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1. UPDATES OF ‘AW3D30’ ALOS GLOBAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL IN ANTARCTICA WITH OTHER OPEN ACCESS DATASETS

Author

J. Takaku, T. Tadono, M. Doutsu, F. Ohgushi, and H. Kai

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

In 2016, the first processing of the semi-global digital surface models (DSMs) utilizing all the archives of stereo imageries derived from the Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) was successfully completed. The dataset was freely released to the public in 30 m grid spacing as the ‘ALOS World 3D - 30m (AW3D30)’, which was generated from its original version processed in 5 m or 2.5 m grid spacing. The dataset has been updated since then to improve the absolute/relative height accuracies with additional calibrations. However, the most significant update that should be applied for improving the data usability is the filling of void areas, which correspond to approx. 10% of semiglobal coverage, mostly due to cloud covers. In 2020, we completed the filling process by using other open-access digital elevation models (DEMs) such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM), ArcticDEM, etc., except for Antarctica. In this paper, we report on the filling process of the remaining voids in Antarctica by using other open-access DEMs such as Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) DSM, TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement (TanDEM-X, TDX) 90m DEM, and ASTER GDEM to complete the void-free semi-global AW3D30 datasets.

Published
2021
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2. CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF THE ADVANCED LAND OBSERVING SATELLITE-3 'ALOS-3'

Author

T. Tadono, Y. Mizukami, H. Watarai, J. Takaku, F. Ohgushi, and H. Kai

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

The “Advanced Land Observing Satellite-3” (ALOS-3, nicknamed “DAICHI-3”) is the next high-resolution optical mission as a successor of the optical mission by the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS, “DAICHI”) in Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and will be launched in Japanese Fiscal Year 2020. ALOS-3 is now under developing the flight model. The major missions of ALOS-3 are (1) to contribute safe and secure social including provision for natural disasters, and (2) to create and update geospatial information in land and coastal areas. To achieve the missions, the “WIde-Swath and High-resolution optical imager” (WISH, as a tentative name) is mounted on ALOS-3, which consists of the high-resolution panchromatic- and multispectral-bands.This paper introduces the overview of ALOS-3’s mission and the calibration and validation plan at JAXA. The standard product is the system corrected data using the sensor models, which will be provided from the sensor development team. Therefore, the sensor calibration is directly affected to the accuracies of the standard product. In addition, the sensor model based the Rational Polynomial Coefficient will be contained with level 1B2 standard product that can be used to process an ortho rectification and three-dimensional measurement from ALOS-3 images. As the target accuracy of WISH’s standard products, the geometric accuracies are less than 5 m in horizontal without ground control point (GCP), and 1.25 m in horizontal and 2.5 m in vertical with GCPs (1 sigma), and the radiometric accuracy is ± 10 % as absolutely and ± 5 % as relatively for multispectral band.

Published
2020
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3. UPDATES OF ‘AW3D30’ ALOS GLOBAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL WITH OTHER OPEN ACCESS DATASETS

Author

J. Takaku, T. Tadono, M. Doutsu, F. Ohgushi, and H. Kai

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

In 2016 we first completed the global data processing of digital surface models (DSMs) by using the whole archives of stereo imageries derived from the Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). The dataset was freely released to the public in 30 m grid spacing as the ‘ALOS World 3D - 30m (AW3D30)’, which was generated from its original version processed in 5 m or 2.5 m grid spacing. The dataset has been updated since then to improve the absolute/relative height accuracies with additional calibrations. However the most significant update that should be applied for improving the data usability is the filling of void areas, which correspond to approx. 10% of global coverage, mostly due to cloud covers. In this paper we introduce the updates of AW3D30 filling the voids with other open-access DSMs such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM), ArcticDEM, etc., through inter-comparisons among these datasets.

Published
2020
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5. CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF THE ADVANCED LAND OBSERVING SATELLITE-3 'ALOS-3'

Author

H. Kai, Yousei Mizukami, F. Ohgushi, Takeo Tadono, Hidenori Watarai, and Junichi Takaku

Subjects
lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Geospatial analysis, lcsh:T, Computer science, business.industry, Multispectral image, Process (computing), lcsh:TA1501-1820, computer.software_genre, lcsh:Technology, Panchromatic film, lcsh:TA1-2040, Satellite, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Aerospace, business, computer, Remote sensing
Abstract

The “Advanced Land Observing Satellite-3” (ALOS-3, nicknamed “DAICHI-3”) is the next high-resolution optical mission as a successor of the optical mission by the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS, “DAICHI”) in Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and will be launched in Japanese Fiscal Year 2020. ALOS-3 is now under developing the flight model. The major missions of ALOS-3 are (1) to contribute safe and secure social including provision for natural disasters, and (2) to create and update geospatial information in land and coastal areas. To achieve the missions, the “WIde-Swath and High-resolution optical imager” (WISH, as a tentative name) is mounted on ALOS-3, which consists of the high-resolution panchromatic- and multispectral-bands.This paper introduces the overview of ALOS-3’s mission and the calibration and validation plan at JAXA. The standard product is the system corrected data using the sensor models, which will be provided from the sensor development team. Therefore, the sensor calibration is directly affected to the accuracies of the standard product. In addition, the sensor model based the Rational Polynomial Coefficient will be contained with level 1B2 standard product that can be used to process an ortho rectification and three-dimensional measurement from ALOS-3 images. As the target accuracy of WISH’s standard products, the geometric accuracies are less than 5 m in horizontal without ground control point (GCP), and 1.25 m in horizontal and 2.5 m in vertical with GCPs (1 sigma), and the radiometric accuracy is ± 10 % as absolutely and ± 5 % as relatively for multispectral band.

