), Steinke-Lange, V., Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Ferner, R.E. (Robin), Lubinski, J., Ertmanska, K., Lagercrantz, S.B., Tham, E., Guillermo, I.B., Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B., Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmana, J. (Judith), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Wolkenstein, P., Melegh, B, Oliveira, C, Teixeira, M, Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Hernandez, H.S., Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I., Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A., Schrock, E., Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Hietala, M., Ern, G., Vos, JR, Giepmans, L., Rohl, C., Geverink, N., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Woodward, E., Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Maher, E. (Eileen), Steinke-Lange, V., Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Frebourg, T. (Thierry), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Ferner, R.E. (Robin), Lubinski, J., Ertmanska, K., Lagercrantz, S.B., Tham, E., Guillermo, I.B., Capellá, G. (Gabriel), Vidal, J.B., Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Balmana, J. (Judith), Bours, V. (Vincent), Legius, E. (Eric), Wolkenstein, P., Melegh, B, Oliveira, C, Teixeira, M, Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Hernandez, H.S., Aretz, S. (Stefan), Spier, I., Oostenbrink, R. (Rianne), Krajc, M. (Mateja), Blatnik, A., Schrock, E., Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Hietala, M., and Ern, G.
Abstract: Approximately 27–36 million patients in Europe have one of the ~ 5.000–8.000 known rare diseases. These patients often do not receive the care they need or they have a substantial delay from diagnosis to treatment. In March 2017, twenty-four European Reference Networks (ERNs) were launched with the aim to improve the care for these patients through cross border healthcare, in a way that the medical knowledge and expertise travels across the borders, rather than the patients. It is expected that through the ERNs, European patients with a rare disease get access to expert care more often and more quickly, and that research and guideline development will be accelerated resulting in improved diagnostics and therapies. The ERN on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN GENTURIS) aims to improve the identification, genetic diagnostics, prevention of cancer, and treatment of European patients with a genetic predisposition for cancer. The ERN GENTURIS focuses on syndromes such as hereditary breast cancer, hereditary colorectal cancer and polyposis, neurofibromatosis and more rare syndromes e.g. PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome, Li Fraumeni Syndrome and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer.
Published: 2019
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6. A patient decision aid for risk-reducing surgery in premenopausal BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: Development process and pilot testing

Author: Harmsen, M.G. (Marline G.), Steenbeek, M.P. (Miranda P.), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), van Doorn, H.C. (Helena C.), Gaarenstroom, K.N. (Katja), Vos, M.C. (Caroline), Massuger, L.F. (Leon), Hullu, J.A. (Joanne) de, Hermens, R.P.M.G. (Rosella P.M.G.), Harmsen, M.G. (Marline G.), Steenbeek, M.P. (Miranda P.), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), van Doorn, H.C. (Helena C.), Gaarenstroom, K.N. (Katja), Vos, M.C. (Caroline), Massuger, L.F. (Leon), Hullu, J.A. (Joanne) de, and Hermens, R.P.M.G. (Rosella P.M.G.)
Abstract: Background: BRCA1/2 mutation carriers’ choice between risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy is very complex. Aim was to develop a patient decision aid that combines evidence with patient preferences to facilitate decision making. Design: Systematic development of a patient decision aid in an iterative process of prototype development, alpha testing by patients and clinicians and revisions using International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) quality criteria. Information was based on the available literature and current guidelines. A multidisciplinary steering group supervised the process. Setting and participants: Pre-menopausal BRCA1/2 mutation carriers choosing between RRSO and salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy in Family Cancer Clinics in the Netherlands. Main outcome measures: IPDAS quality criteria, relevance, usability, clarity. Results: The patient decision aid underwent four rounds of alpha testing and revisions. Finally, two paper decision aids were developed: one for BRCA1 and one for BRCA2. They both contained a general introduction, three chapters and a step-by-step plan containing a personal value clarification worksheet. During alpha testing, risk communication and information about premature menopause and hormone therapy were the most revised items. The patient decision aids fulfil 37 of 43 (86%) IPDAS criteria for content and development process. Discussion and conclusions: Both BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and professionals are willing to use or offer the developed patient decision aids for risk-reducing surgery. The patient decision aids have been found clear, balanced and comprehensible. Future testing among patients facing the decision should point out its effectiveness in improving decision making.
Published: 2018
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7. Role of germline aberrations affecting CTNNA1, MAP3K6 and MYD88 in gastric cancer susceptibility

Author: Weren, R.D.A. (Robbert D. A.), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Van Krieken, J.H. (J. Han), Spruijt, L. (Liesbeth), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Oliveira, C. (Carla), Kamping, E. (Eveline), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Cats, A. (Annemieke), Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Weren, R.D.A. (Robbert D. A.), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Van Krieken, J.H. (J. Han), Spruijt, L. (Liesbeth), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Oliveira, C. (Carla), Kamping, E. (Eveline), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Cats, A. (Annemieke), Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), and Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn)
Abstract: Background: In approximately 10% of all gastric cancer (GC) cases, a heritable cause is suspected. A subset of these cases have a causative germline CDH1 mutation; however, in most cases the cause remains unknown. Our objective was to assess to what extent these remaining cases may be explained by germline mutations in the novel candidate GC predisposing genes CTNNA1, MAP3K6 or MYD88. Methods: We sequenced a large cohort of unexplained young and/or familial patients with GC (n=286) without a CDH1germline mutation for germline variants affecting CTNNA1, MAP3K6 and MYD88 using a targeted next-generation sequencing approach based on single-molecule molecular inversion probes. Results: Predicted deleterious germline variants were not encountered in MYD88, but recurrently observed in CTNNA1 (n=2) and MAP3K6 (n=3) in our cohort of patients with GC. In contrast to deleterious variants in CTNNA1, deleterious variants in MAP3K6 also occur frequently in the general population. Conclusions: Based on our results MAP3K6 should no longer be considered a GC predisposition gene, whereas deleterious CTNNA1 variants are confirmed as an infrequent cause of GC susceptibility. Biallelic MYD88 germline mutations are at most a very rare cause of GC susceptibility as no additional cases were identified.
Published: 2018
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8. Childhood neuroendocrine tumours: A descriptive study revealing clues for genetic predisposition

Author: Diets, I.J. (I. J.), Nagtegaal, I.D. (Iris), Loeffen, J. (Jan), Blaauw, I. (Ivo) de, Waanders, E. (Esmé), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jongmans, M.C.J. (Marjolijn), Diets, I.J. (I. J.), Nagtegaal, I.D. (Iris), Loeffen, J. (Jan), Blaauw, I. (Ivo) de, Waanders, E. (Esmé), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), and Jongmans, M.C.J. (Marjolijn)
Abstract: Background:Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare in children and limited data are available. We aimed to specify tumour and patient characteristics and to investigate the role of genetic predisposition in the aetiology of paediatric NETs.Methods:Using the Dutch Pathology Registry PALGA, we collected patient-and tumour data of paediatric NETs in the Netherlands between 1991 and 2013 (N=483).Results:The incidence of paediatric NETs in the Netherlands is 5.40 per one million per year. The majority of NETs were appendiceal tumours (N=441;91.3%). Additional surgery in appendiceal NETs was indicated in 89 patients, but performed in only 27 of these patients. Four out of five patients with pancreatic NETs were diagnosed with Von Hippel-Lindau disease (N=2) and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (N=2). In one patient with an appendiceal NET Familial Adenomatous Polyposis was diagnosed. On the basis of second primary tumours or other additional diagnoses, involvement of genetic predisposition was suggestive in several others.Conclusions:We identified a significant number of patients with a confirmed or suspected tumour predisposition syndrome and show that paediatric pancreatic NETs in particular are associated with genetic syndromes. In addition, we conclude that treatment guidelines for appendiceal paediatric NETs need revision and improved implementation.
Published: 2017
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9. Unraveling genetic predisposition to familial or early onset gastric cancer using germline whole-exome sequencing

Author: Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), Van Krieken, J.H. (J. Han), Spruijt, L. (Liesbeth), Zelst-Stams, W.A. van, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Pinheiro, H. (Hugo), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Jhangiani, S.N. (Shalini N.), Muzny, D. (Donna), Gibbs, R.A. (Richard A.), Lupski, J.R. (James R.), Ligt, J. (Joep) de, Vissers, L.E.L.M., Hoischen, A. (Alex), Gilissen, C. (Christian), Van De Vorst, M. (Maartje), Goeman, J.J. (Jelle), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Molinaro, V. (Valeria), Garcia, E.B.G., Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Høberg Vetti, H. (Hildegunn), Geurts van Kessel, A.H.M. (Ad), Kuiper, R. (Ruud), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), Van Krieken, J.H. (J. Han), Spruijt, L. (Liesbeth), Zelst-Stams, W.A. van, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Pinheiro, H. (Hugo), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Jhangiani, S.N. (Shalini N.), Muzny, D. (Donna), Gibbs, R.A. (Richard A.), Lupski, J.R. (James R.), Ligt, J. (Joep) de, Vissers, L.E.L.M., Hoischen, A. (Alex), Gilissen, C. (Christian), Van De Vorst, M. (Maartje), Goeman, J.J. (Jelle), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Molinaro, V. (Valeria), Garcia, E.B.G., Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Høberg Vetti, H. (Hildegunn), Geurts van Kessel, A.H.M. (Ad), Kuiper, R. (Ruud), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), and Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)
Abstract: Recognition of individuals with a genetic predisposition to gastric cancer (GC) enables preventive measures. However, the underlying cause of genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer remains largely unexplained. We performed germline whole-exome sequencing on leukocyte DNA of 54 patients from 53 families with genetically unexplained diffuse-type and intestinal-type GC to identify novel GC-predisposing candidate genes. As young age at diagnosis and familial clustering are hallmarks of genetic tumor susceptibility, we selected patients that were diagnosed below the age of 35, patients from families with two cases of GC at or below age 60 and patients from families with three GC cases at or below age 70. All included individuals were tested negative for germline CDH1 mutations before or during the study. Variants that were possibly deleterious according to in silico predictions were filtered using several independent approaches that were based on gene function and gene mutation burden in controls. Despite a rigorous search, no obvious candidate GC predisposition genes were identified. This negative result stresses the importance of future research studies in large, homogeneous cohorts.
Published: 2017
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10. Colorectal cancer risk variants at 8q23.3 and 11q23.1 are associated with disease phenotype in APC mutation carriers

Author: Ghorbanoghli, Z., Nieuwenhuis, M.H. (Mary), Houwing-Duistermaat, J.J. (Jeanine), Jagmohan-Changur, S.C. (Shantie), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Tops, C. (Carli), Wagner, A. (Anja), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Verhoef, S., Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Menko, F. (Fred), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Wezel, T. (Tom) van, Vasen, H. (Hans), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Ghorbanoghli, Z., Nieuwenhuis, M.H. (Mary), Houwing-Duistermaat, J.J. (Jeanine), Jagmohan-Changur, S.C. (Shantie), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Tops, C. (Carli), Wagner, A. (Anja), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Verhoef, S., Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Menko, F. (Fred), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Wezel, T. (Tom) van, Vasen, H. (Hans), and Wijnen, J.T. (Juul)
Published: 2016
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11. Recognition of genetic predisposition in pediatric cancer patients: An easy-to-use selection tool

