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935 results on '"Hirano, Toshio"'

8. Mast cells play role in wound healing through the ZnT2/GPR39/IL-6 axis

Author

Nishida, Keigo, Hasegawa, Aiko, Yamasaki, Satoru, Uchida, Ryota, Ohashi, Wakana, Kurashima, Yosuke, Kunisawa, Jun, Kimura, Shunsuke, Iwanaga, Toshihiko, Watarai, Hiroshi, Hase, Koji, Ogura, Hideki, Nakayama, Manabu, Kashiwakura, Jun-ichi, Okayama, Yoshimichi, Kubo, Masato, Ohara, Osamu, Kiyono, Hiroshi, Koseki, Haruhiko, Murakami, Masaaki, and Hirano, Toshio

Published
2019
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14. Disease-Association Analysis of an Inflammation-Related Feedback Loop

Author

Murakami, Masaaki, Harada, Masaya, Kamimura, Daisuke, Ogura, Hideki, Okuyama, Yuko, Kumai, Noriko, Okuyama, Azusa, Singh, Rajeev, Jiang, Jing-Jing, Atsumi, Toru, Shiraya, Sayaka, Nakatsuji, Yuji, Kinoshita, Makoto, Kohsaka, Hitoshi, Nishida, Makoto, Sakoda, Saburo, Miyasaka, Nobuyuki, Yamaguchi-Takihara, Keiko, and Hirano, Toshio

Published
2013
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20. Pleiotropy and Specificity: Insights from the Interleukin 6 Family of Cytokines

Author

Murakami, Masaaki, Kamimura, Daisuke, Hirano, Toshio, and Toshio, Hirano

Abstract

Since the molecular cloning of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in 1986, many other cytokines have been found to share the same signal transducer, gp130, in their receptor complexes. Thus, the IL-6 family of cytokines now consists of ten members. Although some of the family members' functions are redundant as a result of the expression of gp130, there are also functional distinctions between members. The mechanisms that determine functional redundancies and distinctions are not completely understood. Yet, research has clarified the role of IL-6 family cytokines in autoimmune diseases and has led to effective therapies that target them. Here, we review the IL-6 family of cytokines in autoimmune diseases, with a particular focus on the prototypical member IL-6, from the viewpoints of their structure, signaling, and biological features and discuss possible mechanisms of their functional pleiotropy.

Published
2020

28. IgG1 Plasmacytosis in Interleukin 6 Transgenic Mice

Author

Suematsu, Sachiko, Matsuda, Tadashi, Aozasa, Katsuyuki, Akira, Shizuo, Nakano, Naoko, Ohno, Shinsuke, Miyazaki, Jun-ichi, Yamamura, Ken-ichi, Hirano, Toshio, and Kishimoto, Tadamitsu

Published
1989

31. The diabetes-susceptible gene SLC30A8/ZnT8 regulates hepatic insulin clearance

Author

Tamaki, Motoyuki, Fujitani, Yoshio, Hara, Akemi, Uchida, Toyoyoshi, Tamura, Yoshifumi, Takeno, Kageumi, Kawaguchi, Minako, Watanabe, Takahiro, Ogihara, Takeshi, Fukunaka, Ayako, Shimizu, Tomoaki, Mita, Tomoya, Kanazawa, Akio, Imaizumi, Mica O., Abe, Takaya, Kiyonari, Hiroshi, Hojyo, Shintaro, Fukada, Toshiyuki, Kawauchi, Takeshi, Nagamatsu, Shinya, Hirano, Toshio, Kawamori, Ryuzo, and Watada, Hirotaka

Subjects
Genomics -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Insulin -- Physiological aspects, Type 2 diabetes -- Genetic aspects -- Risk factors, Health care industry
Abstract

Recent genome-wide association studies demonstrated that common variants of solute carrier family 30 member 8 gene (SLC30A8) increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. SLC30A8 encodes zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8), which delivers [...]

