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The purpose of this study was to explore instructional designs for promoting inquiry practices in secondary school textbooks. Three criteria were employed to select the textbooks: (1) approved by the Ministry of Education in Singapore and the Ministry of Education and Culture in Indonesia, (2) used in secondary schools, and (3) included content and practices based on the current curriculum. Based on these criteria, six science textbooks from Singapore and three from Indonesia were selected for further coding in the dimensions of learning goals of inquiry skills, nature of scientific inquiry, and inquiry types. The results showed that more activities in both the Singaporean and Indonesian textbooks focus on observing and interpreting skills. However, few activities in the textbooks from either country provide an opportunity for students to engage nature of scientific inquiry. In addition, more activities in the Singaporean textbooks were designed as guided inquiry than those in the Indonesian textbooks. Finally, it is suggested that inquiry activities in textbooks should be revised to include nature of scientific inquiry, and more textbook analysis studies are needed to reveal characteristics of inquiry activities in textbooks for different subjects.

Summary: Back ground: A common pedicled facial technique in head and neck reconstruction is the TMF It can be utilised to replace missing tissues in a variety of conditions, including oral deformities of the hard and soft palate. Aim: Aim of the study was to document the utility and outcomes with the reconstruction of the palate using TM flaps following Maxillectomy For maxillary sinus malignancies. Methodology: The study included 24 patients who were operated on for cancer maxilla and eligible for maxillectomy and reconstruction of the Palate using temporalis flap. Follow-up was planned for at least 12 months postoperative. Postoperative physical and speech therapy are initiated to help improve speech and swallow outcomes and to prevent trismus. Results: The current study included 24 cases with Maxillary sinus cancer with a mean age of 42.34 ± 4.67. The mean operative time was 5.4 ± 1.22 h with no reported intraoperative bleeding or injury of important structures. No cases of facial palsy or trismus were reported while partial flap loss was reported in one case where oronasal fistula was evident. The donor site complications were minimal where seroma occurred in two patients and alopecia, wound infection and dehiscence were reported in one case each. The donor site depression was evident in 25 % of cases. Conclusion: TMF is an excellent option for the reconstruction of many craniofacial defects, it is easy to be harvested with good blood supply with minimal postoperative complications.

This study investigates the effect of changing eccentricity and shell diameter on the charging performance of latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES). A three-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the melting process of erythritol as a phase change material (PCM) in a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger. The results demonstrate that increasing eccentricity significantly enhances charging performance, with optimal relative eccentricity values between 0.6 and 0.7 across various shell diameters. Under optimal conditions, all shell diameters showed at least a 32 % improvement in charging efficiency, reducing charging time by a minimum of approximately 4 h. Larger shell diameters showed greater sensitivity to eccentricity changes, with charging time reductions up to 43 % for a 133 mm shell. The study also reveals that eccentricity promotes more uniform temperature profiles and accelerates the charging process by enhancing natural convection. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing latent heat thermal energy storage designs, particularly for larger-scale applications.

Diferent theories have been proposed for the pathogenesis of sinonasal polyposis, However, there is no consensus of opinions on a single widely accepted theory. This case, which demonstrates nasal polyp formation within an atretic nasal cavity, suggests that the aerodynamic theory may have little efect in the pathogenesis of sinonasal polyposis. A 29-year-old female sufered a long history of nasal obstruction mainly on the left side. Nasal endoscopic evaluation showed bilateral nasal polyposis with unilateral choanal atresia. She had a history of nasal surgery for nasal polyposis, atresia repair, and septoturbinoplasty with recurrence of symptoms 2 years later. Revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery and choanal atresial repair are done with the polyps’ histopathological evaluation showing allergic nasal polyps. The formation of nasal polyps within an atretic nasal cavity suggests that the airfow and inhaled allergen-based explanation of nasal polyposis may have little to do with polyp formation at least in some patients and needs further evaluation. This leaves the door open for the many other possible etiologies.