Author: Jongmans, M.C. (Marjolijn C.), Loeffen, J. (Jan), Waanders, E. (Esmé), Hoogerbrugge, P.M. (Peter), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Kuiper, R.P. (Roland), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jongmans, M.C. (Marjolijn C.), Loeffen, J. (Jan), Waanders, E. (Esmé), Hoogerbrugge, P.M. (Peter), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Kuiper, R.P. (Roland), and Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)
Abstract: Genetic predisposition for childhood cancer is under diagnosed. Identifying these patients may lead to therapy adjustments in case of syndrome-related increased toxicity or resistant disease and syndrome-specific screening programs may lead to early detection of a further independent malignancy. Cancer surveillance might also be warranted for affected relatives and detection of a genetic mutation can allow for reproductive counseling.Here we present an easy-to-use selection tool, based on a systematic review of pediatric cancer predisposing syndromes, to identify patients who may benefit from genetic counseling. The selection tool involves five questions concerning family history, the type of malignancy, multiple primary malignancies, specific features and excessive toxicity, which results in the selection of those patients that may benefit from referral to a clinical geneticist.
Published: 2016
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12. Recurrent candidiasis and early-onset gastric cancer in a patient with a genetically defined partial MYD88 defect

Author: Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), de Voer, R.M. (Richarda M.), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Jansen, T.J.G. (Trees J. G.), Jacobs, L. (Liesbeth), Schreibelt, G. (Gerty), Vries, I.J.M. (Jolanda) de, Netea, M.G. (Mihai), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Molinaro, V. (Valeria), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Pinheiro, H. (Hugo), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Høberg Vetti, H. (Hildegunn), Han, J., van Krieken, J.M., Vogelaar, I.P. (Ingrid P.), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Van Der Post, R.S. (Rachel S.), de Voer, R.M. (Richarda M.), Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Jansen, T.J.G. (Trees J. G.), Jacobs, L. (Liesbeth), Schreibelt, G. (Gerty), Vries, I.J.M. (Jolanda) de, Netea, M.G. (Mihai), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Teodorczyk, U. (Urszula), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Ranzani, G.N. (Guglielmina N.), Molinaro, V. (Valeria), Hest, L.P. (Liselotte) van, Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Genuardi, M. (Maurizio), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Pinheiro, H. (Hugo), Oliveira, C. (Carla), Bjørnevoll, I. (Inga), Høberg Vetti, H. (Hildegunn), Han, J., and van Krieken, J.M.
Abstract: Gastric cancer is caused by both genetic and environmental factors. A woman who suffered from recurrent candidiasis throughout her life developed diffuse-type gastric cancer at the age of 23 years. Using whole-exome sequencing we identified a germline homozygous missense variant in MYD88. Immunological assays on peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed an impaired immune response upon stimulation with Candida albicans, characterized by a defective production of the cytokine interleukin-17. Our data suggest that a genetic defect in MYD88 results in an impaired immune response and may increase gastric cancer risk.
Published: 2016
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13. Candidate genetic modifiers for breast and ovarian cancer risk inBRCA1andBRCA2 mutation carriers

Author: Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Moysich, K.B. (Kirsten), Rudolph, A. (Anja), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Simard, J. (Jacques), Soucy, P. (Penny), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Hamann, U. (Ute), Wilkening, S. (Stefan), Chen, B. (Bowang), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Baan, F.H. (Frederieke) van der, Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Walker, L.C. (Logan), Lose, F. (Felicity), Maia, A.-T. (Ana-Teresa), Montagna, M. (Marco), Matricardi, L. (Laura), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Garcia, E.B.G., Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Nussbaum, R.L. (Robert L.), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Arun, B.K. (Banu), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Orsulic, S. (Sandra), Lester, K.J. (Kathryn), Chung, W.K. (Wendy K.), Miron, A. (Alexander), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Goldgar, D. (David), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Dorfling, C.M. (Cecilia), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Ding, Y.C. (Yuan Chun), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Gerdes, A.-M. (Anne-Marie), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Jønson, L. (Lars), Osorio, A. (Ana), Martínez-Bouzas, C. (Cristina), Benítez, J. (Javier), Conway, E.E. (Edye E.), Blazer, K.R. (Kathleen R.), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (Daniela), Scuvera, G. (Giulietta), Barile, M. (Monica), Ficarazzi, F. (Filomena), Mariette, F. (F.), Fortuzzi, S. (S.), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Giannini, G. (Giuseppe), Papi, L. (Laura), Martayan, A. (Aline), Tibiletti, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Radice, P. (Paolo), Vratimos, A. (Athanassios), Fostira, F. (Florentia), Garber, J. (Judy), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Brewer, C. (Carole), Foo, C. (Claire), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Frost, D. (Debra), Eccles, D. (Diana), Brady, A. (A.), Cook, J. (Jackie), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Adlard, L., Barwell, J. (Julian), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Izatt, L. (Louise), Side, L. (Lucy), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Rogers, M.T. (Mark), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Platte, R. (Radka), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Hodgson, S. (Shirley), Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Cole, T. (Trevor), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Claes, K.B.M. (Kathleen B.M.), Van Maerken, T. (Tom), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Sutter, C. (Christian), Engel, C. (Christoph), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Steinemann, D. (Doris), Plendl, H. (Hansjoerg), Kast, K. (Karin), Rhiem, K. (Kerstin), Ditsch, N. (Nina), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Bressac-de Paillerets, B. (Brigitte), Buecher, B. (Bruno), Delnatte, C.D. (Capucine), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Damiola, F. (Francesca), Coupier, I. (Isabelle), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Vénat-Bouvet, L. (Laurence), Golmard, L. (Lisa), Boutry-Kryza, N. (N.), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Caron, O. (Olivier), Pujol, P. (Pascal), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Belotti, M. (Muriel), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Friedlander, M.L. (Michael L.), Rodriguez, G. (Gustavo), Copeland, L.J. (Larry J.), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Perez-Segura, P. (Pedro), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Doorn, H.C. (Lena) van, Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Olah, E., Díez, O. (Orland), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Brunet, J. (Joan), Feliubadaló, L. (L.), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Jaworska-Bieniek, K. (Katarzyna), Sukiennicki, G. (Grzegorz), Arason, A. (Adalgeir), Chiquette, J. (Jocelyne), Teixeira, P.J., Olswold, C. (Curtis), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Wang, X. (X.), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Corines, M. (Marina), Jacobs, L. (Lauren), Robson, M.E. (Mark E.), Zhang, L. (Lingling), Joseph, V. (Vijai), Berger, A. (Andreas), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Rappaport, C. (Christine), Kaulich, D.G. (Daphne Gschwantler), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Tea, M.-K., Phelan, C. (Catherine), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Rennert, G. (Gad), Mulligan, A.-M. (Anna-Marie), Glendon, G. (Gord), Tchatchou, S. (Sandrine), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Bojesen, A. (Anders), Pedersen, I.S. (Inge Sokilde), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Jensen, U.B., Laitman, Y. (Yael), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Wachenfeldt, A. (Anna) von, Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Askmalm, M.S. (Marie), Borg, Å. (Åke), Kuchenbaecker, K.B. (Karoline), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Barrowdale, D. (Daniel), Healey, S. (Sue), Lee, A. (Andrew), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul D.P.), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Moysich, K.B. (Kirsten), Rudolph, A. (Anja), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Simard, J. (Jacques), Soucy, P. (Penny), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Hamann, U. (Ute), Wilkening, S. (Stefan), Chen, B. (Bowang), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Baan, F.H. (Frederieke) van der, Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Walker, L.C. (Logan), Lose, F. (Felicity), Maia, A.-T. (Ana-Teresa), Montagna, M. (Marco), Matricardi, L. (Laura), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Garcia, E.B.G., Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Nussbaum, R.L. (Robert L.), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Arun, B.K. (Banu), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Orsulic, S. (Sandra), Lester, K.J. (Kathryn), Chung, W.K. (Wendy K.), Miron, A. (Alexander), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Goldgar, D. (David), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Dorfling, C.M. (Cecilia), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Ding, Y.C. (Yuan Chun), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Gerdes, A.-M. (Anne-Marie), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Jønson, L. (Lars), Osorio, A. (Ana), Martínez-Bouzas, C. (Cristina), Benítez, J. (Javier), Conway, E.E. (Edye E.), Blazer, K.R. (Kathleen R.), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (Daniela), Scuvera, G. (Giulietta), Barile, M. (Monica), Ficarazzi, F. (Filomena), Mariette, F. (F.), Fortuzzi, S. (S.), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Giannini, G. (Giuseppe), Papi, L. (Laura), Martayan, A. (Aline), Tibiletti, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Radice, P. (Paolo), Vratimos, A. (Athanassios), Fostira, F. (Florentia), Garber, J. (Judy), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Brewer, C. (Carole), Foo, C. (Claire), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Frost, D. (Debra), Eccles, D. (Diana), Brady, A. (A.), Cook, J. (Jackie), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Adlard, L., Barwell, J. (Julian), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Izatt, L. (Louise), Side, L. (Lucy), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Rogers, M.T. (Mark), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Platte, R. (Radka), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Hodgson, S. (Shirley), Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Cole, T. (Trevor), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Claes, K.B.M. (Kathleen B.M.), Van Maerken, T. (Tom), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Sutter, C. (Christian), Engel, C. (Christoph), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Steinemann, D. (Doris), Plendl, H. (Hansjoerg), Kast, K. (Karin), Rhiem, K. (Kerstin), Ditsch, N. (Nina), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Bressac-de Paillerets, B. (Brigitte), Buecher, B. (Bruno), Delnatte, C.D. (Capucine), Houdayer, C. (Claude), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Damiola, F. (Francesca), Coupier, I. (Isabelle), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Vénat-Bouvet, L. (Laurence), Golmard, L. (Lisa), Boutry-Kryza, N. (N.), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Caron, O. (Olivier), Pujol, P. (Pascal), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Belotti, M. (Muriel), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Friedlander, M.L. (Michael L.), Rodriguez, G. (Gustavo), Copeland, L.J. (Larry J.), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Perez-Segura, P. (Pedro), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Doorn, H.C. (Lena) van, Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Olah, E., Díez, O. (Orland), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Brunet, J. (Joan), Feliubadaló, L. (L.), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Jaworska-Bieniek, K. (Katarzyna), Sukiennicki, G. (Grzegorz), Arason, A. (Adalgeir), Chiquette, J. (Jocelyne), Teixeira, P.J., Olswold, C. (Curtis), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Wang, X. (X.), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Corines, M. (Marina), Jacobs, L. (Lauren), Robson, M.E. (Mark E.), Zhang, L. (Lingling), Joseph, V. (Vijai), Berger, A. (Andreas), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Rappaport, C. (Christine), Kaulich, D.G. (Daphne Gschwantler), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Tea, M.-K., Phelan, C. (Catherine), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Rennert, G. (Gad), Mulligan, A.-M. (Anna-Marie), Glendon, G. (Gord), Tchatchou, S. (Sandrine), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Bojesen, A. (Anders), Pedersen, I.S. (Inge Sokilde), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Jensen, U.B., Laitman, Y. (Yael), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Wachenfeldt, A. (Anna) von, Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Askmalm, M.S. (Marie), Borg, Å. (Åke), Kuchenbaecker, K.B. (Karoline), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Barrowdale, D. (Daniel), Healey, S. (Sue), Lee, A. (Andrew), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul D.P.), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), and Friedman, E. (Eitan)
Abstract: Background: BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers are at substantially increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. The incomplete penetrance coupled with the variable age at diagnosis in carriers of the same mutation suggests the existence of genetic and nongenetic modifying factors. In this study, we evaluated the putative role of variants inmany candidate modifier genes. Methods: Genotyping data from 15,252 BRCA1 and 8,211 BRCA2 mutation carriers, for known variants (n = 3,248) located within or around 445 candidate genes, were available through the iCOGS custom-designed array. Breast and ovarian cancer association analysiswas performed within a retrospective cohort approach. Results: The observed P values of association ranged between 0.005 and 1.000. None of the variants was significantly associated with breast or ovarian cancer risk in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, after multiple testing adjustments. Conclusion: There is little evidence that any of the evaluated candidate variants act as modifiers of breast and/or ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Impact: Genome-wide association studies have been more successful at identifying genetic modifiers of BRCA1/2 penetrance than candidate gene studies.
Published: 2015
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14. Breast and ovarian cancer risks in a large series of clinically ascertained families with a high proportion of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Dutch founder mutations

