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1. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Author: Frangou, S. (Sophia), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Dima, D. (Danai), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), and Dima, D. (Danai)
Abstract: Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3–90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
Published: 2021
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2. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Author: Dima, D. (Danai), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L., Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), van't Ent, D. (Dennis), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Dima, D. (Danai), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L., Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), van't Ent, D. (Dennis), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), and Frangou, S. (Sophia)
Abstract: Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3–90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.
Published: 2020
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3. To continue or not to continue? Antipsychotic medication maintenance versus dose-reduction/discontinuation in first episode psychosis: HAMLETT, a pragmatic multicenter single-blind randomized controlled trial

Author: Begemann, M.J.H. (Marieke J H), Thompson, I.A. (Ilse A.), Veling, W.A. (Willem Anne), Gangadin, S.S. (Shiral S.), Geraets, C.N.W. (Chris N W), van 't Hag, E. (Erna), Müller-Kuperus, S.J. (Sanne J.), Oomen, P.P. (Priscilla P.), Voppel, A.E. (Alban E.), Van Der Gaag, M. (Mark), Kikkert, M.A. (Myrna), Van Os, J. (Jim), Smit, H.F.E. (H Filip E), Knegtering, R.H. (Rikus H.), Wiersma, S. (Sybren), Stouten, L.H. (Luyken H.), Gijsman, H.J. (Harm J.), Wunderink, L. (Lex), Staring, A.B.P. (Anton), Veerman, S.R.T. (Selene R T), Mahabir, A.G.S. (Amrita G S), Kurkamp, J. (Jörg), Pijnenborg, G.H.M. (G. H M), Veen, N.D. (Natalie D.), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Grootens, K.P. (Koen P.), Faber, G., Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Been, A. (Agaath), van den Brink, T. (Truus), Bak, M. (Maarten), Amelsvoort, T.A.M.J. (Therese) van, Ruissen, A. (Andrea), Blanke, C. (Christine), Groen, K. (Karin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Sommer, I.E.C. (Iris E C), Begemann, M.J.H. (Marieke J H), Thompson, I.A. (Ilse A.), Veling, W.A. (Willem Anne), Gangadin, S.S. (Shiral S.), Geraets, C.N.W. (Chris N W), van 't Hag, E. (Erna), Müller-Kuperus, S.J. (Sanne J.), Oomen, P.P. (Priscilla P.), Voppel, A.E. (Alban E.), Van Der Gaag, M. (Mark), Kikkert, M.A. (Myrna), Van Os, J. (Jim), Smit, H.F.E. (H Filip E), Knegtering, R.H. (Rikus H.), Wiersma, S. (Sybren), Stouten, L.H. (Luyken H.), Gijsman, H.J. (Harm J.), Wunderink, L. (Lex), Staring, A.B.P. (Anton), Veerman, S.R.T. (Selene R T), Mahabir, A.G.S. (Amrita G S), Kurkamp, J. (Jörg), Pijnenborg, G.H.M. (G. H M), Veen, N.D. (Natalie D.), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Grootens, K.P. (Koen P.), Faber, G., Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Been, A. (Agaath), van den Brink, T. (Truus), Bak, M. (Maarten), Amelsvoort, T.A.M.J. (Therese) van, Ruissen, A. (Andrea), Blanke, C. (Christine), Groen, K. (Karin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, and Sommer, I.E.C. (Iris E C)
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medication is effective for symptomatic treatment in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. After symptom remission, continuation of antipsychotic treatment is associated with lower relapse rates and lower symptom severity compared to dose reduction/discontinuation. Therefore, most guidelines recommend continuation of treatment with antipsychotic medication for at least 1 year. Recently, however, these guidelines have been questioned as one study has shown that more patients achieved long-term functional remission in an early discontinuation condition-a finding that was not replicated in another recently published long-term study. METHODS/DESIGN: The HAMLETT (Handling Antipsychotic Medication Long-term Evaluation of Targeted Treatment) study is a multicenter pragmatic single-blind randomized controlled trial in two parallel conditions (1:1) investigating the effects of continuation versus dose-reduction/discontinuation of antipsychotic medication after remission of a first episode of psychosis (FEP) on personal and social functioning, psychotic symptom severity, and health-related quality of life. In total 512 participants will be included, aged between 16 and 60 years, in symptomatic remission from a FEP for 3-6 months, and for whom psychosis was not associated with severe or life-threatening self-harm or violence. Recruitment will take place at 24 Dutch sites. Patients are randomized (1:1) to: continuation of antipsychotic medication until at least 1 year after remission (original dose allowing a maximum reduction of 25%, or another antipsychotic drug in similar dose range); or gradual dose reduction till eventual discontinuation of antipsychotics according to a tapering schedule. If signs of relapse occur in this arm, medication dose can be increased again. Measurements are conducted at baseline, at 3, and 6 months post-baseline, and yearly during a follow-up period of 4 years. DISCUSSION: The HAMLETT study will offer evidence to guide patien
Published: 2020
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4. Designing and Testing of a Health-Economic Markov Model for Prevention and Treatment of Early Psychosis

Author: Wijnen, B.F.M. (Ben), Thielen, F.W. (Frederick), Konings, S. (Steef), Feenstra, T.L. (Talitha), Van Der Gaag, M. (Mark), Veling, W.A. (Willem Anne), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Ising, H. (Helga), Hiligsmann, M. (Mickael), Evers, S.M.A.A. (Silvia), Smit, F. (Filip), Lokkerbol, J. (Joran), Wijnen, B.F.M. (Ben), Thielen, F.W. (Frederick), Konings, S. (Steef), Feenstra, T.L. (Talitha), Van Der Gaag, M. (Mark), Veling, W.A. (Willem Anne), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Ising, H. (Helga), Hiligsmann, M. (Mickael), Evers, S.M.A.A. (Silvia), Smit, F. (Filip), and Lokkerbol, J. (Joran)
Abstract: Background: This study aims to report on the design of a model to determine the cost-effectiveness of prevention and treatment of early psychosis (PsyMod) and to estima
Published: 2019
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5. Cortical Brain Abnormalities in 4474 Individuals With Schizophrenia and 5098 Control Subjects via the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium

Author: Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Walton, E. (Esther), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Jiang, W. (Wenhao), Glahn, D.C. (David), Pearlson, G. (Godfrey), Yao, N. (Nailin), Fukunaga, M. (Masaki), Hashimoto, R. (Ryota), Okada, N. (Naohiro), Yamamori, H. (Hidenaga), Bustillo, J., Clark, V.P., Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Mueller, B.A. (Bryon ), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M.C.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke), Kahn, R. (René), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.M.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Hartberg, C.B. (Cecilie B.), Haukvik, U.K. (Unn), Jørgensen, K.N. (Kjetil N.), Lagerberg, T.V. (Trine V.), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Kraemer, B. (Bernd), Richter, A. (Anja), Zilles, D. (David), Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Roiz-Santiañez, R. (Roberto), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Cropley, V.L. (Vanessa L.), Fullerton, J.M. (Janice M.), Green, M.J. (Melissa J.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Lenroot, R.K. (Rhoshel), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Quidé, Y. (Yann), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Seal, M. (Marc), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Rasser, P.E. (Paul E.), Cooper, G. (Gavin), Shannon Weickert, C. (Cynthia), Weickert, T.W. (Thomas W.), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Hong, E. (Elliot), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Beard, L.M. (Lauren M.), Gur, R.E. (Raquel), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Belger, A. (Aysenil), Brown, G.G. (Gregory G.), Ford, J.M. (Judith M.), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mathalon, D.H. (Daniel H.), O'Leary, D.S. (Daniel S.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven), Preda, A. (Adrian), Voyvodic, J. (James), Lim, K.O. (Kelvin), McEwen, S. (Sarah), Yang, F. (Fude), Tan, Y. (Yunlong), Tan, S. (Shuping), Wang, Z. (Zhiren), Fan, F. (Fengmei), Chen, J. (Jingxu), Xiang, H. (Hong), Tang, S. (Shiyou), Guo, H. (Hua), Wan, P. (Ping), Wei, D. (Dong), Bockholt, H.J., Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Wolthusen, R.P.F. (Rick P.F.), King, M.D. (Margaret D.), Shoemaker, J.M. (Jody M.), Sponheim, S.R. (Scott), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Koenders, L. (Laura), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Amelsvoort, T.A.M.J. (Therese) van, Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Assogna, F. (Francesca), Banaj, N. (Nerisa), de Rossi, P. (Pietro), Iorio, M. (Mariangela), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), McKenna, P.J. (Peter J.), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Rotenberg, D. (David), Voineskos, A.N. (Aristotle N.), Ciufolini, S. (Simone), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Dazzan, P. (Paola), Murray, R. (Robin), Reis Marques, T. (Tiago), Simmons, A. (Andrew), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Egloff, L. (Laura), Harrisberger, F. (Fabienne), Riecher-Rössler, A. (Anita), Smieskova, R. (Renata), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Wang, L. (Lei), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Koops, S. (Sanne), Sommer, I.E.C. (Iris E.C.), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Neilson, E. (Emma), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), Stephen, J.M. (Julia M.), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), McDonald, C. (Colm), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Akhadov, T. (Tolibjohn), Kaleda, V. (Vasily), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Flyckt, L. (Lena), Farde, L. (Lars), Engberg, G. (Göran), Erhardt, S. (Sophie), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Schwieler, L. (Lilly), Piehl, F. (Fredrik), Collste, K. (Karin), Victorsson, P. (Pauliina), Malmqvist, A. (Anna), Hedberg, M. (Mikael), Orhan, F. (Funda), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G.P.), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Hoschl, C. (Cyril), Skoch, A. (Antonin), Spaniel, F. (Filip), Tomecek, D. (David), Hagenaars, S. (Saskia), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Whalley, H.C. (Heather C.), Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Knöchel, C. (Christian), Oertel-Knöchel, V. (Viola), Stäblein, M. (Michael), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Stein, D.J. (Dan), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Lopez-Jaramillo, C. (Carlos), Dima, D. (Danai), McMahon, A. (Agnes), Faskowitz, J.I. (Joshua I.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Turner, J. (Jessica), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Walton, E. (Esther), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Jiang, W. (Wenhao), Glahn, D.C. (David), Pearlson, G. (Godfrey), Yao, N. (Nailin), Fukunaga, M. (Masaki), Hashimoto, R. (Ryota), Okada, N. (Naohiro), Yamamori, H. (Hidenaga), Bustillo, J., Clark, V.P., Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Mueller, B.A. (Bryon ), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M.C.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke), Kahn, R. (René), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.M.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Hartberg, C.B. (Cecilie B.), Haukvik, U.K. (Unn), Jørgensen, K.N. (Kjetil N.), Lagerberg, T.V. (Trine V.), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Kraemer, B. (Bernd), Richter, A. (Anja), Zilles, D. (David), Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Roiz-Santiañez, R. (Roberto), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Cropley, V.L. (Vanessa L.), Fullerton, J.M. (Janice M.), Green, M.J. (Melissa J.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Lenroot, R.K. (Rhoshel), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Quidé, Y. (Yann), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Seal, M. (Marc), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Rasser, P.E. (Paul E.), Cooper, G. (Gavin), Shannon Weickert, C. (Cynthia), Weickert, T.W. (Thomas W.), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Hong, E. (Elliot), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Beard, L.M. (Lauren M.), Gur, R.E. (Raquel), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Belger, A. (Aysenil), Brown, G.G. (Gregory G.), Ford, J.M. (Judith M.), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mathalon, D.H. (Daniel H.), O'Leary, D.S. (Daniel S.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven), Preda, A. (Adrian), Voyvodic, J. (James), Lim, K.O. (Kelvin), McEwen, S. (Sarah), Yang, F. (Fude), Tan, Y. (Yunlong), Tan, S. (Shuping), Wang, Z. (Zhiren), Fan, F. (Fengmei), Chen, J. (Jingxu), Xiang, H. (Hong), Tang, S. (Shiyou), Guo, H. (Hua), Wan, P. (Ping), Wei, D. (Dong), Bockholt, H.J., Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Wolthusen, R.P.F. (Rick P.F.), King, M.D. (Margaret D.), Shoemaker, J.M. (Jody M.), Sponheim, S.R. (Scott), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Koenders, L. (Laura), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Amelsvoort, T.A.M.J. (Therese) van, Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Assogna, F. (Francesca), Banaj, N. (Nerisa), de Rossi, P. (Pietro), Iorio, M. (Mariangela), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), McKenna, P.J. (Peter J.), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Rotenberg, D. (David), Voineskos, A.N. (Aristotle N.), Ciufolini, S. (Simone), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Dazzan, P. (Paola), Murray, R. (Robin), Reis Marques, T. (Tiago), Simmons, A. (Andrew), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Egloff, L. (Laura), Harrisberger, F. (Fabienne), Riecher-Rössler, A. (Anita), Smieskova, R. (Renata), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Wang, L. (Lei), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Koops, S. (Sanne), Sommer, I.E.C. (Iris E.C.), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Neilson, E. (Emma), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), Stephen, J.M. (Julia M.), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), McDonald, C. (Colm), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Akhadov, T. (Tolibjohn), Kaleda, V. (Vasily), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Flyckt, L. (Lena), Farde, L. (Lars), Engberg, G. (Göran), Erhardt, S. (Sophie), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Schwieler, L. (Lilly), Piehl, F. (Fredrik), Collste, K. (Karin), Victorsson, P. (Pauliina), Malmqvist, A. (Anna), Hedberg, M. (Mikael), Orhan, F. (Funda), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G.P.), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Hoschl, C. (Cyril), Skoch, A. (Antonin), Spaniel, F. (Filip), Tomecek, D. (David), Hagenaars, S. (Saskia), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Whalley, H.C. (Heather C.), Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Knöchel, C. (Christian), Oertel-Knöchel, V. (Viola), Stäblein, M. (Michael), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Stein, D.J. (Dan), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Lopez-Jaramillo, C. (Carlos), Dima, D. (Danai), McMahon, A. (Agnes), Faskowitz, J.I. (Joshua I.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), and Turner, J. (Jessica)
Abstract: Background: The profile of cortical neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia is not fully understood, despite hundreds of published structural brain imaging studies. This
Published: 2018
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6. Age at first birth in women is genetically associated with increased risk of schizophrenia

