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This paper investigates how management at heritage visitor attractions (HVAs) can innovate with local stakeholders in the co-creation of value for visitors in cultural tourism experiences. Taking a case study of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Schokland in the Netherlands, thirteen interviews were conducted with management and local stakeholders over a five-year period. Our findings advance heritage management discourse by critically assessing HVAs regarding relationship management and innovations with stakeholders that drive development processes. We also contribute to service-dominant logic theory and value co-creation theory by applying the concept of co-creation to the collaborative innovations between management and local stakeholders, whilst offering practical recommendations for HVAs to co-create value for visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural and tourism organisations have always been characterised by their capacity for innovation (Caves, [8]; Pratt & Jeffcutt, [28]; Wijngaarden et al., [37]). More specifically, the links between the sources of value of the opera streaming consumption experience, loyalty, and intentions to attend an opera in an opera house are analysed. The results advance heritage management discourse by critically assessing HVAs regarding relationship management and innovations with stakeholders driving development processes. [Extracted from the article]

Although Halal tourism is becoming an important tourism sector and represents one of the largest niche markets in global tourism, the aspects that makes this type of tourism memorable are still unexplored for academics and practitioners. The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between hedonism, novelty, local culture, refreshment, meaningfulness, involvement, knowledge and memorable Halal tourism experience. The study also examines the relationship between memorable Halal tourism experience and place attachment. Data were gathered from Muslim tourists who had a halal tourism experience during the 48 months preceding the time of data collection (April 2018–March 2022). The empirical results support all eight hypotheses. The results also extend the memorable tourism experience concept in the context of Halal tourism. A positive relationship between a memorable Halal tourism experience and place attachment was also supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brand heritage has become one of the most important emphases for companies as a response to the need to build a more diverse and multicultural society. Such is the case of Latin-American countries that see the importance of heritage as an important source for the development of the tourism market at the country level, specially making use of new information technologies. This is how this research aims to analyze the emotional factors (nostalgic experience, brand awe) that influence brand heritage and its effect on variables such as brand identity and purchase intention for the tourism sector. To achieve this purpose, the research uses a survey applied to 460 individuals who frequently attend cultural events and who have additionally made use of virtual reality platforms. For information processing, the structural equations technique is used. Among the main findings is that there is a direct and positive relationship between emotional factors and brand heritage. Likewise, it is found that there is a direct relationship between brand heritage and brand identity, however, no significance was found with purchase intention. Finally, it was found that the use of platforms such as virtual reality does have a moderating effect both with emotional factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This document is a summary of various articles published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The articles cover a range of topics including the environmental impact of cardboard packaging in China, a new method for detecting fossil fuel-sourced carbon dioxide, the use of wooden tools by Paleolithic hunter-gatherers, the engagement of cultural heritage in addressing climate change, the axial skeleton adaptations in limbed vertebrate evolution, the functions of eye blinks beyond lubrication, and the poleward shift of bird species due to climate change. These articles provide valuable insights into these subjects and offer recommendations for future research and action. [Extracted from the article]

As an authoritative institution in cultural heritage conservation, ICOMOS plays a crucial role in guiding local communities' participation in heritage conservation. However, its scattered and vague descriptions of local communities pose significant obstacles to further research and practice of community participation in heritage conservation. Given the increasing importance of local communities in heritage conservation, it is essential to systematically explore the connotation of Local Community connotations within ICOMOS discourse. This research employs Natural Language Processing methods to analyze ICOMOS's descriptions of Local Community. Utilizing computational techniques of word frequency calculation, LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic model keyword calculation, and hierarchical clustering calculation, the research uncovers relevant keywords and its thematic clusters of Local Community. These findings are further elucidated by aligning them with the principles outlined in authoritative documents of ICOMOS. The research indicates that ICOMOS's descriptions of Local Community can be summarized into four main keywords families. These keywords families can be summarized as a comprehensive Local Community "three-level, four-family" keywords system. The "Tourism" keywords family exhibits a close association with Local Community, highlighting ICOMOS's heightened emphasis on heritage tourism. The "Management-Development" keywords family occupies the second level, emphasizing fundamental principles for local communities' participation in heritage practices. The "Traditional-Knowledge" and "Social-Economic" Keywords Families, situated in the third level, respectively describe the value attributes