Background: Acute appendicitis is common in children, with appendectomy as the traditional treatment. Scoring systems like Alvarado and RIPASA help assess patient eligibility for conservative treatment, considering symptoms and additional factors like age, sex, and symptom duration. Recent studies recommend antibiotics as an initial treatment for uncomplicated cases, to avoiding surgery in many cases. Objectives: To evaluate non-operative management of appendicitis in pediatrics. Patients and methods: A cohort study done at pediatric surgery unit in Qena University Hospitals from Sep 2022 to Mar 2023 included children with acute uncomplicated appendicitis. Diagnosis was based on the available scores for diagnosis of appendicitis. Conservative management involved diagnosis antibiotics, clinical evaluation and radiological evaluation. Results: Thirty patients were included in this study. Common symptoms: abdominal pain (100%), appetite loss (56.67%), nausea/vomiting/diarrhea (60%). All diagnosed with appendicitis. Pediatric Appendicitis Score: tenderness (80%), leukocytosis (90%), cough/percussion (66.67%), nausea/vomiting (60%), anorexia (83.33%), pain migration (86.67%), median score 8. IV antibiotics: median 1.925 g (range: 0.35-5.9 g). Outcomes: 90% symptom resolution, median 4-day hospital stay (range: 2-7 days), 6.67% recurrence, 6.67% appendectomy. Post-intervention, significant improvement in signs/symptoms, ultrasonography, CRP; WBC count improved variably. Conclusion: Conservative treatment for uncomplicated pediatric appendicitis is safe, successful (90% cure rate), cost-effective, and efficient with short hospital stays. Although it has a high success rate but may require a few patients undergo appendectomy.

Background: Infants and toddlers have intussusception. Uncontrolled peristalsis or lymphoid hyperplasia after gastrointestinal disease produces ileo-colic, the most frequent kind. Pathologic lead points induce intussusception. Intussusception causes stomach discomfort, bloody feces, and vomiting. Early treatment reduces intestinal blockage, mesenteric vascular dysfunction, and bowel ischemia. Studying paediatric intussusception epidemiology and comorbidities. Objectives: To analyses the epidemiologic features of pediatrics intussusception using the public health data base we also identified comorbidities associated with intussusception. Patients and methods: This prospective observational study documented comprehensive records of 40 cases of intussusception admitted to General Surgery Department, Qena University, and associated hospitals over a period of ten months. Patient information including age, sex, address, presenting symptoms, severity of presentation, investigations performed, laboratory tests, and associated conditions were collected. Management was determined for every case. Results: Fever, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort were the most prevalent symptoms in an intussusception research. 10% had COVID-19. All individuals had ultrasounds, with 42.5% having CT confirmation. 10% had exploration/surgery, 57.5% had conservative management, and 32.5% had hydrostatic reduction. Conservative and hydrostatic treatment had similar rates of recurrence (13 cases). Only 2 recurrences required surgery. Conclusion: This work illuminates pediatric intussusception's epidemiology and comorbidities. Abdominal discomfort and vomiting are most prevalent. Our results emphasize the significance of rapid detection and therapy of intussusception in pediatric patients, particularly those with comorbidities. Explore the pathophysiological causes and risk factors of intussusception in children to guide preventive and early intervention techniques.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning goals, nature of science, inquiry skills, understanding of inquiry, and inquiry types in the senior high school physics textbooks in Indonesia. We selected the textbooks based on three criteria: (1) approved by the Ministry of Education and Culture in Indonesia, (2) widely used in senior high schools, and (3) included content and practices based on the current curriculum. Content analysis was used to analyze 10th, 11th, and 12th grade textbooks. We found that more physics topics focused on the cognitive than on the epistemic, affective, and sociocultural aspects in these textbooks. The findings show that nature of science was emphasized in the textbooks, but they were more focused on science as a cognitive-epistemic system. Furthermore, we found that structured inquiry was more emphasized than confirmed and guided inquiry. Finally, structured inquiry focused more on inquiry skills than on the understanding of inquiry in all three textbooks, while observing and communicating skills were more emphasized in the physics activities. It is suggested that more studies need to develop inquiry activities that focus on understanding inquiry.

