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Abstract This study evaluated the scientific contribution of Brazilian CNPq Research Productivity fellows (PQ) in Dentistry by areas of activity. This cross-sectional study included 217 active PQ who were grouped into six groups: (1) Biomaterials, Prosthodontics, and Restorative Dentistry; (2) Public Health and Epidemiology; (3) Oral Pathology, Stomatology, and Dental Radiology; (4) Pediatric Dentistry and Child Health; (5) Dental Clinic (Periodontics, Endodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Surgery, and Implantology), and (6) Basic Areas (Histology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Pharmacology). The PQ were predominantly male (n = 122; 56.2%), received level 2 scholarships (n = 121; 55.8%), and performed research in the Southeast region of Brazil (n = 160; 73.73%). Regarding supervision of undergraduate, master's, and PhD students, both during their entire careers and in the last 5 years, the highest average was observed for PQs in the field of Public Health and Epidemiology, the only area with higher average supervision of master's than that of undergraduate and PhD students. PQ in Public Health and Epidemiology had the highest average number of papers published over their career and in the last 5 years, followed by PQ in Pediatric Dentistry and Child Health and Dental Clinic. The high productivity of PQ is demonstrated by modern research performance indicators. Their scientific publications are indexed in bibliometric databases such as WoS, Scopus, and SciELO. Addtionally, highlighted among the PQ was the time since initiation of their scientific careers and master's and doctoral candidates trained.

Objective: To determine clinical outcomes and mortality risk factors related to mental disorders in a cohort of hospitalized patients with Covid-19 in Brazil. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used a Brazilian database called the Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe (Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance System) to analyze patients aged ≥ 18 years who were hospitalized with Covid-19 between 2020 and 2022. The exposure of interest was mental disorders (anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder) identified through self-report. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Covariates included demographic and clinical characteristics. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: A cohort of 2,124,285 patients was included in the analysis, with 23,246 individuals (1.1%) self-reporting mental disorders, of which depression was the most prevalent (52.3%). The mortality rate of patients with mental disorders was 30.8%. Age, sex, region, dyspnea, low oxygen saturation, and comorbidities were associated with a higher mortality risk, as was schizophrenia (adjusted OR: 1.68; 95%CI 1.54-1.81). Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia had a greater likelihood of Covid-19-related death than those without mental health conditions. These findings underscore the significant effect of serious mental disorders on Covid-19 mortality.

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the case of a girl presenting a severe phenotype of mandibuloacral dysplasia type A (MADA) characterized by prominent osteolytic changes and ectodermal defects, associated with a rare homozygous LMNA missense mutation (c.1579C>T). Case description: A 6-year-old girl was evaluated during hospitalization exhibiting the following dysmorphic signs: subtotal alopecia, dysmorphic facies with prominent eyes, marked micrognathia and retrognathia, small beaked nose, teeth crowding and thin lips, generalized lipodystrophy, narrow and sloping shoulders, generalized joint stiffness and bone reabsorption in the terminal phalanges. In dermatological examination, atrophic skin, loss of cutaneous elasticity, hyperkeratosis, dermal calcinosis, and hyperpigmented and hypochromic patches were observed. Radiology exams performed showed bilateral absence of the mandibular condyles, clavicle resorption with local amorphous bone mass confluence with the scapulae, shoulder joints with subluxation and severe bone dysplasia, hip dysplasia, osteopenia and subcutaneous calcifications. Comments: MADA is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in LMNA gene. It is characterized by craniofacial deformities, skeletal anomalies, skin alterations, lipodystrophy in certain regions of the body and premature ageing. Typical MADA is caused by the p.R527H mutation in the LMNA gene. However, molecular analysis performed from oral epithelial cells obtained from the patient showed the rare mutation c.1579C>T, p. R527C in the exon 9 of LMNA. This is the sixth family identified with this mutation described in the literature.

Abstract Introduction: Brazilian scientific production has shown substantial growth and achieved international visibility. However, in general, the participation of women in scientific activities remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the indicators of scientific productivity of women fellows of the Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in the field of Medicine. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 541 (211 women, 39%) researchers registered as recipients of CNPq research productivity (PQ) scholarships in Medicine according to a list provided in December 2022. Results: There was a predominance of male researchers (n=330; 61%). In both the male and female groups, most researchers were at level 2, with 62.5% women and 47.2% men (p=0.018). All 211 female PQ scholars were distributed among 37 different institutions and published 34,969 papers in scientific journals, averaging 165.7 articles per researcher. In the last five years of the study period (from 2018 to 2022), 9,679 papers were published. Over their careers, the 211 researchers supervised 5,440 undergraduate research students, 4,144 master’s degree students, and 2,923 PhD candidates. There was a significant difference between the scholarship levels for the development of human resources in undergraduate research (p=0.040), master’s degree (p=0.027), and PhD. (p

Abstract: The aim was to analyze the perception of Brazilian federal judges on the implications of COVID-19 vaccination. A study was carried out with Brazilian federal judges, who received a survey designed with multiple-choice questions on COVID-19 vaccination, covering topics such as its mandatory aspect, the application of coercive measures, hesitation to vaccinate, priority groups, the duties of Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa, acronym in Portuguese), the role of the Judiciary branch, and immunity passports. A total of 254 out of 1,300 federal judges from all states responded to the survey. Most respondents have a Bachelor’s degree or a specialization (59.1%) and have been judges for more than 10 years (63.8%). A great majority of the judges (87.7%) agree with vaccine mandates for adults and for children and adolescents (66.1%). Over 75% of judges believe that all levels of government can impose sanctions on those who refuse to get vaccinated. The judges trust vaccination 93% of the time, 56.1% reject anti-vaccination movements, and 75.2% believe that Anvisa duties should be respected. The Judiciary branch actions concerning the COVID-19 pandemic are approved by 62.6% of judges, and 88.2% support immunity passports. There is a direct connection among mandatory vaccination, trust in the vaccine, and the adoption of immunity passports. Most federal judges agree with vaccine mandates for children and adults, support the application of sanctions for vaccination refusal, disapprove of anti-vaccination movements, agree with Anvisa’s duties, and support judicial intervention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract Associations between the WNT5A rs566926 variant and non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOC) have been reported in different populations. Objective This study aimed to investigate the role of the rs566926 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in WNT5A and its interactions with SNPs in BMP4, FGFR1, GREM1, MMP2, and WNT3 in the occurrence of NSOC in a Brazilian population. Methodology A case-control genetic association study was carried out involving participants from four regions of Brazil, totaling 801 patients with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P), 273 patients with cleft palate only (NSCPO), and 881 health volunteers without any congenital condition (control). Applying TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, we evaluated WNT5A rs566926 in an ancestry-structured multiple logistic regression analysis, considering sex and genomic ancestry as covariates. Interactions between rs566926 and variants in genes involved in the WNT5A signaling pathway (BMP4, FGFR1, GREM1, MMP2, and WNT3) were also explored. Results WNT5A rs566926 was significantly associated with an increased risk of NSCL±P, particularly due to a strong association with non-syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO), in which the C allele increased the risk by 32% (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04–1.67, p=0.01). According to the proportions of European and African genomic ancestry, the association of rs566926 reached significant levels only in patients with European ancestry. Multiple interactions were detected between WNT5A rs566926 and BMP4 rs2071047, GREM1 rs16969681 and rs16969862, and FGFR1 rs7829058. Conclusion The WNT5A rs566926 polymorphism was associated with NSCL±P, particularly in individuals with NSCLO and high European ancestry. Epistatic interactions involving WNT5A rs566926 and variants in BMP4, GREM1, and FGFR1 may contribute to the risk of NSCL±P in the Brazilian population.