Published
2020
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6. UPDATES OF ‘AW3D30’ ALOS GLOBAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL IN ANTARCTICA WITH OTHER OPEN ACCESS DATASETS

Author

M. Doutsu, Takeo Tadono, J. Takaku, F. Ohgushi, and H. Kai

Subjects
Technology, Elevation, Stereoscopy, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, Grid, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Panchromatic film, law.invention, TA1501-1820, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, law, Satellite, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1-2040, Digital elevation model, Geology, Remote sensing
Abstract

In 2016, the first processing of the semi-global digital surface models (DSMs) utilizing all the archives of stereo imageries derived from the Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) was successfully completed. The dataset was freely released to the public in 30 m grid spacing as the ‘ALOS World 3D - 30m (AW3D30)’, which was generated from its original version processed in 5 m or 2.5 m grid spacing. The dataset has been updated since then to improve the absolute/relative height accuracies with additional calibrations. However, the most significant update that should be applied for improving the data usability is the filling of void areas, which correspond to approx. 10% of semiglobal coverage, mostly due to cloud covers. In 2020, we completed the filling process by using other open-access digital elevation models (DEMs) such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM), ArcticDEM, etc., except for Antarctica. In this paper, we report on the filling process of the remaining voids in Antarctica by using other open-access DEMs such as Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) DSM, TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement (TanDEM-X, TDX) 90m DEM, and ASTER GDEM to complete the void-free semi-global AW3D30 datasets.

Published
2021

8. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) copolymer synthesis by using 1-pentanol and oleic acid: Process optimization and polymer characterization

Author

Ahmad R. M. Yahya, N. A. Azami, H. Kai-Hee, K. Shantini, and Al-Ashraf Abdullah Amirul

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Central composite design, Polymer characterization, Organic Chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Polymer, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Oleic acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Copolymer, Bioreactor, Molar mass distribution, Process optimization, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Effective high-level production of copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) P(3HB-co-3HV) is a necessary prerequisite for the application of this copolymer in large scale industries. In this study, batch culture of Cupriavidus malaysiensis sp. USMAA2-4 was investigated for the optimization of intracellular copolymer P(3HB-co-3HV). A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the growth [residual cell dry weight (RCDW)], PHA content, and 3HV monomer composition of the culture medium. The copolymer was optimized with respect to variation in time of incubation, varying concentration of 1-pentanol, aeration rate, and agitation speed. A maximum of 9.8 g/L RCDW with 250% increment and 8.7 g/L PHA concentration with 223% increment were obtained using the optimized conditions compared to 2.8 g/L RCDW and 2.7 g/L PHA concentration before optimization. Statistical optimization revealed that agitation speed and aeration rate established relatively major importance for the accumulation of this copolymer in a 3.6-L bioreactor. The productivity of the copolymer increased significantly by four-fold from 0.037 g/L/h to 0.160 g/L/h when the strain was cultivated under optimized conditions. However, the concentration of oleic acid and 1-pentanol remained the same before and after optimization proving the efficiency of statistical optimization in reducing the cost of polymer production. Optimization of copolymer not only decreased the production cost of P(3HB-co-3HV) but also helped in increasing productivity. The mechanical analysis revealed that tensile strength, elongation at break, and average molecular weight of the copolymer produced were 6–29 MPa, 1–3%, and 100–233 kDa, respectively.

Published
2021
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10. UPDATES OF ‘AW3D30’ ALOS GLOBAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL WITH OTHER OPEN ACCESS DATASETS

Author

M. Doutsu, Takeo Tadono, Junichi Takaku, H. Kai, and F. Ohgushi

Subjects
lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Computer science, business.industry, lcsh:T, lcsh:TA1501-1820, Cloud computing, Stereoscopy, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, Grid, lcsh:Technology, Panchromatic film, law.invention, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, law, lcsh:TA1-2040, business, Digital elevation model, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Remote sensing
Abstract

In 2016 we first completed the global data processing of digital surface models (DSMs) by using the whole archives of stereo imageries derived from the Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). The dataset was freely released to the public in 30 m grid spacing as the ‘ALOS World 3D - 30m (AW3D30)’, which was generated from its original version processed in 5 m or 2.5 m grid spacing. The dataset has been updated since then to improve the absolute/relative height accuracies with additional calibrations. However the most significant update that should be applied for improving the data usability is the filling of void areas, which correspond to approx. 10% of global coverage, mostly due to cloud covers. In this paper we introduce the updates of AW3D30 filling the voids with other open-access DSMs such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM), ArcticDEM, etc., through inter-comparisons among these datasets.

Published
2020

11. The Investigation of Material Modification for SiO2, Si3N4 Film and Photo-resist using High-Dose Ion Implantation Technique

Author

J. Sasaki, H. Kai, T. Kuroi, R. Wada, and N. Kawakami

Subjects
Fabrication, Plasma etching, Materials science, Ion implantation, Chemical engineering, fungi, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, Surface modification, Dry etching, Plasma, Photoresist, Ion
Abstract

We studied material modification of SiO 2 , Si 3 N 4 and photo-resist film by using high-dose ion implantation technique. The both wet and dry etching rate can be controlled by selecting the ion species and implantation dose. The wet etching rate of SiO 2 film can be changed both increase and decrease direction. The dry etching rate against CF 4 plasma is increased by P+implantation for SiO 2 film and by N+implantation for Si 3 N 4 film, respectively. For photo-resist film, N+implantation can improve the selectivity during plasma etching without degradation of removal characteristics. Those techniques can be quite useful for fabrication process of CMOS devices.

