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Background: Desmoid tumors can cause morbidity due to local invasion, potentially being fatal when fast growth compromises vital structures. In this context, a timely treatment response is required. This study aims to compare the activity of sorafenib and anthracycline‐containing regimens during the first year of treatment. Methods: The authors conducted a multi‐institutional retrospective analysis of desmoid tumor patients treated with either sorafenib or an anthracycline‐containing regimen over 1 year. The primary end point was the overall response rate (ORR). The secondary end points were time to response (TTR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and adverse events. Results: From 2005 to 2022, 80 patients received sorafenib and 51 received an anthracycline‐containing regimen with similar baseline characteristics. The 1‐year ORR was 37% for anthracycline and 13% for sorafenib (p =.016). Median best response was –9% (range, –73 to 51) for anthracycline and –4% (range, –69 to 126) for sorafenib. Median TTR was 5.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4–7.8) for anthracycline and 8.7 months (95% CI, 6.3–11.1) for sorafenib (p =.2). One‐year PFS was 73% (95% CI, 60–86) for anthracycline and 59% (95% CI, 47–71) for sorafenib (p =.3). Common grade 1–2 adverse events for sorafenib were hand‐foot syndrome (40%), diarrhea (25%), and fatigue (22%); for anthracycline, they were nausea (31%), fatigue (16%), and rash (14%). Grade 3 events were higher in the anthracycline group, 27% versus 14% (p <.05). Conclusion: Anthracycline‐based therapy provided a greater 1‐year response rate than sorafenib but was associated with a higher rate of serious adverse events. Higher‐risk desmoid tumors, which need a more timely response, might benefit from anthracycline‐based therapies, whereas average‐risk tumors could benefit from sorafenib. This article reports a multi‐institutional retrospective comparison of the activity between sorafenib and anthracycline‐based chemotherapies for desmoid tumors. It shows that anthracycline‐based chemotherapies can produce a greater proportion of responses in the first year of treatment at the expense of greater toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses lipohemarthrosis, the accumulation of fat and blood within a joint due to an intraarticular fracture, and its detection through various imaging modalities. It highlights the clinical significance of lipohemarthrosis in diagnosing intraarticular fractures at different joints, such as the knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, and foot. The use of point-of-care ultrasound is also emphasized as a valuable tool for diagnosing lipohemarthrosis and managing intraarticular fractures, especially in cases where traditional radiography may not be conclusive. [Extracted from the article]

The stiff human foot enables an efficient push-off when walking or running, and was critical for the evolution of bipedalism.sup.1-6. The uniquely arched morphology of the human midfoot is thought to stiffen it.sup.5-9, whereas other primates have flat feet that bend severely in the midfoot.sup.7,10,11. However, the relationship between midfoot geometry and stiffness remains debated in foot biomechanics.sup.12,13, podiatry.sup.14,15 and palaeontology.sup.4-6. These debates centre on the medial longitudinal arch.sup.5,6 and have not considered whether stiffness is affected by the second, transverse tarsal arch of the human foot.sup.16. Here we show that the transverse tarsal arch, acting through the inter-metatarsal tissues, is responsible for more than 40% of the longitudinal stiffness of the foot. The underlying principle resembles a floppy currency note that stiffens considerably when it curls transversally. We derive a dimensionless curvature parameter that governs the stiffness contribution of the transverse tarsal arch, demonstrate its predictive power using mechanical models of the foot and find its skeletal correlate in hominin feet. In the foot, the material properties of the inter-metatarsal tissues and the mobility of the metatarsals may additionally influence the longitudinal stiffness of the foot and thus the curvature-stiffness relationship of the transverse tarsal arch. By analysing fossils, we track the evolution of the curvature parameter among extinct hominins and show that a human-like transverse arch was a key step in the evolution of human bipedalism that predates the genus Homo by at least 1.5 million years. This renewed understanding of the foot may improve the clinical treatment of flatfoot disorders, the design of robotic feet and the study of foot function in locomotion. The transverse tarsal arch, acting through the inter-metatarsal tissues, is important for the longitudinal stiffness of the foot and its appearance is a key step in the evolution of human bipedalism., Author(s): Madhusudhan Venkadesan [sup.1] , Ali Yawar [sup.1] , Carolyn M. Eng [sup.1] , Marcelo A. Dias [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] , Dhiraj K. Singh [sup.5] [sup.9] , Steven M. Tommasini [...]

Starting in 2004, a medical school gross anatomy course faced with a 30% cut in hours went through an extensive redesign, which transformed a traditional dissection course into a course with a clinical focus, learning societies, and extensive on-line learning support. Built into the redesign process was an extensive and ongoing assessment process, which included student focus groups, faculty development, surveys, and examinations. These assessments were used formatively, to enhance the course from year to year, and summatively, to determine how well the course was meeting the new learning objectives. The assessments from focus groups and faculty development prompted changes in support structures provided to students and the training and preparation of faculty. Survey results showed that, after student satisfaction declined the first year, satisfaction increased steadily through the fourth iteration as the course gained acceptance by students and faculty alike. There was a corresponding increase in the performance of students on course examinations. An additional examination given to students one and a half and three years after their anatomy course ended demonstrated the redesigned course's long-term effectiveness for retaining anatomical knowledge and applying it to clinical cases. Compared to students who took the original course, students who took the shorter, more clinical course performed as well, or better, on each section of the examination. We attribute these positive results to the innovative course design and to the changes made based on our formative assessment program. (Contains 5 tables and 7 figures.)