Published
2013
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36. Interleukin 6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer

Author

Hirano, Toshio

Subjects
Inflammation, STAT3 Transcription Factor, IL-6 amplifier, Interleukin-6, AcademicSubjects/MED00730, COVID-19, Autoimmunity, Review, local initiation model, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, STAT3, cytokine storm of COVID-19, NF-B, Neoplasms, Animals, Humans
Abstract

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute inflammation during the immune response and wound healing is a well-controlled response, whereas chronic inflammation and the cytokine storm are uncontrolled inflammatory responses. Non-immune cells and immune cells, cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) play central roles in inflammation. Synergistic interactions between NF-κB and STAT3 induce the hyper-activation of NF-κB followed by the production of various inflammatory cytokines. Because IL-6 is a NF-κB target, simultaneous activation of NF-κB and STAT3 in non-immune cells triggers a positive feedback loop of NF-κB activation by the IL-6–STAT3 axis. This positive feedback loop is called the IL-6 amplifier (IL-6 Amp) and is a key player in the local initiation model, which states that local initiators, such as senescence, obesity, stressors, infection, injury and smoking, trigger diseases by promoting interactions between non-immune cells and immune cells. This model counters dogma that holds that autoimmunity and oncogenesis are triggered by the breakdown of tissue-specific immune tolerance and oncogenic mutations, respectively. The IL-6 Amp is activated by a variety of local initiators, demonstrating that the IL-6–STAT3 axis is a critical target for treating diseases.

Published
2020

37. COVID-19: A New Virus, but a Familiar Receptor and Cytokine Release Syndrome

Author

Hirano, Toshio, Murakami, Masaaki, and Toshio, Hirano

Abstract

Zhou etal. (Nature) and Hoffmann etal. (Cell) identify ACE2 as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, and the lattershow its entry mechanism depends on cellular serine protease TMPRSS2. These results may explain proinflammatory cytokine release via the associated angiotestin II pathway and a possible therapeutic target via the IL-6-STAT3 axis.

Published
2020

39. Gab family proteins are essential for postnatal maintenance of cardiac function via neuregulin-1/ErbB signaling

Author

Nakaoka, Yoshikazu, Nishida, Keigo, Narimatsu, Masahiro, Kamiya, Atsunori, Minami, Takashi, Sawa, Hirofumi, Okawa, Katsuya, Fujio, Yasushi, Koyama, Tatsuya, Maeda, Makiko, Sone, Manami, Yamasaki, Satoru, Arai, Yuji, Koh, Gou Young, Kodama, Tatsuhiko, Hirota, Hisao, Otsu, Kinya, Hirano, Toshio, and Mochizuki, Naoki

Subjects
Cytokine receptors -- Research, Heart -- Research, Oncogenes -- Research, Proteins -- Research, Erythrocytes -- Research
Abstract

Grb2-associated binder (Gab) family of scaffolding adaptor proteins coordinate signaling cascades downstream of growth factor and cytokine receptors. In the heart, among EGF family members, neuregulin-1[beta] (NRG-1[beta], a paracrine factor [...]

Published
2007

40. Homeostatically proliferating CD[4.sup.+] T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of an Omenn syndrome murine model

Author

Khiong, Khie, Murakami, Masaaki, Kitabayashi, Chika, Ueda, Naoko, Sawa, Shin-ichiro, Sakamoto, Akemi, Kotzin, Brian L., Rozzo, Stephen J., Ishihara, Katsuhiko, Verella-Garcia, Marileila, Kappler, John, Marrack, Philippa, and Hirano, Toshio

Subjects
Gene mutations -- Complications and side effects, Gene mutations -- Research, Immunological deficiency syndromes -- Risk factors, Immunological deficiency syndromes -- Diagnosis, Immunological deficiency syndromes -- Care and treatment, Immunological deficiency syndromes -- Genetic aspects, Immunological deficiency syndromes -- Research, T cells -- Health aspects, T cells -- Research
Abstract

Patients with Omenn syndrome (OS) have hypomorphic RAG mutations and develop varying manifestations of severe combined immunodeficiency. It is not known which symptoms are caused directly by the RAG mutations [...]

