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Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Soviet Union had a long and complex relationship with cybernetics, especially in the domain of planning. This article looks at Soviet postwar efforts to draw up plans for the rapidly developing, industrializing, and urbanizing Siberia, where cybernetic models were used to develop a vision of cybernetic socialism. Removed from Moscow bureaucracy and politics, the various planning institutes of the Siberian Academy of Sciences became a key frontier for exploring the potential of cybernetic thinking to offer a necessary corrective to Soviet planning. Researchers there put forth a vision of a dynamic Soviet economy managed through partially automated subsystems, which, while decentralized, would grant the central planning apparatus flexibility, a capacity for emergence, and overall solvency in the face of increasingly complex factors that required consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the Russian expansion into Siberia with a look at Frederick Turner's frontier thesis. Definition of both countries' territories; Sart of Russia's eventual domination of this vast region; Private incentive as the inspiration for the actual thrust into Siberia; Impact on Siberian life and settlement.

Although histories of migration to Siberia describe the eighteenth century as a period of less movement than either the seventeenth or nineteenth centuries, the regulation of such mobility evolved considerably over the course of the century. This article looks at three foci of legislation: the act of getting to Siberia, the act of fixing oneself in an official status in Siberia, and the legislation of forced and targeted mobility. In all these areas, decrees show a change from viewing Siberia as a distinctly different space with its own rules and exceptions to a space more fully integrated with the larger system of governance in the empire and more fully understood as a part of Russia proper, not simply as a mercantile colony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article investigates the projects for creating a self-governing system in Siberia between the revolution of 1905-1907 and the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920. Analysis of original newspaper articles and archival material shows that these projects shared an aspiration for the establishment of a democratic system of self-government. The Siberian intelligentsia (the oblastniks) believed that Siberian autonomy would promote the economic and cultural development of the region, while serving All-Russian interests. It was only during the deep social upheavals and crisis of power in 1917 when separatist tendencies became dominant among the Siberian political elite. Anti-Bolshevik forces in Russia considered the Siberian outskirts to be a "territory of salvation" for the future demo cratic non-Soviet Russian state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide a multi-scalar investigation of interactions among hunter-gatherers in the Cis-Baikal region of Eastern Siberia during the transition to the Bronze Age (4900–3700 cal BP). We review and synthesize published data on burial goods and isotopic variation to reconstruct interconnections that existed both within and between hunter-gatherer groups inhabiting the Cis-Baikal's distinct micro-regions, as well as macro-regional interconnections between the Cis-Baikal and neighboring regions of Eurasia. While an extensive body of English-language literature has recently been published on the prehistory of the Cis-Baikal, this literature does not address patterning in the archaeological record at the macro-regional scale. The data we discuss here suggest that by the Bronze Age, Cis-Baikal hunter-gatherers shared several of the hallmark developments that characterized the Bronze Age of the Eurasian Steppe. We attempt to situate the Cis-Baikal within its broader geographic and historical context, and suggest that despite the absence of food production (e.g., herding) in the region at this time, local hunter-gatherers’ mobility practices – involving seasonal movement and periodic aggregation – enabled these groups to participate in networks of interaction that developed throughout the larger region in the Bronze Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dietary isotopic research, coupled with zooarchaeological and bioarchaeological analyses have indicated that fishing was an important element of Early Neolithic subsistence, contributing more to the diet through time, and may have contributed to social differentiation. In order to assess the relative cultural importance of fishing to Neolithic populations, multiple classes of grave goods and radiocarbon dates from the Shamanka II cemetery are analyzed for principal components. Specific relationships between prestige goods, fishing gear, and functional axes are hypothesized to exist if fishing are an important socioeconomic activity. Results suggest that there was no intensification of fishing by the Shamanka II population during two phases of use in the Early Neolithic, and indicate a lack of correlation between fishing gear, axes, and some prestige goods. There appears to be a relationship between the frequency of fishing and hunting gear and radiocarbon dates, and modest relationships between dietary isotopes, radiocarbon dates, and prestige goods. This suggests that while fishing specialists are present in Early Neolithic society and evidence suggests increasing importance of fishing during two separate phases of cemetery use, their role in providing important food resources did not translate to apparent prestige or wealth in certain grave goods during all periods of use at Shamanka II. During two phases of use, fishing, hunting, and non-wearable prestige goods became markedly more important towards the end of the first phase and dominant during a second phase of cemetery use. The role of Shamanka II as a cemetery indicate a biased cultural system if reflective of a community population, and appears to have shifted to a special use cemetery with specific demographic and spatial patterning after a hiatus of a century or more during the Early Neolithic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article shows the complex of information-bibliographic resources generated by Gosudarstvennaia publichnaia nauchno-tekhnicheskaia biblioteka Sibirskogo otdeleniia Rossiskoi akademii nauk (GPNTB SO RAS) [State Public Scientific-Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences], which is the largest research library in Asian Russia, to support historical investigations in Siberia and the Russian Far East. This complex consists of electronic bibliographic and full-text databases, bibliographic retrospective and current indexes of literature. A brief bibliometric analysis of History of Siberia and the Far East (topical, chronological, quantitative, type-species content of documents, etc.) is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses aspects of failure and the poetics of unfinished construction in Northern Siberia. Topics include the anthropology of postsocialism as a distinct problematic as Sovietology gives way to transitology, the elaboration of the work of failure as a regime of truth that signifies otherness, and a depiction of ethnographic context through the Soviet program of noncapitalist development. Other topics include the afterlife of Soviet socialism, and the construction of communism and liberal capitalism.