Author: Ni, G. (Guiyan), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Wray, N.R. (Naomi R.), Lee, S.H. (Sang Hong), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Walters, J.T. (James), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Collier, D.A. (David), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Agerbo, E. (Esben), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Begemann, M. (Martin), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bene, J. (Judit), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Chan, R.C.K. (Raymond C. K.), Chen, R.Y.L. (Ronald Y.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y. H.), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cheung, E.F.C. (Eric F. C.), Chong, S.A. (Siow Ann), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cohen, N. (Nadine), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Demontis, D. (Ditte), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Durmishi, N. (Naser), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedl, M., Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Golimbet, V. (Vera), Gopal, R. (Robin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hammer, C. (Christian), Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Hollegaard, M.V. (Mads V), Hougaard, D.M. (David), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Juliá, A. (Antonio), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karachanak-Yankova, S. (Sena), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kennedy, J.L., Khrunin, A. (Andrey), Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Klovins, J. (Janis), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Kučinskas, V. (Vaidutis), Kucinskiene, Z.A. (Zita Ausrele), Kuzelova-Ptackova, H. (Hana), Kähler, J. (Jan), Laurent, C. (Camille), Keong, J.L.C. (Jimmy Lee Chee), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Li, M. (Miaoxin), Li, T. (Tao), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Limborska, S. (Svetlana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Macek, M. (Milan MI), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Marsal, S. (Sara), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melegh, B. (Bela), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W.), Mors, O., Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Nelis, M. (Mari), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nikitina-Zake, L. (Liene), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), O'neill, F.A. (F. Anthony), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), Os, J.V. (Jim Van), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Papiol, S. (Sergi), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. (Milica), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schubert, C.R. (Christian R.), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Sigurdsson, E. (Engilbert), Silagadze, T. (Teimuraz), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Sim, K. (Kang), Slominsky, P. (Petr), Smoller, J.W., So, H.-C. (Hon-Cheong), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Stogmann, E. (Elisabeth), Straub, R.E. (Richard), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J. (Jana), Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Subramaniam, V. (Venkat), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Söderman, E. (Erik), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Toncheva, D. (Draga), Tosato, S. (Sarah), Veijola, J. (Juha), Waddington, J. (John), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Wang, D. (Dai), Wang, Q. (Qiang), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wong, E.H.M. (Emily H.M.), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Xi, H.S. (Hualin Simon), Zai, C.C. (Clement C.), Zheng, X. (Xuebin), Zimprich, F. (Fritz), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D.), Borglum, A.D. (Anders), Cichon, S. (Sven), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Ehrenreich, H. (Hannelore), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Lencz, T. (Todd), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Malhotra, A.K. (Anil K), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Mortensen, P.B., Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey L.), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sham, P.C. (Pak C.), Sklar, P. (Pamela), Clair, D.S., Weinberger, D.R. (Daniel), Wendland, A. (Annika), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Ni, G. (Guiyan), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Wray, N.R. (Naomi R.), Lee, S.H. (Sang Hong), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Walters, J.T. (James), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Collier, D.A. (David), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Agerbo, E. (Esben), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Begemann, M. (Martin), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bene, J. (Judit), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Chan, R.C.K. (Raymond C. K.), Chen, R.Y.L. (Ronald Y.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y. H.), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cheung, E.F.C. (Eric F. C.), Chong, S.A. (Siow Ann), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cohen, N. (Nadine), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Demontis, D. (Ditte), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Durmishi, N. (Naser), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedl, M., Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Golimbet, V. (Vera), Gopal, R. (Robin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hammer, C. (Christian), Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Hollegaard, M.V. (Mads V), Hougaard, D.M. (David), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Juliá, A. (Antonio), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karachanak-Yankova, S. (Sena), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kennedy, J.L., Khrunin, A. (Andrey), Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Klovins, J. (Janis), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Kučinskas, V. (Vaidutis), Kucinskiene, Z.A. (Zita Ausrele), Kuzelova-Ptackova, H. (Hana), Kähler, J. (Jan), Laurent, C. (Camille), Keong, J.L.C. (Jimmy Lee Chee), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Li, M. (Miaoxin), Li, T. (Tao), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Limborska, S. (Svetlana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Macek, M. (Milan MI), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Marsal, S. (Sara), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melegh, B. (Bela), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W.), Mors, O., Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Nelis, M. (Mari), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nikitina-Zake, L. (Liene), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), O'neill, F.A. (F. Anthony), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), Os, J.V. (Jim Van), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Papiol, S. (Sergi), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. (Milica), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schubert, C.R. (Christian R.), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Sigurdsson, E. (Engilbert), Silagadze, T. (Teimuraz), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Sim, K. (Kang), Slominsky, P. (Petr), Smoller, J.W., So, H.-C. (Hon-Cheong), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Stogmann, E. (Elisabeth), Straub, R.E. (Richard), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J. (Jana), Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Subramaniam, V. (Venkat), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Söderman, E. (Erik), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Toncheva, D. (Draga), Tosato, S. (Sarah), Veijola, J. (Juha), Waddington, J. (John), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Wang, D. (Dai), Wang, Q. (Qiang), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wong, E.H.M. (Emily H.M.), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Xi, H.S. (Hualin Simon), Zai, C.C. (Clement C.), Zheng, X. (Xuebin), Zimprich, F. (Fritz), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D.), Borglum, A.D. (Anders), Cichon, S. (Sven), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Ehrenreich, H. (Hannelore), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Lencz, T. (Todd), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Malhotra, A.K. (Anil K), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Mortensen, P.B., Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey L.), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sham, P.C. (Pak C.), Sklar, P. (Pamela), Clair, D.S., Weinberger, D.R. (Daniel), Wendland, A. (Annika), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), and O'donovan, M.C. (Michael)
Abstract: Previous studies have shown an increased risk for mental health problems in children born to both younger and older parents compared to children of average-aged parents. We previously used a novel design to reveal a latent mechanism of genetic association between schizophrenia and age at first birth in women (AFB). Here, we use independent data from the UK Biobank (N = 38,892) to replicate the finding of an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women, and to estimate the genetic correlation between schizophrenia
Published: 2018
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7. Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects

Author: Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Sebat, J. (Jonathan), Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), and Sebat, J. (Jonathan)
Abstract: Copy number variants (CNVs) have been strongly implicated in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, genome-wide investigation of the contribution of CNV to risk has been hampered by limited sample sizes. We sought to address this obstacle by applying a centralized analysis pipeline to a SCZ cohort of 21,094 cases and 20,227 controls. A global enrichment of CNV burden was observed in cases (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, P = 5.7 × 10-15), which persisted after excluding loci implicated in previous studies (OR = 1.07, P = 1.7 × 10-6). CNV burden was enriched for genes associated with synaptic function (OR = 1.68, P = 2.8 × 10-11) and neurobehavioral phenotypes in mouse (OR = 1.18, P = 7.3 × 10-5). Genome-wide significant evidence was obtained for eight loci, including 1q21.1, 2p16.3 (NRXN1), 3q29, 7q11.2, 15q13.3, distal 16p11.2, proximal 16p11.2 and 22q11.2. Suggestive support was found for eight additional candidate susceptibility and protective loci, which consisted predominantly of CNVs mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination.
Published: 2017
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8. Levels of red blood cell fatty acids in patients with psychosis, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls

Author: Medema, S. (Suzanne), Mocking, L.P.C.M. (Remco), Koëter, M. (Maarten), Vaz, F.M. (Frédéric M.), Meijer, C. (Carin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, De Van Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico J. M.), Kahn, R. (René), Van Os, J. (Jim), Wiersma, D. (Durk), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Medema, S. (Suzanne), Mocking, L.P.C.M. (Remco), Koëter, M. (Maarten), Vaz, F.M. (Frédéric M.), Meijer, C. (Carin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, De Van Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico J. M.), Kahn, R. (René), Van Os, J. (Jim), Wiersma, D. (Durk), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), and Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez)
Abstract: Background: Two recent meta- Analyses showed decreased red blood cell (RBC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) in schizophrenia and related disorders. However, both these meta- Analyses report considerable heterogeneity, probably related to differences in patient samples between studies. Here, we investigated whether variations in RBC FA are associated with psychosis, and thus may be an intermediate phenotype of the disorder. Methods: For the present study, a total of 215 patients (87% outpatients), 187 siblings, and 98 controls were investigated for multiple FA analyses. Based on previous studies, we investigated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), arachidonic acid (AA), linoleic acid (LA), nervonic acid (NA), and eicasopentaenoic acid (EPA). On an exploratory basis, a large number of additional FA were investigated. Multilevel mixed models were used to compare the FA between the 3 groups. Results: Compared to controls, both patients and siblings showed significantly increased DHA, DPA, AA, and NA. LA was significantly higher in siblings compared to controls. EPA was not significantly different between the 3 groups. Also the exploratory FA were increased in patients and siblings. Conclusions: We found increased RBC FA DHA, DPA, AA, and NA in patients and siblings compared to controls. The direction of change is similar in both patients and siblings, which may suggest a shared environment and/or an intermediate phenotype. Differences between patient samples reflecting
Published: 2016
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9. Evidence for a shared etiological mechanism of psychotic symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders and their siblings

Author: Swets, M. (Marije), Van Dael, F. (Frank), Roza, S.J. (Sabine), Schoevers, R. (Robert), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Kahn, R. (René), Meijer, C. (Carin), Os, J. (Jim) van, Wiersma, D. (Durk), Swets, M. (Marije), Van Dael, F. (Frank), Roza, S.J. (Sabine), Schoevers, R. (Robert), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Kahn, R. (René), Meijer, C. (Carin), Os, J. (Jim) van, and Wiersma, D. (Durk)
Abstract: The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in subjects with psychotic disorder is much higher than in the general population. The higher than chance co-occurrence has also been demonstrated at the level of subclinical expression of both phenotypes. Both extended phenotypes have been shown to cluster in families. However, little is known about the origins of their elevated co-occurrence. In the present study, evidence for a shared etiological mechanism was investigated in 3 samples with decreasing levels of familial psychosis liability: 987 patients, 973 of their unaffected siblings and 566 healthy controls. The association between the obsessive-compulsive phenotype and the psychosis phenotype c.q. psychosis liability was investigated. First, the association was assessed between (subclinical) obsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychosis liability. Second, in a cross-sib cross-trait analysis, it was examined whether (subclinical) obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the patient were associated with (subclinical) psychotic symptoms in the related unaffected sibling. Evidence was found for both associations, which is compatible with a partially shared etiological pathway underlying obsessive-compulsive and psychotic disorder. This is the first study that used a cross-sib cross-trait design in patients and unaffected siblings, thus circumventing confounding by disease-related factors present in clinical samples.
Published: 2015
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10. Insight change in psychosis: Relationship with neurocognition, social cognition, clinical symptoms and phase of illness

