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1. Detector Systems Engineering for Extremely Large Instruments

Author

George, Elizabeth M., Bezawada, Naidu, Ives, Derek, Mehrgan, Leander, Accardo, Matteo, Alvarez, Domingo, Brinkmann, Martin, Conzelmann, Ralf, Cumani, Claudio, Downing, Mark, Engelhardt, Max, Haug, Marcus, Hopgood, Joshua, Geimer, Christoph, Iwert, Olaf, Klein, Barbara, Mandla, Christopher, Müller, Eric, Ramsay, Suzanne, Reyes, Javier, Richerzhagen, Mathias, Serra, Benoît, Seidel, Matthias, Stegmeier, Jörg, and Todorovic, Mirko

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The scientific detector systems for the ESO ELT first-light instruments, HARMONI, MICADO, and METIS, together will require 27 science detectors: seventeen 2.5 $\mu$m cutoff H4RG-15 detectors, four 4K x 4K 231-84 CCDs, five 5.3 $\mu$m cutoff H2RG detectors, and one 13.5 $\mu$m cutoff GEOSNAP detector. This challenging program of scientific detector system development covers everything from designing and producing state-of-the-art detector control and readout electronics, to developing new detector characterization techniques in the lab, to performance modeling and final system verification. We report briefly on the current design of these detector systems and developments underway to meet the challenging scientific performance goals of the ELT instruments., Comment: Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation Conference 2020

Published
2020
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2. Multiple Star Systems in the Orion Nebula

Author

GRAVITY collaboration, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, António, Anugu, Narsireddy, Ávila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Bland, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti o, Chapron, Frédéric, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gandron, Éric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grözinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haußmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kandrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Köhler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mérand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramírez, Andrés, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schöller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gérard

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium Cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observe a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori B, $\theta ^2$ Ori B, and $\theta ^2$ Ori C. We determine a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori A, $\theta ^1$ Ori C, $\theta ^1$ Ori D, and $\theta ^2$ Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refine the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary $\theta ^1$ Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for $\theta ^1$ Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 $M_{\odot}$ and a period of $53$ days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about 2, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints towards a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We exclude collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2018
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3. The metrology system of the VLTI instrument GRAVITY

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, Gillessen, Stefan, Blind, Nicolas, Kok, Yipting, Yazici, Senol, Weber, Johannes, Pfuhl, Oliver, Haug, Marcus, Kellner, Stefan, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Hans, Oliver, Haussmann, Frank, Huber, David, Kratschmann, Tobias, Ott, Thomas, Plattner, Markus, Rau, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Waisberg, Idel, Wiezorrek, Erich, Perrin, Guy, Perraut, Karine, Brandner, Wolfgang, Straubmeier, Christian, and Amorim, Antonio

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The VLTI instrument GRAVITY combines the beams from four telescopes and provides phase-referenced imaging as well as precision-astrometry of order 10 microarcseconds by observing two celestial objects in dual-field mode. Their angular separation can be determined from their differential OPD (dOPD) when the internal dOPDs in the interferometer are known. Here, we present the general overview of the novel metrology system which performs these measurements. The metrology consists of a three-beam laser system and a homodyne detection scheme for three-beam interference using phase-shifting interferometry in combination with lock-in amplifiers. Via this approach the metrology system measures dOPDs on a nanometer-level., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016
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4. The GRAVITY instrument software / High-level software

Author

Burtscher, Leonard, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Ott, Thomas, Kok, Yitping, Yazici, Senol, Anugu, Narsireddy, Dembet, Roderick, Fedou, Pierre, Lacour, Sylvestre, Ott, Juergen, Paumard, Thibaut, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Kervella, Pierre, Abuter, Roberto, Pozna, Eszter, Eisenhauer, Frank, Blind, Nicolas, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Hans, Oliver, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Kellner, Stefan, Lippa, Magdalena, Pfuhl, Oliver, Sturm, Eckhard, Weber, Johannes, Amorim, Antonio, Brandner, Wolfgang, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy S., Straubmeier, Christian, and Schoeller, Markus

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

GRAVITY is the four-beam, near- infrared, AO-assisted, fringe tracking, astrometric and imaging instrument for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). It is requiring the development of one of the most complex instrument software systems ever built for an ESO instrument. Apart from its many interfaces and interdependencies, one of the most challenging aspects is the overall performance and stability of this complex system. The three infrared detectors and the fast reflective memory network (RMN) recorder contribute a total data rate of up to 20 MiB/s accumulating to a maximum of 250 GiB of data per night. The detectors, the two instrument Local Control Units (LCUs) as well as the five LCUs running applications under TAC (Tools for Advanced Control) architecture, are interconnected with fast Ethernet, RMN fibers and dedicated fiber connections as well as signals for the time synchronization. Here we give a simplified overview of all subsystems of GRAVITY and their interfaces and discuss two examples of high-level applications during observations: the acquisition procedure and the gathering and merging of data to the final FITS file., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, published in Proc. SPIE 9146, Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV, 91462B

Published
2015
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5. Status of the ELT phasing and diagnostic station project

