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To evaluate the current evidence of pregnancy outcomes among couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) with abnormal karyotypes vs. those with normal karyotypes and among couples with RPL and abnormal karyotypes after receiving expectant management vs. preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).Systematic review and meta-analysis.Academic medical centers.Pregnancy outcomes in 6,301 couples with RPL who conceived without medical intervention in 11 studies were analyzed. However, only 2 studies addressed the outcomes of couples with RPL and abnormal karyotypes after expectant management (75 cases) vs. PGD (50 cases).None.The pregnancy outcomes in couples with RPL with abnormal and normal karyotypes across included studies were evaluated.Compared with those with a normal karyotype, a significantly lower first pregnancy live birth rate (LBR) was found in couples with RPL with abnormal karyotypes (58.5% vs. 71.9%; odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.65; ICouples with RPL and abnormal karyotypes had a higher miscarriage rate than couples with normal karyotypes but achieved a noninferior accumulated LBR through multiple conception attempts. In couples with RPL and abnormal karyotypes, PGD treatment did not increase the accumulated LBR but markedly reduced miscarriage rate compared with expectant management.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) is a transcriptional factor which plays an important role in the development of the liver, kidney, and intestines. Nevertheless, its role in cervical cancer and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, both immunohistochemistry and western blotting revealed that the expression of HNF4A was downregulated in cervical cancer. Xenograft assays suggested that HN4A could inhibit tumorigenic potential of cervical cancer in vivo. Functional studies illustrated that HNF4A also inhibited the proliferation and viability of cervical cancer cells in vitro. In addition, FACS analysis implied that HNF4A could induce cell cycle arrest from the G0/G1 phase to S phase. Further studies suggested that HNF4A downregulated the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Altogether, our data demonstrated that HNF4A inhibited tumor formation and proliferation of cervical cancer cells through suppressing the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) is considered to be a stem cell marker in many normal tissues and promotes tissue development, regeneration, and repair. LGR6 is also related to the initiation and progression of some malignant tumors. However, the role of LGR6 in cervical cancer has not been reported. Here, immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that LGR6 was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, compared with the normal cervix. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas database, LGR6 was found to be correlated with a poor prognosis of cervical cancer. Then, a small population of LGR6high cells isolated by using the fluorescence-activated cell sorting exhibited enhanced properties of cancer stem cells including self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed that LGR6 was correlated with the Wnt signaling pathway and TOP/FOP, reverse transcription-PCR, and western blotting further proved that LGR6 could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Interestingly, LGR6 upregulated the expression of TCF7L2 by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Then, TCF7L2 combining with β-catenin in the nucleus enhanced LGR6 transcription by binding the promoter of LGR6, which further activated the Wnt signaling to form a positive feedback loop. Thus, our study demonstrated that LGR6 activated a novel β-catenin/TCF7L2/LGR6-positive feedback loop in LGR6high cervical cancer stem cells (CSCs), which provided a new therapeutic strategy for targeting cervical CSCs to improve the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.

NF‐YA is considered as a crucial regulator for the maintenance of cancer stem cell (CSC) and involved in various types of malignant tumours. However, the exact function and molecular mechanisms of NF‐YA in the progression of cervical cancer remains poorly understood. Here, the expression of NF‐YA detected by immunohistochemistry was gradually increased from normal cervical tissues, to the high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and then to cervical cancer tissues. NF‐YA promoted the cell proliferation and tumorigenic properties of cervical cancer cells as well as tumorsphere formation and chemoresistance in vitro. The luciferase reporter assay combined with mutagenesis analyses and Western blotting showed that NF‐YA trans‐activated the expression of SOX2 in cervical cancer. Furthermore, quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed that NF‐YA protein directly bound to the CCAAT box region located upstream of the SOX2 promoter. Together, our data demonstrated that NF‐YA was highly expressed in cervical cancer and promoted the cell proliferation, tumorigenicity and CSC characteristic by trans‐activating the expression of SOX2.

