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On 9 February 2018, UNCITRAL’s Working Group II of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) finished three years drafting a convention on cross-border mediated settlement agreements. The Convention, that is designed to facilitate compliance with agreements, offers a more expeditious alternative to relying on expensive and uncertain breach of contract lawsuits. The backstory of this milestone is really two stories: one on the multi-party negotiation process that produced the result and one on the substantive choices in the result. The two stories also illustrate the relationship between a well-designed process and result.

This commentary on mediating multiculturally in a chapter of Mediation Ethics (edited by Ellen Waldman) suggests there are times when mediators should not mediate, because of their own ethical commitments. Commenting on a hypothetical divorce scenario (of Ziba, a 17 year old from her 44 year old husband, with two children aged 3 and 2, where the parties claim to want Shari’a principles to apply), the author (Carrie Menkel-Meadow) suggests that she would not mediate a case which might violate formal laws (American marriage and divorce laws) or infringe on rights that one of the parties might not be fully aware of. A variety of sources of ethics, including formal law, legal and mediation ethical rules, and personal ethical commitments may structure how mediators choose whether to take a case, educate the parties about their rights, make a referral, or how to mediate if complex (and different for each of the parties and/or the mediator) legal, moral, religious and cultural values are at stake. The chapter contains contrasting views expressed by two different mediators, with summary and commentary by the book’s editor.

Data are presented which indicate thatsolutions of urea peroxide in glycerin, in ethylene glycol, and in isopropyl alcohol are stable under ordinary storage conditions for relatively long periods of time.

SummaryUsing the iontophoretic technics it was observed that pyribenzamine hy-drochloride inhibited histamine wheal formation in the human skin whereas sodium chloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, ephedrine sulphate and procaine hydrochloride failed to produce this effect in the concentrations used.

(1978). Asthma, epilepsy and allergy. Journal of Asthma Research: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 159-162.

Cet article propose une analyse de la signification de notre société multi-culturelle à la lumière des différences culturelles qui existent entre les migrants et les autochtones. Les vicissi tudes de la migration permettent l'étude des idées sociales qui se rattachent à l'appartenance ethnique et à la religion. On peut examiner en particulier quelle est leur relation sur le plan conceptuel, dans quelle mesure elles sont sujettes au changement, et quelles sont les conséquences culturelles qui en découlent, tant pour les groupes que pour les individus. Les soulèvements qui caractérisent la migration se révèlent aussi comme étant producteurs de tensions sociales débou chant sur différentes formes de marginalisation. L'auteur dé finit cette marginalisation par rapport à l'attachement à la culture et à la structure ethniques se présentant sous quatre formes, qui sont autant de réponses volontaires ou involon taires de la part des individus migrants aux pressions qui sont exercées sur leurs conditions d'existence. Cet article pré sente une investigation à la fois conceptuelle et descriptive sur l'idée de diversité culturelle, vue sous l'aspect collectif aussi bien qu'individuel.

1. 1. A method for the construction and operation of a simple contour gauge is described. 2. 2. By means of the gauge the rate of growth of the height and cross section of allergic wheals may be measured and recorded. 3. 3. Typical results are presented which indicate that wheals produced by histamine iontophoresis, by stroking, and by light usually reach a maximum height within twenty minutes. This maximum height may not decrease during the next forty minutes if the intensity of stimulation is sufficient. 4. 4. The permanence of the wheal height and cross section, correlated with previous data on dye dilution and absorption during this period, indicates that a steady state is approximately maintained between the volume of plasma entering and leaving the wheal when the wheal height remains constant. With weaker stimuli the wheal height may decrease more rapidly.

ConclusionsI. Changes in the drying time, to four minutes, of membranes prepared from collodion and fixed with water does not appreciably alter their permeability to sodium chloride, whereas membranes prepared under the same conditions containing fifty per cent. of “ Lecithin ” by weight become relatively semi-permeable with decreasing drying times.II. Changes in the sizes of the aggregates of the lecithin molecules is suggested as a possible influence on the permeability of the leci thin-collodion membranes.