Author

Egner, Sébastien E., Roberts, Scott, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, Pfrommer, Thomas, Lewis, Steffan, Abad, Jose Antonio, Araujo Hauck, Constanza, Bedigan, Helen, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brinkmann, Martin, Calmette, Elsa, Cortes, Angela, Engler, Byron, Frank, Christoph, Gago, Fernando, Grudzien, Thomas, Guidolin, Ivan Maria, Haimerl, Andreas, Hammersley, Peter, Haug, Marcus, Hinterschuster, Renate, Huber, Stefan, Jolley, Paul, Kellerer, Aglae, Kiekebusch, Mario, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolmeder, Johannes, Kosmalski, Johan, Lampater, Ulrich, La Penna, Paolo, Leveratto, Serban, Lucuix, Christian, Lopez Gil, Ignacio, Mandla, Christopher, Marchetti, Enrico, Moins, Christophe, Paufique, Jerome, Pfuhl, Oliver, Popovic, Dan, Sedghi, Babak, Tordo, Sebastien, Verinaud, Christophe, and Zuluaga, Pablo

Published
2024
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6. The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: overview of the near infrared mosaic detector subsystem

Author

Holland, Andrew D., Minoglou, Kyriaki, Bezawada, Naidu, Haug, Marcus, Klein, Barbara, Brinkmann, Martin, Müller, Eric, Ives, Derek, George, Elizabeth, Serra, Benoit, Alvarez, Domingo, Mehrgan, Leander, Richerzhagen, Matthias, Seidel, Mathias, Stegmeier, Jörg, Todorovic, Mirko, Biondi, Federico, Davies, Ric, Emslander, Andreas, Sönmez, Aysun, Kravchenko, Kateryna, Rabien, Sebastian, Ziegleder, Julian, Jilg, Tilo, and Neumeier, Luis

Published
2024
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7. Infrared detectors for first generation extremely large telescope instruments and their characterization program

Author

Bezawada, Naidu, primary, George, Elizabeth, additional, Ives, Derek, additional, Alvarez, Domingo, additional, Serra, Benoit, additional, Mehrgan, Leander, additional, Müller, Eric, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Leveratto, Serban, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Guzman, Ronald, additional, Guidolin, Ivan, additional, Jost, Andreas, additional, Popovic, Dan, additional, Moins, Christophe, additional, Klein, Barbara, additional, Conzelmann, Ralf, additional, Accardo, Matteo, additional, and Brinkmann, Martin, additional

Published
2023
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8. CRIRES+ on sky: high spectral resolution at infrared wavelength enabling better science at the ESO VLT

Author

Dorn, Reinhold J., primary, Bristow, Paul, additional, Smoker, Jonathan, additional, Rodler, Florian, additional, Accardo, Matteo, additional, Baruffolo, Andrea, additional, Cumani, Claudio, additional, Haimerl, Andreas, additional, Hatzes, Artie, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Heiter, Ulrike, additional, Hinterschuster, Renate, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Ives, Derek, additional, Jones, Matias, additional, Jung, Yves, additional, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, additional, Klein, Barbara, additional, Köhler, Jana, additional, Korhonen, Heidi H., additional, Lavail, Alexis, additional, Marquart, Thomas, additional, Moins, Christophe, additional, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, additional, Oliva, Ernesto, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Paufique, Jérôme, additional, Piskunov, Nikolai, additional, Reiners, Ansgar, additional, Schneller, Dominik, additional, Schmutzer, Ricardo, additional, Seemann, Ulf, additional, Slumstrup, Ditte, additional, Smette, Alain, additional, Stegmeier, Jörg, additional, Stempels, Eric, additional, Tordo, Sébastien, additional, Valenti, Elena, additional, Valenzuela, Jose Javier, additional, and Vernet, Joël, additional

Published
2022
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9. ESO ELT: vibration performance and budget verification: measured equipment data as input to telescope model

Author

Sedghi, Babak, primary, Zuluaga Ramirez, Pablo, additional, Pilbauer, Dan, additional, Leveratto, Serban, additional, Lampater, Ulrich, additional, Müller, Michael, additional, Jakob, Gerd, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Accardo, Matteo, additional, Lammen, Yannick, additional, Abad-Pastor, Jose Antonio, additional, and González Herrera, Juan Carlos, additional

Published
2022
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10. CRIRES+ on sky : High spectral resolution at infrared wavelength enabling better science at the ESO VLT