Published
2020
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12. Cerebral small vessel disease genomics and its implications across the lifespan

Author

Sargurupremraj, M. (Muralidharan), Suzuki, H. (Hideaki), Jian, X. (Xueqiu), Sarnowski, C., Evans, T.E (Tavia), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Habes, M. (Mohamad), Zhao, W. (Wei), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola J.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Yanek, L.R. (Lisa), Hagenaars, S.P. (Saskia P.), Kumar, R.B. (Rajan B.), Akker, E.B. (Erik) van den, McWhirter, R.E. (Rebekah E.), Trompet, S. (Stella), Mishra, A. (Aniket), Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Satizabal, C.L. (Claudia), Beaudet, G. (Gregory), Petit, L. (Laurent), Tsuchida, A. (Ami), Zago, L. (Laure), Schilling, S. (Sabrina), Sigurdsson, S. (Stefan), Gottesman, R.F. (Rebecca), Lewis, C.E. (Cora E.), Aggarwal, N.T. (Neelum T.), Lopez, O.L. (Oscar), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria C.), van der Grond, J. (Jeroen), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Knol, M.J. (Maria J.), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Thomson, R. (Russell), Bordes, C. (Constance), Le Grand, Q. (Quentin), Duperron, M.-G. (Marie-Gabrielle), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Knopman, D.S. (David), Schreiner, P.J. (Pamela), Evans, D.A. (Denis A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Beiser, A. (Alexa), Maniega, S.M. (Susana Muñoz), Beekman, M. (Marian), Trollor, J., Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Vernooij, M.W. (Meike), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Niessen, W.J. (Wiro), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Sidney, S. (Stephen), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Davies, G. (Gail), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Völker, U. (Uwe), Buchem, M.A. (Mark) van, Bryan, R.N. (R. Nick), Amin, N. (Najaf), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Ames, D.J. (David), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Kwok, J.B. (John B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Schofield, P.R. (Peter R.), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Setoh, K. (Kazuya), Miyamoto, S. (Susumu), Yoshida, K. (Kazumichi), Nagata, M. (Manabu), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Bennett, D.A. (David), De Jager, P., Mosley, T.H. (Thomas H.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Warren, H. (Helen), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Trégouët, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Andrade, M. (Mariza) de, Basu, S. (Saonli), Berr, C. (Claudine), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Dartigues, J.-F., Folsom, A.R. (Aaron), Germain, M. (Marine), de Haan, H. (Hugoline), Heit, J.A. (John), Houwing-Duitermaat, J. (Jeanine), Kabrhel, C. (Christopher), Kraft, P. (Peter), Legal, G. (Grégoire), Lindström, S. (Sara), Monajemi, R. (Ramin), Morange, P.-E. (P.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce M.), Reitsma, P.H. (Pieter H.), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Peyvandi, F. (Flora), Saut, N. (Noemie), Slagboom, E. (Eline), Smadja, D. (David), Smith, N.L. (Nicholas L.), Suchon, P. (Pierre), Tang, W. (Weihong), Taylor, K.D. (Kent D.), Tregouet, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Visser, M.C.H. (Marieke) de, Hylckama Vlieg, A. (Astrid) van, Weng, L.-C., Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri L.), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela M.), Todt, U. (Unda), Freilinger, T.M. (Tobias M.), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, M. (Maria), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew), Madden, P.A.F. (Pamela A. F.), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Francke Christensen, A. (Anne), Folkmann Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (M. Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), van den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M.), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Davey Smith, G. (George), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wen, W. (Wei), DeCarli, C. (Charles), Srikanth, V. (Velandai), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Nyquist, P. (Paul), Mather, R., Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Longstreth Jr, W.T., Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lathrop, M. (Mark), Seshadri, S. (Sudha), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Debette, S. (Stéphanie), Sargurupremraj, M. (Muralidharan), Suzuki, H. (Hideaki), Jian, X. (Xueqiu), Sarnowski, C., Evans, T.E (Tavia), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Habes, M. (Mohamad), Zhao, W. (Wei), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola J.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Yanek, L.R. (Lisa), Hagenaars, S.P. (Saskia P.), Kumar, R.B. (Rajan B.), Akker, E.B. (Erik) van den, McWhirter, R.E. (Rebekah E.), Trompet, S. (Stella), Mishra, A. (Aniket), Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Satizabal, C.L. (Claudia), Beaudet, G. (Gregory), Petit, L. (Laurent), Tsuchida, A. (Ami), Zago, L. (Laure), Schilling, S. (Sabrina), Sigurdsson, S. (Stefan), Gottesman, R.F. (Rebecca), Lewis, C.E. (Cora E.), Aggarwal, N.T. (Neelum T.), Lopez, O.L. (Oscar), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria C.), van der Grond, J. (Jeroen), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Knol, M.J. (Maria J.), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Thomson, R. (Russell), Bordes, C. (Constance), Le Grand, Q. (Quentin), Duperron, M.-G. (Marie-Gabrielle), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Knopman, D.S. (David), Schreiner, P.J. (Pamela), Evans, D.A. (Denis A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Beiser, A. (Alexa), Maniega, S.M. (Susana Muñoz), Beekman, M. (Marian), Trollor, J., Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Vernooij, M.W. (Meike), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Niessen, W.J. (Wiro), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Sidney, S. (Stephen), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Davies, G. (Gail), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Völker, U. (Uwe), Buchem, M.A. (Mark) van, Bryan, R.N. (R. Nick), Amin, N. (Najaf), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Ames, D.J. (David), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Kwok, J.B. (John B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Schofield, P.R. (Peter R.), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Setoh, K. (Kazuya), Miyamoto, S. (Susumu), Yoshida, K. (Kazumichi), Nagata, M. (Manabu), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Bennett, D.A. (David), De Jager, P., Mosley, T.H. (Thomas H.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Warren, H. (Helen), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Trégouët, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Andrade, M. (Mariza) de, Basu, S. (Saonli), Berr, C. (Claudine), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Dartigues, J.-F., Folsom, A.R. (Aaron), Germain, M. (Marine), de Haan, H. (Hugoline), Heit, J.A. (John), Houwing-Duitermaat, J. (Jeanine), Kabrhel, C. (Christopher), Kraft, P. (Peter), Legal, G. (Grégoire), Lindström, S. (Sara), Monajemi, R. (Ramin), Morange, P.-E. (P.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce M.), Reitsma, P.H. (Pieter H.), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Peyvandi, F. (Flora), Saut, N. (Noemie), Slagboom, E. (Eline), Smadja, D. (David), Smith, N.L. (Nicholas L.), Suchon, P. (Pierre), Tang, W. (Weihong), Taylor, K.D. (Kent D.), Tregouet, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Visser, M.C.H. (Marieke) de, Hylckama Vlieg, A. (Astrid) van, Weng, L.-C., Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri L.), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela M.), Todt, U. (Unda), Freilinger, T.M. (Tobias M.), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, M. (Maria), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew), Madden, P.A.F. (Pamela A. F.), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Francke Christensen, A. (Anne), Folkmann Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (M. Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), van den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M.), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Davey Smith, G. (George), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wen, W. (Wei), DeCarli, C. (Charles), Srikanth, V. (Velandai), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Nyquist, P. (Paul), Mather, R., Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Longstreth Jr, W.T., Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lathrop, M. (Mark), Seshadri, S. (Sudha), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), and Debette, S. (Stéphanie)