Abstract Background Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOC) are the craniofacial most common congenital malformations. There are evidences that the nonsyndromic cleft palate (NSCP) development differs from other NSOC. However, most of the publications treat NSCP without considering that information. Furthermore, few studies focus on NSCP. The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological findings of patients with isolated NSCP in Brazil. Methods In this cross-sectional multicenter study, four reference Centers for treatment in three different Brazilian states was investigated. Data were obtained from clinical records of patients, between November 2021 and June 2022. Researched variables were sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and pregnancy and family history. Pearson’s chi-square and ANOVA One-way tests were used for associations. Results Majority were female (58.1%), white (60.7%) with incomplete NSCP (61.2%). There was an association between complete NSCP and a positive history of medical problems during pregnancy (p = 0.016; 27.9%; OR: 1.94; 1.12–3.35). Systemic alterations were perceived in 40.6% of the sample with odds ratio for development of the complete type (OR: 1.21; 0.74–1.97). Higher OR was visualized in medication use during pregnancy (OR: 1.35; 0.76–2.37) and positive family history of oral cleft (OR: 1.44; 0.80–2.55). Dental and surgical care was associated with higher age groups (p

Resumo Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional está entre as transformações globais mais importantes. Na população idosa, há prevalência aumentada de condições crônicas que comprometem a autonomia relacionadas ao comprometimento cognitivo. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou estimar a prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo e os fatores associados em uma população de idosos. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa transversal analítica envolvendo idosos com 60 anos ou mais, cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para caracterização dos fatores sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde, utilizou-se o instrumento Brazilian Older Americans Researches and Service Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire; para avaliação cognitiva, o Mini Exame do Estado Mental, e os resultados, ajustados por escolaridade na análise de regressão logística binária, com apresentação de odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Dos 1.746 idosos avaliados, 11,5% apresentaram comprometimento cognitivo. Os fatores de risco associados foram idosos acima de 80 anos (OR=4,463; IC95% 3,160–6,304); analfabetos (OR=3,996; IC95% 2,716–5,791); sem companheiro (OR=1,989; IC95% 1,388–2,850); sedentários (OR=1,777; IC95% 1,208–2,613) e com histórico de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (OR=3,635; IC95% 2,213–5,971). Conclusões: Comprometimento cognitivo foi associado a variáveis passíveis de ações preventivas, como o acesso à escolarização e hábitos de vida saudáveis.

Objetivo: descrever a organização da assistência em Estomatologia dos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEOs) do Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: realizou-se estudo transversal e descritivo utilizando dados do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade dos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (PMAQ-CEO). Resultados: foram avaliados um total de 930 CEOs. Deste montante, 65,5% das equipes eram habilitadas em estomatologia e se concentravam no Sudeste (37,8%). Houve diferenças regionais na organização dos serviços de referência, porém, observaram-se, na maioria dos CEOs, protocolos que orientavam os encaminhamentos para a especialidade (57,8%); usuários encaminhados com termo por escrito/meio eletrônico (61,7%); sem cotas pré-definidas para encaminhamento (86,9%) e atendimento agendado em até uma semana (78,3%). A biópsia era comumente realizada (82,4%), as equipes possuíam referência para casos de câncer (80%) e o tema câncer de boca, abordado por 54,5% das equipes no matriciamento. Conclusão: o PMAQ-CEO revelou vazios regionais em relação à assistência em estomatologia e diferenças na organização do trabalho nos diversos estabelecimentos. Há necessidade de se conhecer as desigualdades regionais na organização dos serviços para melhor planejamento das políticas públicas a fim de diminuir o desequilíbrio na oferta do cuidado e no acesso e utilização dos serviços.

Objective: To analyze specialized dental care through access, demand and the work processes provided by the CEO's, using secondary data from the cycles of the PMAQ-CEO. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study using public domain data. Variables of interest were selected from the external evaluation instrument data matrices and were grouped in categories. The categories were geographic distribution, structural, human resources, work processes and access and coordination. Results: The total of 932 CEO’s were evaluated in 2014 and 1,042 in 2016, most of them type II, present in the Northeast region. In both cycles, the highest average of dentists worked in the endodontic specialty (2.4 professionals per CEO) and the lowest in oral medicine (0.8 professionals per CEO). Of the two cycles, 91.5% of the CEO’s had a manager, 79.5% performed action planning activities and 74.5% realized internal self-assessment processes. There was an increase in the mean number of days to be seen at the CEO in all analyzed specialties (p

Abstract Objective: to analyze the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs) in Primary Health Care professionals between August-October/2021. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study conducted with health professionals in the Northern health macro-region of Minas Gerais state; snowball sampling was used; the dependent variable, CMDs, was evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20); Poisson regression was used to perform the statistical analysis. Results: a total of 702 health professionals took part in the study; the prevalence of CDMs was 43.2%. It was higher in those with previous [prevalence ratios (PR) = 2.42; 95%CI 1.43;4.08] and current (PR = 1.54; 95%CI 1.25;1.89) symptoms of mental disorders, overwork during the pandemic (PR = 1.42; 95%CI 1.16;1.73), previous symptoms of anxiety (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.01;1.61), depression (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.06;1.52) and other mental disorders (PR = 1.20; 95%CI 1.01;1.43). Conclusion: there was an association between CDMs and presenting previous and current symptoms of mental disorders and work overload during the covid-19 pandemic.

Objective: To evaluate the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and/or palate by the Brazilian public health system. Methods: Retrospective, analytical and comparative ecological study, with information on hospital procedures performed on individuals with cleft lip and/or palate in Centers authorized by the Brazilian public health system, between the years 2008 and 2020. The information was collected in databases Ministry of Health data. Results: Between 2008 and 2020, there was an increase of 8 (36.4%) qualified Centers in Brazil, currently having 30 Centers in 100% of the geographic regions. The surgical procedures performed totaled 68,716; with multiple surgeries being the most frequent. Complete cleft lip and palate was the most frequent type in hospital admissions. The public financial resources invested in the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate in the qualified Lip and Palate Malformation Treatment Centers were US$ 39,693 million, making an average value per procedure of US$ 577.64. Conclusions: In Brazil, public health system performed and financed, over the years 2008 and 2020, an important volume of surgical procedures for cleft lip and/or palate, which presented a polarization in the Southeast region but with a slight tendency expansion to other regions of the country. The most performed surgical procedures were multiple surgeries and mostly for individuals with cleft lip and palate. The amounts paid showed a heretogeneous distribution in the national territory. Level of evidence: Level 5: Report containing program evaluation data.