Author

Dorn, Reinhold J., Bristow, Paul, Smoker, Jonathan, Rodler, Florian, Accardo, Matteo, Van den Ancker, Mario, Baruffolo, Andrea, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Blanco, Leonardo, Brucalassi, Anna, Cumani, Claudio, Haimerl, Andreas, Hatzes, Artie, Haug, Marcus, Heiter, Ulrike, Hinterschuster, Renate, Hubin, Norbert, Ives, Derek J., Jung, Yves, Jones, Matias, Kirchbauer, Jean Paul, Klein, Barbara, Korhonen, Heidi Helena, Koehler, Jana, Lavail, Alexis, Lizon, Jean Louis, Moins, Christophe, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, Marquart, Thomas, Oliva, Ernesto, Pallanca, Laurent, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jerome, Piskunov, Nikolai, Reiners, Ansgar, Schneller, Dominik, Schmutzer, Ricardo, Seemann, Ulf, Slumstrup, Ditte, Smette, Alain, Stegmeier, Joerg, Stempels, Eric, Tordo, Sebastien, Valenti, Elena, Valenzuela, Jose Javier, Vernet, Joel, Dorn, Reinhold J., Bristow, Paul, Smoker, Jonathan, Rodler, Florian, Accardo, Matteo, Van den Ancker, Mario, Baruffolo, Andrea, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Blanco, Leonardo, Brucalassi, Anna, Cumani, Claudio, Haimerl, Andreas, Hatzes, Artie, Haug, Marcus, Heiter, Ulrike, Hinterschuster, Renate, Hubin, Norbert, Ives, Derek J., Jung, Yves, Jones, Matias, Kirchbauer, Jean Paul, Klein, Barbara, Korhonen, Heidi Helena, Koehler, Jana, Lavail, Alexis, Lizon, Jean Louis, Moins, Christophe, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, Marquart, Thomas, Oliva, Ernesto, Pallanca, Laurent, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jerome, Piskunov, Nikolai, Reiners, Ansgar, Schneller, Dominik, Schmutzer, Ricardo, Seemann, Ulf, Slumstrup, Ditte, Smette, Alain, Stegmeier, Joerg, Stempels, Eric, Tordo, Sebastien, Valenti, Elena, Valenzuela, Jose Javier, and Vernet, Joel

Abstract

CRIRES+ extended the capabilities of CRIRES, the CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph. It transformed this VLT instrument into a cross-dispersed spectrograph to increase the wavelength range that is covered simultaneously by a factor of ten. In addition, a new detector focal plane array of three Hawaii 2RG detectors with a 5.3 mu m cut-off wavelength replaced the existing detectors. Amongst many other improvements a new spectropolarimetric unit was added and the calibration system has been enhanced. The instrument was installed at the VLT on Unit Telescope 3 beginning of 2020 and successfully commissioned and verified for science operations during 2021, partly remote from Europe due to the pandemic. The instrument was subsequently offered to the community from October 2021 onwards. This article describes the performance and capabilities of this development and presents on sky results.

Published
2022
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12. Successful cardiac transplantation in an HIV-1-infected patient with advanced disease

Author

Calabrese, Leonard H., Albrecht, Mary, Young, James, McCarthy, Patrick, Haug, Marcus, Jarcho, John, and Zackin, Robert

Subjects
HIV patients -- Care and treatment, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated -- Care and treatment, Heart -- Transplantation
Abstract

Doctors report the two-year follow-up of a man with advanced HIV infection who received a heart transplant. His HIV infection was successfully treated with drugs, but he also received chemotherapy for Kaposi's sarcoma. His doctors believe the chemotherapy caused his heart disease.

Published
2003

13. Detector systems engineering for extremely large instruments

Author

George, Elizabeth M., primary, Bezawada, Naidu N., additional, Ives, Derek J., additional, Mehrgan, Leander, additional, Accardo, Matteo, additional, Alvarez, Domingo, additional, Brinkmann, Martin, additional, Conzelmann, Ralf, additional, Cumani, Claudio, additional, Downing, Mark, additional, Engelhardt, Max, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Hopgood, Joshua, additional, Geimer, Christoph, additional, Iwert, Olaf, additional, Klein, Barbara, additional, Mandla, Christopher, additional, Mueller, Eric, additional, Ramsay, Suzanne, additional, Reyes, Javier, additional, Richerzhagen, Matthias, additional, Serra, Benoît, additional, Seidel, Matthias, additional, Stegmeier, Joerg, additional, and Todorovic, Mirko, additional

Published
2020
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15. CRIRES+on sky: high spectral resolution at infrared wavelength enabling better science at the ESO VLT

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Dorn, Reinhold J., Bristow, Paul, Smoker, Jonathan, Rodler, Florian, Accardo, Matteo, Baruffolo, Andrea, Cumani, Claudio, Haimerl, Andreas, Hatzes, Artie, Haug, Marcus, Heiter, Ulrike, Hinterschuster, Renate, Hubin, Norbert, Ives, Derek, Jones, Matias, Jung, Yves, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Klein, Barbara, Köhler, Jana, Korhonen, Heidi H., Lavail, Alexis, Marquart, Thomas, Moins, Christophe, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, Oliva, Ernesto, Pallanca, Laurent, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jerome, Piskunov, Nikolai, Reiners, Ansgar, Schneller, Dominik, Schmutzer, Ricardo, Seemann, Ulf, Slumstrup, Ditte, Smette, Alain, Stegmeier, Jörg, Stempels, Eric, Tordo, Sebastien, Valenti, Elena, Valenzuela, Jose Javier, and Vernet, Joel

Published
2022
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16. VALGANCICLOVIR-ASSOCIATED NEUTROPENIA IN LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

Author

Chapman, Jeffrey, Budev, Marie, Stevens, Keith, Mehta, Atul, Githaiga, Andrew N., Minai, Omar, Haug, Marcus, Blazey, Holli, Evans-Walker, Tracy, Cwalina, Mike, Alster, Joan, Stephany, Brian, Al-Alao, Bashar, Danziger-Isakov, Lara, Pettersson, Gosta, Mossad, Sherif, and Avery, Robin