and conservation approaches of local communities. Each keywords family formed over different periods, exhibiting varying trends of development. By systematically integrating ICOMOS's descriptions of Local Community and employing Natural Language Processing for in-depth exploration, This research aims to construct a cognitive understanding of local communities from a new perspective of quantitative text analysis, with the intention of providing theoretical references for subsequent research on local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the launch of cultural tourism in Tianjin, the regeneration and heritage preservation of the Five Avenues, the former upscale residential area of the British Concession, has been accelerated. In 2012, the public monumental sports building of this area, Minyuan Stadium, was reconstructed into a leisure hub. Subsequently, several local community residents began documenting their memories of Minyuan and their views on its renewal on online We-media platforms. This article explores the residents' perceptions of Minyuan as portrayed in the unexplored informal online archives and investigates how they differ from the official discourse. The findings reveal that the residents tend to present a dynamic image of Minyuan that moves beyond a Westernized image by highlighting low-cost temporary spatial practice in which ordinary people participated during the post-concession Socialist Revolution and Construction. These residents' perceptions challenge the official representation of the local culture of the Five Avenues and the image of Minyuan, and contribute to provide an alternative perspective for understanding postcolonial identity construction in Chinese cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on spatial evolution has taken a high interest in structure-agency dynamics, but how long-term discourse interacts with these dynamics in shaping new paths still lacks a systematic understanding. To advance such an understanding, this article draws on the agency, structure, institutions and discourse (ASID) framework and refocuses it on spatial evolution. By doing so, the article aims at elucidating the discursive aspects of evolutionary spatial processes and highlights in particular the role of abstract macro-level discourses and concrete imaginaries as long-term discursive foundations of spatial evolution. In this way, discourse acts as a carrier of long-term historical roots and associations. By considering the historical rootedness of the discursive foundations of paths, the framework contributes to giving history a stronger role in evolutionary economic geography. We apply this analytical framework to wine tourism in Israel's Negev and focus particularly on the historically rooted imaginaries that underpin the development of this path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implemented in the early 2000s by the Ave Basin Regional Development Agency (ADRAVE), the Ave Basin Industrial Heritage Route (IHR) was deactivated without fully establishing a lasting circuit to showcase the region's industrial history. This paper aims to identify and critically analyse the contributing factors to the IHR's inability to create a sustainable industrial heritage circuit. Drawing insights from industrial heritage tourism studies and examining academic papers produced by members of ADRAVE during the IHR implementation to publicise the route, as well as an urban intervention in one of its hubs (Sampaio, Ferreira & Co. Riba d'Ave), the study reveals missed opportunities and challenges in the IHR's implementation, calling for a revaluation of strategies to effectively preserve and promote industrial heritage in Portugal. The analysis highlights the impact of dominant memory narratives shaped by local political and economic powers, hindering community engagement, and discouraging local involvement. The findings extend beyond Ave Basin, emphasising the importance of more inclusive approaches that involve local communities in heritage conservation initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the phenomenon of nostalgic heritage travel has gained traction, scarce inquiries have researched how nostalgia for heritage sites can render a means for heritage preservation. This inquiry utilized a multi-method qualitative design, with Study 1 inferring nostalgic heritage travel motivations from travel experiences documented in online travel diaries. Study 2 adopted the psychological ownership theory with data originating from semi-structured interviews to construct a nostalgia-induced framework of reciprocity between psychological ownership and heritage preservation. Findings first unveil an array of nostalgic heritage travel motives ranging from nostalgic reminiscing and glorification to nostalgia-induced playfulness and healing. Further, findings point to a reciprocal pattern of psychological ownership–heritage preservation fostered by three routes: exercise of control, intimate knowing, and investment of the self. Together, this research illuminates a past–present–future synthesis of self–place relations. It presents the concept of reciprocity driven by nostalgia to increase understanding of heritage preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study integrates natural and cultural environmental factors within a unified framework, exploring their specific effects on tourism demand in China. To more effectively account for spatial dependence and variable heterogeneity in tourism demand, we utilize the spatial Durbin model in analyzing provincial-level data spanning from 2007 to 2019. Research findings reveal: (1) Both domestic and inbound tourism display significant spatial association. (2) Natural and cultural factors exhibit spatial spillover effects on domestic tourism demand, exemplified by sulfur dioxide generation and intangible cultural heritage quantity. (3) The impact factors or mechanisms of natural and cultural environment on domestic and inbound tourism share some similarities, but differences still exist. For instance, intangible cultural heritage prosperity stimulates regional domestic tourism but only affects local inbound tourism. This study, using China as a case, offers a practical approach