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Ribonucleic acid for injection II is a clinical adjuvant cancer therapy treatment based on immunotherapy, which exerts its effects by enhancing immune function and suppressing tumor growth. However, the mechanism underlying the ameliorative effect on immunosuppressed hematopoietic dysfunction remains unclear. This study confirmed the immune-boosting and hematopoietic-promoting effects of ribonucleic acid for injection II, which has a wide distribution of molecular weights and is rich in amino acids and nucleotides. Ribonucleic acid for injection II influences the gut microbiota and serum metabolites to enhance immunity in immunosuppressed mice induced by CTX, while also mitigating bone marrow injury and increasing hematopoietic cells through mediating macrophage M1 differentiation, thereby improving hematopoietic dysfunction in mice.

The concurrent presence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and schwannoma is extremely rare, and its pathological characteristics remain unclear. This case report reported the diagnostic and treatment process of a patient with a pancreatic GIST coexisting with esophageal schwannoma, who was admitted to West China Hospital (Sichuan, China) in April 2015. The patient did not undergo surgical resection of the tumor but instead received an 8-year regimen of imatinib therapy, during which no tumor progression was observed. However, the patient developed pleural effusion as a result of the localized enlargement of the esophageal schwannoma, which exerted pressure on the right inferior pulmonary vein. This case report provides valuable clinical insights into this distinctive disease presentation.

Abstract Skyrmions in existing 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials have primarily been limited to cryogenic temperatures, and the underlying physical mechanism of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), a crucial ingredient for stabilizing chiral skyrmions, remains inadequately explored. Here, we report the observation of Néel-type skyrmions in a vdW ferromagnet Fe3−x GaTe2 above room temperature. Contrary to previous assumptions of centrosymmetry in Fe3−x GaTe2, the atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals that the off-centered FeΙΙ atoms break the spatial inversion symmetry, rendering it a polar metal. First-principles calculations further elucidate that the DMI primarily stems from the Te sublayers through the Fert–Lévy mechanism. Remarkably, the chiral skyrmion lattice in Fe3−x GaTe2 can persist up to 330 K at zero magnetic field, demonstrating superior thermal stability compared to other known skyrmion vdW magnets. This work provides valuable insights into skyrmionics and presents promising prospects for 2D material-based skyrmion devices operating beyond room temperature.

Food safety hinges on effective detection technology. Traditional methods, while somewhat destructive, also prove time-consuming, inefficient, cumbersome, and subjective. Hence, it is of great significance to explore non-destructive, swift and efficient detection technology for ensuring food safety and quality assessment. Multispectral imaging (MSI), an emerging non-destructive detection technology, features rapidity, non-destructiveness, and objectivity. It introduces a new method for expeditious and non-destructive detection in the food industry. This paper introduces the principles, advantages and disadvantages, and data analysis method of MSI technology and conducts a review of related research on the application of MSI technology at home and abroad in the fields of fruit quality assessment, vegetable grading, meat adulteration and aquatic product spoilage detection. In the end, the paper makes a summary and future outlook on the development of MSI technology in the non-destructive detection of internal and external food quality.

We perform dielectric and impedance spectrums on the compressively-strained ceramics of multiferroic bismuth ferrite. The subsurface-nanolayer quasipolarons manifest the step-like characteristic of pressure-dependent transient frequency and, furthermore, pressure-dependency fails in the transformation between complex permittivity and electrical impedance, which is well-known in classic dielectric physics, as well as the bulk dipole chain at the end of the dissipation peak.

Abstract Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with conventional bulk ferromagnets separated by a nonmagnetic insulating layer are key building blocks in spintronics for magnetic sensors and memory. A radically different approach of using atomically-thin van der Waals (vdW) materials in MTJs is expected to boost their figure of merit, the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), while relaxing the lattice-matching requirements from the epitaxial growth and supporting high-quality integration of dissimilar materials with atomically-sharp interfaces. We report TMR up to 192% at 10 K in all-vdW Fe3GeTe2/GaSe/Fe3GeTe2 MTJs. Remarkably, instead of the usual insulating spacer, this large TMR is realized with a vdW semiconductor GaSe. Integration of semiconductors into the MTJs offers energy-band-tunability, bias dependence, magnetic proximity effects, and spin-dependent optical-selection rules. We demonstrate that not only the magnitude of the TMR is tuned by the semiconductor thickness but also the TMR sign can be reversed by varying the bias voltages, enabling modulation of highly spin-polarized carriers in vdW semiconductors.