Author: Brohet, R.M. (Richard), Velthuizen, S.J.C.M. (Sandra), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Verhoef, S., Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Garcia, E.B.G., Menko, F. (Fred), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Devilee, P. (Peter), Veer, L.J. (Laura) van 't, Leeuwen, F.E. (Flora) van, Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Rookus, M.A. (M.), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Verhoef, S. (S.), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Deurzen, C.H.M. (Carolien) van, Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Devilee, P. (P.), Cronenburg, T.C.T.E.F. van, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Mensenkam, A.R. (A.), Luij, R.B. (R.) van der, Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Gille, J.J. (Johan), Waisfisz, Q. (Quinten), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Mourits, M.J. (Marjan), Bock, G.H. (Geertruida) de, Vasen, H. (Hans), Brohet, R.M. (Richard), Velthuizen, S.J.C.M. (Sandra), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Verhoef, S., Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Garcia, E.B.G., Menko, F. (Fred), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Devilee, P. (Peter), Veer, L.J. (Laura) van 't, Leeuwen, F.E. (Flora) van, Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Rookus, M.A. (M.), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Verhoef, S. (S.), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Deurzen, C.H.M. (Carolien) van, Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Devilee, P. (P.), Cronenburg, T.C.T.E.F. van, Kets, C.M. (Marleen), Mensenkam, A.R. (A.), Luij, R.B. (R.) van der, Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Gille, J.J. (Johan), Waisfisz, Q. (Quinten), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Mourits, M.J. (Marjan), Bock, G.H. (Geertruida) de, and Vasen, H. (Hans)
Abstract: Background: BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations confer increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer, but risks have been found to vary across studies and populations. Methods: We ascertained pedigree data of 582 BRCA1 and 176 BRCA2 families and studied the variation in breast and ovarian cancer risks using a modified segregation analysis model. Results: The average cumulative breast cancer risk by age 70 years was estimated to be 45% (95% CI 36 to 52%) for BRCA1 and 27% (95% CI 14 to 38%) for BRCA2 mutation carriers. The corresponding cumulative risks for ovarian cancer were 31% (95% CI 17 to 43%) for BRCA1 and 6% (95% CI 2 to 11%) for BRCA2 mutation carriers. In BRCA1 families, breast cancer relative risk (RR) increased with more recent birth cohort (pheterogeneity = 0.0006) and stronger family histories of breast cancer (pheterogeneity<0.001). For BRCA1, our data suggest a significant association between the location of the mutation and the ratio of breast to ovarian cancer (p<0.001). By contrast, in BRCA2 families, no evidence was found for risk heterogeneity by birth cohort, family history or mutation location. Conclusions: BRCA1 mutation carriers conferred lower overall breast and ovarian cancer risks than reported so far, while the estimates of BRCA2 mutations were among the lowest. The low estimates for BRCA1 might be due to older birth cohorts, a moderate family history
Published: 2014
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15. Colorectal cancer risk variants on 11q23 and 15q13 are associated with unexplained adenomatous polyposis

Author: Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Ruano, D. (Dina), Nieuwenhuis, M.H. (Mary), Tops, C. (Carli), Schrumpf, M. (Melanie), Nielsen, M. (Maartje), Huijts, P. (Petra), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Wagner, A. (Anja), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Menko, F. (Fred), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Harryvan, J. (Jan), Kampman, E. (Ellen), Morreau, H. (Hans), Vasen, H. (Hans), Wezel, T. (Tom) van, Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Ruano, D. (Dina), Nieuwenhuis, M.H. (Mary), Tops, C. (Carli), Schrumpf, M. (Melanie), Nielsen, M. (Maartje), Huijts, P. (Petra), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Wagner, A. (Anja), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Menko, F. (Fred), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Harryvan, J. (Jan), Kampman, E. (Ellen), Morreau, H. (Hans), Vasen, H. (Hans), and Wezel, T. (Tom) van
Abstract: Background: Colorectal adenomatous polyposis is associated with a high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and is frequently caused by germline mutations in APC or MUTYH. However, in about 20-30% of patients no underlying gene defect can be identified. In this study, we tested if recently identified CRC risk variants play a role in patients with >10 adenomas. Methods We analysed a total of 16 SNPs with a reported association with CR
Published: 2014
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16. DNA Glycosylases Involved in Base Excision Repair May Be Associated with Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

Author: Osorio, A. (Ana), Milne, R.L. (Roger), Kuchenbaecker, K.B. (Karoline), Vaclová, T. (Tereza), Pita, G. (Guillermo), Alonso, M.R. (Rosario), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Durán, M. (Mercedes), Díez, O. (Orland), Ramon Y Cajal, T., Konstantopoulou, I. (I.), Martínez-Bouzas, C. (Cristina), Andrés Conejero, R. (Raquel), Soucy, P. (Penny), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Barrowdale, D. (Daniel), Lee, A. (Andrew), Arver, B. (Brita Wasteson), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Loman, N. (Niklas), Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Arun, B.K. (Banu), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Walsh, C.S. (Christine), Lester, K.J. (Kathryn), John, E.M. (Esther), Whittemore, A.S. (Alice), Daly, M.B. (Mary), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Hopper, J.L. (John), Terry, M.-B. (Mary-Beth), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Dorfling, C.M. (Cecilia), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Steele, L. (Linda), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jønson, L. (Lars), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Infante, J. (Jon), Herráez, B. (Belén), Moreno, L.T. (Leticia Thais), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Herzog, J. (Josef), Weeman, K. (Kisa), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Scuvera, G. (Giulietta), Bonnani, B. (Bernardo), Mariette, F. (F.), Volorio, S. (Sara), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Varesco, L. (Liliana), Papi, L. (Laura), Ottini, L. (Laura), Tibiletti, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Radice, P. (Paolo), Yannoukakos, D. (Drakoulis), Garber, J., Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Frost, D. (Debra), Platte, R. (Radka), Fineberg, E. (Elena), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Izatt, L. (Louise), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Eccles, D. (Diana), Cook, J. (Jackie), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Brewer, C. (Carole), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Douglas, F. (Fiona), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Side, L. (Lucy), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Kennedy, J. (John), Foo, C. (Claire), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Rhiem, K. (Kerstin), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Ditsch, N. (Nina), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Plendl, H. (Hansjoerg), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Sutter, C. (Christian), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Steinemann, D. (Doris), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Kast, K. (Karin), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Damiola, F. (Francesca), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Tucker, K. (Kathryn), Backes, F.J. (Floor), Rodríguez, P.M., Brewster, W. (Wendy), Wakeley, K. (Katie), Rutherford, T. (Thomas), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Deurzen, C.H.M. (Carolien) van, Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Devilee, P. (Peter), Olah, E. (Edith), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Teulé, A. (A.), Menéndez, M. (Mireia), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Jaworska-Bieniek, K. (Katarzyna), Johannson, O.T. (Oskar), Maugard, C., Montagna, M. (Marco), Tognazzo, S. (Silvia), Teixeira, P.J., Healey, S. (Sue), Olswold, C. (Curtis), Guidugli, L. (Lucia), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Slager, S. (Susan), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Vijai, J. (Joseph), Robson, M. (Mark), Kauff, N. (Noah), Zhang, L. (Lingling), Rau-Murthy, R. (Rohini), Fink-Retter, A. (Anneliese), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Rappaport, C. (Christine), Geschwantler Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Tea, M.-K., Berger, A. (Annemarie), Phelan, C. (Catherine), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Lejbkowicz, F. (Flavio), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Mulligan, A.M. (Anna Marie), Glendon, G. (Gord), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Bojesen, S.E. (Stig), Pedersen, I.S. (Inge Sokilde), Sunde, L. (Lone), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Kruse, T.A. (Torben), Jensen, U.B., Friedman, E. (Eitan), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Shimon, S.P. (Shani Paluch), Simard, J. (Jacques), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Benítez, J. (Javier), Osorio, A. (Ana), Milne, R.L. (Roger), Kuchenbaecker, K.B. (Karoline), Vaclová, T. (Tereza), Pita, G. (Guillermo), Alonso, M.R. (Rosario), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Durán, M. (Mercedes), Díez, O. (Orland), Ramon Y Cajal, T., Konstantopoulou, I. (I.), Martínez-Bouzas, C. (Cristina), Andrés Conejero, R. (Raquel), Soucy, P. (Penny), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Barrowdale, D. (Daniel), Lee, A. (Andrew), Arver, B. (Brita Wasteson), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Loman, N. (Niklas), Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Arun, B.K. (Banu), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Walsh, C.S. (Christine), Lester, K.J. (Kathryn), John, E.M. (Esther), Whittemore, A.S. (Alice), Daly, M.B. (Mary), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Hopper, J.L. (John), Terry, M.-B. (Mary-Beth), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Dorfling, C.M. (Cecilia), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Steele, L. (Linda), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jønson, L. (Lars), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Infante, J. (Jon), Herráez, B. (Belén), Moreno, L.T. (Leticia Thais), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Herzog, J. (Josef), Weeman, K. (Kisa), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Scuvera, G. (Giulietta), Bonnani, B. (Bernardo), Mariette, F. (F.), Volorio, S. (Sara), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Varesco, L. (Liliana), Papi, L. (Laura), Ottini, L. (Laura), Tibiletti, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Radice, P. (Paolo), Yannoukakos, D. (Drakoulis), Garber, J., Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Frost, D. (Debra), Platte, R. (Radka), Fineberg, E. (Elena), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Izatt, L. (Louise), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Eccles, D. (Diana), Cook, J. (Jackie), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Brewer, C. (Carole), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Douglas, F. (Fiona), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Side, L. (Lucy), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Kennedy, J. (John), Foo, C. (Claire), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Rhiem, K. (Kerstin), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Ditsch, N. (Nina), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Plendl, H. (Hansjoerg), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Sutter, C. (Christian), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Steinemann, D. (Doris), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Kast, K. (Karin), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Damiola, F. (Francesca), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Tucker, K. (Kathryn), Backes, F.J. (Floor), Rodríguez, P.M., Brewster, W. (Wendy), Wakeley, K. (Katie), Rutherford, T. (Thomas), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Kolk, L.E. (Lizet) van der, Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Deurzen, C.H.M. (Carolien) van, Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Devilee, P. (Peter), Olah, E. (Edith), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Teulé, A. (A.), Menéndez, M. (Mireia), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Jaworska-Bieniek, K. (Katarzyna), Johannson, O.T. (Oskar), Maugard, C., Montagna, M. (Marco), Tognazzo, S. (Silvia), Teixeira, P.J., Healey, S. (Sue), Olswold, C. (Curtis), Guidugli, L. (Lucia), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Slager, S. (Susan), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Vijai, J. (Joseph), Robson, M. (Mark), Kauff, N. (Noah), Zhang, L. (Lingling), Rau-Murthy, R. (Rohini), Fink-Retter, A. (Anneliese), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Rappaport, C. (Christine), Geschwantler Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Tea, M.-K., Berger, A. (Annemarie), Phelan, C. (Catherine), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Lejbkowicz, F. (Flavio), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Mulligan, A.M. (Anna Marie), Glendon, G. (Gord), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Bojesen, S.E. (Stig), Pedersen, I.S. (Inge Sokilde), Sunde, L. (Lone), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Kruse, T.A. (Torben), Jensen, U.B., Friedman, E. (Eitan), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Shimon, S.P. (Shani Paluch), Simard, J. (Jacques), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), and Benítez, J. (Javier)
Abstract: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the DNA Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway could be associated with cancer risk in carriers of mutations in the high-penetrance susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, given the relation of synthetic lethality that exists between one of the components of the BER pathway, PARP1 (poly ADP ribose polymerase), and both BRCA1 and BRCA2. In the present study, we have performed a comprehensive analysis of 18 genes involved in BER using a tagging SNP approach in a large series of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. 144 SNPs were analyzed in a two stage study involving 23,463 carriers from the CIMBA consortium (the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2). Eleven SNPs showed evidence of association with breast and/or ovarian cancer at p<0.05 in the combined analysis. Four of the five genes for which strongest evidence of association was observed were DNA glycosylases. The strongest evidence was for rs1466785 in the NEIL2 (endonuclease VIII-like 2) gene (HR: 1.09, 95% CI (1.03-1.1
Published: 2014
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17. Risks of less common cancers in proven mutation carriers with lynch syndrome