and theoretical perspective for probing into the emergent growth poles in tourism demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of cultural routes, in order to achieve overall protection of industrial heritage, the European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH) was established to organize and promote the entire European industrial heritage. The conservation and utilization of Chinese industrial heritage are currently dominated by individual cases, which limits their potential to contribute to regional sustainable development. There is an urgent need of a conservation system at the regional or national level, to ensure that Chinese industrial heritage conservation effectively contributes to regional sustainable development. This study considers the industrial heritage of China built between 1840 and 1978 to establish the Chinese Industrial Heritage GIS Database (CIHGD). The analysis shows that the distribution of China's industrial heritage is mainly concentrated in the eastern and southern coastal areas, and the industrial heritage has formed three key regions, 14 key cities, and important railway and water systems located in eastern China. The CRIH facilitates the holistic conservation of China's industrial heritage and provides basic data for future research on China's industrial heritage. The objective of this study is to promote the establishment of an information-based management system for industrial heritage in China, and to explore the value evaluation, protection system, and regional tourism of industrial heritage from a national perspective in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism destinations are cultural heritage and spatial landscape systems of organic coexistence between humans and the Earth, and are formed through the long historical evolution of a specific geographical environment. With the development of large-scale cultural and tourism projects and the construction of scenic areas, many tourist destinations face conflicts between people and the environment and the crisis of discontinuity in the landscape and the cultural context. The concept of tourist destination personality provides a perspective for studying the interaction between humans and the environment in tourist destinations. However, existing research has not delved into the mechanisms of temporal–spatial interaction and spatial representation of regional cultural heritage in regional systems. Therefore, from the perspectives of geography and urban–rural planning, this study selects traditional villages in ancient Huizhou as the research object and employs relevant theories from cultural ecology to construct a paradigm for analyzing the formation path of tourist destination personality based on a cultural core from a regional systemic perspective. Building on this, this study develops a coupling analysis framework for the "accumulation anchoring" of heritage landscape representation in traditional villages in ancient Huizhou based on a cognitive understanding of tourist destination heritage landscape and a 'time–space' interactive model. The research reveals that the formation of personality in traditional villages in ancient Huizhou centers around cultural cores such as production methods, social organizations, construction mechanisms, and social beliefs. It is driven by basic forces such as resource endowment vitality, a social structure driving force, and a historical choice regulatory force, with the logic of forming dominant functions and obtaining expected benefits such as the core. The spatial representation of traditional village heritage in ancient Huizhou exhibits a synergistic evolution mechanism between 'culture and landscape'. The research process and conclusions provide a basic framework and methodological system for the study of tourist destination personality and heritage revitalization, expanding the understanding of the process of human–environment interaction and spatial patterns in tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The qualitative approach was applied the discover the optimum answers to the research objectives, which are (1) to understand the cultural and hedonistic characteristics of the (Lanna) Songkran festival; and (2) to examine the dilemma between cultural rituals and hedonistic activity for tourism. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a case study of the Songkran festival in Chiang Mai to examine the dilemma between cultural rituals and hedonism for tourism, which brings lost or misperceived cultural values and identities. The semi-structured interview (SSI) with senior locals and participant observation during the festival was conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand, to obtain the in-depth phenomena of the existing celebration pattern at the festival. Findings: The study findings show three crucial phenomena that explain characteristics of unsynchronized cultural rituals and hedonistic activities for tourism: (1) the parallel phenomenon between cultural values and celebration practice, (2) the movement of local culture and(3) the hedonistic characteristics of the festival. Practical implications: The study extends the knowledge on the interplay phenomena between cultural festivals and tourism; also, the involved stakeholders, such as local communities, public sectors and private sectors, can use the study findings in creating policies for using cultural festivals to promote a destination and urban economic development that will minimise cultural values distort while increase tourism economic values. Originality/value: This study was conducted qualitatively, including SSIs and participant observation at the Songkran festival in Chiang Mai. The study findings were analysed, based on the empirical data, into significant themes representing the characteristics of dilemma phenomena within the festival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology is the property of Idokan Poland Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a witness to history, industrial heritage embodies the cultural, technological, and economic values of a particular era. Transforming it into a cultural and creative park can imbue new functions and vitality, supporting