Low-dimensional multiferroic metals characterized by the simultaneous coexistence of ferroelectricity, conductivity, and magnetism hold tremendous potential for scientific and technological endeavors. However, the mutually exclusive mechanisms among these properties impede the discovery of multifunctional conducting multiferroics, especially at the atomic-scale. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we design and demonstrate intrinsic one-dimensional (1D) ferroelectrics and carrier doping-induced metallic multiferroics in an atomic WOF4 wire. The WOF4 atomic wire that can be derived from a 1D van der Waals crystal exhibits pronounced ferroelectricity manifested in the form of large cooperative atomic displacements. By performing Monte Carlo simulations with an effective Hamiltonian method, we obtain the nanowire that can sustain a high Curie temperature, indicating its potential for room-temperature applications. Moreover, doping with electrons is found to induce magnetism and metallic conductivity that coexists with the ferroelectric distortion in the nanowire. These appealing properties in conjunction with the experimental feasibility enable the doped WOF4 nanowire to act as a promising atomic-scale multifunctional material.

Curculigoside (CCG) is a phenolic glycoside compound extracted from the root of a natural plant called Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of CCG through oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial dysfunction on L-glutamate (L-Glu)-damaged hippocampal neuron cell line (HT22) and APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice were investigated. Observably, CCG in L-Glu-damaged HT22 cells suppressed apoptosis, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, balanced the mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented the over-influx of calcium. In APP/PS1 mice, 4-week CCG administration significantly improved their memory and behavioral impairments, enhanced the function of cholinergic system, reduced the deposition of Aβ and neurofibrillary fiber tangles caused by tau phosphorylation, and suppressed the development and progression of oxidative stress in brains of APP/PS1 mice. Based on the screening of proteomic analysis on hippocampus, CCG were confirmed that it could regulate the expression levels of proteins related to mitochondrial dysfunction, mainly through activating on AMPK/Nrf2 signaling, in APP/PS1 mice and L-Glu-exposed HT22 cells. CCG has a prominent neuroprotective effect on regulate the AMPK/Nrf2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in cells APP/PS1 mice support CCG is a potentially potent drug for AD treatment and merits further investigation.

A green and efficient ultrasonic-assisted acidic natural deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of anthocyanins from Aronia Melanocarpa was developed. The extraction conditions were optimized by the artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, and the stability and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extracts were investigated. A series of acidic natural deep eutectic solvents were prepared using betaine and organic acids as hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor respectively. Their physical and chemical properties such as density, viscosity, pH value were measured. The structure and formation mechanism of natural deep eutectic solvents were studied by infrared spectroscopy. The optimal extraction conditions were optimized by artificial neural network combined with genetic algorithm. The photostability, thermal stability and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extract were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the natural deep eutectic solvents formed by the hydrogen bond interaction between betaine and lactic acid had the characteristics of density as low as 1.19, viscosity as low as 24.75 mPa·s and pH as 2.89. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: betaine and lactic acid were used to prepare natural deep eutectic solvents, molar ratio was 1:3, water content was 32%, ultrasonic power was 124 W, ultrasonic time was 24 min and initial ultrasonic temperature was 32 ℃. Under this condition, the anthocyanins extraction yield reached 23.62 mg/g. Compared with traditional solvents and other methods, the method is green, efficient and simple to operate. The results of stability and antioxidant experiments showed that light can accelerate the degradation of anthocyanins in the extract. When the temperature was higher than 50 ℃, the thermal degradation of anthocyanins accelerated with the first-order kinetic degradation constant k>0.0234. When the mass concentration was 200 μg/mL, the DPPH free radical scavenging rate and total antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins extracts were 62.30% and 6.39 mmol/L FeSO4·7H2O equivalent, and at a mass concentration of 30 μg/mL, the ABTS+ free radical scavenging rate of anthocyanins extracts was 85.14%. The antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extracts was significantly (P