Author: Quee, P.J. (P.), Meer, L. (Lisette) van der, Krabbendam, L. (Lydia), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Wiersma, D. (Durk), Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Pijnenborg, G.H.M. (G. H M), Mulder, C.L. (Niels), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Aleman, A. (André), Quee, P.J. (P.), Meer, L. (Lisette) van der, Krabbendam, L. (Lydia), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Wiersma, D. (Durk), Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Pijnenborg, G.H.M. (G. H M), Mulder, C.L. (Niels), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), and Aleman, A. (André)
Abstract: Objective: Impaired insight is an important and prevalent symptom of psychosis. It remains unclear whether cognitive disturbances hamper improvements in insight. We investigated the neurocognitive, social cognitive, and clinical correlates of changes in insight. Method: One hundred and fifty-four patients with a psychotic disorder were assessed at baseline (T0) and after three years (T3) with the Birchwood Insight Scale, the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale, measures of neurocognition and social cognition. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine to what extend neurocognition, social cognition, clinical symptoms and phase of illness could uniquely predict insight change. Subsequently, changes in these factors were related to insight change. Results: Better neurocognitive performance and fewer clinical symptoms at baseline explained insight improvements. The additional effect of clinical symptoms over and above the contribution of neurocognition was significant. Together, these factors explained 10% of the variance. Social cognition and phase of illness could not predict insight change. Changes in clinical symptoms, but not changes in neurocognitive performance were associated with insight change. Conclusion: Neurocognitive abilities may predict, in part, the development of insight in psychosis.
Published: 2014
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11. Evidence for disturbed insulin and growth hormone signaling as potential risk factors in the development of schizophrenia

Author: Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Schwarz, E. (Emanuel), Noll, R. van der, Guest, P.C. (Paul), Meijer, C. (Carin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Bahn, S. (Sabine), Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Schwarz, E. (Emanuel), Noll, R. van der, Guest, P.C. (Paul), Meijer, C. (Carin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, and Bahn, S. (Sabine)
Abstract: olecular abnormalities in metabolic, hormonal and immune pathways are present in peripheral body fluids of a significant subgroup of schizophrenia patients. The authors have tested whether such disturbances also occur in psychiatrically ill and unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients with the aim of identifying potential contributing factors to disease vulnerability. The subjects were recruited as part of the Genetic Risk and OUtcome of Psychosis (GROUP) study. The authors used multiplexed immunoassays to measure the levels of 184 molecules in serum from 112 schizophrenia patients, 133 siblings and 87 unrelated controls. Consistent with the findings of previous studies, serum from schizophrenia patients contained higher levels of insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin, decreased levels of growth hormone and altered concentrations of molecules involved in inflammation. In addition, significant differences were found in the levels of some of these proteins in siblings diagnosed with mood disorders (n = 16) and in unaffected siblings (n = 117). Most significantly, the insulin/growth hormone ratio was higher across all groups compared with the controls. Taken together, these findings suggest the presence of a molecular endophenotype involving disruption of insulin and growth factor signaling pathways as an increased risk factor for schizophrenia.
Published: 2014
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12. The ENIGMA Consortium: Large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data

