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Fast recovery, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and room temperature (RT) sensing characteristics of NO gas sensors are essential for environmental monitoring, artificial intelligence, and inflammatory diagnosis of asthma patients. However, the conventional semiconductor-type gas sensors have poor sensing characteristics that need to be solved, such as slow recovery speeds (>360 s), low sensitivity (3.8), and high operating temperatures (>300 °C). We propose here a memristor-based NO gas sensor as a gasistor (gas sensor + memory resistor) with SnO2, Ta2O5, and HfO2 films, which successfully demonstrated the feasibility of fast reaction/recovery (

Background: Chemerin has been newly defined to be released from mature adipocytes and the chemerin concentrations in human serum augmented with obesity. There is a subclinical chronic low-grade inflammatory response where insulin resistance (IR) may develop. The aim of this study is to expound the prospective role of chemerin the in inflammation. Also, investigate relation between chemerin and serum lipid, glucose, body fat percentage, and metabolic parameters in obese and lean women with IR. Lymphocytes and neutrophils play a major role in inflammation and comprise the first line of defense against infection. The ratio of absolute neutrophil count to lymphocyte count, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), determined as is a novel inflammatory biomarker utilized as a prognostic factor in numerous diseases Methods: This study was designed to investigate serum chemerin, NLR, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in 50 obese women with IR and 50 lean healthy women. Results: Obese group had significant higher levels of serum chemerin, NLR, hsCRP levels and metabolic parameters than lean one. Chemerin also correlated positively with NLR inflammatory marker and body mass index (BMI). Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio was related to pro‐inflammatory Conclusion: The present study elucidates that chemerin levels are concomitant with obesity and IR and could play a role in the inflammation, having key aspects of metabolic syndrome.

Background Cardiac troponins (cTn), either conventional or high-sensitive (hscTn) assays, are often performed during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Objectives To compare factors affecting abnormal conventional cTn and hscTn. Methods We retrospectively studied data from AECOPD patients with conventional or hscTn performed at presentation. Binary logistic regression was used to identify predictors for abnormal conventional cTn (>0.5 ug/L) and hscTn (>40 ng/L). Results There were 466 patients in the conventional cTn and 313 patients in the hscTn groups. Ischaemic electrocardiographic change was the only significant predictor for abnormal conventional cTn (OR 6.662 [CI 1.233–35.990], p = 0.028) while B-type natriuretic peptide levels (Adj OR 1.004 [CI 1.000–1.006], p = 0.010) and SpO2/FiO2 ratio (Adj OR 0.115 [CI 0.017–0.069], p = 0.026) were significant predictors of abnormal hscTn. Conclusions Predictors of abnormal cTn differ between assays and should be taken into consideration when interpreting cTn during AECOPD.

A new model for the indirect estimation of reference limits (RLs) has been proposed recently and was coined TMC approach (truncated minimum chi-square estimation) which can be performed with R statistic. A spline function is applied to the RLs to get a continuous function if age is graphically presented vs. the RLs avoiding artificial “jumps” between different age groups. Most indirect models assume a power normal distribution and fail if this assumption is not fulfilled as e.g. if a relatively high percentage of measured values is below the detection limit and the data are distributed extremely skewed. This problem is handled by the TMC model. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs cTnT) was chosen as an example. The hs cTnT concentration in serum or plasma is well accepted as a valuable marker in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the 99th percentile derived from a “healthy” subpopulation is the decision limit recommended by consensus groups. However, this decision limit is questioned by several authors for many reasons. In the present report, the 97.5th and the 99th percentile limits were reinvestigated by the TMC model with different subpopulations stratified according to age and sex and were finally compared to presently recommended decision limits. In summary, the generally recommended 99th percentile as a fixed decision limit should be reconsidered. It is suggested to apply more specific reference limits stratified for age and sex instead of a fixed decision limit.