The article examines the history of the relationship between Russia and Siberia as of July 2016. The relations between Russia and the Siberian Tatars is discussed as well as Russian-style colonization, politics in Siberia, and a military expedition in Siberia. Also tackled are Russians' religious tolerance, the book "American Holocaust: The Conquest of the New World" by David Stannard, and conflict between Czarist administrators and Siberian aborigines.

The governors representing the Tsar in eighteenth-century Siberia had a key role in opening up the Russian East to commerce and troops, but very much also to science. One of the experts called in to explore both the geographic and ethnic nature of the vast empire was Julius von Stubendorff (1811-1878). In the process, von Stubendorff took detailed notes of the languages and customs he encountered. This article introduces four letters which shed light on the complexities of the era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizenship and Land Rights in Tsarist Siberia. Since the 1880s peasant migration to Asiatic Russia became a state policy, regarded as a strategic component of empire building. Resettlement was considered a means to «make the periphery closer» to the center. In its most practical form, it meant to explore the territory and its inhabitants, survey land use, establish boundaries and assign some kind of landownership to the autochthonous population and incoming colonists. Confirming land rights (zemleustroistvo) was conceived as the extension of a superior imperial citizenship (grazhdanstvennost) to outer regions. This essay examines these procedures and their cultural-political motivations in order to highlight the way the Tsarist decision makers understood the periphery's inclusion in the space of state. It challenges the view of a coherent, gradually implemented project of assimilation (a single imperial or national project) and stresses instead complexity, ambivalence, and contradictions. By the eve of the World War I, despite significant investments and productive growth, the Tsarist policy faced a legal crisis. The state proved unable to decide which form of land rights corresponded to the inclusion of Siberia in the imperial polity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The origin and meaning of the term shaman is a fundamental question in shamanic studies. There are conflicting views on this question in academic circles in China and overseas. Based on historical Chinese documents and Manchu-Tungus ethnic linguistic chronicles, this article argues that the term shaman originated from the language spoken by the Jurchen people of ancient northern China and was transmitted through the practices of generations of Jurchen descendants of the Manchu-Tungus peoples. The term shaman, as it is commonly used, is based on the root sar, which means knowing, or understanding, in the Manchu-Tungus linguistic family. The article concludes that shaman means "a wise man who knows everything." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the role that Russian historian Anatolii Remnev played in the writing of the regional history of the Russian Empire, or imperial Russia. An overview of Remnev's writing of the history of Siberia in Russia, including in regard to the relationship between Siberia and Russia, is provided.

The article presents a report from a June 22-26, 2015 conference in Novosibirsk, Russia on multidisciplinary methods in archaeology. Topics of presentations delivered included cooperation beween archaeologists and physicists to date archaeological artifacts, the discovery of ancestral human remains in the Denisova cave in Altai, Russia, and the reconstruction of human migrations through Siberia in the fourth and second centuries B.C.E.