Author: Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Stein, J.L., Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek), Vásquez, A.A. (Arias), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Toro, R. (Roberto), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Franke, B. (Barbara), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Alda, M. (Martin), Alhusaini, S. (Saud), Almasy, L. (Laura), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Apostolova, L.G. (Liana), Appel, K. (Katja), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola), Aribisala, B. (Benjamin), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Bauer, M. (Michael), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Bergmann, Ø. (Ørjan), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Blangero, J. (John), Bockholt, H.J., Bøen, E. (Erlend), Bois, M. (Monique), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Booth, T. (Tom), Bowman, I.J. (Ian), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Brunner, H.G., Brohawn, D.G. (David), Buckner, M., Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Bulayeva, K. (Kazima), Bustillo, J., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), Cantor, R.M., Carless, M.A. (Melanie), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Cavalleri, G. (Gianpiero), Chakravarty, M.M. (M. Mallar), Chang, K.D. (Kiki), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Christoforou, A. (Andrea), Cichon, S. (Sven), Clark, V.P., Conrod, P. (Patricia), Coppola, D. (Domenico), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Curran, J.E. (Joanne), Czisch, M. (Michael), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Delvecchio, G. (Giuseppe), Depondt, C. (Chantal), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Dima, D. (Danai), Dimitrova, R. (Rali), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Dong, H. (Hongwei), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Duggirala, A. (Aparna), Dyer, M.D. (Matthew), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Ekman, C.J. (Carl Johan), Elvsåshagen, T. (Torbjørn), Emsell, L. (Louise), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fagerness, J. (Jesen), Fears, S. (Scott), Fedko, I. (Iryna), Fernandez, G. (Guillén), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Foroud, T. (Tatiana), Fox, P.T. (Peter), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Frey, E.M. (Eva Maria), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Frouin, V. (Vincent), Garavan, H. (Hugh), Giddaluru, S. (Sudheer), Glahn, D.C. (David), Godlewska, B. (Beata), Goldstein, R.Z. (Rita), Gollub, R.L. (Randy), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Guadalupe, T. (Tulio), Gur, R.E. (Raquel), Gur, R.C. (Ruben), Göring, H.H.H. (Harald), Hagenaars, S. (Saskia), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Hall, G.B. (Garry), Hall, J. (Jeremy), Hardy, J. (John), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina), Hass, J. (Johanna), Hatton, W., Haukvik, U.K. (Unn), Hegenscheid, K. (Katrin), Heinz, J. (Judith), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.C. (Beng ), Hoehn, D. (David), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hollinshead, M. (Marisa), Holmes, A.J. (Avram), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hong, L.E. (L.Elliot), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke), Hwang, K.S. (Kristy), Jack Jr., C.R. (Clifford), Jenkinson, S. (Sarah), Johnston, C., Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kahn, R.S. (René), Kasperaviciute, D. (Dalia), Kelly, S. (Steve), Kim, S. (Shinseog), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koenders, L. (Laura), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kwok, J.B.J. (John), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Laje, G. (Gonzalo), Landén, M. (Mikael), Landman, B.A. (Bennett), Lauriello, J., Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Le Hellard, S. (Stephanie), Lemaître, H. (Herve), Leonardo, C.D. (Cassandra), Li, C.-S. (Chiang-shan), Liberg, B. (Benny), Liewald, D.C.M. (David), Liu, X. (Xinmin), Lopez, L.M. (Lorna), Loth, E. (Eva), Lourdusamy, A. (Anbarasu), Luciano, M. (Michelle), MacCiardi, F. (Fabio), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), MacQueen, G.M. (Glenda), Malt, U.F. (Ulrik), Mandl, R. (René), Manoach, D.S. (Dara), Martinot, J.-L. (Jean-Luc), Matarin, M. (Mar), Mather, R., Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), Meyer-Lindenberg, A., McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Mcmahon, F.J. (Francis J), Mcmahon, K.L. (Katie), Meisenzahl, E. (Eva), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Mohnke, S. (Sebastian), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Moses, E.K. (Eric), Mueller, B.A. (Bryon ), Muñoz Maniega, S. (Susana), Mühleisen, T.W. (Thomas), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Mwangi, B. (Benson), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nho, K. (Kwangsik), Nichols, T.E. (Thomas), Nilsson, L.G., Nugent, A.C. (Allison), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Olvera, R.L. (Rene), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Pandolfo, M. (Massimo), Papalampropoulou-Tsiridou, M. (Melina), Papmeyer, M. (Martina), Paus, T. (Tomas), Pausova, Z. (Zdenka), Pearlson, G. (Godfrey), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Peterson, C.P. (Charles), Pfennig, A. (Andrea), Phillips, M. (Mary), Pike, G.B. (G Bruce), Poline, J.B. (Jean Baptiste), Potkin, S.G. (Steven), Pütz, B. (Benno), Ramasamy, A. (Adaikalavan), Rasmussen, J. (Jerod), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Rijpkema, M. (Mark), Risacher, S.L. (Shannon), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roiz-Santiañez, R. (Roberto), Romanczuk-Seiferth, N. (Nina), Rose, E.J. (Emma), Royle, N.A. (Natalie), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Ryten, M. (Mina), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salami, A. (Alireza), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Savitz, J. (Jonathan), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Scanlon, C. (Cathy), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnack, H. (Hugo), Schork, N.J. (Nicholas), Schulz, S.C. (S.Charles), Schür, R. (Remmelt), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shen, L. (Li), Shoemaker, L. (Lawrence), Simmons, A. (Andrew), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smith, C. (Colin), Smoller, J.W., Soares, J.C. (Jair), Sponheim, S.R. (Scott), Sprooten, R. (Roy), Starr, J.M. (John), Steen, V.M. (Vidar), Strakowski, S. (Stephen), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Sussmann, J. (Jessika), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Toga, A.W. (Arthur), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trabzuni, D. (Danyah), Trost, S. (Sarah), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, M. (Martijn) van den, Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, Eijk, K.R. (Kristel) van, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.) van, Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Tol, M.J.D. (Marie-José) van, Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Versace, A. (Amelia), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walker, R. (Robert), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Wang, L. (Lei), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Weale, M.E. (Michael), Weiner, M.W. (Michael), Wen, W. (Wei), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H.C. (Heather), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), White, T.J.H. (Tonya), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Woldehawariat, G. (Girma), Björnsson, A. (Asgeir), Zilles, D. (David), Zwiers, M.P. (Marcel), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Almeida, J.R. (Jorge), Schofield, C.J. (Christopher), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Lawrence, N.S. (Natalia), Drevets, D.A. (Douglas), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Stein, J.L., Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek), Vásquez, A.A. (Arias), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Toro, R. (Roberto), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Franke, B. (Barbara), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Alda, M. (Martin), Alhusaini, S. (Saud), Almasy, L. (Laura), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Apostolova, L.G. (Liana), Appel, K. (Katja), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola), Aribisala, B. (Benjamin), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Bauer, M. (Michael), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Bergmann, Ø. (Ørjan), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Blangero, J. (John), Bockholt, H.J., Bøen, E. (Erlend), Bois, M. (Monique), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Booth, T. (Tom), Bowman, I.J. (Ian), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Brunner, H.G., Brohawn, D.G. (David), Buckner, M., Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Bulayeva, K. (Kazima), Bustillo, J., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), Cantor, R.M., Carless, M.A. (Melanie), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Cavalleri, G. (Gianpiero), Chakravarty, M.M. (M. Mallar), Chang, K.D. (Kiki), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Christoforou, A. (Andrea), Cichon, S. (Sven), Clark, V.P., Conrod, P. (Patricia), Coppola, D. (Domenico), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Curran, J.E. (Joanne), Czisch, M. (Michael), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Delvecchio, G. (Giuseppe), Depondt, C. (Chantal), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Dima, D. (Danai), Dimitrova, R. (Rali), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Dong, H. (Hongwei), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Duggirala, A. (Aparna), Dyer, M.D. (Matthew), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Ekman, C.J. (Carl Johan), Elvsåshagen, T. (Torbjørn), Emsell, L. (Louise), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fagerness, J. (Jesen), Fears, S. (Scott), Fedko, I. (Iryna), Fernandez, G. (Guillén), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Foroud, T. (Tatiana), Fox, P.T. (Peter), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Frey, E.M. (Eva Maria), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Frouin, V. (Vincent), Garavan, H. (Hugh), Giddaluru, S. (Sudheer), Glahn, D.C. (David), Godlewska, B. (Beata), Goldstein, R.Z. (Rita), Gollub, R.L. (Randy), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Guadalupe, T. (Tulio), Gur, R.E. (Raquel), Gur, R.C. (Ruben), Göring, H.H.H. (Harald), Hagenaars, S. (Saskia), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Hall, G.B. (Garry), Hall, J. (Jeremy), Hardy, J. (John), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina), Hass, J. (Johanna), Hatton, W., Haukvik, U.K. (Unn), Hegenscheid, K. (Katrin), Heinz, J. (Judith), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.C. (Beng ), Hoehn, D. (David), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hollinshead, M. (Marisa), Holmes, A.J. (Avram), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hong, L.E. (L.Elliot), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke), Hwang, K.S. (Kristy), Jack Jr., C.R. (Clifford), Jenkinson, S. (Sarah), Johnston, C., Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kahn, R.S. (René), Kasperaviciute, D. (Dalia), Kelly, S. (Steve), Kim, S. (Shinseog), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koenders, L. (Laura), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kwok, J.B.J. (John), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Laje, G. (Gonzalo), Landén, M. (Mikael), Landman, B.A. (Bennett), Lauriello, J., Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Le Hellard, S. (Stephanie), Lemaître, H. (Herve), Leonardo, C.D. (Cassandra), Li, C.-S. (Chiang-shan), Liberg, B. (Benny), Liewald, D.C.M. (David), Liu, X. (Xinmin), Lopez, L.M. (Lorna), Loth, E. (Eva), Lourdusamy, A. (Anbarasu), Luciano, M. (Michelle), MacCiardi, F. (Fabio), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), MacQueen, G.M. (Glenda), Malt, U.F. (Ulrik), Mandl, R. (René), Manoach, D.S. (Dara), Martinot, J.-L. (Jean-Luc), Matarin, M. (Mar), Mather, R., Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), Meyer-Lindenberg, A., McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Mcmahon, F.J. (Francis J), Mcmahon, K.L. (Katie), Meisenzahl, E. (Eva), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Mohnke, S. (Sebastian), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Moses, E.K. (Eric), Mueller, B.A. (Bryon ), Muñoz Maniega, S. (Susana), Mühleisen, T.W. (Thomas), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Mwangi, B. (Benson), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nho, K. (Kwangsik), Nichols, T.E. (Thomas), Nilsson, L.G., Nugent, A.C. (Allison), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Olvera, R.L. (Rene), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Pandolfo, M. (Massimo), Papalampropoulou-Tsiridou, M. (Melina), Papmeyer, M. (Martina), Paus, T. (Tomas), Pausova, Z. (Zdenka), Pearlson, G. (Godfrey), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Peterson, C.P. (Charles), Pfennig, A. (Andrea), Phillips, M. (Mary), Pike, G.B. (G Bruce), Poline, J.B. (Jean Baptiste), Potkin, S.G. (Steven), Pütz, B. (Benno), Ramasamy, A. (Adaikalavan), Rasmussen, J. (Jerod), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Rijpkema, M. (Mark), Risacher, S.L. (Shannon), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roiz-Santiañez, R. (Roberto), Romanczuk-Seiferth, N. (Nina), Rose, E.J. (Emma), Royle, N.A. (Natalie), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Ryten, M. (Mina), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salami, A. (Alireza), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Savitz, J. (Jonathan), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Scanlon, C. (Cathy), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnack, H. (Hugo), Schork, N.J. (Nicholas), Schulz, S.C. (S.Charles), Schür, R. (Remmelt), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shen, L. (Li), Shoemaker, L. (Lawrence), Simmons, A. (Andrew), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smith, C. (Colin), Smoller, J.W., Soares, J.C. (Jair), Sponheim, S.R. (Scott), Sprooten, R. (Roy), Starr, J.M. (John), Steen, V.M. (Vidar), Strakowski, S. (Stephen), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Sussmann, J. (Jessika), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Toga, A.W. (Arthur), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trabzuni, D. (Danyah), Trost, S. (Sarah), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, M. (Martijn) van den, Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, Eijk, K.R. (Kristel) van, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.) van, Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Tol, M.J.D. (Marie-José) van, Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Versace, A. (Amelia), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walker, R. (Robert), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Wang, L. (Lei), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Weale, M.E. (Michael), Weiner, M.W. (Michael), Wen, W. (Wei), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H.C. (Heather), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), White, T.J.H. (Tonya), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Woldehawariat, G. (Girma), Björnsson, A. (Asgeir), Zilles, D. (David), Zwiers, M.P. (Marcel), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Almeida, J.R. (Jorge), Schofield, C.J. (Christopher), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Lawrence, N.S. (Natalia), and Drevets, D.A. (Douglas)
Abstract: The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
Published: 2014
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13. Replicated evidence of absence of association between serum S100B and (risk of) psychotic disorder