The spin Hall effect (SHE), typically emerging in non-magnetic metals with strong spin-orbit couplings, has attracted significant attention for its ability to convert a charge current into a spin current, a key feature in power-efficient spintronic devices. Recently, an enhanced SHE has been detected in the magnetic alloys, where the spin Hall conductivity is strongly modified by the dynamical and thermal spin fluctuations. We find that the spin Hall angle ( ${\theta _{{\text{SH}}}}$ ) in Pt _100− _x Co _x alloys dramatically changes at the Curie temperature, which is positive in the paramagnetic phase akin to Pt, while negative in the ferromagnetic phase. Such intriguing behavior of ${\theta _{{\text{SH}}}}$ stemming from individual and collective fluctuations in the magnetic moments is further substantiated with the full-fledged Monte Carlo simulations. Our work broadens insights into the SHE and highlights the importance of spin fluctuations for the spin-current generation near the ferromagnetic instability point of magnetic alloys.

Abstract Magnetic skyrmions, topologically protected chiral spin swirling quasiparticles, have attracted great attention in fundamental physics and applications. Recently, the discovery of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets have aroused great interest due to their appealing physical properties. Moreover, both experimental and theoretical works have revealed that isotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) can be achieved in 2D magnets or ferromagnet-based heterostructures. However, 2D magnets with anisotropic DMI haven’t been reported yet. Here, via using first-principles calculations, we unveil that anisotropic DMI protected by D 2d crystal symmetry can exist in 2D ternary compounds MCuX 2 (M: 3d transition metal (TM), X: group VIA). Interestingly, by using micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate that ferromagnetic (FM) antiskyrmions, FM bimerons, antiferromagnetic (AFM) antiskyrmions, and AFM bimerons can be realized in the MCuX 2 family. Our discovery opens up an avenue to creating antiskyrmions and bimerons with anisotropic DMI protected by D 2d crystal symmetry in 2D magnets.

Using model analysis and first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that intrinsic ferromagnetic field of materials can effectively modulate the non-Dirac band dispersions. The four-bands k·p model illustrates that rotating magnetization from in-plane to out-of-plane lifts the degeneracy of band dispersions at Γ point, and spin components of lower or upper two bands tend to become identical as the enhancement of exchange field, which results in non-trivial topology. Moreover, we exemplify these phenomena in stanene-based systems, namely stanene/hematene heterostructure and half-hydrogen-passivated stanene, respectively. Some interesting spin-dependent transport behavior, such as large magnetoresistance and quantum anomalous hall effect, are achieved. These findings enrich the physics of non-Dirac electrons and provide promising routes for realizing effective manipulation of band dispersions via spin freedom.

The fault diagnosis of the inverter is fundamental to energy intelligence. Due to the complex characteristics of the inverter (e.g., high-dimensional decision and poor stability), it is challenging to solve the problem using traditional fault diagnosis methods. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches have emerged as the most promising methods. However, they often require to set hyperparameters manually, which hinders further AI-based applications in fault diagnosis of inverters. To fill the gap, we propose an inverter fault diagnosis method using fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and evolutionary neural network. This method combines the amplitude of low-frequency harmonic component of the three-phase inverter output current which is obtained by FFT and the average value in a period of three-phase inverter output current into the fault eigenvector. This method uses an evolutionary neural network trained by combining genetic algorithm (GA), ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm and Back-propagation (BP) algorithm to realize fault diagnosis. This method can effectively resist noise interference and reduce the number of independent variables in the part of feature extraction, so that it can simplify the network model. In addition, this method can avoid the network training from trapping in local optima in the part of fault classification, with high accuracy and fast response speed. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm and method of fault feature extraction can effectively detect and locate the insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) with open circuit (OC) fault in three-phase inverter, and can be applied to online monitoring.