Author: Engel, C. (Christoph), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Steinke, V. (Verena), Rahner, N. (Nils), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Dietmaier, W. (Wolfgang), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Goergens, H. (Heike), Von Knebel Doeberitz, M. (Magnus), Goecke, T.O. (Timm), Schmiegel, W. (W.), Buettner, R. (Reinhard), Moeslein, G. (Gabriela), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Menko, F. (Fred), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kluijt, I. (Irma), Propping, P. (Peter), Vasen, H. (Hans), Engel, C. (Christoph), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Steinke, V. (Verena), Rahner, N. (Nils), Holinski-Feder, E. (Elke), Dietmaier, W. (Wolfgang), Schackert, H.K. (Hans), Goergens, H. (Heike), Von Knebel Doeberitz, M. (Magnus), Goecke, T.O. (Timm), Schmiegel, W. (W.), Buettner, R. (Reinhard), Moeslein, G. (Gabriela), Letteboer, T.G.W. (Tom), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hes, F.J. (Frederik), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Menko, F. (Fred), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Sijmons, R.H. (Rolf), Wagner, A. (Anja), Kluijt, I. (Irma), Propping, P. (Peter), and Vasen, H. (Hans)
Abstract: Purpose: Patients with Lynch syndrome are at high risk for colon and endometrial cancer, but also at an elevated risk for other less common cancers. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to provide risk estimates for these less common cancers in proven carriers of pathogenic mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6. Patients and Methods: Data were pooled from the German and Dutch national Lynch syndrome registries. Seven different cancer types were analyzed: stomach, small bowel, urinary bladder, other urothelial, breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. Age-, sex- and MMR gene-specific cumulative risks (CRs) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Sex-specific incidence rates were compared with general population incidence rates by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the impact of sex and mutated gene on cancer risk. Results: The cohort comprised 2,118 MMR gene mutation carriers (MLH1, n = 806; MSH2, n = 1,004; MSH6, n = 308). All cancers were significantly more frequent than in the general population. The highest risks were found for male small bowel cancer (SIR, 251; 95% CI, 177 to 346; CR at 70 years, 12.0; 95% CI, 5.7 to 18.2). Breast cancer showed an SIR of 1.9 (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.4) and a CR of 14.4 (95% CI, 9.5 to 19.3). MSH2 mutation carriers had a considerably higher risk of developing urothelial cancer than MLH1 or MSH6 carriers. Conclusion: The sex- and gene-specific differences of less common cancer risks should be taken into account in cancer surveillance and prevention programs for patients with Lynch syndrome.
Published: 2012
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18. Rare variants in XRCC2 as breast cancer susceptibility alleles

Author: Hilbers, F.S. (Florentine), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Radice, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Feroce, I. (Irene), Capra, F. (Fabio), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Wang, X. (Xing), Guidugli, L. (Lucia), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Shah, S. (Sonia), Campbell, I. (Ian), Thompson, E.R. (Ella), James, P.A. (Paul ), Trainer, A.H. (Alison ), Gracia, J. (Javier), Benítez, J. (Javier), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Devilee, P. (Peter), Hilbers, F.S. (Florentine), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Radice, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Feroce, I. (Irene), Capra, F. (Fabio), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Wang, X. (Xing), Guidugli, L. (Lucia), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Shah, S. (Sonia), Campbell, I. (Ian), Thompson, E.R. (Ella), James, P.A. (Paul ), Trainer, A.H. (Alison ), Gracia, J. (Javier), Benítez, J. (Javier), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, and Devilee, P. (Peter)
Abstract: Background: Recently, rare germline variants in XRCC2 were detected in non-BRCA1/2 familial breast cancer cases, and a significant association with breast cancer was reported. However, the breast cancer risk associated with these variants needs further evaluation. Methods: The coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of XRCC2 were scanned for mutations in an international cohort of 3548
Published: 2012
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19. A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IRS1 modifies risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author: Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Healey, S. (Sue), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Shimon, S.-P. (Shani-Paluch), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Liljegren, A. (Annelie), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Olsson, H., Kristoffersson, U. (Ulf), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jaworska, K. (Katarzyna), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Byrski, T. (Tomasz), Osorio, A. (Ana), Cajal, T.R., Stavropoulou, A. (Alexandra), Benítez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jager, A. (Agnes), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Peock, S. (Susan), Frost, D. (Debra), Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Platte, R. (Radka), Fineberg, E. (Elena), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Izatt, L. (Louise), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Eccles, D. (Diana), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Cook, J. (Jackie), Brewer, C. (Carole), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Pathak, S.S., Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Léone, M. (Mélanie), Gauthier-Villars, M. (Marion), Caux-Moncoutier, V. (Virginie), Pauw, A. (Antoine) de, Hardouin, A. (Agnès), Berthet, P. (Pascaline), Dreyfus, H. (Hélène), Ferrer, S.F., Collonge-Rame, M.-A., Sokolowska, J. (Johanna), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Daly, M.B. (Mary), Miron, A. (Alexander), Terry, M.-B. (Mary-Beth), Chung, W. (Wendy), John, E.M. (Esther), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Tea, M.-K., Gschwantler-Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Fink-Retter, A. (Anneliese), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Johannson, O.T. (Oskar), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Sarrel, K. (Kara), Gaudet, M.M. (Mia), Vijai, J. (Joseph), Robson, M. (Mark), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Andrews, L. (Lesley), Cohn, D.E. (David), DeMars, L.R. (Leslie), DiSilvestro, P. (Paul), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Agata, S. (Simona), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Isaacs, C. (Claudine), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Ramus, S.J. (Susan), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Gross, J. (Jenny), Ganz, P.A. (Patricia), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Sutter, C. (Christian), Kast, K. (Karin), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Simard, J. (Jacques), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Chen, X. (Xiaoqing), Tomlinson, G. (Gail), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Garber, J., Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Rubinstein, W.S. (Wendy), Tung, N. (Nadine), Blum, J.L. (Joanne), Narod, S. (Steven), Brummel, S. (Sean), Gillen, D.L. (Daniel), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Radice, P. (Paolo), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Loud, J.T. (Jennifer), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Jensen, U.B., Skytte, A.-B. (Anne-Bine), Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Lee, A. (Andrew), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Healey, S. (Sue), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Shimon, S.-P. (Shani-Paluch), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Liljegren, A. (Annelie), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Olsson, H., Kristoffersson, U. (Ulf), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jaworska, K. (Katarzyna), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Byrski, T. (Tomasz), Osorio, A. (Ana), Cajal, T.R., Stavropoulou, A. (Alexandra), Benítez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Lange, J.L. (J.) de, Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jager, A. (Agnes), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Peock, S. (Susan), Frost, D. (Debra), Ellis, S.D. (Steve), Platte, R. (Radka), Fineberg, E. (Elena), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Izatt, L. (Louise), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Eccles, D. (Diana), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Cook, J. (Jackie), Brewer, C. (Carole), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Pathak, S.S., Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Léone, M. (Mélanie), Gauthier-Villars, M. (Marion), Caux-Moncoutier, V. (Virginie), Pauw, A. (Antoine) de, Hardouin, A. (Agnès), Berthet, P. (Pascaline), Dreyfus, H. (Hélène), Ferrer, S.F., Collonge-Rame, M.-A., Sokolowska, J. (Johanna), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Daly, M.B. (Mary), Miron, A. (Alexander), Terry, M.-B. (Mary-Beth), Chung, W. (Wendy), John, E.M. (Esther), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Tea, M.-K., Gschwantler-Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Fink-Retter, A. (Anneliese), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Johannson, O.T. (Oskar), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Sarrel, K. (Kara), Gaudet, M.M. (Mia), Vijai, J. (Joseph), Robson, M. (Mark), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Andrews, L. (Lesley), Cohn, D.E. (David), DeMars, L.R. (Leslie), DiSilvestro, P. (Paul), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Agata, S. (Simona), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Isaacs, C. (Claudine), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Ramus, S.J. (Susan), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Gross, J. (Jenny), Ganz, P.A. (Patricia), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Gehrig, P.A. (Paola A.), Sutter, C. (Christian), Kast, K. (Karin), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Simard, J. (Jacques), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Chen, X. (Xiaoqing), Tomlinson, G. (Gail), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Garber, J., Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Rubinstein, W.S. (Wendy), Tung, N. (Nadine), Blum, J.L. (Joanne), Narod, S. (Steven), Brummel, S. (Sean), Gillen, D.L. (Daniel), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Radice, P. (Paolo), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Loud, J.T. (Jennifer), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Jensen, U.B., Skytte, A.-B. (Anne-Bine), Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Lee, A. (Andrew), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), and Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan)
Abstract: Background: We previously reported significant associations between genetic variants in insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and breast cancer risk inwomen carrying BRCA1 mutations. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the IRS1 variants modified ovarian cancer risk and were associated with breast cancer risk in a larger cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Methods: IRS1
Published: 2012
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20. Differences in natural history between breast cancers in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and effects of MRI Screening-MRISC, MARIBS, and Canadian studies combined