HOXA5 is considered a regulator involved in embryonic development and cellular differentiation and a tumor suppressor. Nevertheless, its biological role in cervical carcinoma is still unclear. In the present study, immunohistochemistry showed that HOXA5 expression gradually decreased as the degree of cervical lesions deepened. Ectopic expression of HOXA5 restrained cell proliferation, decreased cell viability, and inhibited tumor formation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the expression of HOXA5 could arrest cell cycle from G0/G1 to S phase. RNA-seq revealed that p21 and cyclinD1 were involved in this process. Moreover, the gene set enrichment analysis and the TOP/FOP reporter assay both suggested that HOXA5 could restrain the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further study using dual-luciferase reporter assay and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that HOXA5 could directly bind to the TAAT motif within the promoter of TP53 by its HD domain and transactivate TP53, which can upregulate p21. Altogether, our data suggest that HOXA5 inhibits the proliferation and neoplasia via repression activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and transactivating TP53 in cervical cancer.

Because of swainonine-producing endophytic fungal

To explore the expression of CD40/CD40L in multiple myeloma(MM) patients and its influence on prognosis.Thirty patients with MM treated in Cangzhou People's Hospital from May 2016 to June 2017 were selected and divided into MM group, then 30 healthy people with a physical examination in our hospital at the same time were selected as the normal group. The serum CD40/CD40L levels of the patients in the two groups was detected by flow cytometry, and its correlation with the lymphocyte population, pathological grade and prognostic significance of MM patients was anaysis.The expression of CD40 in serum of the patients in MM group was significantly higher than those in normal group (P0.05). The expression of CD40L in serum of the patients in MM group showed no significant difference as compared with those in normal group (P0.05). The levels of CD40 and CD40L in the patients before and after chemotherapy showed no difference(P0.05). The levels of Ts and NK cells in the patients of MM group were lower than those in normal group (P0.05). The proportion of total B lymphocytes, Th and Th/Ts cells between the two groups showed no significant difference (P0.05). The CD40 level was correlated with the serum total B lymphocyte level of the patients in MM group (r=0.877, P=0.005). There was a correlation with CD40L and Th cells in the serum of MM patients (r=-0.783, P=0.035). The expression of serum CD40 in the patients at phase III-IV was higher than those of the patients at phase I-II, the levels of serum CD40L in MM patients at different periods showed no significant difference(P0.05). The survival rate of MM patients with high CD40 expression was lower than that of MM patients with low CD40 expression (χThe increasing of CD40 level in MM patients is related to the pathological grade of the patients. Chemotherapy can reduce the level of CD40. The increasing of CD40 is an important factor for the poor prognosis of MM patients. CD40L level is not meaningful for MM treatment and prognosis.CD40/CD40L在MM患者中的表达及其对预后的意义.探讨CD40/CD40L在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者中的表达及其对预后的影响.选取2016年5月-2017年6月于沧州市人民医院接受治疗的MM患者30例，作为MM组，同期选取在本院体检的健康人30例为正常组，采用流式细胞术检测两组人员血清中化疗前后CD40/CD40L的水平，分析其与MM患者淋巴细胞群、病理分级及预后的相关性.MM组患者血清中CD40表达水平显著高于正常组（P0.05）；MM组患者血清中CD40L表达水平与正常组比较无统计学意义（P0.05）；MM组患者化疗前后的CD40、CD40L水平比较无统计学差异（P0.05）；Ts细胞及NK细胞水平在MM组患者中的表达低于正常组（P0.05），总B淋巴细胞、Th细胞、Th/Ts占比两组比较无统计学意义（P0.05）；CD40水平与MM组患者血清总B淋巴细胞水平存在相关性（r=0.877，P=0.005），CD40L与MM患者血清中Th细胞存在相关性（r=-0.783，P=0.035）；III-IV期MM患者血清CD40表达高于I-II期MM患者，不同时期MM组患者血清CD40L水平比较无统计学意义（P0.05）；CD40高表达MM患者生存率低于CD40低表达的MM患者（χMM血清中CD40水平升高与患者病理分级有关，接受化疗能够降低CD40水平，CD40升高是MM患者预后较差的重要因素，CD40L水平与MM治疗及预后无意义.