Abstract The optimal design of shape memory alloys (SMAs) with specific properties is crucial for the innovative application in advanced technologies. Herein, inspired by the recently proposed design concept of concentration modulation, we explore martensitic transformation (MT) in and design the mechanical properties of Ti-Nb nanocomposites by combining high-throughput phase-field simulations and machine learning (ML) approaches. Systematic phase-field simulations generate data of the mechanical properties for various nanocomposites constructed by four macroscopic degrees of freedom. An ML-assisted strategy is adopted to perform multiobjective optimization of the mechanical properties, through which promising nanocomposite configurations are prescreened for the next set of phase-field simulations. The ML-guided simulations discover an optimized nanocomposite, composed of Nb-rich matrix and Nb-lean nanofillers, that exhibits a combination of mechanical properties, including ultralow modulus, linear super-elasticity, and near-hysteresis-free in a loading-unloading cycle. The exceptional mechanical properties in the nanocomposite originate from optimized continuous MT rather than a sharp first-order transition, which is common in typical SMAs. This work demonstrates the great potential of ML-guided phase-field simulations in the design of advanced materials with extraordinary properties.

Abstract Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and clinical efficacy among 101 cases of rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and to investigate the significance of imatinib mesylate (IM) neoadjuvant therapy. Methods The clinicopathological features, treatment methods, perioperative data, and prognosis of the patients were summarized and analysed in 101 patients with rectal GISTs who received treatment in the Gastrointestinal Surgery of West China Hospital of Sichuan University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from August 2002 to November 2020 in China. Results A total of 101 patients, including 64 males and 37 females, were aged from 22 to 79 years (55.4 ± 12.2 years). Among the 70 patients who underwent direct surgery, 8 were very low risk cases, 10 were low risk cases, 7 were intermediate risk cases, and 45 were high risk cases. Cox regression analysis showed that postoperative IM adjuvant treatment improved the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of 52 intermediate and high risk patients. Among the 31 patients who received neoadjuvant therapy, the objective response rate (ORR) was 83.9% (26/31), and the disease control rate (DCR) reached 96.8% (30/31). Subgroup analysis was also conducted based on the tumour diameter. (1) Among the 36 patients with a diameter ≤ 5 cm, two patients received IM neoadjuvant therapy, while 34 patients received direct surgery. Neither univariate nor Cox regression analysis found that neoadjuvant therapy affected DFS and OS. (2) Among the 65 patients with a diameter > 5 cm, 29 received IM neoadjuvant therapy, and 36 received direct surgery. Patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy had less blood loss (P = 0.022), shorter postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.001), increased anal retention rate (93.1% vs. 72.2%, P = 0.031), and decreased enterostomy rate (10.3% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.037) than those who underwent direct surgery. Cox regression analysis suggested that neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative IM adjuvant therapy improved DFS. Conclusion Rectal GISTs are relatively rare and highly malignant tumors. Postoperative oral IM therapy can improve the DFS and OS of intermediate and high risk patients. In patients with rectal GISTs with diameters > 5 cm, IM neoadjuvant therapy can improve anal retention rate, preserve the structure and function of the organs, reduce enterostomy rate, and improve prognosis.

Synthetic antiferromagnets (SAF), formed out of alternating layers of a ferromagnet with neutral spacer combine technologically appealing properties of both antiferromagnets and ferromagnets. Here, Chen et al demonstrate controlled switching of an SAF, without the need for an applied magnetic field.

Background: Vitamin D supplementation has been proven to be effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Objective: We conducted the present study to explore the role and efficacy of vitamin D adjuvant therapy for the treatment of inflammation in patients with AR. Methods: Out of 127 patients with potential eligible AR, 60 were randomly assigned into two groups and were finally included in our analysis (n=30 for each intervention). The patients with potential eligible AR were randomly allocated to intervention with desloratadine citrate disodium (DCD, 8.8 mg/day) without and with vitamin D3 nasal drops (1.5х106 IU, once/week) for four weeks. Thirty healthy control subjects were included in our study. We assessed the changes in the serum 25(OH)D, peripheral blood eosinophils, interleukin (IL)-4 levels, and nasal symptoms. Serum 25(OH)D, peripheral blood eosinophils, and IL-4 levels were detected respectively with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), a blood detector, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Our patients who received vitamin D3 adjuvant therapy had a higher serum 25(OH)D level (47.57 ± 2.83 vs. 31.51 ± 2.95 ng/ml, p=0.000) and lower AR symptoms score (2.07 ± 1.89 vs. 3.37 ± 1.50, p=0.005), serum IL-4 (10.38 ± 3.41 vs. 12.79 ± 5.40 pg/ml, p=0.043), and peripheral blood eosinophils (0.34 ± 0.09 vs. 0.41 ± 0.10 109/l, p=0.003) compared with DCD single treatment. The efficacy rates of DCD with and without vitamin D3 in AR were 97% and 84%, respectively. Conclusion: Nasal vitamin D3 combined with DCD could improve the clinical symptoms of AR. Vitamin D3 adjunct therapy showed significant effects on inhibiting inflammation in patients with AR. We concluded that vitamin D3 supplementation could be an effective adjuvant therapy in AR patients.