SummaryAbsorption spectra of ragweed pollen extracts prepared by a new electro-phoretic preparative method and by extracting the pollen with methanol are reported. Two main absorption bands were observed for crude aqueous extracts at about 2600 A and 3600 A. The 2600 and 3600 A bands may be correlated with an impurity. The main components separated electrophoretically by the preparative method still showed a marked absorption band at 2600 A, but none at 3600 A. Ninety percent methanol leached, lyophilized ragweed pollen extracts (MLL) show a marked depression of the 2600 A and the 3600 A bands. Biological activity of the essentially pigment-free preparation is identical with the preparation containing all of the pigment thus confirming our previous point of view that the pigments do not contribute substantially to the biological activity. Electrophoretic analysis reveals that a new substantially colorless major component is formed, on removal of the pigment, with an electric mobility of approximately 0.3 ...

This study deals with the opinions of college professors on the functions of job placement and dissent in the university. The attitudinal data were ascertained by means of a faculty vote in published official ballots on a series of resolutions. Responses were classified into three types: those who view their institution as an autonomous critic of the larger society; those who see the university as an autonomous noncritic; and those who envision their institution as a service organization. The analysis reveals that the major explanatory variable is exposure to the local culture; longevity in this university is positively related to its perception as a service organization. Professorial rank and academic discipline have a smaller impact which tends to disappear when controlling for longevity.

A generally acceptable method of comparing psychotomimetic compounds has apparently not been devised. A method of this type would provide the replicability not now available in the newly developed field of psycho-pharmacology. For example, the method employing the Cold Spring Harbor questionnaire devised by the writer and his co-workers has been criticized as being “too suggestible”, “too structured”, or “insufficiently cognizant of unconscious processing”. It is the purpose of this communication to show that the Cold Spring Harbor questionnaire (1, 2) provides a suitable method of study of the psychotomimetic drugs similar to d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). The basis for this statement is the comparison made here of the results of an independent study of a series of congeners of LSD-25 made by Isbell, Miner and Logan (3) in another laboratory, in a different milieu, and on a different population sample. It has been found that the comparative effectiveness of a series of LSD congeners both at Cold Spring Harbor and at Isbell's laboratory in Lexington, Kentucky are the same when the Cold Spring Harbor questionnaire is employed.

(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VIII. Effect on Arithmetic Test Performance. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 465-473.

(1964). Antiserotonin Action of LSD-25 and other Lysergic Acid Derivatives: Fact and Fiction. Journal of Asthma Research: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 207-211.

In 1938 experiments were undertaken, using a conventional moving boundary technique, to separate the fractions and to determine the electrical charge of the constituents of giant ragweed pollen extracts. At that time it was observed that the pigments in dialyzed ragweed extracts at pH 7.0 were negatively charged. The results during that summer and the succeeding winter, however, were contradictory, because the relation of the pigments to the biologically active constituents was uncertain.Using the Tiselius1 cell for the study of the moving boundaries of protein solutions and the Philpot-Svensson2 technic to analyze the quantity and nature of the constituents, further progress may now be reported. Figures la and 1 b are illustrations of the type of curves given by the major constituent. This major constituent is negatively charged, slow moving, unpigmented, and highly skin reactive in persons sensitive to ragweed. A minor constituent, about 1/5 that of the unpigmented major constituent, appearing in the pi...

(1967). The Use Of LSD (D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) In The Therapy Of Children. Journal of Asthma Research: Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 139-143.

1. The cataphoretic velocity of blood platelets (horse) in plasma has been found to be between 40 and 51 µ per sec. per volt per cm. The mean velocity obtained from five horses is . 45 µ per sec. per volt per cm. 2. The cataphoretic velocity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in similar specimens is practically identical with that of the platelets. This is noteworthy because of the fact that lymphocytes and red cells have different speeds. 3. With spontaneous agglutination of platelets, white cells and red cells, there is no change in the cataphoretic velocity incidental to aggregation. 4. The possible surface composition of platelets and white cells is briefly discussed. 5. The bearing of these findings on the origin of blood platelets and the mechanism of thrombus formation is demonstrated.