Published
2006

25. Imagerie spectro-interférométrique du noyau de η Car avec l'instrument GRAVITY : images de la zone de collision de vent dans les raies Br γ et He I avec une résolution de la milli-seconde d'arc

Author

Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Weigelt, Gerd, Bestenlehner, Joachim M., Kervella, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Henning, Thomas, Müller, André, Perrin, Guy, Pott, Jorg-Uwe, Schöller, Markus, Van Boekel, Roy, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caratti O Garatti, Alessio, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Élodie, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coude Du Foresto, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Garcia, Paulo J. V., Garcia-Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Huber, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johann, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Mérand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Muller, Ewald, Muller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Oliver, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose Ricardo, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), CENTRA Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), University of Exeter, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Leiden University, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), European Space Agency (Baltimore) Space Telescope Science Institute (ESA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Universidade do Porto, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
INSTRUMENTATION: HAUTE RESOLUTION ANGULAIRE, IMAGERIE STELLAIRE, BINARY STAR, MASS LOSS, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION, INSTRUMENTATION: INTERFEROMETRES, ETOILE: PERTE DE MASSE, STAR IMAGING, INTERFEROMETER, ETOILES BINAIRES, MASSIVE STAR, ETOILES MASSIVES
Abstract

International audience; Context. η Car is one of the most intriguing luminous blue variables in the Galaxy. Observations and models of the X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and infrared emission suggest a central binary in a highly eccentric orbit with a 5.54 yr period residing in its core. 2D and 3D radiative transfer and hydrodynamic simulations predict a primary with a dense and slow stellar wind that interacts with the faster and lower density wind of the secondary. The wind-wind collision scenario suggests that the secondary’s wind penetrates the primary’s wind creating a low-density cavity in it, with dense walls where the two winds interact. However, the morphology of the cavity and its physical properties are not yet fully constrained.Aims. We aim to trace the inner ∼5–50 au structure of η Car’s wind-wind interaction, as seen through Brγ and, for the first time, through the He I 2s-2p line.Methods. We have used spectro-interferometric observations with the K-band beam-combiner GRAVITY at the VLTI. The analyses of the data include (i) parametrical model-fitting to the interferometric observables, (ii) a CMFGEN model of the source’s spectrum, and (iii) interferometric image reconstruction.Results. Our geometrical modeling of the continuum data allows us to estimate its FWHM angular size close to 2 mas and an elongation ratio ϵ = 1.06 ± 0.05 over a PA = 130° ± 20°. Our CMFGEN modeling of the spectrum helped us to confirm that the role of the secondary should be taken into account to properly reproduce the observed Brγ and He I lines. Chromatic images across the Brγ line reveal a southeast arc-like feature, possibly associated to the hot post-shocked winds flowing along the cavity wall. The images of the He I 2s-2p line served to constrain the 20 mas (∼50 au) structure of the line-emitting region. The observed morphology of He I suggests that the secondary is responsible for the ionized material that produces the line profile. Both the Brγ and the He I 2s-2p maps are consistent with previous hydrodynamical models of the colliding wind scenario. Future dedicated simulations together with an extensive interferometric campaign are necessary to refine our constraints on the wind and stellar parameters of the binary, which finally will help us predict the evolutionary path of η Car.; Contexte : η Car est une des étoiles brillantes bleues variables les plus intrigante de notre galaxie. Les observations et les modèles des émissions X, UV et optique et IR suggèrent qu'une étoile binaire avec une orbite fortement excentrique de période 5,54 ans réside au centre de son coeur. Les simulations hydrodynamiques et de transfert radiatif 2D et 3D prédisent la présence d'une étoile primaire avec vent stellaire dense et lent, qui interagit avec le vent de densité moindre et plus rapide de l'étoile secondaire. Ce scénario de collision vent-vent suggère que le vent de l'étoile secondaire pénètre dans le vent de l'étoile primaire, créant dans ce dernier une cavité de faible densité, avec des murs denses où les deux vents interagissent. Cependant, la morphologie de cette cavité et ses propriétés physiques ne sont pas encore pleinement contraints.Objectifs. Nous visons à déterminer la structure interne de l’interaction vent-vent de Car dans une zone allant de 5 à 50 Unités Astronomiques, telle que vue à travers Br γ et, pour la première fois, à travers la transition 2s-2p de He I.Méthodes : Nous avons utilisé des observations spectro-interférométriques du combineur de faisceaux en bande K de GRAVITY au VLTI. Les analyses des données comprennent: (i) un ajustement de modèle paramétrique aux observables interférométriques, (ii) un modèle CMFGEN du spectre de la source, et (iii) des reconstructions d'image interférométriques.Résultats : Notre modélisation géométrique des données du continuum nous permet d'estimer sa taille angulaire FWHM proche de 2 mas et son coefficient d'allongement de 1,06 ± 0,05 sur un PA = 130° ± 20°. Notre modélisation CMFGEN du spectre nous a permis de confirmer que le rôle de l'étoile secondaire devrait être pris en compte pour reproduire correctement les émissions Br γ et He I observées. Les images spectrales dans la bande Br γ révèle une caractéristique semblable à un arc au sud-est, peut-être associé aux vents chauds post-choc circulant le long du mur de la cavité. Les images dans la bande He I 2s-2p ont servi à contraindre la structure de la région d'émission de la transition, avec une résolution de 20 millisecondes d'arc (50 UA). La morphologie observée de He I suggère que l'étoile secondaire est responsable de l'ionisationproduisant le profil de raie. Les deux images (en Br γ et He I 2s-2p) sont compatibles avec les modèles hydrodynamiques précédents du scénario de vent en collision. De futures simulations dédiées ainsi qu’une vaste campagne interférométrique sont nécessaires pour affiner nos contraintes sur le vent et les paramètres stellaires de la binaire, ce qui nous aidera enfin à prédire le chemin évolutif de η Car.