Numerous efforts are made to comprehend the performance evolution of photovoltaic (PV) panels. The elevated surface temperature causes a deterioration in PV panels' performance, hindering the expected increase in harvested energy associated with integrating solar reflectors. In this context, the year-round efficacy of cooling PV panels supported by reflective mirrors is investigated to assess the effectiveness of solar reflector implementation. A conventional PV panel, a CPV (cooled PV panel), and a CCPV (concentrated cooled PV panel) were compared side-by-side to determine their relative performance and energy productivity. Evaporative cooling pads are utilized to chill the two modified PV systems by varying the coolant flow rate during the summer and winter seasons of 2022 and 2023, respectively, in the environmental conditions of the Tenth of Ramadan City, Egypt. The findings indicate that the average daily power increment ratio (PIR) for CPV ranges from 4.7 % up to 7.4 %, while CCPV ranges from 6.7 % to 12 % for different climate conditions year-round. Finally, changing the setup configuration from CPV to CCPV increased the (PIR) 1.5 times during the summer tests and 1.7 times during the winter tests.

This paper is organized to find faith in uncertainty through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. Habakkuk is a prophet of God in the Old Testament who experienced a difficult time amid King Jehoiakim's reign. The difficulties of life and injustice that occurred during the time of King Jehoiakim made the prophet Habakkuk constantly pray and put his faith in God. This steadfastness of faith needs to be emulated by believers. The modern age in which believers live often brings various challenges, such as the relativism of absolute truth and identity crisis. As a believer living in modern times, I believe that imitating Habakkuk can be done to achieve faith resilience. By having faith resilience as a result of imitating Habakkuk, believers can get through difficult times through their faith. Believers' faith will be trained amid life's uncertainties. Through descriptive qualitative research methods, the author tries to narrate the discovery of faith amid uncertain conditions through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. The author states that the theological reflection of the book of Habakkuk brings believers to have faith that even amid uncertainty, God still answers prayer.

BackgroundAcute abdominal pain in pediatrics is a medical emergency that requires special attention. During COVID-19 pandemic, this disease presented in pediatric age by different presentations including abdominal presentations.The affected children are presented with abdominal pain, which may be caused by surgical causes or by the virus itself that necessitate surgical consultation.PurposeThis study highlights the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on pediatric patients with acute abdominal pain regarding the presentation, clinical evaluation, and surgical management.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was done through the collection of data from medical records and authors’ data repositories of pediatric patients presented with acute abdomen from March 2020 to March 2022, in three pediatric surgery tertiary centers.ResultsEighty-four pediatric patients with acute abdominal pain were included in this study. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis was found in 31 patients (36.9%). Generalized abdominal pain was noted in 17 patients (20.2%) and presentation mimicked acute cholecystitis was occured in 14 patients (16.7%). ultrasonography revealed intussusception in 12 cases (14.3%). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was present in 9 cases (10.7%) and only one case of pancreatitis (1.2%). Conservative management was successful in 66 cases (78.6%), while operative intervention was needed in18 cases (21.4%).ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, acute abdominal pain in children was frequently observed. Careful follow up is critically important as most cases do not necessitate surgical intervention. It is crucial to consider COVID-19 as a differential diagnosis in children presenting with acute abdominal pain, particularly in cases of atypical appendicitis and intussusception to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures.

The great Aceh earthquake on December 26, 2004, had a magnitude of 9.2 Mw for 10 minutes with coordinates 3,316°N 95,854°E. had a tremendous impact on changes in geological conditions and disasters in Aceh and Asia, especially Southeast Asia and South Asia. Changes in geological conditions have resulted in Aceh and its surroundings becoming more prone to earthquakes, including volcanoes in North Sumatra. This research aims to determine the value of changes in coulomb stress that occur on Mount Sibualbuali and Lubukraya. This research uses the coulomb stress method presented in Coulomb 3.4 software. This research produces positive coulomb stress changes in 2021 which are marked by the red lobe, namely 0.197 bar on Mount Sibualbuali and 0.187 bar on Lubukraya. The highest increase in chwerees in coulomb stress was in 2015, namely 0.319 bar in Sibualbuali and 0.262 bar in Lubukraya. This research also resulted in the highest coulomb stress changes at a depth of 90-100 km so that it does not affect the volcanic activity of the two mountains.