Abstract

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most common brain-imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), hypertension being the main known risk factor. Here, we identify 27 genome-wide loci for WMH-volume in a cohort of 50,970 older individuals, accounting for modification/confounding by hypertension. Aggregated WMH risk variants were associated with altered white matter integrity (p = 2.5×10-7) in brain images from 1,738 young healthy adults, providing insight into the lifetime impact of SVD genetic risk. Mendelian randomization suggested causal association of increasing WMH-volume with stroke, Alzheimer-type dementia, and of increasing blood pressure (BP) with larger WMH-volume, notably also in persons without clinical hypertension. Transcriptome-wide colocalization analyses showed association of WMH-volume with expression of 39 genes, of which four encode known drug targets. Finally, we provide insight into BP-independent biological pathways underlying SVD and suggest potential for genetic stratification of high-risk individuals and for genetically-informed prioritization of drug targets for prevention trials.

Published
2020
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13. A genome-wide cross-phenotype meta-analysis of the association of blood pressure with migraine

Author

Guo, Y. (Yanjun), Rist, P.M. (Pamela M.), Daghlas, I. (Iyas), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tonu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela), Todt, U. (Unda), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.D. (Scott D.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie E.), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Hrafnsdottir, M.G. (Maria Gudlaug), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda W. J. H.), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew C.), Madden, P.A. (Pamela), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Christensen, A.F. (Anne Francke), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M. van den), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale R.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Agee, M. (Michelle), Auton, A. (Adam), Bell, R.K. (Robert K.), Bryc, K. (Katarzyna), Elson, S.L. (Sarah L.), Fontanillas, P. (Pierre), Huber, K.E. (Karen E.), Kleinman, A. (Aaron), Litterman, N.K. (Nadia K.), McCreight, J.C. (Jennifer C.), McIntyre, M.H. (Matthew H.), Mountain, J.L. (Joanna L.), Noblin, E.S. (Elizabeth S.), Northover, C.A.M. (Carrie A. M.), Pitts, S.J. (Steven J.), Sathirapongsasuti, J.F. (J. Fah), Sazonova, O.V. (Olga V.), Shelton, J.F. (Janie F.), Shringarpure, S. (Suyash), Tian, C. (Chao), Tung, J.Y. (Joyce Y.), Vacic, V. (Vladimir), Kurth, K.H. (Karl), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Guo, Y. (Yanjun), Rist, P.M. (Pamela M.), Daghlas, I. (Iyas), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tonu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela), Todt, U. (Unda), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.D. (Scott D.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie E.), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Hrafnsdottir, M.G. (Maria Gudlaug), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda W. J. H.), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew C.), Madden, P.A. (Pamela), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Christensen, A.F. (Anne Francke), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M. van den), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale R.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Agee, M. (Michelle), Auton, A. (Adam), Bell, R.K. (Robert K.), Bryc, K. (Katarzyna), Elson, S.L. (Sarah L.), Fontanillas, P. (Pierre), Huber, K.E. (Karen E.), Kleinman, A. (Aaron), Litterman, N.K. (Nadia K.), McCreight, J.C. (Jennifer C.), McIntyre, M.H. (Matthew H.), Mountain, J.L. (Joanna L.), Noblin, E.S. (Elizabeth S.), Northover, C.A.M. (Carrie A. M.), Pitts, S.J. (Steven J.), Sathirapongsasuti, J.F. (J. Fah), Sazonova, O.V. (Olga V.), Shelton, J.F. (Janie F.), Shringarpure, S. (Suyash), Tian, C. (Chao), Tung, J.Y. (Joyce Y.), Vacic, V. (Vladimir), Kurth, K.H. (Karl), and Chasman, D.I. (Daniel)