Published
2018
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26. Antibody-Mediated Rejection Management Following Lung Transplantation

Author

Neuhaus, Kristen, Hohlfelder, Benjamin, Bollinger, Jessica, Haug, Marcus, and Torbic, Heather

Abstract

Background Although antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is described in other solid organ transplant populations, the literature describing the management following lung transplantation is limited.Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the management strategies of AMR in lung transplant recipients.Methods This single-center, retrospective study described the management of AMR in adult lung transplant recipients who received treatment with rabbit antithymocyte globulin, bortezomib, rituximab, intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), and/or plasmapheresis between September 2015 and June 2019.Results A total of 270 medication orders for 55 patient admissions were included in the primary outcome analysis. The most commonly used regimen consisted of IVIG, plasmapheresis, and rituximab (49.1%; n = 27), followed by IVIG and plasmapheresis alone (27.3%, n = 15). A total of 51 patients (93%) received plasmapheresis as part of their AMR treatment, with a median of 4 [3, 5] sessions per encounter; 86% of patients with positive donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) had a reduction in DSAs following AMR treatment. Overall, 23.5% of patients had noted allograft failure or need for retransplantation. A total of 10 patients died during the AMR treatment hospital admission, and an additional 11 patients died within 1 year of the initial encounter.Conclusion and Relevance This represents the largest report describing management strategies of AMR in lung transplant recipients. Although practice varied, the most commonly used regimen consisted of plasmapheresis, IVIG, and rituximab.

Published
2022
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28. Full System Test and early Preliminary Acceptance Europe results for CRIRES

Author

Brucalassi, Anna, Dorn, Reinhold J., Follert, Roman, Hatzes, Artie, Bristow, Paul, Seemann, Ulf, Cumani, Claudio, Eschbaumer, Siegfried, Haimerl, Andreas, Haug, Marcus, Heiter, Ulrike, Hinterschuster, Renate, Ives, Derek J., Jung, Yves, Kerber, Florian, Klein, Barbara, Lavail, Alexis, Lizon, Jean Louis, Marquart, Thomas, Moins, Christophe, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, Oliva, Ernesto, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jerome, Piskunov, Nikolai, Stegmeier, Joerg, Stempels, Eric H. C., Tordo, Sebastien, Valenti, Elena, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, Hauptner, Katja, Jeep, Peter, Marvin, Christopher, Reiners, Ansgar, Rhode, Petra, Schmidt, Christof, Umlauf, Tim, Brucalassi, Anna, Dorn, Reinhold J., Follert, Roman, Hatzes, Artie, Bristow, Paul, Seemann, Ulf, Cumani, Claudio, Eschbaumer, Siegfried, Haimerl, Andreas, Haug, Marcus, Heiter, Ulrike, Hinterschuster, Renate, Ives, Derek J., Jung, Yves, Kerber, Florian, Klein, Barbara, Lavail, Alexis, Lizon, Jean Louis, Marquart, Thomas, Moins, Christophe, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, Oliva, Ernesto, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jerome, Piskunov, Nikolai, Stegmeier, Joerg, Stempels, Eric H. C., Tordo, Sebastien, Valenti, Elena, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, Hauptner, Katja, Jeep, Peter, Marvin, Christopher, Reiners, Ansgar, Rhode, Petra, Schmidt, Christof, and Umlauf, Tim

Abstract

CRIRES+ is the new high-resolution NIR echelle spectrograph intended to be operated at the platform B of VLT Unit telescope UT3. It will cover from Y to M bands (0.95-5.3um) with a spectral resolution of R = 50000 or R = 100000. The main scientific goals are the search of super-Earths in the habitable zone of low-mass stars, the characterisation of transiting planets atmosphere and the study of the origin and evolution of stellar magnetic fields. Based on the heritage of the old adaptive optics (AO) assisted VLT instrument CRIRES, the new spectrograph will present improved optical layout, a new detector system and a new calibration unit providing optimal performances in terms of simultaneous wavelength coverage and radial velocity accuracy (a few m/s). The total observing efficiency will be enhanced by a factor of 10 with respect to CRIRES. An innovative spectro-polarimetry mode will be also offered and a new metrology system will ensure very high system stability and repeatability. Fiinally, the CRIRES+ project will also provide the community with a new data reduction software (DRS) package. CRIRES+ is currently at the initial phase of its Preliminary Acceptance in Europe (PAE) and it will be commissioned early in 2019 at VLT. This work outlines the main results obtained during the initial phase of the full system test at ESO HQ Garching.