and promoting sustainable urban development. This paper focuses on the Mili Cultural and Creative Park in Quanzhou as its research subject. Through interviews and questionnaire analyses from the perspective of tourists, five evaluation factors are extracted: spatial environmental elements, social cultural elements, landscape and greening elements, supporting facilities elements, and transportation and location elements. An analysis of tourist satisfaction using the semantic differential method reveals a higher satisfaction with spatial environmental elements, social cultural elements, and landscape and greening elements, while satisfaction with supporting facilities elements and transportation location elements is low. Additionally, the modified IPA method is employed for the analysis, revealing poor overall performance in supporting facilities elements and transportation and location elements. In subsequent efforts, priority should be given to improving the quantity and reasonable distribution of garbage cans, organization of events in the park, traffic conditions outside the park, parking around the park, and park accessibility. The aim is to further optimize the environment after the reuse of industrial heritage, enhance tourist satisfaction, and promote urban sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urban development in Southeast Asia is often the main cause of urban kampung formation, a cluster of sporadic and informal settlements. Kampungs possess the capacity to serve to build the local economy and provide culture conservation through heritage tourism. To promote sustainable development in heritage kampung tourism, it is imperative to propose directives that optimize its heritage qualities without compromising both the economic and environmental aspects of sustainability. This study aims to develop a comprehensive sustainable development framework on a local scale by implementing a novel prioritization approach. Descriptive statistical analysis, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) provide the researchers with a holistic understanding regarding heritage tourism sustainability by considering various stakeholders' perspectives. Novel prioritization is presented using radar diagrams to understand how each variable, representing environmental, social, and economic criteria, has perceived importance according to experts and tourists. The analysis highlights the kampung Kayutangan's sustainability while acknowledging variations in element importance, necessitating the alignment of development directives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital collections, loved and valued by the public, have become a new trend in cultural tourism consumption. Their ultimate aim is to boost cultural tourism consumption and empower offline tourism. This study constructs a theoretical model of "digital collectibles involvement (DCI)-perceived value (PV)-tourist intention to visit on site (TIVS)" based on the theory of involvement and Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR). It empirically investigates the influence of DCI on TIVS. The study found that digital collection involvement has a significant positive influence on tourists' intentions to visit on-site, and the positive impact of digital collectibles' persistent involvement on TIVS is higher than digital collectibles' contextual involvement. Perceived value plays a fully mediating role in the relationship between DCI and TIVS. Visual perception is a positive moderator in the relationship between DCI and TIVS. The moderating effect of cultural attributes was not significant. The research conclusion provides a theoretical reference for the development of offline tourism by using digital collectibles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explore an integrative model of authenticity, perceived value, flow experience, satisfaction, and destination loyalty based on the S-O-R theory framework. The proposed model was empirically tested in a field study with 358 respondents participating in the Xinguochao Hanfu festival held at a historical street in Changsha, China. The results indicate that there is a significant influence of authenticity on perceived value, but non-significant impacts on flow experience, and perceived value, flow experience and satisfaction are important antecedents in predicting destination loyalty in cultural heritage tourism. The current study contributes to analyzing the loyalty of cultural heritage tourist destinations and has insightful implications, which can be applied to other heritage tourism management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tōkaidō Road was the legendary highway constructed during the Edo period (1603–1868) in Japan connecting Edo, the home of the shogun, to Kyoto, the home of the emperor. Along the route were 53 post-stations (shuku) or towns catering to all manner of travellers from the daimyō (lords) and their great processions to pilgrims and later, lay travellers. Publication of period guidebooks, fictional journeys and the woodblock prints of artists like Hiroshige inspired increasing numbers of travellers who looked forward to adventures along the Tōkaidō Road. The heritage of the Tōkaidō Road today remains in the forms of signposts, markers, check points and preserved Edo towns visited by contemporary tourists. This paper examines historical travel along the Tōkaidō through Edo-era literature and art in the context of roads, mobility and imageries of place. Site visits to the preserved post-station of Seki and the reconstructed checkpoint at Hakone explore contemporary heritage tourism offering a nostalgic look back in time to Edo, Japan. Looking forward from the past through historic travel and looking back from the present via heritage tourism reveals the timelessness and popularity of the Tōkaidō Road. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titanic heritage tourism has recently become a major objective in Belfast, Northern Ireland, as civic leaders look to leverage the infamous liner's local origins to advance the city's post-industrial, post-conflict economic development. Much of this activity has centred on the Titanic Quarter, a new residential, commercial, and cultural district emerging in the historic docklands of East Belfast. This district is home to Titanic Belfast, an ostentatious, new-build visitor attraction created to tell a celebratory, Belfast-focused Titanic origin story. Titanic Belfast is surrounded by numerous heritage elements once associated with the Harland and Wolff shipyards where Titanic was built, which have been incorporated into two heritage trails traversing the Titanic Quarter. This article draws on literature related to authenticity, heritage trails, and memoryscapes to interrogate how these trails underscore the place authenticity of the heritage assets dispersed throughout the Titanic Quarter. It also examines how these trails position Titanic Belfast as the focal point of a vast and coherent maritime heritage memoryscape, revealing a symbiotic relationship whereby Titanic Belfast draws people and capital to the area while the authentic heritage elements nearby furnish the 'credibility armour' needed to justify this grandiose new signature attraction and the celebratory narrative it offers visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Christmas markets in Germany and Austria exhibit historic, mercantile, social and experiential dimensions, entrenching them both as a form of heritage and as visitable sites of society and culture, yet research into tourist perception of sensory and multisensory experiential components of these markets has been highly limited thus far. This paper examines the extent of sensory components experienced in Dresden Strietzelmarkt, Nuremberg Christkindlmarkt (Germany) and Vienna Rathausplatz Christkindlmarkt (Austria), as reported in TripAdvisor reviews. Visitor experience ratings across all three Christmas markets were strongly positive, with internal visitors being more discerning in terms of actual experience. All five sensory components of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch were identified, with sight and taste being most commonly noted. The majority of reviews referred to two or three sensory experiences, and a positive correlation emerged between more complex sensory experience and higher visitor rating. Numerous comments connected experienced sensory characteristics with a sense of a Christmas atmosphere or mood, and perceptions on authenticity were entwined with past perception and expectation. In recognising such multisensory components having ascribed values, we argue they deserve to be correctly identified, documented and managed as forms of intangible heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural heritage tourism illustrated by tourists visiting post-industrial facilities became one of the ways to counteract the negative consequences of declining heavy industry at the end of the twentieth century. The initiation of tourist activity in post-industrial areas has also become an important justification for expenditure on the revitalization of objects that may constitute part of the cultural heritage of such regions. This article discusses the establishment and restructuring of an Industrial Monuments Route in Poland (IMR) as an example of the European thematic routes of industrial heritage tourism. The paper reviews the present re-development of tourist attractions in Upper Silesia based on features of the industrial heritage there, including both movable monuments in the form of machines used in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as well as fixed features such as underground mineshafts and mining galleries, a historic workers' housing estate and a wooden radio station. The suggested refocusing of the IMR is part of the process of conserving the endangered regional identity of the Silesian population for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A UNESCO World Heritage site designation is seen as a pathway to developing sustainable tourism and increasing opportunities to receive funding for the maintenance and management of the site. However, the designation of sites is often highly political with criticisms raised regarding the processes used by UNESCO. The inflexibility of selection criteria and the demand for tangible evidence of authenticity are inevitably jeopardising the selection of important heritage sites that need to be preserved. Outsider interference, distortion of historical facts, staging, and the Disneyfication of heritage are other contentions raised over how applications are manipulated to achieve a UNESCO designation. Through a qualitative narrative analysis and site visits, this paper examines the case of Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region of Japan to examine how the intervention of ICOMOS significantly altered its application for World Heritage site designation and the resulting challenges the applicants faced in satisfying the selection criteria, thereby staging their heritage for tourism in the process. Greater recognition of local voices and alternative narratives is critical in the designation process to be true to history in an age dominated by heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how tourists engage with heritage at contemporary experiential sites that have become popular amongst visitors and vital ambassadors of a destination's heritage. Grounded in the theoretical concept of engagement from an andragogical standpoint, the study utilizes and critically examines reviews from a specific interactive and technologically- advanced whisky experience in Edinburgh, Scotland, namely the Scotch Whisky Experience. Findings expose strong heritage appreciation among visitors, yet challenges exist in engagement despite the optimization of sine qua non human and technologically advanced means. A conceptual diagram of heritage engagement for academic and tourism stakeholders' consideration is provided, re-enforcing its applicability in contexts beyond the heritage sphere. Theoretical understandings of heritage engagement that ought to be extended beyond visitors' personal experiential gain and value are also discoursed. Adopts a unique theoretical engagement approach that enables deep visitor engagement. Exposes andragogy (method of adult learning) as a form of engagement and knowledge acquisition. Elucidates outcomes of engagement at contemporary