Introduction: Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome is an infrequent but severe complication following intraocular lens implantation, characterized by anterior chamber inflammation and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This report presents a rare case of late-onset UGH syndrome induced by a well-positioned 1-piece posterior capsular intraocular lens (PCIOL) with a bulb of the haptics extruding through a peripheral capsular tear in a 90-year-old female, 17 years post-cataract surgery. Case Presentation: The patient presented with persistent blurred vision, recurrent anterior uveitis, and uncontrolled IOP despite medical therapy. Extensive evaluation, including ultrasound biomicroscopy, failed to identify the underlying cause, necessitating surgical intervention to control IOP. During concurrent goniotomy and canaloplasty, a PCIOL haptics was discovered protruding through a peripheral capsular tear, establishing the diagnosis. Following PCIOL-haptic amputation and goniotomy and canaloplasty, the patient experienced significant improvement in symptoms and IOP control, with complete resolution of UGH syndrome. Conclusion: This case highlights the necessity of considering atypical causes in persistent postoperative uveitis and IOP elevation and emphasizes the role of surgical intervention in managing complex cases.

Household waste management in residential areas often faces significant challenges due to limited resources and minimal government intervention. This research explores innovative approaches applied by non-state actors in household waste management in Mrican Village, highlighting the challenges and opportunities arising from the Bendhung Lepen Community initiative. Using a qualitative research method with a case study approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving stakeholders such as community members, NGOs, and local government. This research emphasizes the urgency of implementing sustainable waste management practices in urban areas. The results of this study show that community-led waste management can be an innovation and a driver of neighborhood participation despite facing various obstacles, such as limited resources, community resistance, and weak collaboration with the local government. This study emphasizes the importance of the role of non-state actors in filling the void left by formal governance in waste management in residential areas. This research contributes significantly to the discussion on sustainable waste management in urban environments.

A clean and healthy environment is a crucial element in the well-being of society. However, waste management in many areas, including Mandiri Kesturi, remains a significant challenge, especially amid rapid urbanization and population increase. This research explores how community-based approaches and “social learning” can improve community engagement in waste management. By involving the community in sorting to recycling, this approach improves waste management efficiency and creates sustainable environmental awareness. This case study uses a descriptive qualitative method in the Mandiri Kesturi community, with participants from community members and local leaders actively participating in the waste management program. The results showed that social learning within the community could optimize participation and create a sense of collective responsibility in maintaining environmental cleanliness. This empowerment model is expected to be applied in other communities facing similar challenges.

Faktor yang menyebabkan siswa kesulitan belajar sangat variatif, termasuk dalam pembelajaran matematika. Kesulitan belajar merujuk pada berbagai tantangan atau hambatan yang dihadapi individu terhadap proses pembelajaran, dan hal ini dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa untuk memperoleh, memproses, dan menerapkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan. Oleh karena sifatnya yang bervariasi, kesulitan ini akan berdampak pada berbagai aspek proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan-kesulitan belajar siswa secara khusus dalam pembelajaran matematika. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 25 orang, yakni seluruh siswa kelas VIII- B. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik pengumpulan data ini adalah pemberian tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi sebagai data pendukung. Dari hasil analisis, diperoleh bahwa 48% siswa dalam kategori “cukup” kesulitan belajar matematika. Selanjutnya 40 % dalam kategori “Sulit” dalam belajar matematika. Secara khusus dalam materi perpangkatan, kesulitan belajar tersebut disebabkan oleh kesulitan menguasai dan memahami konsep secara khusus dalam memahami masalah matematis, dan kesulitan pengoperasian bilangan atau tidak mempunyai keterampilan operasi hitung sehingga siswa tidak dapat menyelesaikan jawaban dengan benar. Dari hasil wawancara didukung diketahui bahwa siswa masih banyak mengalami kesulitan-kesulitan dalam belajar matematika khususnya materi perpangkatan.