The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) is considered to be a stem cell marker in many normal tissues and promotes tissue development, regeneration, and repair. LGR6 is also related to the initiation and progression of some malignant tumors. However, the role of LGR6 in cervical cancer has not been reported. Here, immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that LGR6 was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, compared with the normal cervix. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas database, LGR6 was found to be correlated with a poor prognosis of cervical cancer. Then, a small population of LGR6high cells isolated by using the fluorescence-activated cell sorting exhibited enhanced properties of cancer stem cells including self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed that LGR6 was correlated with the Wnt signaling pathway and TOP/FOP, reverse transcription-PCR, and western blotting further proved that LGR6 could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Interestingly, LGR6 upregulated the expression of TCF7L2 by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Then, TCF7L2 combining with β-catenin in the nucleus enhanced LGR6 transcription by binding the promoter of LGR6, which further activated the Wnt signaling to form a positive feedback loop. Thus, our study demonstrated that LGR6 activated a novel β-catenin/TCF7L2/LGR6-positive feedback loop in LGR6high cervical cancer stem cells (CSCs), which provided a new therapeutic strategy for targeting cervical CSCs to improve the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.

Mytilopsis sallei, an invasive alien species, has strong reproductive ability and high adaptability. It can severely endanger biodiversity of intertidal ecosystem after invasion. The intertidal zones and oyster breeding areas in some coastal areas of Guangdong Province have been severely invaded by M. sallei. To examine the potential habitat of M. sallei in China, we established a potential habitat prediction model of M. sallei using Maxent and ArcGIS method for China and global scales. The model was verified by the method of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and field investigation. The results showed that M. sallei could distribute with high probabili-ty in the area between North and South America, South India in Asia, Sri Lanka, the south coast of the Yangtze River in China, and in Van Dimen Bay of the southern hemisphere. In China, M. sallei mainly distributed in coastal provinces south of Shanghai. The main environmental factors affecting the suitable distribution areas for M. sallei were water vapor pressure, temperature, and solar radiation. After ROC detection, the AUC values of both the training and testing sets were 0.996, indicating that the prediction reached an excellent level. Our results provide theoretical basis for the risk assessment and management of M. sallei, and complement the potential habitat prediction of invasive species in China.外来入侵物种沙筛贝适应能力强、繁殖率高,一旦入侵,将严重危害潮间带生物多样性。我国广东省部分沿海地区的潮间带和牡蛎增养殖区已被沙筛贝入侵,且污损情况较严重。为了了解沙筛贝目前在我国的潜在生境情况,本研究选用最大熵模型(Maxent)和地理信息系统相结合,建立了沙筛贝在我国和全球的潜在生境预测模型,并利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)和实地调查对结果进行验证。结果表明: 沙筛贝全球存在概率较高的地区分布于北美洲与南美洲之间、印度南部、斯里兰卡和我国长江以南沿海以及南半球的澳大利亚范迪门湾;沙筛贝在我国的适生区域主要分布在上海以南沿海省份。影响沙筛贝适生区域分布的主要环境变量包括水汽压、温度和太阳辐射,经ROC检测后训练集AUC值为0.996,预测结果达到优秀水平。研究结果可为沙筛贝入侵风险评估和治理提供理论依据, 补充我国外来入侵物种的潜在生境预测工作。.

Four butyrolactones were isolated from the Aspergillus sp. Their structures were identified as 8′′-hydroxy-9′′-en-butyrolactone I (1), butyrolactone VII (2), 3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxycarbonyl-5-(4-hydroxy-3-formylbenzyl)-2,5-dihydro-2-furanone (3), and butyrolactone III (4). Compound 1 is a new butyrolactone and its absolute configuration was determined via the Rh2(OCOCF3)4 method.

The effects of the fluorinated monomer with an ethynyl group on the electro-optical properties of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (PSBPLCs) were investigated in different polymer systems. In rigid polymer systems, the Kerr constant can be increased by about 27.6%, while keeping a microsecond response time. In soft polymer systems, hysteresis decreased by about 45.5% and residual birefringence can be reduced from 1.85% to 0.6%. The above phenomena exhibited dual functions of affecting the anchoring energy and the viscosity of the system simultaneously. The results provide a potential value for the ethynyl-containing monomers in PSBPLC systems.

A new sesquiterpene lactone glycoside (1) and a new quinic acid methyl ester (2) were isolated from Patrinia villosa, together with another two known compounds chlorogenic acid n-butyl ester (3), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (4). Their structures were established using 1D/2D-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and comparing with spectroscopic data reported in the literature.