experiential heritage attractions. Highlights the constructs of immersion, relation, creation and donation in engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we propose an analysis of the intangible heritagization of elements in urban settings as it relates to the promotion of a city brand, within the context of a fast rise of urban planning models with a strong emphasis on the production of corporate branding. We will focus specifically on the processes leading up to the nomination of intangible heritage elements for UNESCO listing and their relationship with the economy-culture-leisure triad, concretely in the cases of the Fallas festivities in Valencia, and filete porteño in Buenos Aires. Building from the Spanish and the Argentinian cases, we discuss how intangible heritage policies are increasingly becoming an essential part of the development of city branding, insofar as they help to promote the local identity and image, legitimized by the UNESCO label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aceh Singkil is an economically successful area with many enticing tourist attractions, such as natural, ethnic, and maritime. This region, which is bordered by the sea and split by a major river known as the Lae Souraya, is home to several historical and cultural attractions. The existence of natural resources and cultural attractions persuades the local government to formulate the culture as an interesting package for the visitor. This article examines the role and resources of Aceh Singkil's natural and cultural heritage that are currently, but not properly, used. According to this typology, Aceh Singkil has phenomenal tourism and cultural attraction spots, which include natural tourist attractions, art and cultural performances, artificial natural (engineering) and important cultural places, royal historical heritage sites, important spiritual sites, spiritual values, local genius, and traditional culinary delights. Following a field investigation, researchers found issues such as how to operate and exploit these cultural sites for sustainable tourist growth. What typology may be used to depict tourism and cultural attractions in Aceh Singkil? This study seeks to identify and deconstruct examples of operating and exploiting these resources for the development of sustainable cultural tourism, as well as to build a typology capable of representing Aceh Singkil's tourist attractions. Theoretical and practical issues that indicate the uniqueness of regional ethno-cultural tourism are examined. Based on this data, experts believe that an ethno-historically based ethnocultural tourism model is required. Moreover, these findings and field investigations are critical to create an ethnocultural tourism model that pays special attention to the cultural traits of the Aceh Singkil people and national nature for both locals and visitors from other countries. The objective of establishing this model is to assist in the development and introduction of sustainable cultural attraction for visitors, the creation of new employment for people, the rise in sales of tourism and cultural products, and, of course, the improvement of tourism and art cultural infrastructure in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture is one of the most important factors in attracting tourists and influencing the tourist experience. In China, "theme park" is a new field of tourism research, an excellent theme park can not only drive the development of a city's tourism industry, but also help it better publicize its history and culture. The article takes Kaifeng, China as the background, and selects the Song Dynasty historical and cultural theme park, which was established based on the traditional ink painting Qingming Riverside Drawing, as an example, to study the factors affecting tourists' travel experience in historical and cultural theme parks, and based on which it explores the reasons for the formation of tourists' satisfaction and post-trip behavioral intentions, to provide references and suggestions for the development of cultural theme parks from the point of view of travel experience. Based on the expectation confirmation theory, this essay introduces five constructs, namely, expectation (tourism motivation), performance (service quality), confirmation (tourism experience), satisfaction, and post-trip behavior intention, to construct a model of the factors influencing tourists' satisfaction by tourism experience in historical theme parks and analyze the intrinsic correlation among the factors within the model. It is found that tourists' tourism experience is mainly affected by tourism motivation and service quality, satisfaction and posttrip behavior intention are jointly determined by the above three. According to the research results, this study believes that tourism motivation, service quality, and tourism experience should be the focus of attention of the current tourist destinations, therefore, focusing on tourists' motivation to optimize the quality of service, helping tourists to enhance the sense of tourism experience, and improving based on the above focuses is of great significance to promote the development of historical and cultural theme parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Xinjiang unearthed brocade as a significant cultural heritage records the historical and cultural information of diverse ethnic groups, and it also influences cultural product development. However, the existing knowledge concerning these brocades is disorganized, fragmented, and incomplete, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their intricate relationships. To address these issues, this study has developed an integrated ontological model for Xinjiang's unearthed brocades (XJUBontology). By applying Conceptual Reference Model of International Committee for Documentation (CIDOC CRM) ontology and the Remanufactured Process Planning (RPP) approach, this XJUBontology comprises knowledge about both the brocades and their cultural derivatives, and knowledge in these two domains are able to be organized and refined. The implementation of XJUBontology in Protégé and validation via SPARQL queries not only centralize and manage Xinjiang unearthed