Abstract Background Overexpression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3H (EIF3H) predicts cancer progression and poor prognosis, but the mechanism underlying EIF3H as an oncogene remains unclear in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods TCGA database and the immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of ESCC samples were used and determined the upregulation of EIF3H in ESCC. CCK8 assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay were performed to examine the ability of cell proliferation and mobility in KYSE150 and KYSE510 cell lines with EIF3H overexpression or knockdown. Xenograft and tail-vein lung metastatic mouse models of KYSE150 cells with or without EIF3H knockdown were also used to confirm the function of EIF3H on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. A potential substrate of EIF3H was screened by co-immunoprecipitation assay (co-IP) combined with mass spectrometry in HEK293T cells. Their interaction and co-localization were confirmed using reciprocal co-IP and immunofluorescence staining assay. The function of EIF3H on Snail ubiquitination and stability was demonstrated by the cycloheximide (CHX) pulse-chase assay and ubiquitination assay. The correlation of EIF3H and Snail in clinical ESCC samples was verified by IHC. Results We found that EIF3H is significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer and ectopic expression of EIF3H in ESCC cell lines promotes cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Conversely, genetic inhibition of EIF3H represses ESCC tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we identified EIF3H as a novel deubiquitinating enzyme of Snail. We demonstrated that EIF3H interacts with and stabilizes Snail through deubiquitination. Therefore, EIF3H could promote Snail-mediated EMT process in ESCC. In clinical ESCC samples, there is also a positive correlation between EIF3H and Snail expression. Conclusions Our study reveals a critical EIF3H-Snail signaling axis in tumor aggressiveness in ESCC and provides EIF3H as a promising biomarker for ESCC treatment.

Plane clustering methods, typically, k plane clustering (kPC), play conclusive roles in the family of data clustering. Instead of point-prototype, they aim to seek multiple plane-prototype fitting planes as centers to group the given data into their corresponding clusters based on L2 norm metric. However, they are usually sensitive to outliers because of square operation on the L2 norm. In this paper, we focus on robust plane clustering and propose a L1 norm plane clustering method, termed as L1kPC. The leading problem is optimized on the L1 ball hull, a non-convex feasible domain. To handle the problem, we provide a new strategy and its related mathematical proofs for L1 norm optimization. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the advantages of our proposed lie in 4 folds: 1) similar to kPC, it has clear geometrical interpretation; 2) it is more capable of resisting to outlier; 3) theoretically, it is proved that the leading non-convex problem is equivalent to several convex sub-problems. To our best knowledge, this opens up a new way for L1 norm optimization; 4) the k fitting planes are solved by k individual linear programming problems, rather than higher time-consuming eigenvalue equations or quadratic programming problems used in the conventional plane clustering methods. Experiments on some artificial, benchmark UCI and human face datasets show its superiorities in robustness, training time, and clustering accuracy.

Piecewise linear regressions have shown many successful applications in image denoising, signal process, and data mining fields. In essence, they attempt to seek multiple linear functions (piecewise/stepwise function) to fit the given scatter data points by various methodologies, typically point-centered clustering methods, such as k-means or fuzzy c means. Obviously, it is reasonable that plane-centered clustering is more suitable for capturing the linearities in data. In this paper, we propose an efficient piecewise linear regression method based on k-plane clustering, termed as PlrPC. The proposed method first partitions the data into multiple plane-centered clusters and then analytically compute corresponding piecewise linear functions. Compared with the state-to-the-art linear regressors, the advantages of the PlrPC lie in fourfold: 1) it is generated from plane clustering, which is truly coincident with geometrical intuition; 2) to fuse the linear characteristics into plane clustering, a new implicit regression method is proposed; 3) a new plane jump method is proposed to detect the number of clusters, and; 4) the leading problem can be solved by ordinary eigenvalue problems. The experimental results will show the aforesaid characters on some artificial and some benchmark datasets.