Ticks are the vectors of various pathogens, threatening human health and animal production across the globe. Here, for the first time we detected Ricketssia spp., Borrelia spp. and protozoan in ticks from Poyang Lake region in Ji- angxi Province of eastern China. In 3 habitat categories and on 12 host species, 311 ticks from 11 species were collected. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the predominant species, accounting for 55.63%, followed by Rhipicephalus microplus, Haemaphysalis flava and Ixodes granulatus. Of the collected ticks, 7.07% were positive for tick-borne pathogens, and H. longicornis and H. flava were found to be co-infected with Ricketssia spp. and protozoan. H. flava was the most detected positive for tick-borne pathogens, whereas H. longicornis had the lowest infection rate, and the difference in infection rates between tick species was significant (χ2=61.24, Plt;0.001). Furthermore, adult ticks demonstrated remarkably greater infection rate than immature ticks (χ2=10.12, P=0.018), meanwhile ticks on Erinaceidae showed significantly higher positivity than ticks collected on other host species (χ2=108.44, Plt;0.001). Genetic fragment sequencing and analyses showed at least 4 pathogen species presence in ticks, namely Borrelia yangtzensis, Rickettsia slovaca or Rickettsia raoultii related genospecies, Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis or Hepatozoon felis related genospecies. The finding indicates that the abundant ticks can carry diverse pathogens in Poyang Lake region, and pathogen infection is highly related to species, vertebrate hosts and life stages of ticks.

This study aims to study the effect of the improved partial denture treatment in the rehabilitation of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).Twenty middle-aged and old patients suffering from osteoarthrosis were treated with the improved partial denture treatment. These patients were followed up during the partial denture treatment and after the rehabilitation. Both the clinical symptoms and Fricton's craniomandibular index were used to evaluate the clinical effects. Data were analyzed using SPSS17.0.The effective rate reached 100% when the patients wore partial dentures for 1 month. All of the 20 patients were comfortable with temporomandibular joint, and they expressed ultimate satisfaction with the denture. The Fricton indexes of 20 patients decreased significantly after the treatment (P0.05).Partial denture treatment is an ideal method in rehabilitation for patients with TMD (osteoarthrosis) and dentition defect.目的 探讨改良型治疗性义齿在颞下颌关节紊乱综合征患者咬合重建中的应用。方法 使用改良型治疗性义齿对20例牙列缺损伴有颞下颌关节区器质性病变的患者进行咬合重建，分别在使用治疗性义齿期间及更换最终修复体后调查患者的主观感觉，检查临床症状，并采用Friction颞下颌关节紊乱指数（CMI）进行评估，采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 患者佩戴治疗性义齿1个月后，关节区症状缓解有效率达到100%；佩戴最终修复体后，关节区舒适性以及修复体使用方面均能达到满意的疗效；CMI较治疗前明显下降（P0.05）。结论 对于牙列缺损伴有颞下颌关节紊乱综合征（骨关节病）的患者，改良型治疗性义齿在咬合重建过程中可获得理想的疗效。.

Understanding the interaction between biomaterials and the immune system has become increasingly important. Mineralized collagen (MC) has the same chemical components and microstructures to natural bone tissue, and is considered as a better biomaterial for bone prostheses compared to hydroxyapatite (HA). However, there is little information about how MC affects inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigate the inflammatory responses to MC and HA by culturing RAW264.7 cells on their surfaces. We observed that MC increases CD206+ staining and IL-10 (M2 macrophages), whereas HA shows cells expressing more CD86 and secreting more TNF-α. This result indicates that MC may attenuate inflammatory responses to implanted bone prostheses.

Bemisia tabaci Gennadius biotypes B and Q are two of the most important worldwide agricultural insect pests. Genomic sequences of Type-2 B. tabaci chemosensory protein (BtabCSP2) were cloned and sequenced in B and Q biotypes, revealing key biotype-specific variations in the intron sequence. A Q260 sequence was found specifically in Q-BtabCSP2 and Cucumis melo LN692399, suggesting ancestral horizontal transfer of gene between the insect and the plant through bacteria. A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) method was then developed to differentiate B and Q based on the sequence variation in exon of BtabCSP2 gene. The performances of CSP2-based CAPS for whitefly recognition were assessed using B. tabaci field collections from Shandong Province (P.R. China). Our SacII based CAPS method led to the same result compared to mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-based CAPS method in the field collections. We therefore propose an explanation for CSP origin and a new rapid simple molecular method based on genomic DNA and chemosensory gene to differentiate accurately the B and Q whiteflies of the Bemisia complex around the world.

