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Reducing the contact time between droplets and solid surfaces is important in anti-icing surface design. The present work investigates the impact dynamics of nanodroplets on hydrophobic/superhydrophobic surfaces decorated by point textures via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, aiming to significantly reduce the contact by the point textures. Based on distinguishing outcome regimes into a phase diagram, the point texture is found to not affect the outcome regimes of sticky, bouncing, and splash, whereas the internal rupture regime is significantly enhanced so that the new outcome in this regime, ring-bouncing, which is reported for the first time at the nanoscale, is also significantly reinforced. Impacting nanodroplets with ring-bouncing behaviors have remarkably reduced the contact time due to the saved retraction time via creating a retraction of both inner and outer contact lines. Subsequently, an energy conservation equation from the initial to the bouncing states is established for identifying the boundary of this outcome regime, which shows good agreement with the outcome phase diagram. Finally, impacting nanodroplets with three diameters of 8, 10, and 14 nm are implemented for understanding how the ratio of the droplet size to the texture point affects the reduction of the contact time. The MD results show the cases of 8-nm nanodroplets displaying the best performance of reducing the contact time by 52%, which is superior to current studies in reducing the contact time at the nanoscale. This can be explained by the lower ratio of droplet diameter to texture size leading to a further shorter distance of retraction after the internal rupture and hence a shorter contact time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Dynamic behaviors of impacting nanodroplets with oblique angles. • Reduction of contact time is noted for high oblique angles. • Two sliding regimes are distinguished in early and later impact processes. • Construction of the outcome phase diagram for oblique impact dynamics. In this study, the impact dynamics of water nanodroplets are investigated via MD simulations, aiming to examine scale effects during nanodroplets oblique impact. The MD results show that the significant interface slide can be observed at the nanoscale. Owing to the weakening of the adhesion effect between liquids and surfaces, asymmetric behaviors of oblique impacting nanodroplets vanish in spreading processes and are only observed in the retraction stage in the high oblique angle range (α > 45°). Additionally, the influence of increasing oblique angles on two feature parameters (i.e. the contact time and the sliding length) are detailed discussed, by reducing the former and enhancing the latter. Finally, the phase diagram in the parameter space of We n vs α is plotted, including adhesion, regular bouncing, and breakup bouncing. The outcome diagram can give a comprehensive insight into the oblique impact dynamics and further provide guidance for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Split of nanodroplets using mixed-wettability surfaces. • Construction of the outcome phase diagram for splitting dynamics. • Identification of splitting regimes for splitting time. • Establishment of criterion for stable droplet splitting. The present work is to investigate nanodroplets impacting mixed-wettability surfaces, which are hydrophilic surfaces decorated by hydrophobic stripes, via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on various impact conditions (W / D 0 = 0.1 to 1.5, and We = 1.5 to 410), the different impacting regimes are identified, including the stable non-splitting, coexisting regime, stable splitting, and hybrid regime, where W is the width of hydrophobic stripes and D 0 is the diameter of droplets. There shows a significant scale effect for droplets splitting due to the intermolecular force, i.e. existing stable non-splitting regime. And, a new type of droplet splitting pattern is found, namely hole splitting, which would produce some daughter fragments during the impact-splitting process. The splitting time acting as an important parameter for evaluating the performance of splitting dynamics is discussed. Two splitting regimes are distinguished by the dependence/independence of splitting time to the impact We. Finally, a criterion for separating the stable splitting regime by the increasing W / D 0 is obtained using a simple energy model. This work paves the way to understanding how to manipulate droplet splitting at the nanoscale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) are in a controversial state. Although E-cig aerosol generally contains fewer harmful substances than smoke from burned traditional cigarettes, aerosol along with other compounds of the E-cigs may also affect lung functions and promote the development of lung-related diseases. We investigated the effects of E-cig on the pulmonary functions of male C57BL/6 mice and reveal the potential underlying mechanisms. Methods A total of 60 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups. They were exposed to fresh-air, traditional cigarette smoke, E-cig vapor with 12 mg/mL of nicotine, and E-cig with no nicotine for 8 weeks. Lung functions were evaluated by using quantitative analysis of the whole body plethysmograph, FlexiVent system, lung tissue histological and morphometric analysis, and RT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes. In addition, the effects of nicotine and acrolein on the survival rate and DNA damage were investigated using cultured human alveolar basal epithelial cells. Results Exposure to E-cig vapor led to significant changes in lung functions and structures including the rupture of the alveolar cavity and enlarged alveolar space. The pathological changes were also accompanied by increased expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Conclusions The findings of the present study indicate that the safety of E-cig should be further evaluated. Implications Some people currently believe that using nicotine-free E-cigs is a safe way to smoke. However, our research shows that E-cigs can cause lung damage regardless of whether they contain nicotine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to establish a method for the simultaneous determination of six growth promoting antibacterial agents in premixes by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. An acetonitrile-0.25% formic acid aqueous solution (50: 50) was used as the solvent, and the samples were pretreated by ultrasonic extraction. A 0.05 mol/L ammonium formate aqueous solution (pH value adjusted to 3.8 with formic acid)-acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase, and the samples were separated by gradient elution and C18 column. The results showed that the detection limit of six antibacterial agents was 1~10 mg/g. In the range of 2~100 mg/g of the added concentration, the peak areas of the main components of the six growth promoting antibacterial agents detected by the method had a good linear relationship, and the correlation coefficient R2 was 0.999 4~1.000 0. The average recoveries of six antibacterial agents were 92.2%~104.6%. The study indicates that the proposed method is efficient, reliable and sensitive, which can be used for the detection of growth promoting antibacterial agents in premixes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

10 Nawrot-Modranka, J., Nawrot, E., Graczyk, J. In vivo antitumor, in vitro antibacterial activity and alkylating properties of phosphorohydrazine derivatives of coumarin and chromone. In the crystal structure of title compound, the chromone skeleton is stabilized by three weak intramolecular hydrogen bonds, with C11 - H11B O1 to be 2.502(4) Å, C12 - H12B O1 to be 2.512(5) Å and C12 - H12A O5 to be 2.493(3) Å. Additionally, hydrogen bonds C2 - H2 O2 and C7 - H7 O7 connect neighboring molecules to form chain structure along I c i axis. Keywords: 2190531 EN 2190531 939 940 2 08/25/22 20221001 NES 221001 Table 1 contains crystallographic data and Table 2 contains the list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters. [Extracted from the article]

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is a kind of age-related, airflow-obstruction disease mostly caused by cigarette smoke. However, the relationship between COPD and lung cellular senescence is still not fully understood. Here, we found silencing Pellino-1 could inhibit the protein level of P21. Then, through constructing cell lines expressed ubiquitin-HA, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-1 could bind to senescence marker p21 and modify p21 by K63-site ubiquitination by co-IP assays. Furthermore, we found that p21-mediated lung cellular senescence could be inhibited by silencing Pellino-1 in a D-galactose senescence mice model. Moreover, by constructing a COPD mouse model with shPellino-1 adenovirus, we found that silencing Pellino-1 could inhibit COPD and inflammation via reduction of SASPs regulated by p21. Taken together, our study findings elucidated that silencing E3 ligase Pellino-1 exhibits therapeutic potential for treatment to attenuate the progression of lung cellular senescence and COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]