Author: Heijnsdijk, E.A.M. (Eveline), Warner, E. (Ellen), Gilbert, F.J. (Fiona), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Evans, G., Causer, P.A. (Petrina), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Kaas, R. (Reinoutje), Draisma, G. (Gerrit), Ramsay, R.G. (Robert), Warren, R.M.L. (Ruth), Hill, K. (Kimberley), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Wasser, M.N.J.M. (Martin), Bergers, E. (Elisabeth), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Rutgers, E.J.T. (Emiel), Klijn, J.G.M. (Jan), Plewes, D.B. (Don), Leach, M.O. (Martin), Koning, H.J. (Harry) de, Heijnsdijk, E.A.M. (Eveline), Warner, E. (Ellen), Gilbert, F.J. (Fiona), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Evans, G., Causer, P.A. (Petrina), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Kaas, R. (Reinoutje), Draisma, G. (Gerrit), Ramsay, R.G. (Robert), Warren, R.M.L. (Ruth), Hill, K. (Kimberley), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Wasser, M.N.J.M. (Martin), Bergers, E. (Elisabeth), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Rutgers, E.J.T. (Emiel), Klijn, J.G.M. (Jan), Plewes, D.B. (Don), Leach, M.O. (Martin), and Koning, H.J. (Harry) de
Abstract: Background: It is recommended that BRCA1/2 mutation carriers undergo breast cancer screening using MRI because of their very high cancer risk and the high sensitivity of MRI in detecting invasive cancers. Clinical observations suggest important differences in the natural history between breast cancers due to mutations in BRCA
Published: 2012
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21. Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author: Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Kartsonaki, C. (Christiana), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Soucy, P. (Penny), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Healey, S. (Sue), Lee, A. (Andrew), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Cattaneo, E. (Elisa), Barile, M. (Monica), Pensotti, V. (Valeria), Pasini, B. (Barbara), Dolcetti, R. (Riccardo), Giannini, G. (Giuseppe), Putignano, A.L., Varesco, L. (Liliana), Radice, P. (Paolo), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Kruse, T.A. (Torben), Jensen, U.B., Cruger, D. (Dorthe), Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Milgrom, R. (Roni), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Paluch-Shimon, S. (Shani), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Loman, N. (Niklas), Harbst, K. (Katja), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Byrski, T. (Tomasz), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Górski, B. (Bohdan), Osorio, A. (Ana), Cajal, T.R., Fostira, F. (Florentia), Andres, R. (Raquel), Benitez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Nelen, M.R. (Marcel), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Devilee, P. (Peter), Meijers-Heijboer, H. (Hanne), Garcia, E.B.G., Peock, S. (Susan), Cook, M. (Margaret), Frost, D., Platte, R. (Radka), Leyland, J. (Jean), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Izatt, L. (Louise), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Eccles, D. (Diana), Ong, K.-R., Douglas, F. (Fiona), Paterson, J. (Joan), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Miedzybrodzka, Z. (Zosia), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Buecher, B. (Bruno), Belotti, M. (Muriel), Tirapo, C. (Carole), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Lasset, C. (Christine), Leroux, D. (Dominique), Faivre, L. (Laurence), Bronner, M. (Myriam), Prieur, F. (Fabienne), Nogues, C. (Catherine), Rouleau, E. (Etienne), Pujol, P. (Pascal), Coupier, I. (Isabelle), Frenay, M. (Marc), Hopper, J. (John), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Terry, M-B. (Mary-beth), John, E.M. (Esther), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Yassin, Y. (Yosuf), Miron, A. (Alexander), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Tea, M.-K., Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Dressler, C. (Catherina), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jønson, L. (Lars), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Barkardottir, R.B. (Rosa), Kircchoff, T. (Tomas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Small, L. (Laurie), Boggess, J.F. (John), Blank, S.V. (Stephanie), Basil, J. (Jack), Azodi, M. (Masoud), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Tognazzo, S. (Silvia), Agata, S. (Simona), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Walsh, C.S. (Christine), Olah, E. (Edith), Bozsik, A. (Aniko), Teo, S.-H. (Soo-Hwang), Seldon, J.L. (Joyce), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Sluiter, M.D. (Michelle), Diez, O. (Orland), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Ruehl, I. (Ina), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Kast, K. (Karin), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Schönbuchner, I. (Ines), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Dumont, M. (Martine), Chiquette, J. (Jocelyne), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Wang, X. (Xing), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Simard, J. (Jacques), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Karlsson, P. (Per), Nordling, M. (Margareta), Bergman, A. (Annika), Einbeigi, Z. (Zakaria), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Liedgren, S. (Sigrun), Borg, Å. (Åke), Olsson, H. (Hans), Kristoffersson, U. (Ulf), Jernström, H. (H.), Henriksson, K. (Karin), Wachenfeldt, A. (Anna) von, Liljegren, A. (Annelie), Barbany-Bustinza, G. (Gisela), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Grönberg, H. (Henrik), Stattin, E.-L., Emanuelsson, M. (Monica), Brandell, R.R., Dahl, N. (Niklas), Verhoef, S., Verheus, M. (Martijn), Veer, L.J. (Laura) van 't, Leeuwen, F.E. (Flora) van, Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Jager, A. (Agnes), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Gille, J.J.P. (Jan), Waisfisz, Q. (Quinten), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Roozendaal, C.E. (Cees) van, Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Caanen, B., Oosterwijk, J.C., Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Mourits, M.J., Vasen, H.F. (Hans), Gregory, H. (Helen), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Jeffers, L. (Lisa), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), McKeown, C. (Carole), Hoffman, J. (Jonathan), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Downing, S. (Sarah), Taylor, A. (Amy), Murray, A. (Alexandra), Rogers, M.T. (Mark), McCann, E. (Emma), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Drummond, S. (Sarah), Brewer, C. (Carole), Kivuva, E. (Emma), Searle, A. (Anne), Goodman, S. (Selina), Hill, K. (Kathryn), Murday, V. (Victoria), Bradshaw, N. (Nicola), Snadden, L. (Lesley), Longmuir, M. (Mark), Watt, C. (Catherine), Gibson, S. (Sarah), Haque, E. (Eshika), Tobias, E. (Ed), Duncan, A. (Alexis), Jacobs, C. (Chris), Langman, C. (Caroline), Whaite, A. (Anna), Dorkins, H. (Huw), Barwell, J. (Julian), Chu, C. (Chengbin), Miller, J. (Julie), Ellis, I.O. (Ian), Houghton, C. (Catherine), Side, L. (Lucy), Male, A. (Alison), Berlin, C. (Cheryl), Eason, J. (Jacqueline), Collier, R. (Rebecca), Claber, O. (Oonagh), Jobson, I. (Irene), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), McLeod, D. (Diane), Halliday, D. (Dorothy), Durell, S. (Sarah), Stayner, B. (Barbara), Shanley, S. (Susan), Rahman, N. (Nazneen), Houlston, R. (Richard), Bancroft, E.K. (Elizabeth), D'Mello, L. (Lucia), Page, E. (Elizabeth), Ardern-Jones, A. (Audrey), Kohut, K. (Kelly), Wiggins, J. (Jennifer), Castro, E. (Elena), Mitra, A. (Anita), Robertson, L. (Lisa), Quarrell, O. (Oliver), Bardsley, C. (Cathryn), Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Barton, D.E. (David), Goff, S. (Sheila), Brice, G. (Glen), Winchester, L. (Lizzie), Eddy, C. (Charlotte), Tripathi, V. (Vishakha), Attard, V. (Virginia), Lucassen, A. (Anneke), Crawford, G. (Gillian), McBride, D. (Donna), Smalley, S. (Sarah), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), Arver, B. (Brita Wasteson), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Kartsonaki, C. (Christiana), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Soucy, P. (Penny), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Healey, S. (Sue), Lee, A. (Andrew), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Cattaneo, E. (Elisa), Barile, M. (Monica), Pensotti, V. (Valeria), Pasini, B. (Barbara), Dolcetti, R. (Riccardo), Giannini, G. (Giuseppe), Putignano, A.L., Varesco, L. (Liliana), Radice, P. (Paolo), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Kruse, T.A. (Torben), Jensen, U.B., Cruger, D. (Dorthe), Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Milgrom, R. (Roni), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Paluch-Shimon, S. (Shani), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Loman, N. (Niklas), Harbst, K. (Katja), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Byrski, T. (Tomasz), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Górski, B. (Bohdan), Osorio, A. (Ana), Cajal, T.R., Fostira, F. (Florentia), Andres, R. (Raquel), Benitez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Nelen, M.R. (Marcel), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Devilee, P. (Peter), Meijers-Heijboer, H. (Hanne), Garcia, E.B.G., Peock, S. (Susan), Cook, M. (Margaret), Frost, D., Platte, R. (Radka), Leyland, J. (Jean), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Izatt, L. (Louise), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Eccles, D. (Diana), Ong, K.-R., Douglas, F. (Fiona), Paterson, J. (Joan), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Miedzybrodzka, Z. (Zosia), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Buecher, B. (Bruno), Belotti, M. (Muriel), Tirapo, C. (Carole), Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Barjhoux, L. (Laure), Lasset, C. (Christine), Leroux, D. (Dominique), Faivre, L. (Laurence), Bronner, M. (Myriam), Prieur, F. (Fabienne), Nogues, C. (Catherine), Rouleau, E. (Etienne), Pujol, P. (Pascal), Coupier, I. (Isabelle), Frenay, M. (Marc), Hopper, J. (John), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Terry, M-B. (Mary-beth), John, E.M. (Esther), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Yassin, Y. (Yosuf), Miron, A. (Alexander), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Tea, M.-K., Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Dressler, C. (Catherina), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jønson, L. (Lars), Ejlertsen, B. (Bent), Barkardottir, R.B. (Rosa), Kircchoff, T. (Tomas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Small, L. (Laurie), Boggess, J.F. (John), Blank, S.V. (Stephanie), Basil, J. (Jack), Azodi, M. (Masoud), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Tognazzo, S. (Silvia), Agata, S. (Simona), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Janavicius, R. (Ramunas), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Walsh, C.S. (Christine), Olah, E. (Edith), Bozsik, A. (Aniko), Teo, S.-H. (Soo-Hwang), Seldon, J.L. (Joyce), Beattie, M.S. (Mary), Rensburg, E.J. (Elizabeth) van, Sluiter, M.D. (Michelle), Diez, O. (Orland), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Ruehl, I. (Ina), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Kast, K. (Karin), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Schönbuchner, I. (Ines), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Dumont, M. (Martine), Chiquette, J. (Jocelyne), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Wang, X. (Xing), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Simard, J. (Jacques), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Karlsson, P. (Per), Nordling, M. (Margareta), Bergman, A. (Annika), Einbeigi, Z. (Zakaria), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Liedgren, S. (Sigrun), Borg, Å. (Åke), Olsson, H. (Hans), Kristoffersson, U. (Ulf), Jernström, H. (H.), Henriksson, K. (Karin), Wachenfeldt, A. (Anna) von, Liljegren, A. (Annelie), Barbany-Bustinza, G. (Gisela), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Grönberg, H. (Henrik), Stattin, E.-L., Emanuelsson, M. (Monica), Brandell, R.R., Dahl, N. (Niklas), Verhoef, S., Verheus, M. (Martijn), Veer, L.J. (Laura) van 't, Leeuwen, F.E. (Flora) van, Collée, J.M. (Margriet), Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Jager, A. (Agnes), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Gille, J.J.P. (Jan), Waisfisz, Q. (Quinten), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Roozendaal, C.E. (Cees) van, Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Caanen, B., Oosterwijk, J.C., Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Mourits, M.J., Vasen, H.F. (Hans), Gregory, H. (Helen), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Jeffers, L. (Lisa), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), McKeown, C. (Carole), Hoffman, J. (Jonathan), Donaldson, A. (Alan), Downing, S. (Sarah), Taylor, A. (Amy), Murray, A. (Alexandra), Rogers, M.T. (Mark), McCann, E. (Emma), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Drummond, S. (Sarah), Brewer, C. (Carole), Kivuva, E. (Emma), Searle, A. (Anne), Goodman, S. (Selina), Hill, K. (Kathryn), Murday, V. (Victoria), Bradshaw, N. (Nicola), Snadden, L. (Lesley), Longmuir, M. (Mark), Watt, C. (Catherine), Gibson, S. (Sarah), Haque, E. (Eshika), Tobias, E. (Ed), Duncan, A. (Alexis), Jacobs, C. (Chris), Langman, C. (Caroline), Whaite, A. (Anna), Dorkins, H. (Huw), Barwell, J. (Julian), Chu, C. (Chengbin), Miller, J. (Julie), Ellis, I.O. (Ian), Houghton, C. (Catherine), Side, L. (Lucy), Male, A. (Alison), Berlin, C. (Cheryl), Eason, J. (Jacqueline), Collier, R. (Rebecca), Claber, O. (Oonagh), Jobson, I. (Irene), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), McLeod, D. (Diane), Halliday, D. (Dorothy), Durell, S. (Sarah), Stayner, B. (Barbara), Shanley, S. (Susan), Rahman, N. (Nazneen), Houlston, R. (Richard), Bancroft, E.K. (Elizabeth), D'Mello, L. (Lucia), Page, E. (Elizabeth), Ardern-Jones, A. (Audrey), Kohut, K. (Kelly), Wiggins, J. (Jennifer), Castro, E. (Elena), Mitra, A. (Anita), Robertson, L. (Lisa), Quarrell, O. (Oliver), Bardsley, C. (Cathryn), Ehrencrona, H. (Hans), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Barton, D.E. (David), Goff, S. (Sheila), Brice, G. (Glen), Winchester, L. (Lizzie), Eddy, C. (Charlotte), Tripathi, V. (Vishakha), Attard, V. (Virginia), Lucassen, A. (Anneke), Crawford, G. (Gillian), McBride, D. (Donna), Smalley, S. (Sarah), Adlard, J.W. (Julian), and Arver, B. (Brita Wasteson)
Abstract: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 6q25.1, near the ESR1 gene, have been implicated in the susceptibility to breast cancer for Asian (rs2046210) and European women (rs9397435). A genome-wide association study in Europeans identified two further breast cancer susceptibility variants: rs11249433 at 1p11.2 and rs999737 in RAD51L1 at 14q24.1. Although previously identified breast cancer susceptibility variants have been shown to be associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, the involvement of these SNPs to breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers is currently unknown. To address this, we genotyped these SNPs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers from 42 studies from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. In the analysis of 14 123 BRCA1 and 8053 BRCA2 mutation carriers of European ancestry, the 6q25.1 SNPs (r2= 0.14) were independently associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.23, P-trend = 4.5 × 10-9for rs2046210; HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.18-1.40, P-trend = 1.3 × 10-8for rs9397435], but only rs9397435 was associated with the risk for BRCA2 carriers (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.28, P-trend = 0.031). SNP rs11249433 (1p11.2) was associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P-trend = 0.015), but was not associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.92-1.02, P-trend = 0.20). SNP rs999737 (RAD51L1) was not associated with breast cancer risk for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers (P-trend = 0.27 and 0.30, respectively). The identification of SNPs at 6q25.1 associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers will lead to a better understanding of the biology of tumour development in these women.
Published: 2011
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22. Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles and the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: Implications for risk prediction