The enthalpy relaxation of glassy d-sorbitol was analyzed in terms of the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan model using differential scanning calorimetry. Both the classic and annealing cycles were carried out to obtain the experimental heat capacity data. Both the single- and multi-curve fittings were performed to get the model parameters. A series of initial values of apparent activation energy were tested, with the aim to minimize the average square deviations in fittings. The parameter sets found by single-curve fitting differ from each other, so they should not be taken as the model constants. The multi-curve fitting seems to be more reliable for the model parameters extraction.

We conducted on a questionnaire survey for the current college students’ civic awareness from four aspects of equality consciousness, national consciousness, freedom consciousness and public consciousness. Survey data was analyzed with the SAS® statistical software, the results shown that some of our country’s College Students with a strong national consciousness, and their patriotic feeling is deep at present. They identity the consciousness of equality, but their awareness of fighting for rights is not strong. They have a sense of freedom, but some students are not clear about the relationship between freedom and law. Their enthusiasm to participate in public affairs is not high. Their awareness of social morality is not comprehensive. The reason is that the influence of traditional culture and the political development can’t keep up with the development of economy and the systematic citizenship education is lacked. Finally, we put forward a method of improve the civic awareness of Contemporary College Students in this paper.

Liposomes containing phosphatidylserine (PSL) produce PGE2 after being phagocytosed by microglia, but the precise underlying mechanism behind it still remains unclear. Here, we showed that liposomes consisting of phosphatidylserine and lysophosphatidylcholine, a lipolysis product of phosphatidylcholine by PLA2, were phagocytosed by microglia, but failed to induce secretion of PGE2. Furthermore, PSL-induced PGE2 secretion was significantly inhibited by MJ33, an aiPLA2 inhibitor, but not by AACOCF3, a cPLA2 inhibitor. PSL also produced PGD2 and 15d-PGJ2 in microglia. We thus hypothesize that free arachidonic acid is supplied through aiPLA2-mediated lipolysis of phagocytosed phosphatidylcholine, leading to the production of PGH2 and its downstream metabolites.

To evaluate the effect of PDCA teaching mode on clinical ability in the process of periodontal clinical internship.Forty-eight undergraduate interns coming from School of Stomatology, China Medical University were divided into 2 groups, one group received traditional teaching mode, the other group received a teaching mode based on PDCA cycle. At the end of internship, every student was assessed by theoretical examinations, case reports and clinical skill practice. χIn clinical skill examination, 17 students in PDCA teaching mode group got "excellent" grade , 8 students got "good" grade, none student got "passed" grade; in traditional teaching mode group, 7 students got "excellent" grade, 16 students got "good" grade, 1 student got "passed" grade. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P0.05). In the theoretical examinations and case reports, 16 students in PDCA teaching mode group got "excellent" grade, 8 students got "good" grade, none student got "passed" grade; in traditional teaching mode group, 12 students got "excellent" grade, 9 students got "good" grade, and 3 students got "passed" grade. The difference between the two groups wasn't statistically significant (P0.05).PDCA teaching will train each student in a personalized mode, which is beneficial to finding defects existed in clinical practice and reinforcing the ability of communication and clinical practice.

Picosecond or subpicosecond electrical pulses can be generated from femtosecond laser excited photoconductive switches, and this technique is an effective method to characterize the rise time of the broadband oscilloscopes recently. In this paper, low temperature grown GaAs (LT-GaAs) is used as the substrate of the photoconductive switch which is excited by the femtosecond laser. After propagating along a coplanar waveguide, the generated terahertz pulses are transferred to a 1.85 mm coaxial cable through a microwave probe. The pulse width is measured in a 70 GHz sampling oscilloscope, the FWHM value is about 7.4 ps.

Two new compounds, 1-deoxy-1-[2'-oxo-1'-pyrrolidinyl]-2-n-butyl-α-fructofuranoside and isoarvenin III, were isolated from the fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, and their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods.