Published
2018
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29. Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula

Author

Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gerard, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, Antonio, Anugu, Narsireddy, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti O., Chapron, Frederic, Clenet, Yann, Collin, Claude, du Foresto, Vincent Coude, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Stroebele, Francoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frederic, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fedou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonte, Frederic, Gordo, Paulo, Groezinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Koehler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Lena, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Leveque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Merand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Mueller, Eric, Mueller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflueger, Andreas, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gerard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schoeller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frederic, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gerard

Abstract

This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observed a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for theta(1) Ori B, theta(2) Ori B, and theta(2) Ori C. We determined a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for theta(1) Ori A, theta(1) Ori C, theta(1) Ori D, and theta(2) Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refined the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary theta(1) Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for theta(1) Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 M-circle dot and a period of 53 days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about two, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints toward a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We excluded collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion.

Published
2018

30. First light for GRAVITY: Phase referencing optical interferometry for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Author

Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Azouaoui, N., Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Burtscher, L., Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Janssen, A., Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kok, Y., Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Fredrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Weber, J., Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, Amorim, A., Anugu, N., Ávila, G., Clenet, Y., Coudé Du Foresto, V., de Zeeuw, P., Deen, C., Esselborn, M., Dabo, C, Gonte, F., Grözinger, U., Henning, Th, Le Bouquin, J.-B, Lèna, P., Lévêque, S., Mérand, A., Muller, E., Muller, F., Phan Duc, T., Ramírez, A., Garcia Dabo, E., Henning, Th., Le Bouquin, B., Plewa, M., European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), Institute Patology and Imunology Molecular, Fac Ciencias, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Brain Mind Institute (BMI - EPFL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Departamento de Control Automático (CINVESTAV-IPN), Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Universidade do Porto, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), GRAVITY Collaboration, European Southern Observatory ( ESO ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève ( ObsGE ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie ( MPIA ), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics ( MPE ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Chatillon ), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, European Space Agency ( ESA ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] ( ESO ), University of Porto, Center for Brain Simulation, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Technische Universität Dresden ( TUD ), Departamento de Control Automático ( CINVESTAV-IPN ), Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute ( CINVESTAV-IPN ), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universiteit Leiden, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Astrophysics, ÉTOILE DOUBLE, OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, INSTRUMENTATION OPTIQUE, INSTRUMENTATION, instrumentation: interferometers, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, Galaxy: center, Galactic Center, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrometry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], quasars: emission lines, Interferometry, EMISSION LINE, Closure phase, binaries: symbiotic, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, CENTER, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, FOS: Physical sciences, stars: pre-main sequence, instrumentation: adaptive optics, QUASAR, 010309 optics, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, INTERFEROMETERS, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), CENTRE GALACTIQUE, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ADAPTIVE OPTICS, Very Large Telescope, Astronomy and Astrophysics, First light, GALAXY, Space and Planetary Science, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

GRAVITY is a new instrument to coherently combine the light of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer to form a telescope with an equivalent 130 m diameter angular resolution and a collecting area of 200 m$^2$. The instrument comprises fiber fed integrated optics beam combination, high resolution spectroscopy, built-in beam analysis and control, near-infrared wavefront sensing, phase-tracking, dual beam operation and laser metrology [...]. This article gives an overview of GRAVITY and reports on the performance and the first astronomical observations during commissioning in 2015/16. We demonstrate phase tracking on stars as faint as m$_K$ ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than m$_K$ ~ 15 mag with a limiting magnitude of m$_K$ ~ 17 mag, minute long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5{\deg}, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of better than 10 microarcseconds ({\mu}as). The dual-beam astrometry, measuring the phase difference of two objects with laser metrology, is still under commissioning. First observations show residuals as low as 50 {\mu}as when following objects over several months. We illustrate the instrument performance with the observations of archetypical objects for the different instrument modes. Examples include the Galactic Center supermassive black hole and its fast orbiting star S2 for phase referenced dual beam observations and infrared wavefront sensing, the High Mass X-Ray Binary BP Cru and the Active Galactic Nucleus of PDS 456 for few {\mu}as spectro-differential astrometry, the T Tauri star S CrA for a spectro-differential visibility analysis, {\xi} Tel and 24 Cap for high accuracy visibility observations, and {\eta} Car for interferometric imaging with GRAVITY., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 23 pages, 23 figures, corresponding author: F. Eisenhauer

Published
2017
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31. First Light for GRAVITY: A New Era for Optical Interferometry

Author

Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), ONERA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Universität zu Köln, University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), and Universidade do Porto

Subjects
COPHASAGE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, LONG-BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY, IMAGERIE INTERFEROMETRIQUE, 01 natural sciences, INTERFEROMETRIC IMAGING, VLTI, PHASE TRACKING, ASTROMETRY, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, ASTROMETRIE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

With the arrival of the second generation instrument GRAVITY, the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) has entered a new era of optical interferometry. This instrument pushes the limits of accuracy and sensitivity by orders of magnitude. GRAVITY has achieved phase-referenced imaging at approximately milliarcsecond (mas) resolution and down to ~ 100-microarcsecond astrometry on objects that are several hundred times fainter than previously observable. The cutting-edge design presented in Eisenhauer et al. (2011) has become reality. This article sketches out the basic principles of the instrument design and illustrates its performance with key science results obtained during commissioning: phase-tracking on stars with K ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than K ≳ 17 mag, minute-long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of a few microarcseconds (μas)., Published in The Messenger vol. 170, pp. 10-15, December 2017.