The article discusses the Russian government's policy of penal deportation of exiles to Siberia, Russia from 1801 through 1881 within the context of the power of the Russia state. An overview of the journeys that exiles were forced to take in military convoys from Eastern European Russia to Siberia, including the Cossack soldiers' role of protecting local Russians from fugitive exiles, is provided.

The article discusses a series of archival photographs depicting everyday life in Siberia in the early 20th century, with a particular focus on the author's relationship to them as a scholar of history. Details on the circulation of archival photographs and their role in the writing of history are presented. Other topics include the categorization and ordering of photographs, socialist realism, and propaganda.

Each political change in the former USSR and Russian Federation has had different influences on the lives of local populations in different areas. Nenets, like many other indigenous people of the Russian North, were not tied to any political situation. The perception was that they always lived independently in the tundra using their traditional and historical knowledge. In reality, when comparing even the most recent past of the Nenets to the present, many differences and contradictions become apparent in the lives of these northern people. This article discusses the role of censorship in the transformation and performance of historical narratives concerning the development of the relationship between the state and the indigenous tundra people, here Nenets. By distorting historical facts, through exaggeration and mythologizing real-life events, people tried to shield themselves against negative emotions and memories of the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at the prospects and the reality of British commercial activity in Siberia in the early twentieth century, before the outbreak of World War I, and is based on contemporary comments by travelers, businessmen, and commercial agents. Contemporaries agreed that the dynamic Siberian economy opened up opportunities for British exports and trade. British firms, however, lagged behind commercial rivals, in particular in Germany, and the United States. The article explores the reasons for this and also looks at the subjects of the British Empire who went to Siberia and the conditions under which they worked. The article demonstrates the vibrancy of Siberian economic development in this period and the active participation of Western powers in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In December 1889 The Times carried a report detailing the killing of a group of Russian political exiles in Yakutsk, Siberia. Public outrage at this atrocity was compounded two months later with news of the flogging and suicide of female political prisoners in another Siberian penal colony. These events sparked a series of international protests, and the British reaction culminated in a march and rally in Hyde Park. This article examines the causes and timing of this outburst of militancy and draws attention to the wide range of organisations and individuals who were responsible for the growth of support within Britain for the cause of the Russian ant-tsarist opposition. Drawing on Russian and British archival documents and contemporary press reports, it throws fresh light on the Siberian events themselves as well as on the convergence in London of a range of disparate political groupings determined to show a unified front in support of their Russian brethren. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report reviews various legends, stories, and tales, as well as texts of shamanic rituals recorded by various scholars. The report focuses on the significance and role of a shaman in the Odul (Yukaghir) culture, and summarizes the functions a shaman carried out in the society as presented in these recorded texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identity of a prisoner's wife is often a shameful societal stigma. Yet Russia's unique history of imprisonment has provided an unusually positive trope for women who have to come to terms with their partners' incarceration: the ‘Decembrist wife’ (dekabristka). This trope originated in the aftermath of the 1825 ‘Decembrist’ uprising—the first anti-monarchist revolt in modern Russian history. A handful of wives of the perpetrators voluntarily joined their husbands in Siberian exile and, in leaving behind families and comforts, created a precedent to be glorified for future generations. Upheld in Russian national mythology as a model of the exemplary wife, the dekabristka identity lives on. This paper examines its enduring power and significance in contemporary Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Canada's interest in Russia's Far East and Siberia has a long history, propelled in the nineteenth century by London's Hudson's Bay Company driving eastward and St. Petersburg's Russian-American Company driving westward. Competition and sometime cooperation led to mutually beneficial projects shaping up in the early 20th century, among them plans to link up the Canadian Pacific Rail and Steamship Line with the Trans-Siberian in a trading complex that would have circumnavigated the world. The Great War, the Russian Revolution, and Civil War, sealed the fate of this grandiose vision. Studies on Western involvement in the Russian Civil War highlight, reasonably, the military dimensions of intervention. Canada sent troops to Siberia as well, but Ottawa's ambition was primarily trade. Using untapped Russian archival material and contemporary Siberian newspaper reports, this article revisits Canada's participation in Russia's postwar conflagration with emphasis on the extent to which expectation of economic gain shaped Canada's official and private presence in Siberia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In May 1828 the authorities in eastern Siberia uncovered plans, hatched by the Decembrist Ivan Sukhinov, to stage an armed rebellion among the penal laborers of the Nerchinsk mines. Sukhinov was planning to march on Chita in order to liberate his fellow Decembrists from captivity. Found guilty of the charges, the ringleaders were executed and Sukhinov committed suicide. Yet the conspiracy was a fantasy, conjured into being by the chaotic conditions of penal labor and official fears of exiled revolutionaries directing insurgencies in Siberia. The state's destruction of Sukhinov and his alleged co-conspirators created the fictional memory of a revolutionary hero and a noble, if doomed, rebellion. In their memoirs published in the postreform era, the Decembrists offered contemporaries an inspiring tale of insurgency and martyrdom in Siberia. The "Zerentui conspiracy" articulated new possibilities of revolutionary protest in exile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the Tunguska Event, a 1908 explosion near the Podkamennaia Tunguska River in central Siberia which some believe was the result of a meteorite. Particular focus is given to the historical context of the event and to the role of cartography in the Russian and Soviet empires. Details on the geographical center of the Russian Federation, located near Lake Vivi in the Krasnoiarsk Territory, and on an obelisk built to mark the space, are presented. The Evenki peoples of Northern Asia are also discussed.