In this study, 701 weak base epoxy anion-exchange resin was used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove Cr(V) from the light polluted water. To optimize its usage, the influences of pH, contact time, resin dosage and coexisting ions were investigated. Adsorption process was found to be highly pH dependent. The optimum pH range for adsorption of Cr(VI) was found to be between 6 and 8. The necessary time to reach adsorption equilibrium is about 20min. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were applicable to the adsorption process and their constants were evaluated. It was found that the Langmuir model yields a much better fit to the data compared with that of the Freundlich model.

This paper presents a study of the removal of trace Cd2+ from light-polluted water by using weak base epoxy anion-exchange resin as adsorbent. A series of experiments was conducted to examine the effects of resin dosage, contacting time and coexisting ions. In the present research, it was found that Cd2+ can be effectively removed from light-polluted water with high concentrations of alkaline and alkaline earth metals by weak base epoxy anion-exchange resin. The adsorption isotherm can be well described by Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption processes followed the first-order rate kinetics.

The purpose of this study was to investigate preparation, characterization and tumor-targeted effect of pH-sensitive niosomes, composed of a nonionic surfactant mixed with cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHEMS), a derivative of cholesterol (CHOL), as a pH-sensitive molecule. CHEMS was synthesized with CHOL and succinic acid, the structure of which was analyzed by Mass spectrometry (MS) and ¹H Nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectrum. Niosomes were prepared via film hydration-probe ultrasound method. Both normal niosomes and pH-sensitive niosomes showed spherical morphology under transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a average particle sizes of 172 ± 6.2 nm and 153 ± 4.7 nm, respectively. The thermotropic behavior, structure changes and interaction of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) with other materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the disappearance of the melting peak of drug revealed the fact that drug was encapsulated in niosomes. Bulk-equilibrium reverse-dialysis method was chosen to investigate the behavior of drug release from normal niosomes and pH-sensitive niosomes in different pH medium, and the results showed that the noisome containing CHEMS had a pH-sensitive property. Tumor-targeted effect was proved by the fact that pH-sensitive niosomes showed a remarkable high concentration in tumor site of the mice transplanted with tumor cell.

To obtain overlay network traffic and delay information between two hosts is important for network management, monitoring, design, planning and assessment. Traffic matrix and delay matrix represent the traffic and delay information between two hosts, so introduce the concept of the overlay network traffic matrix and delay matrix. Compressive sensing theory restores traffic matrix and delay matrix but is not suitable for overlay network. This paper improves compressive sensing algorithm to make it more applicable to overlay network traffic matrix and delay matrix restoration. After calculating the traffic matrix and delay matrix this paper quantifies overlay network congestion, which reflect the current network security situation. The experimental results show the restoration effect of traffic matrix and delay matrix is well and the congestion degree reflects the actual network state.

This paper investigates the comprehensive assessment of water quality, which is generally a multi-attribute assessment problem. In this context, the grey relational analysis is adopted to settle the no uniformity problem of water quality attributes. The principal component analysis is applied to calculate the weighting values corresponding to various attributes of water quality so that their relative importance can be properly and objectively described. Results of study reveal that grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis can effectively solve the multi-attribute water quality assessment. The method is universal and can be a useful tool to improve the comprehensive assessment of water quality.

In this paper, an attempt has been made to apply an efficient technique, in order to solve the uncertainty of multi-objective optimization, in the field of sewage treatment plant. The traditional grey relational analysis has been extended to deal with the multi-objective optimization problems. The difficulty of traditional grey relational analysis exists in calculation of the multiple indicators and ignorance of the relationship among evaluating indicators. But there is no specific guideline for assigning these indicator weights. In this context, the present study aims to apply the entropy measurement technique in order to determine the weights of evaluating indicators, which avoids the subjectivity in the process of estimating the weights. The proposed method involves four steps, including 1) original data processing, 2) grey relational coefficients calculation, 3) indicator weight calculation, and 4) grey relation grade calculations. The previously mentioned method has been applied to optimize schemes of a sewage treatment plant. The paper demonstrates a detailed methodology of the proposed technique as well as its effectiveness and applicability.