Background: Disorders of sex development (DSD) include a diverse array of congenital disorders characterized by the abnormal growth of anatomical sex, chromosomes, gonads, & the brain, all of which are essential to the process of sexual differentiation. Objectives: To evaluate the cosmetic outcome of feminizing genitoplasty in DSD. Patients and methods: This interventional, non-controlled study was conducted on 50 virilizing females at Qena University Hospitals over one year. The study included detailed history, genital examination, Prader staging, serum electrolytes, karyotyping, hormonal profiles, abdominal ultrasound, genitography, cystoscopy, and surgeries (clitroplasty, vaginoplasty, labioplasty). Postoperative care involved antibiotics, analgesics, oral feeding, and vaginal calibration. Outcomes were assessed using Creighton and Lean scores. Results: 38%of patients were under one year old; 92%had congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and 100% had 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Cosmetic outcomes were favorable, with 82% achieving good results. Postoperative complications were low: stress incontinence(8%), dysuria(6%), difficult micturition(4%), and wound infections(4%). Older age was significantly associated with poorer cosmetic outcomes(p=0.006) and increased stress incontinence(p=0.041), but not with dysuria, difficult micturition, or wound infections(p>0.05). Conclusion: The number of patients with a decreased aldosterone level in the research cases was 41 (82%). The number of patients with an increased renin level in the research population was 41 (82%). The number of patients with a decreased cortisol level in the research population was 49 (98%). The number of patients with 17-OH-progesterone >20,000 ng/dl in the research population was 41 (82%). The number of patients with increased testosterone levels in the research cases was 50 (100%).

Chemical investigation of Carthamus tinctorius L. flowers resulted in isolation of seven metabolites that were identified as; p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (1), trans hydroxy cinnamic acid (2), kaempferol-6-C-glucoside (3), astragalin (4), cartormin (5), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (6), and kaempferol–3-O-sophoroside (7). Virtual screening of the isolated compounds against human intestinal α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase was carried out. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the bioactive compounds was assessed. Compounds 1 and 5 exhibited moderate binding affinities to acetylcholinesterase (binding energy −5.33 and −4.18 kcal/mol, respectively), compared to donepezil (-83.33kcal/mol). Compounds 1–7 demonstrated weak affinity to butyrylcholinesterase. Compounds 2 and 4 displayed moderate binding affinity to human intestinal α-glucosidase,compared to Acarbose (reference compound), meanwhile compound 2 exhibited lower affinity. Molecular dynamic studies revealed that compound 4 formed a stable complex with the binding site throughout a 100 ns simulation period. The in-vitro results were consistent with the virtual experimental results, as compounds 1 and 5 showed mild inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (IC50s 150.6 and 168.7 µM, respectively). Compound 4 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 of 93.71 µM. The bioactive compounds also demonstrated notable antioxidant activity in ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], ORAC (oxygen radical-absorbance capacity), and metal chelation assays, suggesting their potential in improving dementia in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mitigating hyperglycemia.

This type of research is quantitative, the place for this research is Café JM 77 Rantauprapat. Because the population in this study is unknown, the Lemeshow formula was used to determine the sample size. So, the total number of respondents in this study was 96 customers at Café JM 77 Rantauprapat. The data collection techniques used in the research were observation, documentation, and questionnaires using a Likert scale. This research uses classical assumption tests which include the data normality test, heteroscedasticity test, and multicollinearity test. Multiple linear regression analysis was tested using partial (t), simultaneous (F), and coefficient of determination tests. The partial and simultaneous research results show that the variables of service quality, product, promotion, and store atmosphere have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction at Café JM 77 Rantauprapat.