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) was inconsistently associated with migraine and the mechanisms of BP-lowering medications in migraine prophylaxis are unknown. Leveraging large-scale summary statistics for migraine (Ncases/Ncontrols = 59,674/316,078) and BP (N = 757,601), we find positive genetic correlations of migraine with diastolic BP (DBP, rg = 0.11, P = 3.56 × 10−06) and systolic BP (SBP, rg = 0.06, P = 0.01), but not pulse pressure (PP, rg = −0.01, P = 0.75). Cross-trait meta-analysis reveals 14 shared loci (P ≤ 5 × 10−08), nine of which replicate (P < 0.05) in the UK Biobank. Five shared loci (ITGB5, SMG6, ADRA2B, ANKDD1B, and KIAA0040) are reinforced in gene-level analysis and highlight potential mechanisms involving vascular development, endothelial function and calcium homeostasis. Mendelian randomization reveals stronger instrumental estimates of DBP (OR [95% CI] = 1.20 [1.15–1.25]/10 mmHg; P = 5.57 × 10−25) on migraine than SBP (1.05 [1.03–1.07]/10 mmHg; P = 2.60 × 10−07) and a corresponding opposite effect for PP (0.92 [0.88–0.95]/10 mmHg; P = 3.65 × 10−07). These findings support a critical role of DBP in migraine susceptibility and shared biology underlying BP and migraine.

Published
2020
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15. Estimation Of CO2 Penetrating Pore Throat Diameter Based On CO2 Miscible Flood Experimental Results

Author

T. Yamada, Y. Miyagawa, H. Yonebayashi, K. Takabayashi, T. Watanabe, and H. Kai

Subjects
SORM, Regional geology, Hydrogeology, Petroleum engineering, Engineering geology, Environmental science, Enhanced oil recovery, Saturation (chemistry), Igneous petrology, Environmental geology
Abstract

CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been commercially applied all over the world to produce more oil. The CO2 function is to attain minimum miscibility pressures at reasonably low pressure compared with reservoir pressure. This generates CO2 miscible flooding leading to more preferable oil recovery. Even under such a preferable condition, 100% oil recovery is rarely seen in laboratory experiments: coreflood and slimtube tests. However, compositional simulation of gas-injection sometimes predicted zero oil saturation in certain grids. To decrease a gap between practical and numerical phenomenon, Hiraiwa et al. (2007) developed a method of incorporating residual oil saturation obtained in laboratory coreflood experiments. The concept of Sorm was defined as the residual oil saturation that did not decrease less than user-prescribed values. To evaluate CO2 EOR more practically, the laboratory results were used to estimate Sorm in core scale for numerical modelling. This paper presents extensive laboratory results of unsteady state oil displacement by 15PV CO2 much more than usual CO2 coreflood experiments of 2-3 PV. By properly considering such on-site reality into account for laboratory core flooding design, a core scale Sorm can be obtained. Based on the Sorm, CO2-penetrating pore throat size was discussed in this study.

Published
2018
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16. A comprehensive characterization of aggravated aging-related changes in T lymphocytes and monocytes in end-stage renal disease: The iESRD study

Author

Chiu, Y.-L. (Yen-Ling), Shu, K.-H. (Kai-Hsiang), Yang, F.-J. (Feng-Jung), Chou, T.-Y. (Tzu-Ying), Chen, P.-M. (Ping-Min), Lay, F.-Y. (Fang-Yun), Pan, S.-Y. (Szu-Yu), Lin, C.-J. (Cheng-Jui), Litjens, N.H.R. (Nicolle), Betjes, M.G.H. (Michiel), Bermudez, S. (Selma), Kao, K.-C. (Kung-Chi), Chia, J.-S. (Jean-San), Wang, G. (George), Peng, Y.-S. (Yu-Sen), Chuang, Y.-F. (Yi-Fang), Chiu, Y.-L. (Yen-Ling), Shu, K.-H. (Kai-Hsiang), Yang, F.-J. (Feng-Jung), Chou, T.-Y. (Tzu-Ying), Chen, P.-M. (Ping-Min), Lay, F.-Y. (Fang-Yun), Pan, S.-Y. (Szu-Yu), Lin, C.-J. (Cheng-Jui), Litjens, N.H.R. (Nicolle), Betjes, M.G.H. (Michiel), Bermudez, S. (Selma), Kao, K.-C. (Kung-Chi), Chia, J.-S. (Jean-San), Wang, G. (George), Peng, Y.-S. (Yu-Sen), and Chuang, Y.-F. (Yi-Fang)

Abstract

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) exhibit a premature aging phenotype of the immune system. Nevertheless, the etiology and impact of these changes in ESRD patients remain unknown. Results: Compared to healthy individuals, ESRD patients exhibit accelerated immunosenescence in both T cell and monocyte compartments, characterized by a dramatic reduction in naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers but increase in CD8+ TEMRA cell and proinflammatory monocyte numbers. Notably, within ESRD patients, aging-related immune changes positively correlated not only with increasing age but also with longer dialysis vintage. In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, the combination of high terminally differentiated CD8+ T cell level and high intermediate monocyte level, as a composite predictive immunophenotype, was independently associated with prevalent coronary artery disease as well as cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for age, sex, systemic inflammation and presence of diabetes. Levels of terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells also positively correlated with the level of uremic toxin p-cresyl sulfate. Conclusions: Aging-associated adaptive and innate immune changes are aggravated in ESRD and are associated with cardiovascular diseases. For the first time, our study demonstrates the potential link between immunosenescence in ESRD and duration of exposure to the uremic milieu.