The article discusses Russian peasant migration to Russian Siberia and the Russian Far East from the late-19th century to the mid-20th century, with focus given to the importance of the khodok, or scouts who traveled ahead of migrating groups to find land suitable for settlement, to the process. The author examines the way in which these scouts acted to promote the Russian imperial governments' territorial expansion efforts and helped to connect settlers with government administrative officials, particularly those of the Russian Resettlement Administration, and local officials associated with the zemstvo.

The article discusses the use of Russian Siberia as an exile penal colony in the 19th century and its connection to Russian colonization of the country's Far Eastern provinces through an examination of the punishment and pardon of seaman and exile Andrei Ivanovich Tsybulenko. Tsybulenko had been exiled to Russia's Eniseisk province but managed to return to the Russian West on board the ship "Dawn" in 1877, and was subsequently pardoned. The author argues that Tsybulenko's case demonstrates the evolving Russian political culture under Tsar Alexander II as well as changes to Russian civil society's perceptions of Siberia from a place for exiles to one that could benefit from colonization. Focus is given to industrialist Mikhail Konstantinovich Sidorov's petition for Tsybulenko's pardon.

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the authors discuss topics addressed in the issue related to imperial Russian Siberia, including its use as an exile and penal colony, Russian peasant migration to the region, and territorial integration.

This article compares American and Russian colonization of continental interiors and the consequences for the indigenous Sioux and Kazakhs, focusing on imperial perceptions, social and economic dislocation, political sovereignty, and sedentarization. It provides a critical, comparative analysis of internal colonization exercised by the United States and Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archives of the History & Philosophy of Medicine / Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny is the property of Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article investigates the upsurge in political and social activism among the Buriats of Siberia's Lake Baikal region during Russia's 1905 Revolution (broadly defined as 1905 to 1907). Specific topics include the Buriats' struggles for their ancestral lands and traditional political structures, and against Russification and discrimination; the activities of the Buriat intelligentsia; the holding of Buriat national congresses; participation in radical and liberal movements; the use of Buddhism as a national symbol; attempts to nativize education; and participation in the early Duma system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1827 and 1846 Russia exiled as vagrants (brodiagi) to Siberia 48,566 persons, who accounted for 30.4% – the single largest cohort – of exiles during that period. Exiled brodiagi's numbers fell briefly after 1846, due to government efforts to use them in labour battalions, but reached unprecedented levels following serf emancipation. This, like other anti-vagrancy campaigns, was symptomatic of states' increasing domination over society and highlights a modernizing process that prohibits nomadism while promoting sedentariness. Yet, although brodiagi were produced by the state's exercise of power, they managed to display agency by resisting this power. The resultant struggle led to Siberia being turned into contested ground. Embodied within this struggle was the larger struggle between tsarist state and society: operating at the edges of society, in a region far removed, or ‘deranged’, from the centre, Siberia's brodiagi manifested, both territorially and behaviourally, the ‘extremities’ that Foucault has spoken of with regard to power, how it functions and how it is resisted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses how the tsarist government of Russia dealt with the adoption of Buddhism by Buriats in the Lake Baikal region of Siberia. The author suggests that the government regarded Buddhism as a threat due to the possibility it could foster connections between the Buriats and Buddhists in China, Tibet and Mongolia and could hinder the expansion of Russian Orthodoxy among Shamanists in the region. The expansion of the Russian Empire into Siberia and its effect on relations between Russia and China are described. The growth of Russian Buddhism led the Russian government to create the position of Bandido Khambo Lama and to establish suppressive policies regarding religion in the region that emphasized conversion to Russian orthodoxy and missionary work.