Published
2017
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32. Ranitidine pharmacokinetics and adverse central nervous system reactions

Author

Slugg, Peter H., Haug, Marcus T., III, and Pippenger, Charles E.

Subjects
Ranitidine -- Adverse and side effects, Central nervous system, Health
Abstract

Background--Treatment with [histamine.sub.2]-receptor antagonists has been associated with adverse central nervous system reactions (CNS-ADRs). Previous studies of cimetidine have shown an association between CNS-ADRs and high cimetidine drug levels. While case reports of ranitidine CNS-ADRs have appeared, we wanted to study a series of patients, some of whom were critically ill, for the presence of CNS-ADRs and to correlate these with ranitidine pharmacokinetics. Methods.--A prospective, observational, open study included 163 consecutive patients, of whom 41 met entry criteria. A nonlinear least-squares regression analysis was used to establish a ranitidine pharmacokinetic dosing model. Ranitidine levels were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatographic assay. Individual ranitidine pharmacokinetics were determined by means of a bayesian model. Observations on 13 possible CNS-ADRs were recorded. The CNS-ADRs were evaluated by the Naranjo rating system. Results.--Ranitidine-associated CNS-ADRs, particularly lethargy, confusion, somnolence, and disorientation, occurred more frequently in patients with renal function impairment, and these were associated with higher peak concentrations, average plasma concentrations, and area under the curve. Conclusions.--Ranitidine, when given in conventional doses, can cause CNS-ADRs, particularly in older patients who have substantial renal function impairment. These CNS-ADRs occur as a consequence of altered ranitidine disposition. Ranitidine doses should be reduced when renal function impairment is present, and patients should be carefully observed for CNS-ADRs. (Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:2325-2329)

Published
1992

34. Learnings from the use of fiber optics in GRAVITY

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, primary, Blind, Nicolas, primary, Gillessen, Stefan, primary, Kok, Yitping, primary, Pfuhl, Oliver, primary, Haug, Marcus, primary, Kellner, Stefan, primary, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, primary, Genzel, Reinhard, primary, Haussmann, Frank, primary, Ott, Thomas, primary, Plattner, Markus, primary, Rau, Christian, primary, Sturm, Eckhard, primary, Wiezorrek, Erich, primary, Buron, Alexander, primary, Perrin, Guy, primary, Perraut, Karine, primary, Brandner, Wolfgang, primary, Straubmeier, Christian, primary, Amorim, António, primary, Lacour, Sylvestre, primary, Jocou, Laurent, primary, and Hans, Oliver, primary

Published
2018
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35. CRIRES+ on its way to VLT (Conference Presentation)

Author

Follert, Roman, primary, Dorn, Reinhold J., additional, Brucalassi, Anna, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Hatzes, Artie, additional, Seemann, Ulf, additional, Piskunov, Nikolai, additional, Lavail, Alexis, additional, Klein, Barbara, additional, Cumani, Claudio, additional, Moins, Christophe, additional, Ives, Derek, additional, Stempels, Eric, additional, Oliva, Ernesto, additional, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, additional, Lizon, Jean Louis, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Eschbaumer, Siegfried, additional, Marquart, Thomas, additional, Heiter, Ulrike, additional, Tordo, Sebastien, additional, Hinterschuster, Renate, additional, Jung, Yves, additional, Paufique, Jérôme, additional, Haimerl, Andreas, additional, Stegmeier, Jörg, additional, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, additional, Schmidt, Christoph, additional, Valenti, Elena, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Reiners, Ansgar, additional, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, additional, Hauptner, Katja, additional, Umlauf, Tim, additional, Jeep, Peter, additional, Rhode, Petra, additional, and Marvin, Christopher, additional

Published
2018
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36. Full system test and early preliminary acceptance Europe results for CRIRES+

Author

Dorn, Reinhold J., primary, Follert, Roman, primary, Hatzes, Artie, primary, Bristow, Paul, primary, Cumani, Claudio, primary, Eschbaumer, Siegfried, primary, Haimerl, Andreas, primary, Haug, Marcus, primary, Hinterschuster, Renate, primary, Jung, Yves, primary, Seemann, Ulf, primary, Stegmeier, Jörg, primary, Hauptner, Katja, primary, Rhode, Petra, primary, Schmidt, Christof, primary, Brucalassi, Anna, primary, Heiter, Ulrike, primary, Ives, Derek, primary, Kerber, Florian, primary, Klein, Barbara, primary, Lavail, Alexis, primary, Lizon, Jean Louis, primary, Marquart, Thomas, primary, Moins, Christophe, primary, Molina-Conde, Ignacio, primary, Oliva, Ernesto, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Paufique, Jérôme, primary, Piskunov, Nikolai, primary, Reiners, Ansgar, primary, Stempels, Eric, primary, Tordo, Sebastien, primary, Valenti, Elena, primary, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, primary, Jeep, Peter, primary, Marvin, Christopher, primary, and Umlauf, Tim, primary

Published
2018
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38. Detector systems engineering for extremely large instruments