brocade-related knowledge but also establish vital connections among this fragmented information. The contribution is to help in associating, managing, and sharing knowledge in the domain of Xinjiang unearthed brocades, providing a framework for establishing related data repository, and helping researchers, apparel and accessories designers, museums, and other cultural and tourism institutions to access a more systematic information to assist their works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formulating effective conservation and management policies plays a key role in helping Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) cope with the threats and challenges brought by modernization. An important criterion to measure their effectiveness is whether they maintain or enhance the resilience of IAHS. In this study, we first integrate IAHS resilience into the social-ecological systems (SES) framework and propose a SES-based analytical framework for IAHS resilience, which helps analyze how IAHS adapt to external disturbances under the drivers of policies. Then, we suggest the trade-off of ecosystem services as the surrogate of IAHS resilience and use the carbon footprint per unit output value as an indicator to quantify IAHS resilience. The application in Qingtian Rice-Fish Culture System (QRFCS) reveals that the rice-fish culture systems in three villages have formed different development models driven by different conservation and management policies when challenged by modernization, and have displayed different resilience in different development models. The development model centering on enlarged-scale fish farming in Xinpeng Village has shown the highest resilience; the development model with a combination of moderate-scale land management and experiential heritage tourism in Longxian Village has displayed a moderate resilience; and the development model with organic rice-fish culture integrated into terrace sightseeing tourism in Xiaozhoushan Village has shown the lowest resilience. Based on this, we put forward suggestions for maintaining and enhancing the resilience of QRFCS, so as to improve the management of the heritage system. We present that the results will not only enrich the resilience study of SES, but also promote IAHS management and regional sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intangible cultural heritage can be said to be an important component of tourism resources. With the rapid development of society in today's era, tourism development and intangible cultural heritage protection have gradually attracted attention from Chinese society, and in recent years, it has attracted high attention from relevant departments of the Chinese government. Tourism development has a "dual" impact on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, with both positive and negative impacts. The risk assessment of intangible cultural heritage tourism development is a MAGDM problems. Recently, the TODIM and GRA technique has been employed to manage MAGDM issues. The interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy sets (IVPFSs) are employed as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the risk assessment of intangible cultural heritage tourism development. In this paper, the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy TODIM-GRA (IVPF-TODIM-GRA) technique is construct to manage the MAGDM under IVPFSs. Finally, a numerical case study for risk assessment of intangible cultural heritage tourism development is employed to validate the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pilgrimage tourism, among the earliest forms of tourism with a tradition spanning centuries, stands as a steadfast global attraction. This article delves into the significance, diversity, and historical roots of this tourism type, recognizing the contemporary surge in interest in pilgrimage sites. Offering an overview of globally prominent pilgrimage destinations and highlighting key locations in Slovakia, the article emphasizes the country's considerable potential for the utilization and development of these sacred sites, despite its compact size. It stresses the need to foster this historically significant tourism sector and the necessity for attention and support from the government sector to maximize its potential. The relevance of pilgrimage became particularly apparent during the COVID-19 pandemic, with observable visitor participation despite challenging conditions at various pilgrimage sites. The article examines the pilgrimage's evolution before, during, and after the pandemic, using Levoča and Šaštín in Slovakia as illustrative cases. One of the main objectives of this study was to clarify the development of pilgrimage tourism in Slovakia over the past decades and the factors influencing it. The attendance analysis unmistakably reveals a significant upward trend at these specific locations, emphasizing the need to establish collaborative efforts to support this sector. Such collaboration is crucial for ensuring the sustainability of historically significant sites, fostering local development, and increasing the visibility of less-visited pilgrimage destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage tourism in Egypt, differentiated by its distinctive ancient wonders and cultural prosperity, has faced numerous challenges through its history, with political unrest, economic fluctuations, and, most recently, the global COVID-19 pandemic. This research paper investigates the dynamic interplay between planned and adopted resilience within the hotel sector in Egyptian heritage sites and their consequential effects on both social and economic sustainability. A quantitative research method was employed to empirically explore these dynamics. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 550 top and middle managers in hotels located in heritage sites, capturing insights into their perspectives on planned and adopted resilience. The collected data underwent rigorous analysis utilizing "partial least squares structural equation modeling" (PLS-SEM), providing a robust foundation for drawing meaningful conclusions. Findings from the research underscore the necessity of aligning planned and adopted resilience to generate sustainable social and economic performance. The synthesis of planned and adopted resilience was revealed to be pivotal in generating sustainable social and economic performance for hotels. This synthesis catalyzes the hotels' ability to mitigate uncertainties, adjust to changing environment, and ensure long-term viability. This research might contribute to the current literature by suggesting industry-specific awareness for the reciprocal relationship between planned and adopted resilience in the hotel businesses and their combined influence on both sides of sustainability (social and economic). The findings provide actionable recommendations for hotel management, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to enhance resilience, foster social cohesion, and ensure the economic sustainability of heritage tourism in an everchanging environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ancient Duchy of Urbino (Marche and Emilia-Romagna Regions, Italy) is known for its spectacular landscapes linked to a unique geological history. This area owns an unexpected cultural resource, which concerns using its landscapes in art. Some great Renaissance artists, including Piero della Francesca, Raphael, and Leonardo, were so impressed by the landscapes that they reproduced them in their most famous paintings. This paper summarizes research concerned with their identification, employing a multidisciplinary method that has enabled the recognition of many morphologies. This contribution provides the scientific community with information on the methodology and regional and national projects developed in this area to enhance its cultural landscapes. Starting from the geological description of the territory, the research focuses on famous works by three great Renaissance artists, providing evidence and morphological details related to the recognition of places: "Nativity" by Piero della Francesca, "Madonna Litta" by Leonardo da Vinci, and "Knight's Dream" by Raphael. Finally, it is proposed to make these landscapes a timeless resource through their inclusion in UNESCO's cultural heritage. This contribution is addressed to representatives of the administration, conservation, and enhancement of artistic and landscape heritage to stimulate new perspectives for research, education, and tourism within the cultural heritage of this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural tourism helps preserve cultural heritage and provides economic opportunities for local communities. A walkable cultural tourism route has been developed for the old town of Ratchaburi, Thailand. Here, we assessed changes in PM1 after cars were banned from the walkable tourist route. A near-roadway dispersion model, R-LINE, was evaluated and used to explore the base case (BC) and two scenarios, S1 and S2. In the BC, road traffic activities reflected the current situation; in S1, all vehicles were banned from the walkable route; and in S2, all drivers were encouraged to park their vehicles outside the study area. The road traffic activities in the study area were observed and used to calculate the PM1 emission rates for the model inputs. The model was capable of simulating PM1 concentration, especially the average PM1 concentration over the monitoring period. An increase in PM1 concentration was seen at the main road in S1 due to the increased traffic volume that had been redirected from the walkable route, with an increase in daily PM1 of 4.5% compared to BC. S2 showed a decrease in the PM1 concentration of 8.9%. These findings suggest the need for traffic mitigation measures prior to initiating a walkable route for cultural tourism, to meet environmental sustainability requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The diversification of the cultural context of monuments did not lead to distinct visual reactions among observers of different nationalities. • The scope of applying eye-tracking technology for research on cultural tourism may be limited, emphasizing the need for further investigations in this area. • Eye-trackers demonstrate a significant potential for facilitating public consultations concerning architectural and urban changes. Sustainable management of architectural heritage requires conducting an inclusive diagnosis of users' opinions, considering both residents and tourists as the recipients of urban space. Given the cultural diversity within these groups, proposing the use of eye-trackers (ET) as an alternative to traditional public consultation prompts the need to assess the method's advantages and disadvantages. It remains uncertain whether individuals from different countries look at historical architecture and its transformations similarly. The uniqueness of this subject matter prevents drawing parallels from experiences in other domains. Moreover, prior research provides conflicting conclusions and may include methodological errors. This uncertainty impedes the adoption of ET as an administrative and legal tool. To address this gap, 320 volunteers, encompassing both Poles and foreigners, were invited. Qualification involved optometric tests and questionnaires. Subsequently, a portion of the participants underwent the experiment using ET while viewing visual stimuli on a monitor. The experiment featured twelve monuments, with six originating from Wrocław and six from another major European city (Paris, Rome, London, Berlin, Dresden, Dortmund). The study focused on the nature and pattern of fixations made on original photographs and their modified versions. Analyzing the collected ET data for 24 stimuli, two primary aspects were explored. First, whether both groups, irrespective of their familiarity with the object or the city of residence, looked at the original photographs in the same manner. Second, it was investigated whether participants cultural background significantly influenced observers' reactions to visual changes in the buildings. Only 8 out of 160 comparisons demonstrated statistically significant deviations. Other results, including visitor numbers, fixation counts, average fixation duration, total visit duration, and time to first fixation, exhibited similarity across the board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]