Diagnostic markers are important indicators for the assessment of the possible consequences of radiation exposure, which could lead to acute and chronic radiation toxicity. The goal of the study is to determine high-sensitive markers of blood redox status in relation to the dose of radiation. The mice were exposed to γ-irradiation (Cs137) at a total dose of 3, 5, and 7Gy. After 1, 2, 7, and 14 days of the irradiation, the blood samples were drawn under ether anesthesia from the inferior vena cava and the activity of antioxidant system (enzymatic -superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase) and non-enzymatic total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood serum was determined. The results of our investigation support the fact that the non-enzymatic antioxidant TAA plays an important role in the prevention of radiation damage during ionizing radiation exposure, which makes it possible to consider TAA as a promising candidate as the biomarker of radiation dose.

Mercury contamination is a significant public health and environmental problem; thus, detection of Hg2+ at sensitive levels is very important for environmental protection. In this study, we report ...

The mechanical characteristics of the unlocking force of the landing gear finger lock were studied in this paper, the influence of its diameter, fingertip angle, wear, and other factors on the unlocking force in one complete working cycle was analyzed, and the sensitive parameters that affect the unlocking force were obtained. Firstly, the unlocking force and wear of finger lock were calculated theoretically, and the changing rule of the unlocking force and wear with each parameter was obtained. Then, the validity of the correlation coefficient and model was verified by experiment. Finally, combined with the effective coefficient obtained from the experiment, the Archard wear model was used to simulate the change rule of lock force. The results show that in one complete working cycle, the inner surface diameter is negatively related to the unlocking force, fingertip diameter has little effect on the unlocking force, fingertip angle is negatively related to the unlocking force, and wear is positively related to the unlocking force; friction coefficient and fingertip angle are high sensitive parameters that affect the unlocking force, which have obvious effect on the unlocking force. The inner surface diameter, fingertip diameter of finger lock, and wear are the low sensitive parameters that affect the unlocking force, and the influence on the unlocking force is weak.

A quantitative trace elemental concentration was evaluated in various species of medicinal plants using EDXRF-spectrometer. It is non-destructive, multi-element, and high sensitive analytical technique. EX-3600 spectrometer was used for quantitative and quantitative determination of major, minor and trace elements in chosen medicinal plants and data analysis was carried out by nEXT software. Accuracy of the present results was checked by SRM values of NIST 1515Apple leaf. Thirteen elements like, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Br, Rb and Sr were determined and their concentrations were measured. From the present results it can be observed that, the elements P, S, Cl, K and Ca were found at higher level and remaining elements were found at lower level. The result of the present study shows good agreement with in the standard values of NIST 1515. The toxic or poisonous elements such as As, Pb, Co, V and Hg were not found in present selected medicinal plants. The elemental concentration of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se were found at appreciable level. These elements are essential in metabolism and required development, improvement and progressively significant for prevention and mitigate of different diseases including hepatitis and jaundice.

A facile fluorescent aptasensor based on polydopamine nanospheres (PDANSs) has been proposed for the rapid and high sensitive sensing of T-2 toxin. PDANSs are dopamine-derived synthetic eumelanin polymers with excellent fluorescence quenching ability, dispersibility and biocompatibility. In the assay, 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-labeled aptamers (FAM-aptamers) were adsorbed onto PDANSs via noncovalent bonding, resulting in quenching fluorescence. In the presence of T-2, the binding of T-2 to the aptamers could promote the formation of the A-form duplex hairpin structure, which was used as a sensing platform to detect T-2 on the basis of fluorescence recovery. The results showed that the aptasensor was rapid and sensitive for the detection of T-2 toxin with a linear detection range of 10-180 μg L-1 and a detection limit of 7.23 μg L-1. The performance of the proposed method was comparable with that of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method (LC-MS). Thus, the aptasensor could be used for the determination of real samples. The design method proposed in this study provides a strategy for the development of PDANS-based toxin biosensors.