Published
2007

43. Erratum

Author

Sehgal, Pravin B., Levy, David E., Hirano, Toshio, Sehgal, Pravin B., editor, Levy, David E., editor, and Hirano, Toshio, editor

Published
2003
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44. An experimental study of static and dynamic characteristics of a 580 mm (22.8 in.) diameter direct lubrication tilting pad journal bearing

Author

Ikeda, Kazunori, Hirano, Toshio, Yamashita, Tatsuo, Mikami, Makoto, and Sakakida, Hitoshi

Subjects
Vibration -- Analysis, Bearings (Machinery) -- Testing, Dynamics -- Analysis, Lubrication and lubricants -- Usage, Science and technology
Abstract

Direct lubrication tilting pad journal bearings (DLTPJ bearings) have rarely been applied to large-scale rotating machinery, such as turbines or generators, whose journal diameters are more than 500 mm. In this paper, static and dynamic characteristics of a 580 mm (22.8 in.) diameter DLTPJ bearing were studied experimentally using a full-scale bearing test rig. In the static test, distribution of metal temperature, oil film pressure, and bearing loss were measured in changing oil flow rate, with mean bearing pressure ranging up to 2.9 MPa. The maximum metal temperature of the DLTPJ bearing was compared to that of a conventional flood lubrication bearing, and it was confirmed that the direct lubrication could increase load capacity. In the dynamic test, spring and damping coefficients of oil film were obtained by exciting the bearing casing that was floated by air bellows. These data will be used for analysis and design of steam turbine rotors and their bearing systems. Also, vibration of pads was investigated because metal failure on upper pads due to vibration has been found in some actual machines. In order to generate oil film pressure on the surface of upper pads, a Rayleigh-step was machined there, and it was confirmed that vibration was reduced by the Rayleigh-step. [DOI: 10.1115/1.2114929] Keywords: direct lubrication, tilting pad journal bearing, static characteristics, dynamic characteristics, Rayleigh-step

Published
2006

45. Application of computational fluid dynamics analysis for rotating machinery--Part II: labyrinth seal analysis

Author

Hirano, Toshio, Guo, Zenglin, and Kirk, R. Gordon

Subjects
Fluid dynamics -- Analysis, Turbomachines -- Analysis, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

Labyrinth seals are used in various kinds of turbo machines to reduce internal leakage flow. The working fluid, or the gas passing through the rotor shaft labyrinth seals, often generates driving force components that may increase the unstable vibration of the rotor. It is important to know the accurate rotordynamic force components for predicting the instability of the rotor-bearing-seal system. The major goals of this research were to calculate the rotordynamic force of a labyrinth seals utilizing a commercial CFD program and to further compare those results to an existing bulk flow computer program currently used by major US machinery manufacturers. The labyrinth seals of a steam turbine and a compressor eye seal are taken as objects of analysis. For each case, a 3D model with eccentric rotor was solved to obtain the rotordynamic force components. The leakage flow and rotor dynamics force predicted by CFX TASCFlow are compared with the results of the existing bulk flow analysis program DYNLAB. The results show that the bulk flow program gives a pessimistic prediction of the destabilizing forces for the conditions under investigation. Further research work will be required to fully understand the complex leakage flows in turbo machinery. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1808426]

Published
2005

46. Application of CFD analysis for rotating machinery--Part I: hydrodynamic, hydrostatic bearings and squeeze film damper

Author

Guo, Zenglin, Hirano, Toshio, and Kirk, R. Gordon

Subjects
Gas-turbines -- Design and construction, Gas-turbines -- Testing, Gas-turbines -- Models, Aircraft engines -- Design and construction, Aircraft engines -- Testing, Aircraft engines -- Models, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

The traditional method for bearing and damper analysis usually involves a development of rather complicated numerical calculation programs that may just focus on a simplified and specific physical model. The application of the general CFD codes may make this analysis available and effective where complex flow geometries are involved or when more detailed solutions are needed. In this study, CFX-TASC flow is employed to simulate various fixed geometry fluid-film bearing and damper designs. Some of the capabilities in CFX-TASCflow are applied to simulate the pressure field and calculate the static and dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, and hybrid bearings as well as squeeze film dampers. The comparison between the CFD analysis and current computer programs used in industry has been made. The results show reasonable agreement in general. Some of the possible reasons for the differences are discussed. It leaves room for further investigation and improvement on the methods of computation. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1807415]

Published
2005

48. Zinc transporter LIVI controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition in zebrafish gastrula organizer

Author

Yamashita, Susumu, Miyagi, Chiemi, Fukada, Toshiyuki, Kagara, Naofumi, Che, Yong-Suk, and Hirano, Toshio

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Susumu Yamashita [1, 2, 4]; Chiemi Miyagi [2, 4]; Toshiyuki Fukada [2, 3]; Naofumi Kagara [2]; Yong-Suk Che [1]; Toshio Hirano (corresponding author) [1, 2, 3] Vertebrate gastrulation is [...]

Published
2004
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