Author: Leeuw, C. (Christine) van der, Marcelis, M. (Machteld), Peeters, S.C.T. (Sanne), Verbeek, M.M. (Marcel), Menheere, P.P.C.A. (Paul), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Os, J. (Jim) van, Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Leeuw, C. (Christine) van der, Marcelis, M. (Machteld), Peeters, S.C.T. (Sanne), Verbeek, M.M. (Marcel), Menheere, P.P.C.A. (Paul), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Os, J. (Jim) van, and Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van
Abstract: Background: S100B is a potential marker of neurological and psychiatric illness. In schizophrenia, increased S100B levels, as well as associations with acute positive and persisting negative symptoms, have been reported. It remains unclear whether S100B elevation, which possibly reflects glial dysfunction, is the consequence of disease or compensatory processes, or whether it is an indicator of familial risk. Methods: Serum samples were acquired from two large independent family samples (n = 348 and n = 254) in the Netherlands comprising patients with psychotic disorder (n = 140 and n = 82), non-psychotic siblings of patients with psychotic disorder (n = 125 and n = 94) and controls (n = 83 and n = 78). S100B was analyzed with a Liaison automated chemiluminescence system. Associations between familial risk of psychotic disorder and S100B were examined. Results: Results showed that S100B levels in patients (P) and siblings (S) were not significantly different from controls (C) (dataset 1: P vs. C: B = 0.004, 95% CI 20.005 to 0.013, p = 0.351; S vs. C: B = 0.000, 95% CI 20.009 to 0.008, p = 0.926; and dataset 2: P vs. C: B = 0.008, 95% CI 20.011 to 0.028, p = 0.410; S vs. C: B = 0.002, 95% CI 20.016 to 0.021, p = 0.797). In patients, negative symptoms were positively associated with S100B (B = 0.001, 95% CI 0.000 to 0.002, p = 0.005) in one of the datasets, however with failure of replication in the other. There was no significant association between S100B and positive symptoms or present use or type of antipsychotic medication. Conclusions: S100B is neither an intermediate phenotype, nor a trait marker for psychotic illness.
Published: 2013
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14. Marked reduction of AKT1 expression and deregulation of AKT1-associated pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of schizophrenia patients