Published
2018
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17. Age at first birth in women is genetically associated with increased risk of schizophrenia

Author

Ni, G. (Guiyan), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Wray, N.R. (Naomi R.), Lee, S.H. (Sang Hong), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Walters, J.T. (James), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Collier, D.A. (David), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Agerbo, E. (Esben), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Begemann, M. (Martin), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bene, J. (Judit), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Chan, R.C.K. (Raymond C. K.), Chen, R.Y.L. (Ronald Y.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y. H.), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cheung, E.F.C. (Eric F. C.), Chong, S.A. (Siow Ann), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cohen, N. (Nadine), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Demontis, D. (Ditte), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Durmishi, N. (Naser), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedl, M., Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Golimbet, V. (Vera), Gopal, R. (Robin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hammer, C. (Christian), Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Hollegaard, M.V. (Mads V), Hougaard, D.M. (David), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Juliá, A. (Antonio), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karachanak-Yankova, S. (Sena), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kennedy, J.L., Khrunin, A. (Andrey), Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Klovins, J. (Janis), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Kučinskas, V. (Vaidutis), Kucinskiene, Z.A. (Zita Ausrele), Kuzelova-Ptackova, H. (Hana), Kähler, J. (Jan), Laurent, C. (Camille), Keong, J.L.C. (Jimmy Lee Chee), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Li, M. (Miaoxin), Li, T. (Tao), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Limborska, S. (Svetlana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Macek, M. (Milan MI), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Marsal, S. (Sara), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melegh, B. (Bela), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W.), Mors, O., Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Nelis, M. (Mari), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nikitina-Zake, L. (Liene), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), O'neill, F.A. (F. Anthony), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), Os, J.V. (Jim Van), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Papiol, S. (Sergi), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. (Milica), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schubert, C.R. (Christian R.), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Sigurdsson, E. (Engilbert), Silagadze, T. (Teimuraz), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Sim, K. (Kang), Slominsky, P. (Petr), Smoller, J.W., So, H.-C. (Hon-Cheong), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Stogmann, E. (Elisabeth), Straub, R.E. (Richard), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J. (Jana), Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Subramaniam, V. (Venkat), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Söderman, E. (Erik), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Toncheva, D. (Draga), Tosato, S. (Sarah), Veijola, J. (Juha), Waddington, J. (John), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Wang, D. (Dai), Wang, Q. (Qiang), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wong, E.H.M. (Emily H.M.), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Xi, H.S. (Hualin Simon), Zai, C.C. (Clement C.), Zheng, X. (Xuebin), Zimprich, F. (Fritz), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D.), Borglum, A.D. (Anders), Cichon, S. (Sven), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Ehrenreich, H. (Hannelore), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Lencz, T. (Todd), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Malhotra, A.K. (Anil K), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Mortensen, P.B., Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey L.), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sham, P.C. (Pak C.), Sklar, P. (Pamela), Clair, D.S., Weinberger, D.R. (Daniel), Wendland, A. (Annika), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Ni, G. (Guiyan), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Wray, N.R. (Naomi R.), Lee, S.H. (Sang Hong), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Walters, J.T. (James), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Collier, D.A. (David), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Agerbo, E. (Esben), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Begemann, M. (Martin), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bene, J. (Judit), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan J.), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Chan, R.C.K. (Raymond C. K.), Chen, R.Y.L. (Ronald Y.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y. H.), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cheung, E.F.C. (Eric F. C.), Chong, S.A. (Siow Ann), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cohen, N. (Nadine), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Demontis, D. (Ditte), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Durmishi, N. (Naser), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedl, M., Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Golimbet, V. (Vera), Gopal, R. (Robin), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hammer, C. (Christian), Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M.), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Hollegaard, M.V. (Mads V), Hougaard, D.M. (David), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Juliá, A. (Antonio), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karachanak-Yankova, S. (Sena), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kennedy, J.L., Khrunin, A. (Andrey), Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Klovins, J. (Janis), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Kučinskas, V. (Vaidutis), Kucinskiene, Z.A. (Zita Ausrele), Kuzelova-Ptackova, H. (Hana), Kähler, J. (Jan), Laurent, C. (Camille), Keong, J.L.C. (Jimmy Lee Chee), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Li, M. (Miaoxin), Li, T. (Tao), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Limborska, S. (Svetlana), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Macek, M. (Milan MI), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Marsal, S. (Sara), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melegh, B. (Bela), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W.), Mors, O., Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Nelis, M. (Mari), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nikitina-Zake, L. (Liene), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), O'neill, F.A. (F. Anthony), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), Os, J.V. (Jim Van), Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Papiol, S. (Sergi), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. (Milica), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schubert, C.R. (Christian R.), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Sigurdsson, E. (Engilbert), Silagadze, T. (Teimuraz), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Sim, K. (Kang), Slominsky, P. (Petr), Smoller, J.W., So, H.-C. (Hon-Cheong), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Stogmann, E. (Elisabeth), Straub, R.E. (Richard), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J. (Jana), Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Subramaniam, V. (Venkat), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Söderman, E. (Erik), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Toncheva, D. (Draga), Tosato, S. (Sarah), Veijola, J. (Juha), Waddington, J. (John), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Wang, D. (Dai), Wang, Q. (Qiang), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wong, E.H.M. (Emily H.M.), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Xi, H.S. (Hualin Simon), Zai, C.C. (Clement C.), Zheng, X. (Xuebin), Zimprich, F. (Fritz), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D.), Borglum, A.D. (Anders), Cichon, S. (Sven), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Ehrenreich, H. (Hannelore), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Lencz, T. (Todd), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Malhotra, A.K. (Anil K), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Mortensen, P.B., Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey L.), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sham, P.C. (Pak C.), Sklar, P. (Pamela), Clair, D.S., Weinberger, D.R. (Daniel), Wendland, A. (Annika), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), and O'donovan, M.C. (Michael)