Author: Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Healey, S. (Sue), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Lynch, H. (Henry), Isaacs, C. (Claudine), Ganz, P.A. (Patricia), Tomlinson, G. (Gail), Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Wang, X. (Xing), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Radice, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Barile, M. (Monica), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Allavena, A. (Anna), Dall'Olio, V. (Valentina), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Zikan, M. (Michal), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Foretova, L. (Lenka), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Rennert, G. (Gad), Lejbkowicz, F. (Flavio), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Sunde, L. (Lone), Cruger, D. (Dorthe), Jensen, U.B., Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Milgrom, R. (Roni), Dubrovsky, M. (Maya), Cohen, S. (Shimrit), Borg, Å. (Åke), Jernström, H. (H.), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Osorio, A. (Ana), Lasa, A. (Adriana), Durán, M. (Mercedes), Tejada, M.I., Godino, J. (Javier), Benitez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Kriege, M. (Mieke), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Devilee, P. (Peter), Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Cook, M. (Margaret), Oliver, C.T. (Clare), Frost, D. (Debra), Conroy, D. (Don), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Pichert, G. (Gabriella), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Paterson, J. (Joan), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Dorkins, H. (Huw), Peock, S. (Susan), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Pauw, A. (Antoine) de, Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Bonadona, V. (Valérie), Lasset, C. (Christine), Dreyfus, H. (Hélène), Leroux, D. (Dominique), hardouin, A. (Agnès), Berthet, P. (Pascaline), Faivre, L. (Laurence), Loustalot, C. (Catherine), Noguchi, T. (Tetsuro), Sobol, H. (Hagay), Rouleau, E. (Etienne), Nogues, C. (Catherine), Frenay, M. (Marc), Vénat-Bouvet, L. (Laurence), Hopper, J. (John), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Terry, M-B. (Mary-beth), John, E.M. (Esther), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Yassin, Y. (Yosuf), Miron, A. (Alexander), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Dressler, C. (Catherina), Gschwantler-Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jnson, L. (Lars), Agnarsson, B.A. (Bjarni), Kircchoff, T. (Tomas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Devlin, V. (Vincent), Dutra-Clarke, A. (Ana), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Wakeley, K. (Katie), Boggess, J.F. (John), Basil, J. (Jack), Schwartz, P.E. (Peter), Blank, S.V. (Stephanie), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Casella, C. (Cinzia), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Tihomirova, L. (Laima), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Ramus, S.J. (Susan), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Gross, J. (Jenny), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Lochmann, M. (Magdalena), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Heidemann, S. (Simone), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Sutter, C. (Christian), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Kast, K. (Karin), Schönbuchner, I. (Ines), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Simard, J. (Jacques), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Holland, H. (Helene), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Platte, R. (Radka), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Antoniou, A.C. (Antonis), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), McGuffog, L. (Lesley), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Healey, S. (Sue), Neuhausen, S.L. (Susan), Ding, Y.C. (Yuan), Rebbeck, R. (Timothy), Weitzel, J.N. (Jeffrey), Lynch, H. (Henry), Isaacs, C. (Claudine), Ganz, P.A. (Patricia), Tomlinson, G. (Gail), Olopade, O.I. (Olofunmilayo), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Wang, X. (Xing), Lindor, N.M. (Noralane), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Radice, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Zaffaroni, D. (D.), Barile, M. (Monica), Viel, A. (Alessandra), Allavena, A. (Anna), Dall'Olio, V. (Valentina), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Szabo, C. (Csilla), Zikan, M. (Michal), Claes, K. (Kathleen), Poppe, B. (Bruce), Foretova, L. (Lenka), Mai, P.L. (Phuong), Greene, M.H. (Mark), Rennert, G. (Gad), Lejbkowicz, F. (Flavio), Glendon, G. (Gord), Ozcelik, H. (Hilmi), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Thomassen, M. (Mads), Gerdes, A-M. (Anne-Marie), Sunde, L. (Lone), Cruger, D. (Dorthe), Jensen, U.B., Caligo, M.A. (Maria), Friedman, E. (Eitan), Kaufman, B. (Bella), Laitman, Y. (Yael), Milgrom, R. (Roni), Dubrovsky, M. (Maya), Cohen, S. (Shimrit), Borg, Å. (Åke), Jernström, H. (H.), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Rantala, J. (Johanna), Stenmark-Askmalm, M. (M.), Melin, B. (Beatrice), Nathanson, K.L. (Katherine), Domchek, S.M. (Susan), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Huzarski, T. (Tomasz), Osorio, A. (Ana), Lasa, A. (Adriana), Durán, M. (Mercedes), Tejada, M.I., Godino, J. (Javier), Benitez, J. (Javier), Hamann, U. (Ute), Kriege, M. (Mieke), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Devilee, P. (Peter), Meijers-Heijboer, E.J. (Hanne), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Aalfs, C.M. (Cora), Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Rookus, M.A. (Matti), Cook, M. (Margaret), Oliver, C.T. (Clare), Frost, D. (Debra), Conroy, D. (Don), Evans, D.G. (Gareth), Lalloo, F. (Fiona), Pichert, G. (Gabriella), Davidson, R. (Rosemarie), Cole, T.J. (Trevor), Paterson, J. (Joan), Hodgson, S.V. (Shirley), Morrison, P.J. (Patrick), Porteous, M.E. (Mary), Walker, L.J. (Lisa), Kennedy, M.J. (John), Dorkins, H. (Huw), Peock, S. (Susan), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Stoppa-Lyonnet, D. (Dominique), Pauw, A. (Antoine) de, Mazoyer, S. (Sylvie), Bonadona, V. (Valérie), Lasset, C. (Christine), Dreyfus, H. (Hélène), Leroux, D. (Dominique), hardouin, A. (Agnès), Berthet, P. (Pascaline), Faivre, L. (Laurence), Loustalot, C. (Catherine), Noguchi, T. (Tetsuro), Sobol, H. (Hagay), Rouleau, E. (Etienne), Nogues, C. (Catherine), Frenay, M. (Marc), Vénat-Bouvet, L. (Laurence), Hopper, J. (John), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Terry, M-B. (Mary-beth), John, E.M. (Esther), Buys, S.S. (Saundra), Yassin, Y. (Yosuf), Miron, A. (Alexander), Goldgar, D. (David), Singer, C.F. (Christian), Dressler, C. (Catherina), Gschwantler-Kaulich, D. (Daphne), Pfeiler, G. (Georg), Hansen, T.V.O. (Thomas), Jnson, L. (Lars), Agnarsson, B.A. (Bjarni), Kircchoff, T. (Tomas), Offit, K. (Kenneth), Devlin, V. (Vincent), Dutra-Clarke, A. (Ana), Piedmonte, M. (Marion), Rodriguez, G.C. (Gustavo), Wakeley, K. (Katie), Boggess, J.F. (John), Basil, J. (Jack), Schwartz, P.E. (Peter), Blank, S.V. (Stephanie), Toland, A.E. (Amanda), Montagna, M. (Marco), Casella, C. (Cinzia), Imyanitov, E.N. (Evgeny), Tihomirova, L. (Laima), Blanco, I. (Ignacio), Lázaro, C. (Conxi), Ramus, S.J. (Susan), Sucheston, L. (Lara), Karlan, B.Y. (Beth), Gross, J. (Jenny), Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Wapenschmidt, B. (Barbara), Engel, C. (Christoph), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Lochmann, M. (Magdalena), Arnold, N. (Norbert), Heidemann, S. (Simone), Varon-Mateeva, R. (Raymonda), Niederacher, D. (Dieter), Sutter, C. (Christian), Deissler, H. (Helmut), Gadzicki, D. (Dorothea), Preisler-Adams, S. (Sabine), Kast, K. (Karin), Schönbuchner, I. (Ines), Caldes, T. (Trinidad), Hoya, M. (Miguel) de La, Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Simard, J. (Jacques), Spurdle, A.B. (Amanda), Holland, H. (Helene), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Platte, R. (Radka), and Easton, D.F. (Douglas)
Abstract: The known breast cancer susceptibility polymorphisms in FGFR2, TNRC9/TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, and 2q35 confer increased risks of breast cancer for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. We evaluated the associations of 3 additional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs4973768 in SLC4A7/NEK10, rs6504950 in STXBP4/COX11, and rs10941679 at 5p12, and reanalyzed the previous associations using additional carriers in a sample of 12,525 BRCA1 and 7,409 BRCA2 carriers. Additionally, we investigated potential interactions between SNPs and assessed the implications for risk prediction. The minor alleles of rs4973768 and rs10941679 were associated with increased breast cancer risk for BRCA2 carriers (per-allele HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18, P = 0.006 and HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, P = 0.03, respectively). Neither SNP was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 carriers, and rs6504950 was not associated with breast cancer for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers. Of the 9 polymorphisms investigated, 7 were associated with breast cancer for BRCA2 carriers (FGFR2, TOX3, MAP3K1, LSP1, 2q35, SLC4A7, 5p12, P = 7 × 10-11- 0.03), but only TOX3 and 2q35 were associated with the risk for BRCA1 carriers (P = 0.0049, 0.03, respectively). All risk-associated polymorphisms appear to interact multiplicatively on breast cancer risk for mutation carriers. Based on the joint genotype distribution of the 7 risk-associated SNPs in BRCA2 mutation carriers, the 5% of BRCA2 carriers at highest risk (i.e., between 95th and 100th percentiles) were predicted to have a probability between 80% and 96% of developing breast cancer by age 80, compared with 42% to 50% for the 5% of carriers at lowest risk. Our findings indicated that these risk differences might be sufficient to influence the clinical management of mutation carriers.
Published: 2010
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23. BRCA1-associated breast cancers present differently from BRCA2-associated and familial cases: Long-term follow-up of the Dutch MRISC screening study