Author: Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Swagemakers, S.M.A. (Sigrid), Krab, L.C. (Lianne), Röder, C.H. (Christian), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Spek, P.J. (Peter) van der, Elgersma, Y. (Ype), Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Swagemakers, S.M.A. (Sigrid), Krab, L.C. (Lianne), Röder, C.H. (Christian), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Spek, P.J. (Peter) van der, and Elgersma, Y. (Ype)
Abstract: Background: Recent studies have suggested that deregulated AKT1 signaling is associated with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that if this is indeed the case, we should observe both decreased AKT1 expression as well as deregulation of AKT1 regulated pathways in Peripheral Blood M
Published: 2012
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15. The Amsterdam studies of acute psychiatry I (ASAP-I); A prospective cohort study of determinants and outcome of coercive versus voluntary treatment interventions in a metropolitan area

Author: Post, L. (Louk) van der, Schoevers, R. (Robert), Koppelmans, V. (Vincent), Visch, I. (Irene), Bernardt, C.M.L. (Clemens), Mulder, C.L. (Niels), Beekman, A.T.F. (Aartjan), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Dekker, J. (Jan), Post, L. (Louk) van der, Schoevers, R. (Robert), Koppelmans, V. (Vincent), Visch, I. (Irene), Bernardt, C.M.L. (Clemens), Mulder, C.L. (Niels), Beekman, A.T.F. (Aartjan), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, and Dekker, J. (Jan)
Abstract: Background: The overall number of involuntary admissions is increasing in many European countries. Patients with severe mental illnesses more often progress to stages in which acute, coercive treatment is warranted. The number of studies that have examined this development and possible consequences in terms of optimizing health care delivery in emergency psychiatry is small and have a number of methodological shortcomings. The current study seeks to examine factors associated with compulsory admissions in the Amsterdam region, taking into account a comprehensive model with four groups of predictors: patient vulnerability, social support, responsiveness of the health care system and treatment adherence. Methods/Design: This paper describes the design of the Amsterdam Study of Acute Psychiatry-I (ASAP-I). The study is a prospective cohort study, with one and two-year follow-up, comparing patients with and without forced admission by means of a selected nested case-control design. An estimated total number of 4,600 patients, aged 18 years and over, consecutively coming into contact with the Psychiatric Emergency Service Amsterdam (PESA) are included in the study. From this cohort, a randomly selected group of 125 involuntary admitted subjects and 125 subjects receiving non-coercive treatment are selected for further evaluation and comparison. First, socio-demographic, psychopathological and network characteristics, and prior use of health services will be described for all patients who come into contact with PESA. Second, the in-depth study of compulsory versus voluntary patients will examine which patient characteristics are associated with acute compulsory admission, also taking into account social network and healthcare variables. The third focus of the study is on the associations between patient vulnerability, social support, healthcare characteristics and treatment adherence in a two-year follow-up for patients with or without involuntarily admittance at the inde
Published: 2008
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16. A visual metaphor describing neural dynamics in Schizophrenia

Author: Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Beveren, N.J.M. (Nico) van, and Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de
Abstract: Background: In many scientific disciplines the use of a metaphor as an heuristic aid is not uncommon. A well known example in somatic medicine is the 'defense army metaphor' used to characterize the immune system. In fact, probably a large part of the everyday work of doctors consists of 'translating' scientific and clinical information (i.e. causes of disease, percentage of succes versus risk of side-effects) into information tailored to the needs and capacities of the individual patient. The ability to do so in an effective way is at least partly what makes a clinician a good communicator. Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder which affects approximately 1% of the population. Over the last two decades a large amount of molecular-biological, imaging and genetic data have been accumulated regarding the biological underpinnings of schizophrenia. However, it remains difficult to understand how the characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations and delusions are related to disturbances on the molecular-biological level. In general, psychiatry seems to lack a conceptual framework with sufficient explanatory power to link the mental- and molecular-biological domains. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, we present an essay-like study in which we propose to use visualized concepts stemming from the theory on dynamical complex systems as a 'visual metaphor' to bridge the mental- and molecular-biological domains in schizophrenia. We first describe a computer model of neural information processing; we show how the information processing in this model can be visualized, using concepts from the theory on complex systems. We then describe two computer models which have been used to investigate the primary theory on schizophrenia, the neurodevelopmental model, and show how disturbed information processing in these two computer models can be presented in terms of the visual metaphor previously described. Finally, we describe the effects of dopamine neur
Published: 2008
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16 results on '"Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de"'

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3. To continue or not to continue? Antipsychotic medication maintenance versus dose-reduction/discontinuation in first episode psychosis: HAMLETT, a pragmatic multicenter single-blind randomized controlled trial

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6. Age at first birth in women is genetically associated with increased risk of schizophrenia

7. Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects

8. Levels of red blood cell fatty acids in patients with psychosis, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls

9. Evidence for a shared etiological mechanism of psychotic symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders and their siblings

10. Insight change in psychosis: Relationship with neurocognition, social cognition, clinical symptoms and phase of illness

11. Evidence for disturbed insulin and growth hormone signaling as potential risk factors in the development of schizophrenia

12. The ENIGMA Consortium: Large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data

13. Replicated evidence of absence of association between serum S100B and (risk of) psychotic disorder

14. Marked reduction of AKT1 expression and deregulation of AKT1-associated pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of schizophrenia patients

15. The Amsterdam studies of acute psychiatry I (ASAP-I); A prospective cohort study of determinants and outcome of coercive versus voluntary treatment interventions in a metropolitan area

16. A visual metaphor describing neural dynamics in Schizophrenia

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