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Background/aim Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of ovarian stimulation with increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular permeability in the ovarian tissue. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is known to be associated with angiogenesis and vascular permeability. In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate the activity of TRPM2 in the development of OHSS. Materials and methods Fourteen immature female rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 was the control group, and Group 2 was the OHSS group that was exposed to 10 IU of subcutaneous application of FSH for four days and 30 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the 5th day. At the end of the experiment, the ovaries were removed. The right ovarian tissues were stored in 10% formol for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. The left ovarian tissues were stored at –80 °C for biochemical examinations. VEGF, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF‐α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the ovarian tissue. Congestion, edema, apoptosis and TRPM2 immunoreactivity were evaluated. Results There was a significant increase in ovarian weight in the OHSS group compared to the control group. There was a significant increase in congestion, edema, apoptosis and TRPM2 immunoreactivity in the OHSS group. A significant increase in tissue levels of VEGF, TNF‐α and MDA was also found in the OHSS group compared to the control group. Conclusion As a result of our experiment, it was found that increased TRPM2 immunoreactivity on hyperstimulated rat ovary may be the reason or result of edema and congestion. Further studies are needed to discuss our results.

Objective: To determine the maternal deaths and the factors affecting them in our city. Methods: The maternal deaths occurred in our city between January 2015 and June 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The review was conducted by checking “Maternal Death Registry Forms” of the Provincial Directorate of Health. In cases where additional data related with the cause of death were required, the relatives of the cases, associated family practitioner, The Council of Forensic Medicine or local authorities were contacted. The data of the cases including age, gravida, parity, abortion, delivery type, week of gestation during delivery, period of death and maternal deaths due to direct, indirect and incidental causes were recorded. Based on total live births and maternal deaths within 6.5 years, maternal mortality rate was found as the maternal death number per 100,000 live births. Descriptive statistics were used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results: A total of 46.618 live births occurred between 2015 and 2020 in Elazığ. The number of maternal deaths due to direct and indirect causes is 7, and maternal mortality rate was found 15.01/100,000. Hypertensive diseases during pregnancy (n=3, 42.8%), pulmonary embolism (n=1, 14.3%) and cerebral thrombosis (n=1, 14.3%) were among the natural causes of maternal deaths. Indirect cause for maternal death was cardiac diseases (n=2, 28.6%). When they were categorized according to the Three Delays Model, there were 3 death cases in the first delay model and 2 death cases in the third delay model, but there was no maternal death in the second delay model. Conclusion: Maternal death is an significant public health issue which develops due to the generally preventable causes and maintains its importance. The factors contributing to death should be paid attention in order to decrease maternal death rates.

Objective To investigate the incidence and concomitant findings of persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV). Methods The study was conducted by retrospective review of the data of 1856 patients who admitted to the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Fırat University between December 2018 and December 2019 for the gestational examination between 14 and 28 weeks of gestation. The obstetric characteristics of the patients such as age, number of pregnancy, abortion, parity and body mass index were recorded. The diagnosis of PRUV was established in the conditions where portal vein reaches to stomach abnormally (roughly, course towards stomach instead of parallel course), fetal gall bladder locates in the medial of umbilical vein or umbilical vein connects to right portal vein abnormally instead of left portal vein. In the cases diagnosed with PRUV, the isolated persistent right umbilical vein or its association with other anomalies was recorded. Ultrasonography findings (minor markers) were also recorded in these cases. Results During the study period, 1856 pregnant women were evaluated for gestational examination. Five cases were established with the diagnosis of PRUV. Accordingly, PRUV prevalence was 0.27%. The PRUV incidence in the study population was 1/370 in the study population. No chromosomal anomaly was found in PRUV cases, but one case had echogenic intracardiac focus, one case had echogenic intestine, and one case had short nasal bone. When organ systems were evaluated, renal cyst was found in one case. No additional finding was found in one case. Conclusion PRUV is the most common form among fetal venous system anomalies. If detected, fetal examination is required in terms of the anomalies that may accompany. Chromosome analysis is not necessary if it is isolated, and it should be evaluated as a variant of normal anatomy.