Abstract We analyzed the distribution characteristics of the scientific production of Brazilian dentistry researchers of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. The Lattes curriculum data of 211 researchers from Oral Pathology, Oral Surgery, and Oral Medicine fields were included (2018–2020). Over their academic career, 39 researchers published 7,555 papers (average, 175 articles/researcher); 3,876/7,555 papers were indexed in the Web of Science. During 2018–2020, 1,440/7,555 (19%) papers were published. Brazilian dental researchers contribute significantly to international research by participating in scientific journals’ editorial boards, evaluating research promotion agencies, training researchers, and contributing to scientific and technological development.

Resumo Introdução Na perspectiva dos determinantes sociais de saúde, a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica apresenta complexa natureza multifatorial. É fator de risco cardiovascular, influenciado por aspectos comportamentais, econômicos, sociais, políticos e ambientais. Objetivo Investigar a relação entre determinantes sociais de saúde e risco cardiovascular global em hipertensos assistidos em serviço da atenção secundária do Sistema Único de Saúde. Método Estudo seccional analítico, com pacientes do Centro Hiperdia, no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dados de determinantes sociais foram coletados por meio de questionário estruturado. A classificação do risco cardiovascular (alto, moderado e baixo) deu-se a partir de dados clínicos. A estatística considerou nível de significância 5%. Resultados Entre 231 participantes, a maioria (64,1%) era de alto risco cardiovascular, associado aos dados clínicos: elevada pressão arterial sistólica (p=0,04) e maior tempo de diagnóstico (p=0,01). O alto risco cardiovascular foi associado aos determinantes sociais: satisfação com acesso aos serviços de saúde (p=0,02) e ambiente físico saudável (p=0,02). Conclusão Apesar de a satisfação com os serviços de saúde e com o ambiente físico terem apresentado resultados reversos, sugere-se fortalecer políticas e práticas de atenção à saúde, que reconheçam diferentes determinantes e previnam a gravidade do risco cardiovascular.

Many viral infections cause oral manifestations, including disorders in odontogenesis, resulting in dental malformations. In this review, based on current knowledge, we will discuss the likely dental and oral consequences of COVID-19. In this article, we review currently available data associated with vertical transmission of COVID-19 and odontogenesis, oral manifestations, and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on a diagnosis of oral diseases. Owing to the severity of the pandemic, the population's anxiety and fear of becoming infected with COVID-19 may underestimate the signs and symptoms of serious illnesses, besides discourage patients from seeking health, medical or dental services to determine the diagnosis of oral lesions. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic could be an additional and aggravating factor for the delay of serious illness diagnosis, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma resulting in higher morbidity and worse prognosis. Several changes and oral lesions have been described as oral manifestations of COVID-19, such as dysgeusia, oral ulcers, petechiae, reddish macules, desquamative gingivitis, among others. Besides, it can cause major systemic changes and predispose opportunistic infections. As with other viral infections, oral manifestations, including dental anomalies, can occur as a direct result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, further studies are needed to guide and clarify possible oral changes.

Letter to the editors

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 impacts on the activities of researchers in the field of Oral Medicine (OM) and Oral Pathology (OP). To assess the research activities and training of human resources by Brazilian productivity fellows in research (BPFR) in OM and OP in the COVID-19 Era . Material and Methods: Thirty-six BPFR in OM and OP areas, funded by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), received a virtual structured questionnaire by e-mail, on the Google Forms (Google®) platform, with questions regarding research activities and training of human resources (supervision of undergraduate and postgraduate students), during the COVID-19 pandemic. From the thirty-six BPFR in OM and OP, twenty-seven (75.0%) answered the questionnaire. Results: Most of them were males (n=20; 74.1%) and were distributed in four Brazilian regions and ten states of the federation, including the Federal District. Twenty-four (88.9%) BPFR reported having suspended clinical activities, while sixteen (59.3%) answered that histopathology practices are suspended. Twenty-five (92.6%) BPFR mentioned difficulties in conducting research projects and 55.5% stated having no difficulties in the supervision of undergraduates, master’s and PhD students . Conclusion: The current scenario may significantly impact the diagnosis of oral diseases in Brazil. Moreover, a decrease in the scientific production of BPFR in OM and OP in the coming years is also considered.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has limited the access of patients with Hansen's disease (HD) to care due to changes in routine health services. METHODS: To ascertain this, we compared the number of HD cases diagnosed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: The decrease in HD cases in Brazil reached 18,223 (-48.4%), corresponding to an average reduction of 1,518 cases per month during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: Therefore, effective measures should be implemented to minimize the damage and the consequent negative health impact of COVID-19 on the care of HD patients.

Abstract: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis with predilection for coronary arteries. Due to a lack of reliable confirmatory laboratory tests, the diagnosis of KD is based on a characteristic pattern of clinical findings that appear in a typical temporal sequence. The diagnostic criteria have been periodically modified and the American Heart Association has proposed the most recent guidelines for its diagnosis. However, patients may have incomplete or atypical forms of KD and diagnosis can often be difficult. Because oropharyngeal manifestations are a common and important feature for diagnosing KD and recent studies have hypothesized a possible association between KD and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in this review we highlight the importance of dentists in the diagnosis of KD and its potential association with SARS-CoV-2.

Abstract The Brazilian scientific community and health care workers are working hard to provide support for the political health measures to deal with this unprecedented crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. Paradoxically, while the society is looking forward for an immediate response of the scientific community, Brazilian scientists are facing a dramatic reduction in financial support for research and graduate programs.

Abstract Due to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, many dental schools and instructors are rethinking the way they teach and interact with students. New perspectives regarding a change in face-to-face activities, social isolation and the reformulation of clinical activities result in a transition toward e-learning and e-teaching processes. In this review, we discuss some favorable aspects and difficulties associated with virtual teaching and learning, searching for available tools and techniques as well as new perspectives.

Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the profile and scientific production of research fellows of the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in the neuroscience area. Methods: We created a database containing 542 researchers who were CNPq fellows in Medicine, of which 94 (17.34%) worked mainly in the neuroscience area. Results: The researchers were distributed in eight Brazilian States: São Paulo (n=49; 52.12%), Rio Grande do Sul (n=22; 23.40%), Rio de Janeiro (n=9; 9.57%), Minas Gerais (n=5; 5.31%), Ceará (n=4; 4.25%), Santa Catarina (n=3; 3.19%), Espirito Santo (n=1; 1.06) and Paraná (n=1, 1.06%). Although the neuroscience researchers were from more than 20 institutions, 58.5% worked in only 3 of those, namely USP (n=30), UFRGS (n=15) and UNIFESP (n=10). The median time since obtaining the PhD degree was 18.27 years (range, 5-39). Throughout their academic careers, 94 researchers published 16,488 papers in scientific journals, with an average of 175.40 articles per researcher (ranging from 43 to 715 articles). Of the 16,488 articles,12,801 or 77.63% were indexed at Web of Science (mean of 136.18 articles/researcher), while 10,166 or 61.65% were indexed at Scopus database (mean of 108.14 articles/researcher). Overall, those researchers advised 1,279 undergraduate students (median of 13.60; range: 0-68), of which 1,329 were master’s degree students (median of 14.13; range: 1-49) and 970 PhD students (median of 10.54; range: 0-42). The fellows’ median H-index at ISI was 23.75. Conclusion: It is observed that the neuroscience fellows constitute a group with significant scientific production (the fellows’ median H-index at ISI was 23.75). Most of these scientific publications were indexed at the Web of Science (77.63%) and Scopus (61.65%) databases. Human resources training are also highlighted, including undergraduate students, master’s degree students and PhD students. Comparative studies with researchers from other countries, in similar areas of knowledge, are necessary to better understand the present results.