In this study, an inexpensive simple method for the fabrication of efficient hydrogen (H2) gas sensor based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was presented. The CNTs were synthesized using microwave oven and deposited onto SiO2 substrate by a dielectrophoretic method. The as-grown CNTs showed an n-type behavior because CNTs possess the characters of both metallic and semiconductor when placed between the two electrodes, meanwhile, the current was directed mostly by metallic tubes. Upon exposure to H2 gas at room temperature, the CNTs exhibited high sensitivity up to 315% at 140 ppm H2, and relatively good sensitivity of 40% at a very low H2 gas concentration of 20 ppm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work involving the fabrication of CNTs for detecting a low H2 gas concentration of 20 ppm at RT with high sensitivity comparing with other previous studies.

Protein is a kind of basic substance that constitutes a life body. The determination of protein is very important for the research of biology, medicine, and other fields. Lysozyme is relatively small and simple in structure among all kinds of proteins, so it is often used as a standard target detector in the study of aptamer sensor for protein detection. In this paper, a lysozyme electrochemical sensor based on aptamer competition mechanism is proposed. We have successfully prepared a signal weakening electrochemical sensor based on the lysozyme aptamer competition mechanism. The carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified on the glassy carbon electrode, and the complementary aptamer DNA with amino group was connected to MWCNTs. Because of the complementary DNA of daunomycin into the electrode, the electrochemical signal is generated. When there is a target, the aptamer binds to lysozyme with higher binding power, and the original complementary chain breaks down, resulting in the loss of daunomycin inserted into the double chain and the weakening of electrochemical signal. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to determine lysozyme, the response range was 1–500 nM, the correlation coefficient was 0.9995, and the detection limit was 0.5 nM. In addition, the proposed sensor has good selectivity and anti-interference.

Nitric Oxide (NO) where produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme which are inhibited by C-reactive protein (CRP) which causes endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular events. In the current study, we evaluated the association of NO with hs-CRP in subjects with coronary heart disease. This Case-Control study was conducted 60 CHD patients and 60 healthy controls in age group of 30 to 55 years at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre on subjects attending the Cardiology and medicine OP. Blood samples were collected after overnight fasting for analysis of Lipid Profile, High sensitive C-reactive protein. Nitric Oxide and High sensitive C-reactive protein is measured by ELISA method and Lipid Profile is measured using Auto Analyzer AU480. Statistical analysis was done using Student ‘t’ test and Pearson correlation analysis used to the variable between two groups. The mean level of LDL-C (161.9±27.46) and hs-CRP (6.80±1.35) were significantly elevated in CHD subjects when compared to the normal healthy controls. And the mean level of Nitric Oxide (12.97±1.20) were decreased significantly in CHD group when compared to controls. Increased oxidative stress associated with low grade inflammation lead to diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide.

An amperometric nitrite sensor is fabricated using Fe2O3/MoS2 (FM) nanocomposites synthesized by solution mixing process. Structural properties of the nanocomposite are studied by XRD analysis. Mor...

A gas-mixture sensor based on local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) behavior in metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) periodic array is proposed. The comparisons of gas sensing performance between metal-dielectric (MD) and MDM structure are discussed for single-gas and gas-mixture separately. The influence of MDM structural parameters on the extinction spectrum and gas sensitivity are analyzed to obtain optimal parameters. By replacing the dielectric with suitable gas-sensitive films, the gas mixture of methane and hydrogen can be accurately measured without interfering with each other. The methane and hydrogen sensitivities can reach to −3.435nm /% and −0.72nm /%, respectively. The results also verify the feasibility of multi-channel gas detection and provide an effective method for gas component analysis.

Magnetoelastic resonant platforms are gaining attention in different sensing applications due mainly to their wireless detecting capacity. In that way, the improvement of the main parameters of those devices turns out to be essential in the development of advanced functional magnetoelastic resonators. In our attempt to improve such systems, we concluded that modified geometries of the resonant platforms can be a good alternative to achieve higher mass sensitivities. In this work, a novel high sensitive rhombus shaped magnetoelastic resonant platform design has been proposed. The obtained mass sensitivities have been both experimentally and theoretically compared with the classical rectangular sensors case. The results of these novel sensor geometry performance show an increase on the resonance frequency value by a factor of 1.53 with respect to the traditional rectangular one and, as a first consequence, an improvement of more than a 60 % in the mass sensitivity value. Besides, a multiple detection system based on a combination of both magnetoelastic platform geometries has been developed. The obtained results are very promising in the goal of achieving improved and novel multiple detection systems.

