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Nine experienced university pre-service teacher educators used a collaborative autoethnography method to reflect on what they say to students on the first day of new classes and how their performance sets up the semester. Our group exchanges provided an opportunity to express long-developing values and practices embedded in individual's teaching craft. The exchanges were often revelatory to other participants unfamiliar with the performative day-one interactions for start-of-semester classes that their colleagues had developed in different teaching specialities. Narratives of practice, experience and philosophies of class management are present in these conversations about applying pedagogical strategies. The shared accounts revealed skills developed experimentally over many semester-starts to achieve successful class management. The accounts demonstrated a range of interwoven practices individual pre-service teacher educators emphasised in engaging students: what the educators said and how they positioned their opening statements and actions for students at the start of each new semester.

This research examined longitudinal profiles for parental involvement in shared reading with children from age 2 to 6 years. Associations of the profiles with sociodemographics were explored, as well as associations with children's achievement in Year 3 at school. Data were drawn from "Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children" for 3,836 children in the Baby Cohort. Three longitudinal profiles were identified: (1) high-stable involvement, (2) medium-stable involvement, and (3) low-increasing involvement. Profile membership was distinguished by: child Indigenous status and non-English language at home, family socioeconomic position, number of siblings at home, and child's early self-regulation. Membership in the low-increasing involvement group was associated with the likelihood of not attaining Australian minimum standards for reading, writing, and numeracy. Membership in the medium-stable involvement group was associated with the likelihood of not attaining minimum standards for reading.

This study examined the socio-demographic factors associated with trajectories of parental involvement in shared book reading and other home activities for children aged 2-6 years. The study uses data from 3836 families participating in "Growing up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children." Latent growth curve models were estimated to describe associations between trajectories of parental involvement, socio-demographic factors, and children's learning outcomes. Higher levels of parental involvement at 2 years were associated with better learning outcomes at 6 years. On average, the frequency of parental involvement in home learning activities decreased over time. Family socio-economic disadvantage and being a male child were associated with lower levels of parental involvement at age 2 years, and more rapid decreases in parental involvement in home activities over time. Continued attention is needed to identify effective strategies that can address inequalities in children's home learning opportunities before children begin school.

The aim of the current study was to understand service users' experiences at a recently established student-led interprofessional neurodevelopmental clinic for children and adolescents with suspected or confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure. Semi-structured interviews were completed at 3-months post-clinic attendance with 10 service users: eight parents/caregivers and two youth workers/case managers. Interview data were analysed thematically using NVivo12. Four main themes were developed: (1) clinic attendance seen as a positive event; (2) validation, clarification, and relief, but also challenges post-assessment; (3) need for further support and importance of advocacy; and (4) drawing on lived experiences for future service improvements. The current study demonstrated that service users reported benefits from tailored services delivered by student practitioners that were validating, supportive, and holistic. Findings from the current study can inform the development and implementation of future innovative service delivery models for individuals with suspected or confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure. People with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) can experience a range of neurocognitive impairments that impact their day-to-day living. Access to assessment, early diagnosis, and appropriate supports are important protective factors associated with improved outcomes for individuals with FASD. Results highlighted the benefits to rehabilitation professionals of listening to service users to understand the complexity of their lived experiences, including how this information can be used to improve service design and delivery. Results also highlighted the potential role of incorporating student-led clinics within models of healthcare and rehabilitation service delivery. Utilising student-led clinics can help to increase access to specialised services for underserved groups in our community, combat shortages in the health workforce, reduce burden on the public health system, and educate the future of rehabilitation professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals experiencing body dissatisfaction have poorer health outcomes in part due to engaging in less physical activity. Body appreciation is protective of health behaviors and proposed to be conceptually different from body dissatisfaction. Two studies evaluated whether body appreciation and dissatisfaction represented two distinct dimensions, and whether body appreciation and dissatisfaction would interact in their effect on activity-related motivation and behavior. Study 1 (n = 313) was prospective and utilized a self-report measure of physical activity whereas Study 2 (n = 123) was prospective and used an objective measure. All hypotheses and analyses were pre-registered. A multiverse approach was taken to demonstrate the robustness of results. In exploratory factor analyses, body appreciation and dissatisfaction did not represent two distinct dimensions of body image as both loaded onto the same factor. This result was largely supported by latent profile analyses, which revealed that participants scored high, moderate, or low on both body satisfaction and appreciation. Additionally, body appreciation did not buffer the negative impact of body dissatisfaction on activity-related motivation and behavior. This study provides the first statistical evaluation of the theoretical proposition that body appreciation and dissatisfaction may be distinct constructs with distinct relationships to outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under‐ice photoautotrophs in lakes are generally considered to be limited by light rather than nutrients. Despite reduced light intensity under the ice, there is increasing evidence that suggests some lakes support high levels of photoautotrophs. We explored how snow cover (i.e., light) and nutrients (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) influence ice‐associated photoautotroph growth in a Minnesota, USA lake. Using a novel under‐ice approach, we deployed nutrient diffusing substrates (single or combined nutrient amendments) under two different light scenarios (snow covered, reduced light; snow removed, increased light) near the water‐ice interface to mimic a range of conditions ice‐associated photoautotrophs may be exposed to. Natural snow cover reduced light compared with snow removal, particularly early in the experiment before snow began to melt. When comparing photoautotroph chlorophyll a (Chl a) between snow treatments, we found a significant snow effect with higher concentrations in the snow removed treatment. We also found a significant nutrient effect, for all nutrient treatments, on Chl a concentrations in both snow conditions. The effect of any nutrient treatment on Chl a concentrations was similar. Our results suggest that ice‐associated photoautotrophs were able to grow in all snow conditions, but snow removal resulted in higher growth and nutrient availability also mediated responses. Thus, both light and nutrient conditions in the winter may strongly affect ice‐associated photoautotroph dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, intensive care units (ICUs) around the world have been pushed to their limits as they grapple with the effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus. Identifying prognostic factors that influence mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU could offer valuable insights for clinicians seeking to prevent disease progression. A retrospective analysis was conducted on COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between January and September 2020. The analysis considered patient demographics, comorbidities, neurological and non-neurological symptoms, as well as laboratory markers. The multivariate logistic regression analysis aims to uncover associations between these factors and patient outcomes. Of the 387 patients included in this study, nearly half (48.5%) of the ICU patients succumbed to COVID-19. Factors that contributed to increased mortality included being 60 years of age or older, impaired consciousness, lung disease, elevated international normalized ratio (INR), and elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Surprisingly, symptoms such as dizziness/lightheadedness, myalgia, and headache were associated with a higher likelihood of survival. In addition, elevated D-dimer and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as lymphopenia, were more commonly observed in deceased patients. The study concluded that those who died in the ICU tended to be older, white, and burdened with more comorbidities and impaired consciousness. With the intriguing link between specific symptoms and survival, further research is essential to uncover the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that influence ICU patient outcomes in the context of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]