Introduction: Bifid uvula is a frequently observed anomaly in the general population and can be regarded as a marker for submucous cleft palate. Objective: In this study aimed to determine the frequency of bifid uvula and submucous cleft palate and their relationship with oral clefts in a Brazilian population. Methods: We conducted a transversal, descriptive and quantitative study of 1206 children between August 2014 and December 2015. A clinical examination of the children was conducted by means of inspection of the oral cavity with the aid of a tongue depressor and directed light. After the clinical examination in children, parents answered a questionnaire with questions about basic demographic information and their family history of oral clefts in their first-degree relatives. After application of the questionnaires, the information collected was archived in a database and analyzed by the statistical program SPSS® version 19.0, by applying Chi-Square tests. Values with p

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in families of patients with prostate cancer (PC). Study design: We conducted a case-control study involving a total of 748 individuals, 280 of which had PC, and 468 were free-cancer healthy individuals. The patients answered a questionnaire with basic demographic information and family history of NSCL/P in first-degree relatives. The information collected was stored in a database and analyzed by using the statistical program SPSS® 24.0 for Windows (Chicago, IL, USA). In order to determine the association with NSCL/P, chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for risk magnitude assessment. Values with p

ABSTRACT The current study aimed to analyze through a literature review evidence of association between ocular changes and non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P). A literature review was carried out in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration Group protocol. PubMed, Scopus, Academic Google and ISI Web of Science databases were systematically searched. A total of 16 studies were accessed, and three made up the final sample.All three studied ocular abnormalities in patients with NSCL/P.The articles found ocular abnormalities in 6.21%, 17.54% and 1.03% of patients respectively.The presence of ocular abnormalities in patients with NSCL/P was significant in this systematic review, but the articles all agreed that future studies should explore the possibility of a greater occurrence of ocular changes in individuals with NSCL/P.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Identificar e descrever casos de sífilis congênita e materna notificados e não notificados em uma cidade brasileira de médio porte. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo e retrospectivo que avaliou 214 prontuários de gestantes e recém-nascidos (RNs). Iniciou-se com identificação das fichas de notificação epidemiológica, seguida de busca ativa nas maternidades, avaliando-se todos os prontuários que apresentavam sorologia não treponêmica positiva e prontuários do serviço de referência em infectologia, na cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, no período de 2007 a 2013. As definições de casos seguiram as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde (MS) no Brasil e as variáveis foram descritas utilizando-se frequências absoluta e relativa. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros). Resultados: De 214 prontuários avaliados, foram identificados 93 casos de sífilis materna e 54 casos de sífilis congênita. As gestantes analisadas foram, predominantemente, de cor parda, apresentando ensino médio/superior, com faixa etária entre 21 e 30 anos e estado civil solteira. Considerando acompanhamento pré-natal das gestantes com sífilis, observou-se predomínio do diagnóstico tardio, após o parto ou a curetagem; a totalidade dos respectivos tratamentos foi considerada inadequada, segundo o MS. Dos RNs de gestantes com sífilis, a maioria não foi referenciada para acompanhamento pediátrico. Apenas 6,5% dos casos de sífilis em gestantes foram notificados; em relação à forma congênita, esse valor foi de 24,1%. Conclusão: Persistindo a transmissão vertical, verificam-se sinais de que a qualidade da atenção pré-natal e neonatal deve ser reestruturada.

Multiple studies have demonstrated an association between cancer and nonsyndromic oral clefts in different populations. In this study, we assessed the occurrence of nonsyndromic oral clefts in families of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n = 50) and controls (n = 125). The parents of the patients answered a questionnaire with basic demographic information and family history of nonsyndromic oral clefts in first-degree relatives. Statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher’s exact test. In the ALL group, 22 (44%) were male and 28 (56%) were female, and the average age was 13.2 ± 12.2 years. In the control group, 64 (51.2%) were male and 65 were female and the average age was 11.3 ± 10.3 years. Two out of 50 patients (4%) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia had a positive history of nonsyndromic oral clefts, whereas there were no reported occurrences of nonsyndromic oral clefts in the control group (OR: 12.94, 95% CI: 0.61−274.6, p = 0.08). Despite the limited population, the frequency of nonsyndromic oral clefts was increased in the first-degree relatives of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Studies with larger samples and molecular analyses are needed to better understand the possible etiological relationship between cancer and nonsyndromic oral clefts.

Hypertelorism is characterized by the increased distance between the orbits, measured from the most medial portion of its inner walls. It represents a signal found in sev eral craniofacial defects, and oral clefts. Nonsyndromic oral clefts (NOC) are the most common orofacial birth defect, occurring in 1 in 500-2,500 live births worldwide. NOC is caused by a complex interplay between environ mental exposures and genetic factors.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) represent the most common congenital anomalies of the face. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between maternal smoking, gender and CL/P. METHODS: This is an epidemiological cross-sectional study. We interviewed 1519 mothers divided into two groups: Cases: mothers of children with CL/P (n = 843) and Controls: mothers of children without CL/P (n = 676). All mothers were classified as smoker or non-smoker subjects during the first trimester of pregnancy. To determine an association among maternal smoking, gender, and CL/P, odds ratios were calculated and the adjustment was made by a logistic regression model. RESULTS: An association between maternal smoking and the presence of cleft was observed. There was also a strong association between male gender and the presence of cleft (OR = 3.51; 95% CI 2.83-4.37). By binary logistic regression analysis, it was demonstrated that both variables were independently associated with clefts. In a multivariate analysis, male gender and maternal smoking had a 2.5- and a 1.5-time greater chance of having a cleft, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings are consistent with a positive association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and CL/P in male gender. The results support the importance of smoking prevention and introduction of cessation programs among women with childbearing potential.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of teeth malposition (rotated) in Brazilian patients with oral clefts and to contribute to the definition of subphenotypes. This study included 317 patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Tooth malposition was assessed clinically, through radiographs, and medical history records for each individual. Only teeth malpositions outside the area of the clefts were included. Comparisons were assessed by cross-tabulation and standard chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Cleft lip and palate was more prevalent in males, while cleft palate was more common in females. Regarding the presence of tooth malposition, of the 317 patients, 92 (29.02%) had at least one tooth with the dental anomaly. Tooth malposition was more common in patients with cleft lip and palate (16.1%), followed by, respectively, cleft palate (6.9%) and cleft lip (6%) (p=0.112). The highest occurrence of tooth malposition was in the mandible and involved the canines (p

INTRODUCTION: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) represent the most common congenital anomalies of the face.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (nsCL/P).METHODS: We conducted an observational, case-control study, with a case study group composed of 61 patients with nsCL/P, aged 7-17 years, and a control group of 61clinically normal patients. Both groups were selected at the same institution.RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were observed in the case group (nsCL/P), but there were no statistically significant differences compared to the control group. No association was found between the two groups (case and control) in relation to sociodemographic variables: gender, age and education.CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the prevalence of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with nsCL/P from a localized geographic population, although the results were not statistically significant when compared to the control group, not justifying the use of CDI (Child Depression Inventory) as a screening instrument for depressive symptoms in the examined population.