Author: Rijnsburger, A.J. (Adriana), Obdeijn, A.I.M. (Inge-Marie), Kaas, R. (Reinoutje), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Boetes, C. (Carla), Loo, C.E. (Claudette), Wasser, M.N.J.M. (Martin N.J.M.), Bergers, E. (Elisabeth), Kok, T. (Theo), Muller, S.H. (Sara), Peterse, H. (Hans), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Meijer, S. (Sybren), Bartels, C.C.M. (Carina), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Kriege, M. (Mieke), Schmitz, P.I.M. (Paul I. M.), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Koning, H.J. (Harry) de, Rutgers, E.J.T. (Emiel), Klijn, J.G.M. (Jan), Rijnsburger, A.J. (Adriana), Obdeijn, A.I.M. (Inge-Marie), Kaas, R. (Reinoutje), Tilanus-Linthorst, M.M.A. (Madeleine), Boetes, C. (Carla), Loo, C.E. (Claudette), Wasser, M.N.J.M. (Martin N.J.M.), Bergers, E. (Elisabeth), Kok, T. (Theo), Muller, S.H. (Sara), Peterse, H. (Hans), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Meijer, S. (Sybren), Bartels, C.C.M. (Carina), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Kriege, M. (Mieke), Schmitz, P.I.M. (Paul I. M.), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Koning, H.J. (Harry) de, Rutgers, E.J.T. (Emiel), and Klijn, J.G.M. (Jan)
Abstract: Purpose: The Dutch MRI Screening Study on early detection of hereditary breast cancer started in 1999. We evaluated the long-term results including separate analyses of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and first results on survival. Patients and Methods: Women with higher than 15% cumulative lifetime risk (CLTR) of breast cancer were screened with biannual clinical breast examination and annual mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants were divided into subgroups: carriers of a gene mutation (50% to 85% CLTR) and two familial groups with high (30% to 50% CLTR) or moderate risk (15% to 30% CLTR). Results: Our update contains 2,157 eligible women including 599 mutation carriers (median follow-up of 4.9 years from entry) with 97 primary breast cancers detected (median follow-up of 5.0 years from diagnosis). MRI sensitivity was superior to that of mammography for invasive cancer (77.4% v 35.5%; P < .00005), but not for ductal carcinoma in situ. Results in the BRCA1 group were worse compared to the BRCA2, the high-, and the moderate-risk groups, respectively, for mammography sensitivity (25.0% v 61.5%, 45.5%, 46.7%), tumor size at diagnosis ≤ 1 cm (21.4% v 61.5%, 40.9%, 63.6%), proportion of DCIS (6.5% v 18.8%, 14.8%, 31.3%) and interval cancers (32.3% v 6.3%, 3.7%, 6.3%), and age at diagnosis younger than 30 years (9.7% v 0%). Cumulative distant metastasis-free and overall survival at 6 years in all 42 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with invasive breast cancer were 83.9% (95% CI, 64.1% to 93.3%) and 92.7% (95% CI, 79.0% to 97.6%), respectively, and 100% in the familial groups (n = 43). Conclusion: Screening results were somewhat worse in BRCA1 mutation carriers
Published: 2010
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24. A method to assess the clinical significance of unclassified variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes based on cancer family history

Author: Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Timmermans, M. (Maarten), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Oldenburg, R.A. (Rogier), Verhoef, S. (Senno), Dommering, C.J. (Charlotte), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Gille, J.J.P. (Jan), Lindsey, P.J. (Patrick), Devilee, P. (Peter), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike), Gómez García, E.B. (Encarna), Oosterwijk, J.C. (Jan), Timmermans, M. (Maarten), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Hogervorst, F.B.L. (Frans), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Oldenburg, R.A. (Rogier), Verhoef, S. (Senno), Dommering, C.J. (Charlotte), Ausems, M.G.E.M. (Margreet), Os, T.A.M. (Theo) van, Hout, A.H. (Annemarie) van der, Ligtenberg, M.J. (Marjolijn), Ouweland, A.M.W. (Ans) van den, Luijt, R.B. (Rob) van der, Wijnen, J.T. (Juul), Gille, J.J.P. (Jan), Lindsey, P.J. (Patrick), Devilee, P. (Peter), Blok, M.J. (Marinus), and Vreeswijk, M.P. (Maaike)
Abstract: Introduction: Unclassified variants (UVs) in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are a frequent problem in counseling breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer families. Information about cancer family history is usually available, but has rarely been used to evaluate UVs. The aim of the present study was to identify which is the best combination of clinical parameters that can predict whether a UV is deleterious, to be used for the classification of UVs.Methods: We developed logistic regression models with the best combination of clinical features that distinguished a positive control of BRCA pathogenic variants (115 families) from a negative control population of BRCA variants initially classified as UVs and later considered neutral (38 families).Results: The models included a combination of BRCAPRO scores, Myriad scores, number of ovarian cancers in the family, the age at diagnosis, and the number of persons with ovarian tumors and/or breast tumors. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were respectively 0.935 and 0.836 for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 models. For each model, the minimum receiver operating characteristic distance (respectively 90% and 78% specificity for BRCA1 and BRCA2) was chosen as the cutoff value to predict which UVs are deleterious from a study population of 12 UVs, present in 59 Dutch families. The p.S1655F, p.R1699W, and p.R1699Q variants in BRCA1 and the p.Y2660D, p.R2784Q, and p.R3052W variants in BRCA2 are classified as deleterious according to our models. The predictions of the p.L246V variant in BRCA1 and of the p.Y42C, p.E462G, p.R2888C, and p.R3052Q variants in BRCA2 are in agreement with published information of them being neutral. The p.R2784W variant in BRCA2 remains uncertain.Conclusions: The present study shows that these developed models are useful to classify UVs in clinical genetic practice.
Published: 2009
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25. Incidence of cancer in first-degree relatives of basal cell carcinoma patients

Author: Rossum, M.M. (Michelle) van, Wopereis, D., Hoyer, T., Soerjomataram, I. (Isabelle), Schalkwijk, J., Kerkhof, P.C.M. van de, Kiemeney, L.A.L.M. (Bart), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Rossum, M.M. (Michelle) van, Wopereis, D., Hoyer, T., Soerjomataram, I. (Isabelle), Schalkwijk, J., Kerkhof, P.C.M. van de, Kiemeney, L.A.L.M. (Bart), and Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)
Abstract: There is evidence to suggest that genetic factors play an important role in the development of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), and that skin neoplasms might be a sign for a genetic predisposition to cancer. We investigated whether the incidence of visceral and skin malignancies among first-degree relatives of BCC-patients was increased. Postal questionnaires were sent to 249 BCC-patients, who were divided into two groups (young = BCC under the age of 51 years and older = BCC over the age of 50 years), and asked them about cancer in their first-degree relatives. The reported numbers of cancer among the relatives were compared with the expected numbers based on sex and age-specific population-based incidence rates. The accuracy of the reported diagnoses was verified. A total of 157 BCC-patients reported 277 malignancies in 1,272 relatives. The incidence of the following cancers was higher than expected in relatives from young BCC-patients: bone and soft tissue (O/E = 3.91; 95% CI: 1.43-8.66), skin (O/E = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.30-3.29) and digestive tract (O/E = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.10-2.23). In relatives of older BCC-patients, only the incidence of digestive tract cancer was higher than expected (O/E = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.08-1.89). Diagnoses that were verified turned out to be accurate in 87% of the cases. This study suggests that the risk of certain cancers, particularly that of the digestive tract, in first-degree relatives of BCC-patients is increased. These findings may indicate a genetic predisposition to both skin and visceral malignancies in this patient group.
Published: 2009
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26. Breast tumor characteristics of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation carriers on MRI

Author: Veltman, J., Mann, R., Kok, T. (Theo), Obdeijn, A.I.M. (Inge-Marie), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Blickman, J.G., Boetes, C. (Carla), Veltman, J., Mann, R., Kok, T. (Theo), Obdeijn, A.I.M. (Inge-Marie), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Blickman, J.G., and Boetes, C. (Carla)
Abstract: The appearance of malignant lesions in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (BRCA-MCs) on mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated. Thus, 29 BRCA-MCs with breast cancer were retrospectively evaluated and the results compared with an age, tumor size and tumor type matched control group of 29 sporadic breast cancer cases. Detection rates on both modalities were evaluated. Tumors were analyzed on morphology, density (mammography), enhancement pattern and kinetics (MRI). Overall detection was significantly better with MRI than with mammography (55/58 vs 44/57, P = 0.021). On mammography, lesions in the BRCA-MC group were significantly more described as rounded (12//19 vs 3/13, P = 0.036) and with sharp margins (9/19 vs 1/13, P = 0.024). On MRI lesions in the BRCA-MC group were significantly more described as rounded (16/27 vs 7/28, P = 0.010), with sharp margins (20/27 vs 7/28, P < 0.001) and with rim enhancement (7/27 vs 1/28, P = 0.025). No significant difference was found for enhancement kinetics (P = 0.667). Malignant lesions in BRCA-MC frequently have morphological characteristics commonly seen in benign lesions, like a rounded shape or sharp margins. This applies for both mammography and MRI. However the possibility of MRI to evaluate the enhancement pattern and kinetics enables the detection of characteristics suggestive for a malignancy.
Published: 2008
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27. Genomewide high-density SNP linkage analysis of non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families identifies various candidate regions and has greater power than microsatellite studies