Author

Holland, Andrew D., Beletic, James, George, Elizabeth M., Bezawada, Naidu, Ives, Derek, Mehrgan, Leander, Accardo, Matteo, Alvarez, Domingo, Brinkmann, Martin, Conzelmann, Ralf, Cumani, Claudio, Downing, Mark, Engelhardt, Max, Haug, Marcus, Hopgood, Joshua, Geimer, Christoph, Iwert, Olaf, Klein, Barbara, Mandla, Christopher, Müller, Eric, Ramsay, Suzanne, Reyes, Javier, Richerzhagen, Matthias, Serra, Benoît, Seidel, Matthias, Stegmeier, Jörg, and Todorovic, Mirko

Published
2020
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40. The metrology system of the VLTI instrument GRAVITY

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazıcı, Şenol, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haußmann, Frank, additional, Huber, David, additional, Kratschmann, Tobias, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Plattner, Markus, additional, Rau, Christian, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Waisberg, Idel, additional, Wiezorrek, Erich, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, and Amorim, Antonio, additional

Published
2016
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42. Integration and testing of the GRAVITY infrared camera for multiple telescope optical beam analysis

Author

Gordo, Paulo, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Abreu, Jorge, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Anugu, Narsireddy, additional, Garcia, Paulo, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Naia, M. Duarte, additional, and Guimarães, M., additional

Published
2014
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43. The GRAVITY instrument software/high-level software

Author

Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Anugu, Narsireddy, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Fedou, Pierre, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Lapeyrere, Vincent, additional, Kervella, Pierre, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Pozna, Eszter, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, and Schöller, Markus, additional

Published
2014
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44. The GRAVITY metrology system: narrow-angle astrometry via phase-shifting interferometry

Author

Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haußmann, Frank, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Hofmann, Reiner, additional, Huber, S., additional, Huber, David, additional, Senftleben, Stefanie, additional, Pflüger, Andreas, additional, Greßmann, Roland, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, and Schöller, Markus, additional

Published
2014
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45. The GRAVITY instrument software/hardware related aspects

Author

Ott, Thomas, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Kok, Yitping, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Anugu, Narsireddy, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Fedou, Pierre, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Hans, Oliver, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Huber, Stefan, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Schöller, Markus, additional, and Abuter, Roberto, additional

Published
2014
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46. GRAVITY: the impact of non-common optical paths within the metrology system

Author

Kok, Yitping, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Weber, Johannes, additional, Lippa, Magdalena, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Burtscher, Leonard, additional, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Kellner, Stefan, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Janssen, Annemieke, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, and Hans, Oliver, additional

Published
2014
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47. The GRAVITY spectrometers: design report of the optomechanics and active cryogenic mechanisms

Author

Wiest, Michael, additional, Yazici, Senol, additional, Fischer, Sebastian, additional, Thiel, Markus, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Araujo-Hauck, Constanza, additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Wank, Imke, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Perrin, Guy, additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Perraut, Karine, additional, Amorim, Antonio, additional, Schöller, Markus, additional, and Eckart, Andreas, additional

Published
2014
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49. Learnings from the use of fiber optics in GRAVITY

Author

Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Lippa, Magdalena, Gillessen, Stefan, Blind, Nicolas, Kok, Yitping, Perraut, Karine, Jocou, Laurent, Eisenhauer, Frank, Pfuhl, Oliver, Haug, Marcus, Kellner, Stefan, Haußmann, Frank, Plattner, Markus, Rau, Christian, Hans, Oliver, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Ott, Thomas, Wiezorrek, Erich, Sturm, Eckhard, Buron, Alexander, Lacour, Sylvestre, Genzel, Reinhard, Perrin, Guy, Brandner, Wolfgang, Straubmeier, Christian, and Amorim, Antonio

Published
2018
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50. Status of the ARGOS ground layer adaptive optics system

Author

Gässler, Wolfgang, primary, Rabien, Sebastian, additional, Esposito, Simone, additional, Lloyd-Hart, Michael, additional, Barl, Lothar, additional, Beckmann, Udo, additional, Bluemchen, Thomas, additional, Bonaglia, Marco, additional, Borelli, José Luis, additional, Brusa, Guido, additional, Brynnel, Joar, additional, Buschkamp, Peter, additional, Busoni, Lorenzo, additional, Carbonaro, Luca, additional, Connot, Claus, additional, Davies, Richard, additional, Deysenroth, Matthias, additional, Durney, Olivier, additional, Green, Richard, additional, Gemperlein, Hans, additional, Gasho, Victor, additional, Haug, Marcus, additional, Hubbard, Pete, additional, Ihle, Sebastian, additional, Kulas, Martin, additional, Lederer, Reinhard, additional, Lewis, Jason, additional, Loose, Christina, additional, Lehmitz, Michael, additional, Noenickx, Jamison, additional, Nussbaum, Edmund, additional, Orban de Xivry, Gilles, additional, Peter, Diethard, additional, Quirrenbach, Andreas, additional, Rademacher, Matt, additional, Raab, Walfried, additional, Storm, Jesper, additional, Schwab, Christian, additional, Vaitheeswaran, Vidhya, additional, and Ziegleder, Julian, additional

Published
2012
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