Aim: To evaluate the association of environmental risk factors, particularly paternal and maternal age, with gender and type of oral cleft in newborn with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Methods: This study included 1,346 children with NSCL/P of two Brazilian Services for treatment of craniofacial deformities. Parental ages were classified into the following groups: maternal age

The objective of this study was to compare the quality of life of women who survived breast cancer and women who have not had the disease, and to identify associated factors. It is cross-sectional study in which the comparison group includes survivors of breast cancer aged between 40 and 69 years. One hundred and fifty-four women were included, 70 with breast cancer and 84 without the disease. The SF-36 was used to evaluate quality of life. The chi-square test and multivariate linear models were used to compare the groups. The estimated mean physical and mental components were significantly better for the group who survived the disease (51.10 and 52.25, respectively) compared to the group without cancer (47.26 and 47.93, respectively). The study indicates that survivors of breast cancer had a better quality of life compared to women without the disease.

Aim: : To describe the clinical, demographic and environmental features associated with NSCL/P (nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate) patients born in western Parana state, Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study included 188 patients attended at the Association of Carriers of Cleft Lip and Palate - APOFILAB, Cascavel-Parana, between 2012 and 2014. Information on demographic characteristics, medical and dental histories and life style factors were obtained from records and personal interviews. Results: Among the 188 patients, cleft lip and palate (CLP) was the most frequent subtype (55.8%), followed by cleft lip only (CLO, 25.0%) and cleft palate only (CPO, 19.2%). Caucasian males were the most affected, although no differences among types of cleft were observed. The otorhinolaryngologic and respiratory alterations were the most frequent systemic alterations in NSCL/P patients, and more than 80% of the NSCL/P mothers reported no vitamin supplements during the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: This study revealed that the prevalence of nonsyndromic oral cleft types in this cohort was quite similar to previously reported prevalence rates. Systemic alterations were identified among 23.4% of the patients and patients with CLP were the most affected. History of maternal exposition to environmental factors related to nonsyndromic oral clefts was frequent and most mothers reported no vitamin supplements during the pregnancy. This study highlights the importance of identifying systemic alterations and risk factors associated with NSCL/P in the Brazilian population for planning comprehensive strategies and integrated actions for the development of preventive programs and treatment.

O aumento do número de programas de pós-graduação tem sido concomitante a um aumento da produção científica brasileira. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender o perfil dos pesquisadores brasileiros bolsistas do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) na área de Educação Física. Para tal foram analisados os currículos dos 74 bolsistas, registrados na Plataforma Lattes. Foram consideradas variáveis como gênero, classificação no CNPq (1A a 2), instituição em que atua, tempo de doutorado, quantidade de artigos publicados, bem como a classificação do Qualis da revista, publicações de livros e capítulos de livros, orientações de iniciação científica, mestrado e doutorado e a obtenção de patentes. Para as variáveis relacionadas a publicações, foi considerado o triênio de 2007 a 2009. Os resultados mostraram que a maior parte dos pesquisadores tem entre 5 e 32 anos de doutorado, é do gênero masculino (75,7%), classificados na categoria 2 (67,6%), atuando prioritariamente na região sudeste e, mais especificadamente, no Estado de São Paulo. A maior parte das publicações ocorreu em periódicos nacionais com os Qualis B1, B2 e A2. Observou-se importante número de publicações de capítulos de livros e livros, bem como um número relevante de orientações de mestrado, doutorado e iniciação científica.

A fenda labial e/ou palatina representa a anomalia congênita mais comum na face. OBJETIVO: Descrever a correlação existente entre a fenda labial e/ou palatina não sindrômica e gênero e sua gravidade na população brasileira. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal, conduzido entre 2009 e 2011, em uma amostra de 366 pacientes. Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e regressão logística multinomial com intervalo de 95% para estimar a probabilidade dos tipos de fenda labial e/ou palatina afetar os gêneros. RESULTADOS: Entre os 366 casos de fenda labial e/ou palatina não sindrômica, as fendas mais frequentes foram a fenda lábio-palatina, seguida, respectivamente, pela fenda labial e fenda palatina. As fendas palatinas foram mais frequentes entre as mulheres e a fenda lábio-palatina e fenda labial apenas predominaram nos homens. O risco de fenda labial em relação à fenda palatina foi de 2,19 vezes maior em homens quando comparados às mulheres; enquanto o risco de fenda labial e palatina em relação à fenda palatina apenas foi 2,78 vezes em homens, quando comparados às mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo mostrou que há diferenças na distribuição de fendas labiais e/ou palatinas não sindrômicas entre homens e mulheres.Cleft lip and/or palate represent the most common congenital anomaly of the face. AIM: To describe the correlation between non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate and gender, and its severity in the Brazilian population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, between 2009 and 2011, in a sample of 366 patients. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression with a 95% interval to estimate the likelihood of the types of cleft lip and/or palate affecting the genders. RESULTS: Among the 366 cases of non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate, the more frequent clefts were cleft lip and palate, followed respectively by cleft lip and cleft palate. The cleft palates were more frequent in females, while the cleft lip and palate and cleft lips only predominated in males. The risk of cleft li in relation the cleft palate was 2.19 times in males when compared to females; while the risk of cleft lip and palate in relation to cleft palate alone was 2.78 times in males compared to females. CONCLUSION: This study showed that there were differences in the distribution of the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate between males and females.

OBJETIVOS: Descrever as principais características de pacientes com câncer de mama admitidas em dois serviços de referência para o tratamento desse tipo de câncer no norte de Minas Gerais, incluindo estágio da doença ao diagnóstico e local de tratamento. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal e descritivo, avaliando 288 prontuários de pacientes do gênero feminino com câncer de mama, admitidas entre janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2009, oriundas de um serviço público e de um privado. As variáveis analisadas foram submetidas a tratamento estatístico por meio dos testes qui-quadrado e regressão logística multinomial. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que 68,1% da população analisada procediam do serviço público. Predominaram pacientes com mais de 50 anos (54,5%), casadas (59%) e com filhos (87,8%). Dentre a população estudada, a média de idade foi de 63 anos, sendo que em 42,7% dos casos prevaleceu o intervalo de tempo acima de 6 meses entre a suspeita clínica e a confirmação diagnóstica. Em 47,6% das mulheres o diagnóstico foi tardio (estágios III e IV). 20,1% tinham histórico familiar de câncer de mama; 20,8% faziam autoexame das mamas e 41% faziam mamografia. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se maior prevalência de pacientes nos estágios III e IV no serviço público quando comparado ao privado. O tempo prolongado entre a suspeita clínica e a confirmação diagnóstica, a ausência de história familiar de câncer de mama e a não realização de mamografia de rastreamento são observados, neste estudo, como os principais fatores associados ao diagnóstico tardio.OBJECTIVE: To describe the main characteristics, including stage of disease and local treatment of patients admitted to two reference services for the treatment of breast cancer in the North of Minas Gerais. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. We evaluated medical records of 288 female patients with breast cancer admitted between January 2006 and December 2009, referred from a public hospital and a private clinic. Variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: 68.1% of patients were referred from the public hospital. There was a predominance of patients over 50 years old (54.5%), married (59%) and with children (87.8%). The mean age of the population studied was 63 years old. Time between suspected cancer and confirmation of diagnosis was over six months in 42.7% of patients. Cancer diagnosis was late (stage III and IV) in 47.6% of patients. Family history of breast cancer was present in 20.1%, 20.8% of them had performed self-breast examination, and 41% had been submitted to a mammogram. CONCLUSION: There was a higher prevalence of stage III/IV patients from the public service when compared to the private sector. We found that the major factors associated with the late diagnosis of breast cancer were the delay between suspected and confirmed diagnosis, the absence of family history of breast cancer and not having a mammogram.

OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados da cirurgia combinada de catarata e glaucoma (FACO-TREC) e apresentar a técnica com o ponto escleral perilímbico. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo por levantamento de prontuários com informações sobre a pressão intraocular, acuidade visual, medicação hipotensora antes e depois da cirurgia e descrição do ato cirúrgico combinado (FACO-TREC), com acompanhamento mínimo de seis meses. Foram selecionados 10 pacientes com glaucoma e catarata (15 olhos), acompanhados de janeiro de 2005 a junho de 2007, no Departamento de Glaucoma da Santa Casa Olhos de Montes Claros (MG). A cirurgia de TREC utilizada foi a de base fórnix, sem uso de Mitomicina C, com a incisão principal da cirurgia de catarata realizada no mesmo sítio da TREC. A confecção do ponto escleral perilímbico se dá como uma sutura que se inicia na esclera nua, passa por cima do retalho escleral e é ancorada na esclera do outro lado do retalho. A conjuntiva é suturada com pontos simples por sobre o ponto. RESULTADOS: A acuidade visual, após seis meses da cirurgia mostrou-se melhor em 86,6% (13) dos olhos, inalterada em 6,66% (1 olho) e pior em 6,66%. A pressão intraocular média pré-operatória foi de 18,02 mmHg, a pós-operatória após 6 meses foi de 15,06 mmHg. Cinquenta por cento dos olhos operados ficaram livres dos colírios. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o ponto escleral perilímbico apresentou resultados favoráveis na obtenção de uma melhora na acuidade visual, redução da pressão intraocular e uma diminuição significativa no uso de drogas hipotensoras à custa de um número muito pequeno de complicações.

Fissuras do lábio e/ou palato (FL/P) representam as anomalias congênitas mais comuns da face e em 70% dos indivíduos, as fissuras lábio-palatinas ocorrem de forma não-sindrômica (FL/PNS). OBJETIVO: Descrever casos clínicos de FL/PNS associadas com consanguinidade e correlacionar tais alterações com possíveis fatores de risco. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, em um Serviço de referência para deformidades craniofaciais em Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre os anos de 2006-2009, a partir de prontuários clínicos. RESULTADOS: Entre 246 casos de FL/PNS diagnosticadas e assistidas no Serviço, 15 (6,1%) foram de FL/PNS com relato de consanguinidade em primeiro grau e 73,3% ocorreram no gênero masculino. Verificou-se que dos 15 pacientes, 4 pacientes apresentavam fissura lábio palatina (FLP) completa unilateral direita, 4 FLP bilateral completa, 3 FLP completa unilateral esquerda, 3 fissura palatina isolada e 1 fissura labial isolada. Dos fatores de risco avaliados, somente três mães relataram história de tabagismo durante a gestação. CONCLUSÕES: As FLP (unilateral ou bilateral) foram mais frequentes nesse grupo com histórico de consanguinidade em primeiro grau e o gênero masculino foi predominante. Entre os fatores de risco, apenas o tabagismo foi observado em três casos clínicos.Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are the most common congenital anomalies of the face. CL/P are non-syndromic (CL/PNS) in about 70% of subjects. AIM: To describe clinical cases of non-syndromic CL/P (CL/PNS) associated with consanguinity, diagnosed at a reference hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and to correlate these alterations with possible risk factors. SERIES AND METHODS: A retrospective study at a reference hospital for craniofacial deformities in Minas Gerais, Brazil from 2006 to 2009 based on data in medical records. RESULTS: Of 246 CL/PNS cases diagnosed and treated at the institution, 15 (6.1%) were CL/PNS with reported first-degree consanguinity; 73.3% occurred in males. Four of 15 patients had complete right cleft palate and lip (CLP), 4 presented complete cleft palate and lip (right and left), 3 had complete unilateral left CLP, 3 had isolated cleft palate, and 1 presented cleft lip only. Among the risk factors, only three mothers reported smoking during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: CLP (unilateral or bilateral) were more frequent in the group with a history of first-degree consanguinity; males predominated. Among the risk factors, only smoking was observed in three cases.

Fissuras do lábio e/ou palato (FL/P) representam as anomalias congênitas mais comuns da face, correspondendo a aproximadamente 65% de todas as malformações da região craniofacial. OBJETIVO: Descrever casos clínicos incomuns de FL/P não-sindrômicas (FL/PNS), diagnosticadas em um Serviço de referência em Minas Gerais, Brasil, e correlacionar tais alterações com possíveis fatores de risco. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, entre os anos de 1992 e 1º semestre de 2009, a partir dos prontuários clínicos. RESULTADOS: Entre 778 casos de FL/PNS diagnosticadas no período de 17 anos, 5 (0,64%) foram de FL/PNS incomuns, sendo todos os pacientes do gênero masculino. Verificou-se que, dos 5 pacientes, 2 apresentaram fissura labial direita incompleta associada à fissura palatina incompleta; 2 eram afetados por fissura labial esquerda incompleta e fissura palatina incompleta e 1 com fissura lábio-palatina esquerda completa e fissura palatina direita completa. Fatores de risco como consanguinidade, tabagismo e etilismo materno, uso de medicamento na gestação, histórico de aborto e/ou natimorto e doenças maternas não foram associados às FL/ PNS incomuns CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo descreveu 5 casos raros de FL/PNS em uma população brasileira, não apresentando correlação com os fatores de risco analisados. Confirmou-se ainda a raridade na prevalência de tais alterações.Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) represent the most common congenital anomalies of the face, corresponding to approximately 65% of all malformations of the craniofacial region. AIM: to describe unusual clinical cases of non-syndromic CL/P (CL/PNS), diagnosed in a reference service in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and correlate these alterations with possible risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we carried out a retrospective study, between the years of 1992 and the 1st half of 2009, from medical records. RESULTS: Among the 778 cases of CL/PNS diagnosed in the period of 17 years, 5 (0.64%) were unusual CL/PNS, and all patients were male. It was found that among the 5 patients, 2 had incomplete right cleft lip with incomplete cleft palate, 2 were affected by left incomplete cleft lip and incomplete cleft palate, and 1 had a cleft lip and palate associated with complete right cleft palate. Risk factors such as consanguinity, maternal smoking and alcohol consumption, medication usage during pregnancy, history of abortion and/or stillbirths and maternal diseases were not associated with unusual CL/PNS. CONCLUSIONS: This study described 5 unusual cases of CL/PNS in a Brazilian population; no associations with the risk factors analyzed were seen. It also confirmed the unusualness of the prevalence of such alterations.