Copyright of Études Inuit Studies is the property of Centre interuniversitaire d'etudes et de recherches autochtones (CIERA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the historical experiences on the colonization of Siberia and the American West by the U.S. and Russia. The U.S. implemented equal opportunities for each and every person in the West. Siberia was regarded by Russians as a source of wealth for the entire country and a place of penal servitude and exile. During Russian colonization, the state was the initiator of the settlement development for new lands which was done by sovereign private individuals in the U.S. colonization.

Presents a list of books on the history of Siberia. "Politics and Economics in the Russian Far East: Changing Ties With Asia-Pacific," by Tsuneo Akaha; "The Tenacity of Ethnicity: A Siberian Saga in Global Perspective," by Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer; "When the North Was Red: Aboriginal Education in Soviet Siberia," by Dennis A Bartels and Alice L. Bartels.

Provides information on the ninth conference of the British Universities Siberian Studies Seminar, entitled Siberia, Land and People: Destruction or Survival?, at the University of Leeds in England on September 6 to 8, 2002. Speakers and historians who attended the conference; Focus of the conference on the development in the quality of Siberian studies; Ethnographical theme of the conference, including indigenous ethnonationalism in western Siberia.

The article critically reexamines the existing Russian literature on the incorporation of Siberia into the Russian empire and focuses on the encounter between Russian travelers and settlers and the indigenous population of Siberia, seeking an explanation of violent aspects of such an encounter. The author places this encounter in a broad context of administration of Siberia in the 16th - 18th centuries, which lacked rationalization, professional personnel, and resources. He notes that for many Russians an expedition to Siberia was a commercial-colonial enterprise. Both Cossack expeditions and local administration were underfinanced. In this situation the Russian settlers and authorities were prone to bribery, embezzlement of iasak (tribute), and abuse of power in provoking violence and retrieving resources from the local tribes. Major sources of profit were the Siberian furs and enslavement of the local population. Apart from structural factors the author reviews the socio-psychological factors, which contributed to a high degree of violence between the Russian travelers and settlers and indigenous population. He states that people of marginal social standing were most likely to participate in expeditions to Siberia. Consequently, they were inclined to deviant behavior and tended to reproduce in reverse violent treatment, which they experienced in homeland, in a new location. The social tradition of Cossack self-rule also contributed to the state of anarchy and arbitrary government of Siberia. Focusing his article on conflicts between the Russians and local population, the author argues for a complex and balanced approach in studies of the Russian penetration into Siberia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elaborates a conceptual framework on the historical and cultural specificity in Siberia, Russia. Description of national and gender identity by young Siberians; Impact of the post-socialist period on generation transition; Relationship between available social position and the symbolic forms of articulation.

Focuses on the assimilation of Russians in the eastern borderlands of the Russian empire in the late imperial period. Ways in which Russians and non-Russians influenced one another in the mixed settlement worlds of the borderlands; Reference to most of the nativized Russian communities being in the Siberian north; Description of Russian nativization in the Serbian north; Problems of Russian national identity in the Serbian North from 1870 to 1914.

Presents an autobiography of Daria Mikhailovna Menshikova, one of Peter the Great's female contemporaries and women of court circles who were born during his reign. Family background; Appeal for Sovereign for mercy for her husband, His Most Serene Highness Prince Aleksandr Danilovich Menshikov; Excerpt from Mikhailova's writing during the final leg of her journey toward the place of the Menshikovs' exile in Siberia.

Demonstrates that multifarious images of Siberia in the early nineteenth century were the product of the growing diversification and fragmentation of cultural and political thought in European Russia itself. Four discrete images or image clusters have been identified and serve as the focus of the analysis.

Focuses on the natural history of Siberia. Travellers, explorers and naturalists in the country; History of trade activities; Influences on the country.