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P/TGMS (Photo/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile) lines are crucial resources for two-line hybrid rice breeding. Previous studies revealed that slow development is a general mechanism for sterility-fertility conversion of P/TGMS in Arabidopsis. However, the difference in P/TGMS genes between rice and Arabidopsis suggests the presence of a distinct P/TGMS mechanism in rice. In this study, we isolated a novel P/TGMS line, ostms19, which shows sterility under high-temperature conditions and fertility under low-temperature conditions. OsTMS19 encodes a novel pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein essential for pollen formation, in which a point mutation GTA(Val) to GCA(Ala) leads to ostms19 P/TGMS phenotype. It is highly expressed in the tapetum and localized to mitochondria. Under high temperature or long-day photoperiod conditions, excessive ROS accumulation in ostms19 anthers during pollen mitosis disrupts gene expression and intine formation, causing male sterility. Conversely, under low temperature or short-day photoperiod conditions, ROS can be effectively scavenged in anthers, resulting in fertility restoration. This indicates that ROS homeostasis is critical for fertility conversion. This relationship between ROS homeostasis and fertility conversion has also been observed in other tested rice P/TGMS lines. Therefore, we propose that ROS homeostasis is a general mechanism for the sterility-fertility conversion of rice P/TGMS lines.

Photoperiod/thermo‐sensitive genic male sterility (P/TGMS) is critical for rice two‐line hybrid system. Previous studies showed that slow development of pollen is a general mechanism for sterility‐to‐fertility conversion of TGMS in Arabidopsis. However, whether this mechanism still exists in rice is unknown. Here, we identified a novel rice TGMS line, ostms16, which exhibits abnormal pollen exine under high temperature and fertility restoration under low temperature. In mutant, a single base mutation of OsTMS16, a fatty acyl‐CoA reductase (FAR), reduced its enzyme activity, leading to defective pollen wall. Under high temperature, the mOsTMS16M549I couldn't provide sufficient protection for the microspores. Under low temperature, the enzyme activity of mOsTMS16M549I is closer to that of OsTMS16, so that the imperfect exine could still protect microspore development. These results indicated whether the residual enzyme activity in mutant could meet the requirement in different temperature is a determinant factor for fertility conversion of P/TGMS lines. Additionally, we previously found that res2, the mutant of a polygalacturonase for tetrad pectin wall degradation, restored multiple TGMS lines in Arabidopsis. In this study, we proved that the osres2 in rice restored the fertility of ostms16, indicating the slow development is also suitable for the fertility restoration in rice. Summary statement: A point mutation of OsTMS16 reduced enzyme activity of a functional protein indispensable for sporopollenin synthesis, resulted in TGMS in Oryza sativa. This study suggests that slow development is a common mechanism shared between rice and Arabidopsis TGMS lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The aimwas to investigate the correlation of Bmi-1 gene expression with the malignant behavior of different types of epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical stains SABC method was used to detect the expression of Bmi-1 in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues, including 10 cases of serous adenocarcinoma, 8 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma, 6 cases of endometrioid carcinoma, 28 cases of benign ovarian tumor and 30 cases of normal ovarian tissue. And the relationship of the expression with age of patients, histological type and clinical stage were statistically analyzed. Results (1) The positive rate of Bmi-1 gene in serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma was 60.00%, 62.50% and 50.00%, respectively. All rates were significantly higher than those in benign epithelial ovarian tumor (7.14%) and normal ovarian tissue (6.67%), with statistical significance (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference among the ovarian epithelial carcinoma histological groups (P > 0.05). (2) In 24 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer, the positive expression rate of Bmi-1 (100%) in the tissue of stage III patients was significantly higher than that in the cancer tissue of stage I-II (41.48%). And the expression was enhanced with the increased clinical stage of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO 2000), with statistical significance (P < 0.05), but the expression of Bmi-1 was no difference in the age of epithelial ovarian cancer patients (P > 0.05). Conclusion Bmi-1 gene plays an important role in the occurrence, development and progress of epithelial ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yang-deficiency constitution (YADC) is linked to a higher vulnerability to various diseases, such as cold coagulation and blood stasis (CCBS) syndrome and infertility. Endometrial hyperplastic processes (EHPs) are a leading cause of infertility in women and are characterized by CCBS. However, it remains unclear whether YADC is related to the development of EHPs., Methods: We recruited 202 EHPs patients including 147 with YADC (YEH group) and 55 with non-YADC (NYEH group). Fecal samples were collected from 8 YEH patients and 3 NYEH patients and analyzed using 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing for gut microbiota analysis. We obtained constitution survey data and a differential gut microbiota dataset from the literature for further analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using gut microbiota-related genes from public databases., Results: YADC was significantly more prevalent in EHPs than non-YADC (P < 0.001), suggesting it as a potential risk factor for EHPs occurrence (OR population survey = 13.471; OR healthy women = 5.173). The YEH group had higher levels of inflammation, estrogen, and tamoxifen-related flora compared to NYEH and healthy YADC groups. There was an interaction between inflammation, estrogen, differential flora, and EHPs-related genes, particularly the TNF gene (related to inflammation) and the EGFR gene (related to estrogen), which may play a crucial role in EHPs development., Conclusion: YEH individuals exhibit significant changes in their gut microbiota compared to NYEH and healthy YADC. The interaction between specific microbiota and host genes is believed to play a critical role in the progression of EHPs., Competing Interests: None., (IJCEP Copyright © 2024.)