OBJETIVO: o objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer os principais aspectos legais relacionados ao exercício da Ortodontia que podem ser utilizados como importantes instrumentos de defesa em caso de ação ética e/ou judicial. MÉTODOS: realizou-se um estudo transversal com ortodontistas de Belo Horizonte/MG, por meio de instrumento próprio (questionário), abordando os aspectos éticos e judiciais que envolvem essa especialidade. Foi solicitado, no questionário, o preenchimento dos seguintes campos: identificação pessoal, formação acadêmica, acessórios ortodônticos, higiene bucal, plano de tratamento, prestação de serviço, documentação ortodôntica, prescrição medicamentosa e vias de comunicação com o paciente, dentre outros. RESULTADOS: um montante de 237 ortodontistas, registrados no CRO-MG e domiciliados em Belo Horizonte, receberam o instrumento de coleta de dados. Desse universo, 69 (29,11%) responderam e devolveram os questionários. Dos 69 respondentes, 57,97% eram do gênero masculino e 42,03% do feminino. Em relação às instituições onde esses profissionais se graduaram, constatou-se que 52,17% deles se formaram em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas. Observou-se que 34,78% dos ortodontistas concluíram a especialização entre 5 e 10 anos após o término da graduação. A maioria dos profissionais (94,2%) registra nos prontuários as quebras dos acessórios ortodônticos utilizados pelos pacientes e 53,62% desses ortodontistas arquivam, por todo o período de atividade profissional, a documentação ortodôntica dos pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: por intermédio desse estudo, ficou evidente que alguns parâmetros de análise foram bastante satisfatórios, como: a existência de modelos contratuais para a prestação de serviços, a comunicação com os pacientes e/ou os responsáveis por eles em caso de abandono de tratamento, o arquivo da documentação ortodôntica e o registro, no prontuário, de quebras e danos de acessórios ortodônticos. Contudo, algumas práticas ainda precisam ser adotadas, tais como: coleta da assinatura dos pacientes em caso de danos em acessórios ortodônticos e arquivo de cópia de prescrição medicamentosa e atestados.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to acquire knowledge about the key legal aspects of orthodontic practice, which may be used as important defense tools in the event of ethical and/or legal actions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with dentists in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, by means of a specific instrument (questionnaire) addressing the ethical and legal disputes that involve the orthodontic specialty. Participants were asked to fill out the following questionnaire fields: personal identification, academic background, orthodontic accessories, oral hygiene, treatment plan, service provision, orthodontic documentation, drug prescription and forms of communication with patients, among others. RESULTS: A total of 237 orthodontists, all members of the Regional Council of Dentistry, Minas Gerais State (CRO-MG) and living in Belo Horizonte, were given the data collection instrument. Out of this total, 69 (29.11%) answered and returned the questionnaires. Of the 69 respondents, 57.97% were male and 42.03% female. It was found that 52.17% of these professionals graduated from Higher Education Institutions (ISEs). It was observed that 34.78% of these orthodontists completed specialization between 5 and 10 years after graduation. Most professionals (94.2%) enter into their medical records information about any damage caused to the orthodontic accessories used by their patients and 53.62% of the orthodontists keep their patients' orthodontic documentation on file throughout their active professional life. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that some analysis parameters were very satisfactory, such as: the availability of service provision contract models, communication with patients and/or their lawful guardians in case of abandonment of treatment, orthodontic documentation files and the entering into the dental records of information concerning the breakage of and damage to orthodontic accessories. However, some practices have yet to be adopted, such as: patient signature should be collected in the event of damage to orthodontic accessories and copies of drug prescriptions and certificates should be kept on file.

Fissuras do lábio e/ou palato representam as anomalias congênitas craniofaciais mais comuns. OBJETIVO: Avaliar fatores de risco ambientais em pacientes com fissuras lábio-palatinas não-sindrômicas, em um Serviço de Minas Gerais. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: Realizou-se estudo caso-controle, avaliando 100 crianças com fissuras e 100 crianças sem alterações clínicas. As dimensões de análise (idade, cor de pele, sexo, classificação das fissuras, idade materna e paterna, ordem de paridade e intervalo interpartal) foram obtidas a partir de um questionário, sendo posteriormente construído banco de dados e as análises realizadas pelo programa SPSS 17.0. Os resultados foram analisados com risco relativo para cada variável, para estimar odds ratios com intervalo de confiança de 95% seguido de análise bivariada e multivariada. RESULTADOS: Entre as 200 crianças, 54% foram do sexo masculino e 46% do feminino. Com relação à cor da pele, houve predomínio de parda, branca e preta, respectivamente. Entre os tipos de fissuras, as mais comuns foram as fissuras lábio-palatinas (54%), seguidas pela fissura labial (30%) e fissura palatina (16%). CONCLUSÃO: Embora com uma população limitada, verificou-se associação entre idade materna e risco aumentado para fissuras lábio-palatinas, porém idade paterna, ordem de paridade e intervalo interpartal não foram significantes.Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies. AIM: To evaluate environmental risk factors for non-syndromic CL/P in a reference care center in Minas Gerais. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we carried out a case-controlled study, assessing 100 children with clefts and 100 children without clinical alterations. The analysis dimensions (age, skin color, gender, fissure classification, maternal and paternal age, birth order and interpregnancy interval), obtained from a questionnaire; and later we build a data base and the analyses were carried out by the SPSS 17.0 software. The results were analyzed with the relative risk for each variable, in order to estimate the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval, followed by a bivariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: among 200 children, 54% were males and 46% were females. As far as skin color is concerned most were brown, white and black, respectively. Cleft palates were the most common fissures found (54%), followed by lip cleft (30%) and palate cleft (16%). CONCLUSION: although with a limited sample, we noticed an association between maternal age and an increased risk for cleft lip and palate; however, paternal age, pregnancy order and interpregnancy interval were not significant.

Esclerose tuberosa é uma condição rara e autossômica dominante. Miofibroblastos são células que exibem fenótipo híbrido entre fibroblastos e células musculares lisas. O objetivo deste caso clínico é mostrar as características clínicas e histopatológicas da esclerose tuberosa e avaliar miofibroblastos nos angiofibromas cutâneos dessa condição. Lesões removidas foram coradas em HE e tricrômico de Masson. Para determinar a presença de miofibroblastos foi usada imunoistoquímica para α-SMA. Essa reação mostrou-se negativa para miofibroblastos. Como α-SMA é um marcador específico para essas células, esse resultado sugere que miofibroblastos não estejam envolvidos com os angiofibromas da esclerose tuberosa descrita.Tuberous sclerosis is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. Myofibroblasts are cells with a hybrid phenotype between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. The objective of this study is to describe clinical and histopathological characteristics of tuberous sclerosis and to conduct an immunohistochemical evaluation of myofibroblasts in cutaneous angiofibromas present in this condition. Lesion sections removed were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. Immunohistochemistry against α-SMA was done to determine the presence of myofibroblasts, and the reaction was negative. Since α-SMA is a specific marker for myofibroblasts, this result suggests that myofibroblasts are not involved in cutaneous angiofibromas present in the tuberous sclerosis case reported.