Abstract

Previous studies have shown an increased risk for mental health problems in children born to both younger and older parents compared to children of average-aged parents. We previously used a novel design to reveal a latent mechanism of genetic association between schizophrenia and age at first birth in women (AFB). Here, we use independent data from the UK Biobank (N = 38,892) to replicate the finding of an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women, and to estimate the genetic correlation between schizophrenia

Published
2018
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18. Improved solar-driven photocatalytic performance of highly crystalline hydrogenated TiO₂ nanofibers with core-shell structure

Author

Wu, M.-C. (Ming-Chung), Chen, C.-H. (Ching-Hsiang), Huang, W.-K. (Wei-Kang), Hsiao, K.-C. (Kai-Chi), Lin, T.-H. (Ting-Han), Chan, S.-H. (Shun-Hsiang), Wu, P.-Y. (Po-Yeh), Lu, C.-F. (Chun-Fu), Chang, Y.-H. (Yin-Hsuan), Lin, T.-F. (Tz-Feng), Hsu, K.-H. (Kai-Hsiang), Hsu, J.-F. (Jen-Fu), Lee, K.-M. (Kun-Mu), Shyue, J.-J. (Jing-Jong), Kordás, K. (Krisztián), and Su, W.-F. (Wei-Fang)

Subjects
nanowires, photocatalysis
Abstract

Hydrogenated titanium dioxide has attracted intensive research interests in pollutant removal applications due to its high photocatalytic activity. Herein, we demonstrate hydrogenated TiO₂ nanofibers (H:TiO₂ NFs) with a core-shell structure prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis and subsequent heat treatment in hydrogen flow. H:TiO₂ NFs has excellent solar light absorption and photogenerated charge formation behavior as confirmed by optical absorbance, photo-Kelvin force probe microscopy and photoinduced charge carrier dynamics analyses. Photodegradation of various organic dyes such as methyl orange, rhodamine 6G and brilliant green is shown to take place with significantly higher rates on our novel catalyst than on pristine TiO₂ nanofibers and commercial nanoparticle based photocatalytic materials, which is attributed to surface defects (oxygen vacancy and Ti³⁺ interstitial defect) on the hydrogen treated surface. We propose three properties/mechanisms responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic activity, which are: (1) improved absorbance allowing for increased exciton generation, (2) highly crystalline anatase TiO₂ that promotes fast charge transport rate, and (3) decreased charge recombination caused by the nanoscopic Schottky junctions at the interface of pristine core and hydrogenated shell thus promoting long-life surface charges. The developed H:TiO₂ NFs can be helpful for future high performance photocatalysts in environmental applications.

Published
2017

19. Characterization of Low-Pathogenic H5 Subtype Influenza Viruses from Eurasia: Implications for the Origin of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Viruses

Author

Jinxia Zhang, K. S. Li, Emanuela Foni, C. Chiapponi, Laura Campitelli, Joseph S. M. Peiris, Kennedy F. Shortridge, Y. H. C. Leung, Wai Lan Wu, Gavin J. D. Smith, Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna, H. Kai, Honglin Chen, Xiaohui Fan, Mauro Delogu, Isabella Donatelli, Lian Duan, Robert G. Webster, Yi Guan, L. Duan, L. Campitelli, X. H. Fan, Y. H. C. Leung, D. Vijaykrishna, J. X. Zhang, I. Donatelli, M. Delogu, K. S. Li, E. Foni, C. Chiapponi, W. L. Wu, H. Kai, R. G. Webster, K. F. Shortridge, J. S. M. Peiri, Gavin J. D. Smith, H. Chen, and Y. Guan

Subjects
viruses, Immunology, Reassortment, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, H5N1 genetic structure, Virus, Birds, VIRAL REASSORTMENT, Phylogenetics, Virology, Influenza A virus, medicine, Animals, Phylogeny, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, virus diseases, Outbreak, H5N1, Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, PHILOGENETIC ANALYSES, Genetic Diversity and Evolution, Insect Science, Viral disease, AVIAN INFLUENZA
Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses are now endemic in many Asian countries, resulting in repeated outbreaks in poultry and increased cases of human infection. The immediate precursor of these HPAI viruses is believed to be A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 (Gs/GD)-like H5N1 HPAI viruses first detected in Guangdong, China, in 1996. From 2000 onwards, many novel reassortant H5N1 influenza viruses or genotypes have emerged in southern China. However, precursors of the Gs/GD-like viruses and their subsequent reassortants have not been fully determined. Here we characterize low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H5 subtype viruses isolated from poultry and migratory birds in southern China and Europe from the 1970s to the 2000s. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Gs/GD-like virus was likely derived from an LPAI H5 virus in migratory birds. However, its variants arose from multiple reassortments between Gs/GD-like virus and viruses from migratory birds or with those Eurasian viruses isolated in the 1970s. It is of note that unlike HPAI H5N1 viruses, those recent LPAI H5 viruses have not become established in aquatic or terrestrial poultry. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the dynamic nature of the influenza virus gene pool in Eurasia with repeated transmissions between the eastern and western extremities of the continent. The data also show reassortment between influenza viruses from domestic and migratory birds in this region that has contributed to the expanded diversity of the influenza virus gene pool among poultry in Eurasia.