Inonotus hispidus (Bull.: Fr.) P. Karst. spore powder (IHS) contains polyphenols and triterpenoids with pharmacological effects. Here, we analyzed its composition, and we investigated the effects of IHS on colorectal cancer (CRC) in B6/JGpt-Apcem1Cin(min)/Gpt (ApcMin/+) mice and its potential mechanisms by analyzing gut microbiota and serum metabolomics. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting were used to confirm the changes in the cytokine and protein levels associated with IHS administration. The IHS affected the abundance of gut microbiota and the level of L-arginine (L-Arg). Furthermore, the IHS influenced T cells in ApcMin/+ mice by increasing the interleukin (IL)-2 and decreasing the IL-5, -6, and -10 levels, thus suppressing tumor development. Overall, IHS showed anti-CRC properties in ApcMin/+ mice by affecting the gut microbiota and serum metabolites, which in turn affected the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling, and regulated the abundance of CD8+ T cells. These results provide experimental support for the potential future treatment of CRC with IHS.

Chronic inflammation can cause oviduct mucosal damage and immune dysfunction, leading to infertility, early pregnancy loss, ectopic pregnancy, tumors, and a decrease in reproductive capacities in female animals. Estrogen can suppress immune responses in different tissues and oviducts, and regulate the oviduct immune balance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of estrogen-regulated oviduct mucosal immunity and discover new estrogen targets for regulating oviduct mucosal immune homeostasis. Sheep oviduct epithelial cells (SOECs) were treated with 17-β estradiol (E2). Transcriptome sequencing and analysis showed differentially expressed S100 calcium-binding protein A (S100A) genes that may participate in the oviduct mucosa immunoregulation of estrogen. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry analysis showed that S100A8 expression changed dynamically in E2-treated SOECs and peaked after 7 h of treatment. Estrogen nuclear receptors and G protein-coupled membrane receptors promoted E2-dependent S100A8 upregulation. The S100A8 gene was disrupted using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 method. Levels of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-4 were significantly upregulated in S100A8-knockdown SOECs, whereas those of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was downregulated. Following S100A8 knockdown in SOECs treated with E2 for 7 h, IL-10 levels increased significantly. Estrogen affected oviduct mucosa immune function and dynamically regulated S100A8 in SOECs. S100A8 knockdown caused an excessive immune response, indicating that S100A8 is beneficial for maintaining immune homeostasis in the oviduct mucosa. Moreover, estrogen can compensate for the effect of S100A8 knockdown by upregulating IL-10.

Electric control of topological magnetic phases has attracted extensive attention due to its potential applications in energy-efficient spintronic devices. Here, using first-principles calculations and atomistic spin model simulations, we demonstrate that electric control of topological magnetic phases can be realized in Janus-magnet-based multiferroic heterostructure, i.e., MnBi_{2}Se_{2}Te_{2}/In_{2}Se_{3}. The loops of vortices and antivortices can be transformed into skyrmions with diameter of only 4 nm via ferroelectricity reversal, which is originated from the change of magnetic anisotropy. For heterostructure with up polarization, loops of vortices and antivortices are further tuned to bimeron solitons by applying in-plane magnetic field. Our results thus pave the way for achieving highly tunable topological magnetism in atomic-thickness heterostructure, which can be useful in nonvolatile data encoding and storage with low-energy consumption.

Acer ginnala is a woody Acer plant with high ornamental value. In the present study, the chloroplast genome of A. ginnala was determined, annotated, and analyzed phylogenetically. The total chloroplast genome was 156,184 bp in length, consisting of a large single-copy region (86,525 bp), a small single-copy region (18,947 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (25,356 bp). The complete chloroplast genome contains 133 genes, including 90 protein-coding genes, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of 49 common proteins from 25 species demonstrated a close relationship between A. ginnala and three others Acer plants species including A. truncatum, A. miaotaiense, and A.catalpifolium. This study will help to understand the phylogenetic position of A. ginnala in genus Acer.