Introduction. L’hémodialyse permet aujourd’hui la survie de plus d’un million et demi de patients dans le monde, avec une qualité de vie de plus en plus acceptable. Le risque de mortalité est 20 fois plus élevé chez les patients en hémodialyse chronique par rapport à la population générale d’âge égal, incriminant les maladies cardiovasculaires comme premières causes de mortalité. Objectif. Étudier de la variation des marqueurs cardiaques TnThs et NTproBNP chez une population d’hémodialysée chronique et leurs rôles pronostiques dans la survenue la morbi-mortalité cardiovasculaire. Patients et méthodes. Il s’agit d’une étude de cohorte prospective observationnelle et longitudinale réalisée sur 145sujets urémiques chroniques asymptomatiques traités par hémodialyse suivi pendant 02 ans. Résultats. 93,8% des patients ont des taux de TnThs et 100% ont des taux de NTproBNP supérieurs aux valeurs de référence. La mortalité globale cumulée est de 11,7% (n=17) avec une moyenne de survie de 22,57 mois. L’analyse univariée retrouve une valeur pronostique pour la TnThs et NT-proBNP avec respectivement des HR brut de 4,99 et 5,008. Cependant, l’analyse multivariée ne retrouve pas ces marqueurs comme des facteurs prédictifs indépendant de mortalité. Conclusion. La TnThs et NT-proBNP sont de mauvais marqueurs pronostiques non indépendants de mortalité globale.

Modulating the active sites of oxygen vacancies (OVs) to enhance the catalytic properties of nanomaterials has attracted much research interest in various fields, but its intrinsic catalytic mechan...

In the current study, we observed 12 mothers with a 4-21-month-old infant for around 3 hours during their daily activities such as feeding, bathing, and soothing in the multiple-caregiver cultural contexts of rural Peru. Overall, sensitivity levels were high, with an average of 7.33 (out of 9), and seven of the twelve mothers scoring in the high range (scores 7-9), and the remaining five in the good-enough range (scores 5-6). A qualitative description of sensitive responsiveness is presented through representative examples. Notable patterns were flexibility in caregiving routines that allow for very child-centered maternal behavior; mothers' ability to multitask, combining household and agricultural work with high sensitive responsiveness to their infants' signals; the presence of multiple caregivers that ensured that the infants were well attended when mothers were temporarily unavailable; and what seems to be a culturally normative tendency to be sensitively responsive to very young children.

The point of this work was to assess the job of high-affectability troponin T (hsTnT) as an indicator of seriousness of constant stable angina (CSA) in type II diabetic patients. The examination was completed on 70 diabetic patients with likelihood of coronary vein infection and another 30 patients with ordinary coronary angiography will be incorporated as a benchmark group got ready for coronary angiography and (hsTnT) was estimated in all patients. There was solid factually huge positive connection in the middle of troponin level and (number of ailing vessels rs 0.639, number of sores rs 0.650 and SYNTAX score rs 0.970).The cutoff estimation of hs-cTnT acquired by the ROC bend investigation was 8.6 ng/L for the expectation of higher SYNTAX score. Concerning connection among troponin and various boundaries in cases gathering, there was a measurably noteworthy connection in the middle of troponin and (hypertension, smoking and SYNTAX score), anyway there was factually non huge connection in the middle of troponin and (sex, age and hostile to diabetic medications). In spite of low coursing convergences of hs-cTnT Serum level, it was freely connected with coronary vein malady seriousness. There is a measurably huge connection in the middle of hs-cTnT and (hypertension, smoking and SYNTAX score).