Fissuras do lábio e/ou palato (FL/P) representam as anomalias congênitas crânio-facial mais comuns. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as técnicas cirúrgicas correntes na reabilitação de FL/P em um Serviço de referência no Estado de Minas Gerais. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, 2002 a 2007, avaliando 109 portadores de FL/P não sindrômicas que tiveram o tratamento concluído. As dimensões de análise (identificação pessoal, classificação das FL/P e tratamento cirúrgico realizado) foram obtidas a partir dos prontuários, sendo posteriormente construído banco de dados e as análises estatísticas realizadas pelo programa SPSS 13.0. Seguiu-se análise descritiva dos procedimentos cirúrgicos em função do tipo de FL/P encontrada. RESULTADOS: Entre os 109 pacientes, 65,1% foram do gênero masculino e 34,8% do feminino. Verificou-se que 45% dos pacientes apresentaram fissuras lábio-palatinas, 37,6% fissuras labiais e 17,4% fissuras palatinas. As técnicas correntes empregadas foram as de Millard e Spina para as queiloplastias, McComb para as rinoplastias e as de Veau e Van Langenbeeck para as palatoplastias. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo é o primeiro a abordar reabilitação em FL/P em Minas Gerais. Nas FL/P unilaterais houve a associação das técnicas de McComb, Veau e Millard, respectivamente, para rinoplastia, palatoplastia e queiloplastia, em 76,9% dos pacientes.Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) are the most common congenital anomalies of the craniofacial region. AIM: to evaluate the surgical techniques used in CL/P treatment in a craniofacial deformities ward, in Minas Gerais. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, carried out between 2002 and 2007, we studied 109 individuals with non-syndromic CL/P submitted to treatment. The aspects analyzed (personal identification, classification of CL/P and surgical treatment performed) were obtained from patient charts, and then we built a database and ran statistical analyses through the SPSS 13.0 software. Followed by descriptive analysis of the surgical procedures depending on the type of CL/P found. RESULTS: Among the 109 patients, 65.1% were males and 34.8% females. We found that 45% of patients had cleft lip and palate, 37.6% cleft lip only and 17.4% cleft palate only. The surgical techniques employed were predominantly those from Millard and Spina for cheiloplasty, McComb for rhinoplasty and, Veau and Van Langenbeeck for palatoplasty. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to address treatment procedures for individuals with CL/P in the state of Minas Gerais. For unilateral CL/P we predominantly used the association of McComb, Veau and Millard techniques, respectively, for rhinoplasty, palatoplasty and cheiloplasty, in 76.9% of the patients.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes ofídicos da macrorregião de saúde do Norte do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram analisadas informações sobre os acidentes ofídicos relativos ao período compreendido entre janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2006, por meio de bancos de dados. Os resultados demonstraram 10.553 casos notificados, com ênfase para a maior casuística em meses de tempo quente e chuvoso, em áreas urbanas (54,1%), faixa etária menor de 20 anos (39,7%), acometendo mais homens e estudantes (53,1% e 29,1%) respectivamente. Os membros inferiores (pé, dedo do pé, perna e coxa) foram os locais mais afetados (35,9%), as serpentes prevalentes foram do gênero Bothrops (82,9%) e a gravidade da maioria dos acidentes foi leve (66,2%). Observou-se nesse estudo um importante impacto da sazonalidade, urbanização, subnotificação das espécies envolvidas nesses acidentes e busca rápida pelo pronto atendimento. Espera-se que os dados inéditos da casuística obtida possam servir de substrato para o planejamento e execução de medidas voltadas para vigilância em saúde e atendimento.The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of snakebite accidents in the healthcare macroregion of the north of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Database information on snakebite accidents covering the period from January 2002 to December 2006 was analyzed. It was found that 10,553 cases were notified, and that the samples were noticeably larger in the months of hot and rainy weather, in urban areas (54.1%), at ages less then 20 years (39.7%) and among men and students (53.1% and 29.1%) respectively. The lower limbs (feet, toes, legs and thighs) were the locations most affected (35.9%). The most prevalent snakes were in the genus Bothrops (82.9%) and most of the accidents were mild (66.2%). In this study, it was seen that the seasonality, urbanization and undernotification of the species involved in these accidents had a notable impact, along with seeking walk-in care. It is expected that the new data obtained from this sample may serve as the substrate for planning and implementing measures for healthcare surveillance.

Abstract Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most prevalent genetic disease worldwide. Recurrent vaso-occlusive infarcts predispose SCA patients to infections, which are the primary causes of morbidly and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SCA and endodontic diseases. Personal information, medical data (hematological indices, virologic testing, blood transfusions, medications received, splenectomy) and information on the need for endodontic treatment were obtained from SCA patients who were registered and followed up by the Fundação Hemominas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.These data were compared with the need for root canal treatment in SCA patients. One hundred eight patients comprised the studied population, and the rate of the need for endodontic therapy was 10.2%. Among the medical data, a significant difference was observed for eosinophil (p = 0.045) counts and atypical lymphocyte counts (p = 0.036) when the groups (with and without the need for endodontic treatment) were compared. Statistical relevance was observed when comparing the patients with and without the need for root canal therapy concerned eosinophil counts and atypical lymphocyte counts. The differences in statistical medical data, observed between the groups suggest that both parameters are naturally connected to the stimulation of the immune system that can occur in the presence of root canal infections and that can be harmful to SCA individuals.

Aim: To describe the demographic characteristics and academic production of the National Council for the Development of Science and Technology (CNPq) researchers whose areas of expertise focus on dental materials. Methods: Secondary data were obtained from the details of dentistry researchers registered as receiving a CNPq grant for scientific productivity. Variables such as gender, category of scientific productivity grant, time of completion of PhD program, geographical distribution and affiliated institution, scientific production and human resources training were analyzed. Data from 2007-2009 triennium were considered. Mann-Whitney and chisquare tests compared the variables. Results: Researchers in categories 1A + 1B are those who completed their PhD program more than 14 years ago. All (100%) of dental material researchers are dentists and affiliated to universities, being approximately 92% of those affiliated to public institutions. Male gender (62.2%) and category 2 grant (40.5%) are prevalent, and a high concentration of CNPq grantees in the southeastern region (75.7%) was observed. In general, there was a predominance of publications in CAPES Qualis B journals (59.0%), but a predominance of publications by new doctors in CAPES Qualis A2 and B1 journals was found. A higher mean of publications of book chapters (0.97) compared with full publications of books (0.43) per researcher was observed. Annually, researchers supervised more scientific initiation grants (median = 0.45), followed by doctoral (mean = 0.36) and master students (median = 0.30). Conclusions: There is a high concentration of researchers in the southeastern region, predominance of male gender and scholars in grant category 2. Publications are mainly in CAPES Qualis B journals. and researchers in grant categories 1C and 1D and with less time doctoral produce more publications. The publication of books chapters is larger than entire books. The researchers supervised more undergraduate students, followed by PhD and master’s degree students annually

Cysticercosis rarely involves the oral region in humans, although is a common disease in developing countries. In this report we document a case of oral cysticercosis in a 7-year-old boy who sought treatment for an asymptomatic nodule of the right buccal mucosa. Histopathologic findings of the excised cyst are diagnostic of the lesion.