MnO2-loaded D301 weak basic anion exchange resin has been used as adsorbent to simultaneously remove lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution. The effects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH and the coexistent ions on the adsorption were investigated. Experimental results showed that with the adsorbent dosage more than 0.6 g/L, both Pb2+ and Cd2+ were simultaneously removed at pH range 5-6. Except for HPO4(2-), the high concentration coexistent ions such as Na+, K+, Cl-, NO3-, SO4(2-) and HCO3-, showed no significant effect on the removal efficiency of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ under the experimental conditions. The coexistence of Mg2+, Ca2+ caused the reduction of Cd2+ removal, but not for Pb2+. The adsorption equilibrium for Pb2+ and Cd2+ could be excellently described by the Langmuir isotherm model with R2 > 0.99. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 80.64 mg/g for Pb2+ and 21.45 mg/g for Cd2+. The adsorption processes followed the pseudo first-order kinetics model. MnO2-loaded D301 resin has been shown to have a potential to be used as an effective adsorbent for simultaneous removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution.

With respect to thermal barrier coating, the analysis of interface cohesion and residual stress is important to the life of TBC from mechanical view point. Up to now, there is not a model of describing interface cohesion. In the paper, we give a simple model of computing residual stress and study the residual stress of TBC with ANSYS. The distribution of the residual stress in different interface topography and the relationship between the residual stress and the interface topography dimension are presented.

The increasing overlap of core and colony populations during the anaphase of evolution may limit the performance of shifting balance genetic algorithms. To decrease such overlapping, so as to increase the local search capability of the core population, the sub-space method was used to generate uniformly distributed initial colony populations over the decision variable space. The core population was also dynamically divided, making simultaneous searching in several local spaces possible. The algorithm proposed in this paper was compared to the original one by searching for the optimum of a complicated multi-modal function. The results indicate that the solutions obtained by the modified algorithm are better than those of the original algorithm.

On the basis of gas chromatography (GC) coupled with a short capillary column and an electron capture detector (ECD), a simple and rapid method for the determination of five haloacetic acids(HAAs) in drinking water was developed by the optimization of derivation conditions and the modification of gas chromatographic program. HAAs formation potential (HAAFP) of the reaction of humic acid with chlorine was determined via this method. The major advantages of the method are the simplicity of chromatographic temperature program and the short run time of GC. Dichloroacetic acid(DCAA) and Trichloroacetic acid(TCAA), which were detected in the determination of HAAFP, were rapidly formed in the first 72 h of the reaction of humic acid with chlorine. HAAFP of the reaction of humic acid with chlorine increased with the increase in the concentrations of humic acid and chlorine. The average HAAFP of the reaction of humic acid with chlorine was 39.9 μg/mg TOC under the experimental conditions. When the concentration of humic acid was 4 mg/L, the concentration of HAAs, which were produced in the reaction of humic acid with chorine, may exceed MCL of 60 μg/L HAAs as the water quality standards for urban water supply of China and the first stage of US EPA disinfection/disinfection by-products (D/DBP) rule; when the concentration of humic acid was 2 mg/L, the concentration of HAAs may exceed MCL of 30 μg/L HAAs for the second stage of US EPA D/DBP rule. When humic acid was reacted with chlorine dioxide, only DCAA was detected with a maximum concentration of 3.3 μg/L at a humic acid content of 6 mg/L. It was demonstrated that the substitution of chlorine dioxide for chorine may entirely or partly control the formation of HAAs and effectively reduce the health risk associated with disinfected drinking water.

BACKGROUND/AIMS A large number of studies have shown that function constipation (FC) has an extremely high incidence of mental and psychological disorders. Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) was applied to the treatment of psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression. We explored the effects of CES combined with biofeedback therapy (BFT) on the psychological state, clinical symptoms, and anorectal function in patients with FC. METHODS A total of 74 patients with FC were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group received BFT. CES combined with BFT was carried out in the experiment group. All patients were assessed using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and Wexner constipation score at baseline and the end of each course. Anorectal manometry and balloon expulsion tests were performed before and after treatment. RESULTS After treatment, the participants in the experiment group had significantly lower score SAS, SDS, and Wexner constipation scores than the control group (all P < 0.05). The number of successful expulsion in the experiment group was larger than the control group (P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS CES combined with BFT was effective in improving the psychological status of anxiety, depression, and bowel symptoms in patients with FC.