Author: González-Neira, A. (Anna), Rosa-Rosa, J.M., Osorio, A. (Ana), Gonzalez, E. (Emilio), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Lynch, H. (Henry), Oldenburg, R.A. (Rogier), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Pita, G. (Guillermo), Devilee, P. (Peter), Goldgar, D. (David), Benítez, J. (Javier), González-Neira, A. (Anna), Rosa-Rosa, J.M., Osorio, A. (Ana), Gonzalez, E. (Emilio), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Sinilnikova, O. (Olga), Lynch, H. (Henry), Oldenburg, R.A. (Rogier), Asperen, C.J. (Christi) van, Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Pita, G. (Guillermo), Devilee, P. (Peter), Goldgar, D. (David), and Benítez, J. (Javier)
Abstract: Background: The recent development of new high-throughput technologies for SNP genotyping has opened the possibility of taking a genome-wide linkage approach to the search for new candidate genes involved in heredity diseases. The two major breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in 30% of hereditary breast cancer cases, but the discovery of additional breast cancer predisposition genes for the non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families has so far been unsuccessful. Results: In order to evaluate the power improvement provided by using SNP markers in a real situation, we have performed a whole genome screen of 19 non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families using 4720 genomewide SNPs with Illumina technology (Illumina's Linkage III Panel), with an average distance of 615 Kb/SNP. We identified six regions on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 7, 11 and 14 as candidates to contain genes involved in breast cancer susceptibility, and additional fine mapping genotyping using microsatellite markers around linkage peaks confirmed five of them, excluding the region on chromosome 3. These results were consistent in analyses that excluded SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium. The results were compared with those obtained previously using a 10 cM microsatellite scan (STR-GWS) and we found lower or not significant linkage signals with STR-GWS data compared to SNP data in all cases. Conclusion: Our results show the power increase that SNPs can supply in linkage studies.
Published: 2007
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28. Atorvastatin dose-dependently decreases hepatic lipase activity in type 2 diabetes: effect of sex and the LIPC promoter variant

Author: Berk-Planken, I.I.L. (Ingrid), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Stolk, R.P. (Ronald), Bootsma, A.H. (Aart), Jansen, H. (Hans), Berk-Planken, I.I.L. (Ingrid), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Stolk, R.P. (Ronald), Bootsma, A.H. (Aart), and Jansen, H. (Hans)
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Hepatic lipase (HL) is involved in the metabolism of several lipoproteins and may contribute to the atherogenic lipid profile in type 2 diabetes. Little is known about the effect of cholesterol synthesis inhibitors on HL activity in relation to sex and the hepatic lipase gene, the LIPC promoter variant in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we studied the effect of atorvastatin 10 mg (A10) and 80 mg (A80) on HL activity in 198 patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients (aged 45-75 years, without manifest coronary artery disease, total cholesterol 4.0-8.0 mmol/l, and fasting triglycerides [TG] 1.5-6.0 mmol/l) were included in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial for 30 weeks (Diabetes Atorvastatin Lipid Intervention study). RESULTS: HL activity at baseline was significantly higher in our population compared with an age-matched control group without type 2 diabetes (406 +/- 150 vs. 357 +/- 118 units/l
Published: 2003

29. Expression of type III hyperlipoproteinemia in apolipoprotein E2 (Arg158 --> Cys) homozygotes is associated with hyperinsulinemia

Author: Stalenhoef, A.F., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Kastelein, J.J.P. (John), Gevers Leuven, J.A., Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Havekes, L.M., Smelt, A.H., Beer, F. (Femke) de, Stalenhoef, A.F., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Kastelein, J.J.P. (John), Gevers Leuven, J.A., Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Havekes, L.M., Smelt, A.H., and Beer, F. (Femke) de
Abstract: Type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) is mainly found in homozygous carriers of apolipoprotein E2 (apoE2, Arg158-->Cys). Only a small percentage (< 5%) of these apoE2 homozygotes develops hyperlipidemia, indicating that additional environmental and genetic factors contribute to the expression of type III HLP. In the present study, first, the prevalence of type III HLP among apoE2 homozygotes was estimated in a Dutch population sample of 8888 participants. Second, 68 normocholesterolemic and 162 hypercholesterolemic apoE2 homozygotes (type III HLP patients) were collected to investigate additional factors influencing type III HLP expression. In the Dutch population sample, apoE2 homozygosity occurred with a frequency of 0.6% (57 of 8888 individuals). Among the 57 E2/2 subjects, 10 type III HLP patients were identified (prevalence 18%). Comparison of normocholesterolemic E2/2 subjects and type III HLP patients showed that the latter had a significantly increased body mass index (25.6 +/- 4.0 versus 26.9 +/- 3.8 kg/m(2), respectively; P=0.03) and prevalence of hyperinsulinemia (26% versus 63%, respectively; P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis d
Published: 2002

30. Doxazosin and hydrochlorothiazide equally affect arterial wall thickness in hypertensive males with hypercholesterolaemia (the DAPHNE study) Doxazosin Atherosclerosis Progression Study in Hypertensives in the Netherlands

Author: Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Groot, E. (Eric) de, Heide, L.H.M. de, Ridder, M.A.J. (Maria) de, Birkenhäger, J.C. (Jan), Stijnen, Th. (Theo), Jansen, H. (Hans), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Groot, E. (Eric) de, Heide, L.H.M. de, Ridder, M.A.J. (Maria) de, Birkenhäger, J.C. (Jan), Stijnen, Th. (Theo), and Jansen, H. (Hans)
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Observational studies suggest a synergistic effect of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia on the progression of atherosclerosis. The alpha-blocker doxazosin has favourable effects on plasma lipids, insulin resistance and blood pressure, while the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) principally affects blood pressure and increases insulin resistance. METHODS: A randomised double-blind study over 36 months was performed to compare the effects of doxazosin and HCT
Published: 2002

31. Significance of various parameters derived from biological variability of lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, cysteine, and total antioxidant status

Author: Cobbaert, C.M. (Christa), Arentsen, J.C., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Lindemans, J. (Jan), Mulder, P.G.H. (Paul), Cobbaert, C.M. (Christa), Arentsen, J.C., Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Lindemans, J. (Jan), and Mulder, P.G.H. (Paul)
Abstract: Analytical and biological components of variability and various derived indices have been determined for lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), and total antioxidant status (TAOS) in ostensibly healthy adult Caucasians and in stable outpatients with an increased serum Lp(a). In healthy Caucasians, average intraindividual biological CVs (CVb) were 20.0% for Lp(a), 9.4% for Hcy, 5.9% for Cys, and 2.8% for TAOS, CVbs being similar in men and women. In the outpatient group, CVbs were comparable for Hcy, Cys, and TAOS, but significantly lower for Lp(a) (7.5% vs 20.0%; P <0.0001). Moreover, a significant inverse relation between both biological and analytical CVs (CVa) and serum Lp(a) concentrations was demonstrated. We conclude that average CVa and CVb values, and hence average derived indices, are adequate for Hcy, Cys, and TAOS, whereas individual values should be used for Lp(a).
Published: 1997

32. Growth hormone normalizes low-density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in hypothyroid rats

Author: Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jansen, H. (Hans), Staels, B. (Bart), Kloet, L.T. (Lianne), Birkenhäger, J.C. (Jan), Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline), Jansen, H. (Hans), Staels, B. (Bart), Kloet, L.T. (Lianne), and Birkenhäger, J.C. (Jan)
Published: 1996
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33. Lipoprotein metabolism in hypothyroidism : the contribution of growth hormone

Author: Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline) and Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)
Abstract: Current data suggest a role for GH in the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism. In hypothyroidism not only the secretion of thyroid hormone, but also of GH is decreased. Generally the effects on plasma lipids seen in hypothyroid individuals are considered to be a consequence of decreased thyroid hormone levels. More then twenty years ago evidence was found that treatment of hypothyroid rats with GH in supraphysiologic doses affects plasma lipid concentrations, but whether a lack of GH (activity) is involved in the pathophysiology of lipid metabolism in hypothyroidism can not be answered from the present literature. The first aim was to investigate whether the changes occurring in lipid metabolism during hypothyroidism, merely result from a lack of thyroid hormone or are also attributable to a deficiency in GH-activity. In hypothyroid women the relationship between GH-activity (lGF-1) and plasma lipoproteins was evaluated (Chapter 2). The effects of a physiological dose of GH on lipoprotein concentrations during the hypothyroid status were studied in hypothyroid and hypophysectomized rats, as reported in Chapter 3. Furthermore, the effects on IGF-I and lipoproteins of substitution of hypothyroid rats with varying doses of thyroid hormone were studied (Chapter 4). The second aim was to investigate the mechanism by which GH can affect lipid metabolism, especially during hypothyroidism. The major cause of hypercholesterolemia in hypothyroidism is a decreased LDL catabolism in the liver. Hypothyroid rats were treated with GH and the effects of the hypothyroid status and GH treatment on liver cell LDL-receptor mRNA, LDL receptor expression and HMG-CoA reductase was studied, as described in Chapter 5. In Chapter 6 the effects of IGF-1, GH and T3 on the expression and function of the LDL-receptor in a human hepatoma derived cell line (HepG2) are described.
Published: 1992

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33 results on '"Hoogerbrugge, N. (Nicoline)"'

1. Reply to Kratz et al.

2. Guidelines for the Li–Fraumeni and heritable TP53-related cancer syndromes

3. Cancer Surveillance Guideline for individuals with PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome

4. Parelsnoer institute biobank hereditary colorectal cancer: A joint infrastructure for patient data and biomaterial on hereditary colorectal cancer in the Netherlands

5. Boosting care and knowledge about hereditary cancer: European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes

6. A patient decision aid for risk-reducing surgery in premenopausal BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: Development process and pilot testing

7. Role of germline aberrations affecting CTNNA1, MAP3K6 and MYD88 in gastric cancer susceptibility

8. Childhood neuroendocrine tumours: A descriptive study revealing clues for genetic predisposition

9. Unraveling genetic predisposition to familial or early onset gastric cancer using germline whole-exome sequencing

10. Colorectal cancer risk variants at 8q23.3 and 11q23.1 are associated with disease phenotype in APC mutation carriers

11. Recognition of genetic predisposition in pediatric cancer patients: An easy-to-use selection tool

12. Recurrent candidiasis and early-onset gastric cancer in a patient with a genetically defined partial MYD88 defect

13. Candidate genetic modifiers for breast and ovarian cancer risk inBRCA1andBRCA2 mutation carriers

14. Breast and ovarian cancer risks in a large series of clinically ascertained families with a high proportion of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Dutch founder mutations

15. Colorectal cancer risk variants on 11q23 and 15q13 are associated with unexplained adenomatous polyposis

16. DNA Glycosylases Involved in Base Excision Repair May Be Associated with Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

17. Risks of less common cancers in proven mutation carriers with lynch syndrome

18. Rare variants in XRCC2 as breast cancer susceptibility alleles

19. A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IRS1 modifies risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers

20. Differences in natural history between breast cancers in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and effects of MRI Screening-MRISC, MARIBS, and Canadian studies combined

21. Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

22. Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles and the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: Implications for risk prediction

23. BRCA1-associated breast cancers present differently from BRCA2-associated and familial cases: Long-term follow-up of the Dutch MRISC screening study

24. A method to assess the clinical significance of unclassified variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes based on cancer family history

25. Incidence of cancer in first-degree relatives of basal cell carcinoma patients

26. Breast tumor characteristics of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation carriers on MRI

27. Genomewide high-density SNP linkage analysis of non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families identifies various candidate regions and has greater power than microsatellite studies

28. Atorvastatin dose-dependently decreases hepatic lipase activity in type 2 diabetes: effect of sex and the LIPC promoter variant

29. Expression of type III hyperlipoproteinemia in apolipoprotein E2 (Arg158 --> Cys) homozygotes is associated with hyperinsulinemia

30. Doxazosin and hydrochlorothiazide equally affect arterial wall thickness in hypertensive males with hypercholesterolaemia (the DAPHNE study) Doxazosin Atherosclerosis Progression Study in Hypertensives in the Netherlands

31. Significance of various parameters derived from biological variability of lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, cysteine, and total antioxidant status

32. Growth hormone normalizes low-density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in hypothyroid rats

33. Lipoprotein metabolism in hypothyroidism : the contribution of growth hormone

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