(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xv. the Effects Produced By Substitution of a Tap Water Placebo. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 367-383.

1.1. A simple and effective way of preparing a gelatin vehicle for subcutaneous injection where a slow acting pharmacologic effect is desired is described. 2.2. The method consists in adding sufficient urea to the gelatin solution to maintain the gel in the sol state at room temperature. 3.3. Experiments on plasticity have shown that an 8.5 per cent solution of gelatin plus 15 per cent urea becomes and remains liquid at room temperature when removed from the refrigerator. 4.4. The mixture does not readily support the growth of bacteria. 5.5. The experiments and clinical trials reported illustrate that this preparation is suitable for the administration of epinephrine as well as other drugs and biologically active substances where retardation of the pharmacologic effect is desired.

(1960). Production of Cross-Tolerance to Psychosis-Producing Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Psilocybin. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 151-154.

1. 1. The electrical properties of quartz particles covered with material adsorbed from ragweed extracts are those typical of ampholytes. 2. 2. The isoelectric point of these particles covered with a fresh extract was at pH 3.9. On standing this shifted to pH 4.3 where it was stabilized for some time. 3. 3. Experiments with paraffin oil and collodion particles showed that these particles acquired similar amphoteric surface properties in ragweed extracts, corresponding exactly with those found when the adsorbent was quartz. 4. 4. The titration curves of ragweed extracts were typical of solutions of proteins with a maximum acid-binding capacity near pH 2.6. 5. 5. The data obtained are evidence supporting the point of view that the skin reactive constituent in ragweed extracts is protein-like in nature.

The electrophoretic mobility of microscopically visible particles is independent of size, shape and conductivity of the particle within the limits of the experimental error. This is valid for extreme variations in size, shape and conductivity.

(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xi. Content Analysis of Clinical Reactions. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 53-60.

Quantitative methods are described for studying the whealing response to cold. A case of cold urticaria was treated with graded doses of histamine and histaminase; 50 mg. of histamine and 525 units of histaminase were administered without any effect upon the size of the wheal or its rate of formation after the application of a standard cold stimulus.

1. Quartz particles and certain other particles move cataphoretically in certain soft gelatin gels, with the same velocity as in the sol. The speed is a function of the true viscosity of the sol or gel, and it is See PDF for Structure apparently not altered in these soft gels by the presence of gel structure. It is proportional to the applied difference of potential. 2. This finding is compatible with the fact that certain sols undergo gelation with no increase of the true viscosity although a marked change in the apparent viscosity takes place. 3. Red cells in soft gelatin-serum gels show a distinct difference in behavior. They migrate through the sol or gel with a speed that is about twice as great as the leucocytes and quartz particles, which latter particles migrate with the same velocity. This ratio has been found to hold for serum and plasma. The absolute velocities are comparatively slightly decreased by the presence of the gel. 4. In more concentrated or stiffer gels, leucocytes, red cells and quartz particles all move at first with the same velocity. By producing mechanical softening of these gels (shearing from cataphoretic movement of the micells within the cell) the red cells presently resume their previous property of independent migration through the gel. 5. The movements of particles in gelatin gels produced by a magnetic force or the force of gravity are of a different nature than those movements produced by cataphoresis. 6. The mechanical nature of obstruction to the cataphoretic migration of leucocytes and red cells in fibrin gels is briefly described. 7. The correlation of cataphoresis of microscopic particles in gels with the order of magnitude and nature of the potential differences in the capillary wall, lends additional evidence to the theory that polymorphonuclear leucocyte emigration and migration are dependent upon these potential differences.

Although derivatives of d-lysergic acid have been employed in medicine for many years, the knowledge of their unique action on the central nervous system is dependent upon comparatively recent studies. The antiserotonin action of these compounds makes them of special value in the study of allergic mechanisms. Antiserotonin drugs may possibly lead to a more general method of therapy. It is the purpose of this communication to briefly review, and coordinate where possible, the reports of some pertinent investigators looking toward future research.