Aim: Isolated coronary artery ectasia (ICAE) is a rare form of coronary artery disease and has almost same mortality and morbidity rate to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Monocyte to HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR) has been entered the literature as a new inflammatory indicator in various cardiovascular disease. In this study we want to investigate relationship between inflammatory and oxidative markers that high sensitive C reactive protein (Hs-Crp), MHR and ICAE. Material and Methods: We retrospectively observed patients who underwent elective coronary angiography. Patients with ICAE and normal coronary arteries included in the study. MHR and Hs-Crp levels were observed just before the coronary angiography procedure. Results: A total of 98 patients (61, 62 % men) patients were included in this study and 28 (28.6%) of them had DM. 68 (69.3%) of patients had ICAE. MHR was significantly higher in patients with ICAE (0.0153 (0.007-0.130)ve 0.0111 (0.005-0.020), p< 0.001). Hs-Crp was also significantly higher in patients with ICAE (Yd-Crp: 6 (0.2-33)ve 1(0.2-14), p < 0.001). MHR was also significantly correlated with Hs-crp levels (r:0,338, p: 0.001). Additionally; DM, smoking, HT, MHR and Hs-crp were detected as independent risk factors of ICAE in logistic regression analysis. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for predicting CAE was 0.744 (p

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have come of age as preferred technologies for screening of genomic variants of pathologic and therapeutic potential. Because of their capability for high-throughput and massively parallel sequencing, they can screen for a variety of genomic changes in multiple samples simultaneously. This has made them platforms of choice for clinical testing of solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Consequently, they are increasingly replacing conventional technologies, such as Sanger sequencing and pyrosequencing, expression arrays, real-time PCR, and fluorescence in situ hybridization methods, for routine molecular testing of tumors. However, one limitation of routinely used NGS technologies is the inability to detect low-level genomic variants with high accuracy. This can be attributed to the frequent occurrence of low-level sequencing errors and artifacts in NGS workflow that need specialized approaches to be identified and eliminated. This review focuses on the origins and nature of these artifacts and recent improvements in the NGS technologies to overcome them to facilitate accurate high-sensitive detection of low-level mutations. Potential applications of high-sensitive NGS in oncology and comparisons with non-NGS technologies of similar capabilities are also summarized.

Lateral flow assays (LAFs) especially integrated with a microfluidic chip, provides a simple, rapid, user-friendly, potable robust, and cost-effective technology for broad assays. However, this technology suffers from low sensitivity. In this paper, one kind of automatic roller of tap, which can be precisely controlled to replace sample tap was integrated into the microfluidic LAFs platform. And then, on-stripe repeated injection and concentration were realized with this simple mechanic unit. The minimum detection concentration for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was 1.26 ng/mL, comparable with literature using complex enzyme/chemical reaction-based signal amplification. The linear relationship between the signal intensity and enrichment times reflected the good reproducibility of the novel device. At the same time, the good linear relationship between the predicted accumulation quantity of HCG and the gray value of bands is very meaningful for quantitative detection. Consequently, this novel universal approach shows great potential in the rapid trace analysis and broaden the application of LAFs with its attractive characteristics.

C-reactive protein (CRP), produced by the hepatocytes is a primary inflammatory marker of T2DM. Higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme (GGT) and Hs CRP (High sensitive CRP)are associated with the complication of poor glycemic control.This study was aimed to find the association of Hs CRP and GGT for cardiovascular risk factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and Hypertension in the suburbs of Chennai. This study includes 57 subjects with T2DM and Hypertension (Group A) and 62 subjects with T2DM (GroupB) within the age group of 40-60 years. FBS, HbA1C, Hs CRP, GGT and blood pressure were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the SPSS 17 version. Mean values of FBS, blood HbA1C, Hs CRP and GGT were significantly higher among participants of Group A than Group B. Significant difference of FBS, HbA1C were found between the two groups. In contrast, no significant difference of GGT was found between the groups. Differences were considered statistically significant at two-sided P < 0.05. Within the group, Hs CRP shows the significance and positive correlation with FBS, SBP and DBP. Still, GGT does not show any significance in Group A. In contrast, in Group B, both Hs CRP and GGT shows the importance and positive correlation with FBS and HbA1C.It is concluded that high levels of HsCRP are associated with T2DM and Hypertension, indicating increased cardiovascular risk, and it should be included in regular monitoring of type-2 diabetic patients.