Improved knowledge of the sorghum transcriptome will enhance basic understanding of how plants respond to stresses and serve as a source of genes of value to agriculture. Toward this goal, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cDNA libraries were prepared from light- and dark-grown seedlings, drought-stressed plants, Colletotrichum-infected seedlings and plants, ovaries, embryos, and immature panicles. Other libraries were prepared with meristems from Sorghum propinquum (Kunth) Hitchc. that had been photoperiodically induced to flower, and with rhizomes from S. propinquum and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense L. Pers.). A total of 117,682 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained representing both 3′ and 5′ sequences from about half that number of cDNA clones. A total of 16,801 unique transcripts, representing tentative UniScripts (TUs), were identified from 55,783 3′ ESTs. Of these TUs, 9,032 are represented by two or more ESTs. Collectively, these libraries were predicted to contain a total of approximately 31,000 TUs. Individual libraries, however, were predicted to contain no more than about 6,000 to 9,000, with the exception of light-grown seedlings, which yielded an estimate of close to 13,000. In addition, each library exhibits about the same level of complexity with respect to both the number of TUs preferentially expressed in that library and the frequency with which two or more ESTs is found in only that library. These results indicate that the sorghum genome is expressed in highly selective fashion in the individual organs and in response to the environmental conditions surveyed here. Close to 2,000 differentially expressed TUs were identified among the cDNA libraries examined, of which 775 were differentially expressed at a confidence level of 98%. From these 775 TUs, signature genes were identified defining drought, Colletotrichum infection, skotomorphogenesis (etiolation), ovary, immature panicle, and embryo.

Five indole alkaloids and two phenylethylamine derivatives were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of the marine bacterium Pantoea agglomerans P20-14. Their structures were identified as N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetamide (1), 3-(p-hydroxy)benzoyl indole (2), 1,2-di(1H-indol-3-yl)ethane (3), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (4), 2-hydroxy-1-(1H-indol-3-y1)ethanone (5), N-acetyltyramine (6), and 2-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-N-phenylacetamide (7). Compound 1 is a new indole alkaloid and compounds 2 and 3 are new natural products.The structures of the seven compounds were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods. The spectroscopic data of compound 2 is provided for the first time.

Spontaneous emission can create coherence in a ladder-type three-level atom with equispaced levels, subject to the condition that the atomic dipole moments are nonorthogonal. We study the effects of this kind of coherence on the steady-state population inversion in the atomic system. We show that the population inversion can be greatly enhanced on one of the optical transitions due to the spontaneous emission-induced coherence. Furthermore, we find, within suitable parameters regions, that such coherence can also lead to unexpected population inversion on both of the optical transitions.

The quantum correlation of light and atomic collective excitation can be used to compose an SU(1,1)-type hybrid light-atom interferometer, where one arm in optical SU(1,1) interferometer is replaced by the atomic collective excitation. The phase-sensing probes include not only the photon field but also the atomic collective excitation inside the interferometer. For a coherent squeezed state as the phase-sensing field, the phase sensitivity can approach the Heisenberg limit under the optimal conditions. We also study the effects of the loss of light field and the dephasing of atomic excitation on the phase sensitivity. Since nonlinear processes are involved in this interferometer, they can couple a variety of different waves and form new types of hybrid interferometers, which provides a new method for basic measurement using the hybrid interferometers., Comment: 6 pages

Calcium cyanamide (CC) has been extensively reported as a plant growth regulator and N-resource fertilizer. CC phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity have also been showed on organisms such as microorganisms, schistosomes, mollusks, mammals and plants. But to date, little is known about its bioactivity against filth flies. In this study, housefly maggots, Musca domestica (L.), were used to measure biological activity of CC. Laboratory bioassays showed that CC (at a dosage of approximately 2 % (W/W)) resulted in average mortality rate of 37.67 % on day 1 and 100 % on day 2, compared with the average mortality rate of 34.51 % on day 1, 89.80 % on day 2 and 100 % on day 3 at dosage approximately 1 % (W/W). This outcome demonstrated that the application of CC could be used as a part of the filth fly-integrated management. In the relationship between CC concentrations and pH value evaluation, the performance of CC and non-CC larval rearing medium differed within pH. The positive relationship of concentration of CC dissolved in water with pH was supported by the formula y = 43.33x + 6.61 (R 2 = 0.95, p < 0.01). The results showed that housefly maggots’ death had a positive relationship with the pH of larval rearing medium.