Published
2007
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20. Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects

Author

Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Sebat, J. (Jonathan), Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), and Sebat, J. (Jonathan)

Abstract

Copy number variants (CNVs) have been strongly implicated in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, genome-wide investigation of the contribution of CNV to risk has been hampered by limited sample sizes. We sought to address this obstacle by applying a centralized analysis pipeline to a SCZ cohort of 21,094 cases and 20,227 controls. A global enrichment of CNV burden was observed in cases (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, P = 5.7 × 10-15), which persisted after excluding loci implicated in previous studies (OR = 1.07, P = 1.7 × 10-6). CNV burden was enriched for genes associated with synaptic function (OR = 1.68, P = 2.8 × 10-11) and neurobehavioral phenotypes in mouse (OR = 1.18, P = 7.3 × 10-5). Genome-wide significant evidence was obtained for eight loci, including 1q21.1, 2p16.3 (NRXN1), 3q29, 7q11.2, 15q13.3, distal 16p11.2, proximal 16p11.2 and 22q11.2. Suggestive support was found for eight additional candidate susceptibility and protective loci, which consisted predominantly of CNVs mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination.

Published
2017
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21. Cooperative Behavior of the Random and Correlated Pinning in Er123 Films With Columnar Defects

Author

Masashi Mukaida, M. Namba, Satoshi Ito, H. Kai, Eiji Aoyagi, Satoru Okayasu, K. Watanabe, and Satoshi Awaji

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, High-temperature superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Field (physics), Near and far field, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic flux, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Magnetic field, Irreversible process, law, Irradiation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

The flux pinning behaviors for the heavy ion irradiated Er123 films are investigated based on the detailed Jc(B,T,θ) properties. The double peaks of Fp curves for B//c appear in case of the matching field of 0.3 T along c-axis and 1.7 T tilted from c-axis. In addition, the peaks on Jc(θ) at θ = 0°(B//c), which originate from the columnar defects, decrease with increasing magnetic field but increase again near the irreversibility field. We found that the cooperation model of the c-axis correlated and random pinning centers can describe the observed double peak behavior of Fp(B) and the angular dependence of Jc related to the correlated pinning.

Published
2011
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22. Intrinsic Surface Resistance of YBCO Thin Films Under DC Magnetic Field

Author

S. Ohshima, K. Nakagawa, K. Takeda, S. Ono, Kensuke Nakajima, Masashi Mukaida, H. Kai, Atsushi Saito, and T. Honma

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, High-temperature superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Superconducting magnet, Yttrium barium copper oxide, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Magnetic field, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, law, Dielectric loss, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, Sheet resistance
Abstract

We investigated the dc magnetic field and temperature dependences of the microwave intrinsic surface resistance (Rsint) of YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) superconducting thin films with various thicknesses. We used YBCO films from 100, 200, and 300 nm thick YBCO films deposited on CeO2/Al2O3 substrates. The Rsint is means the surface resistance of YBCO film without the dielectric loss of the substrates. The Rsint was obtained from measured surface resistance (Rs) by using a phenomenological equation. The Rs was measured using the dielectric resonator method at 21.8 GHz. A dc magnetic field of up to 5.0 T was applied parallel to the c-axis of the superconducting thin films during the Rs measurements. The Rsint of the YBCO thin films increased when the dc magnetic field was applied. These relations could be explained with the two-fluid model for high-frequency and high-magnetic field limits. The Rsint ratio (defined as Rsint (5T)/Rsint (0T)) slightly decreased with the film thickness. These results indicate that the Rsint of HTS films depends on the film thickness in the dc magnetic field and the Rsint in a dc magnetic field may be related to the pinning center in the HTS films.

Published
2011
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23. Effects of Proton Beams and X Rays on the Cell Cycle of Fluorescent Ubiquitination-Based Cell Cycle Indicator (Fucci)-Expressing Cells

Author

Toshiyuki Toshito, S. Hashimoto, K. Nakajima, K. Omachi, Chihiro Omachi, S. Kamei, Hiroyuki Ogino, J. Nagayoshi, Jun-etsu Mizoe, Hiromitsu Iwata, T. Shuto, M. Moriuchi, H. Kai, and Yuta Shibamoto

Subjects
Cancer Research, Radiation, Proton, biology, business.industry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cell cycle, Fluorescence, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, Ubiquitin, biology.protein, Biophysics, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Published
2018
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24. Relationship between intrinsic surface resistance and critical current density of YBCO thin films with various thickness

Author

T. Honma, Atsushi Saito, K. Nakagawa, S. Ono, H. Kai, Masashi Mukaida, S. Nakayama, and Shigetoshi Ohshima

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Dielectric resonator, Substrate (electronics), Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Surface conductivity, Phenomenological model, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, Penetration depth, Sheet resistance
Abstract

We investigated the relationship between the intrinsic surface resistance ( R s int ) and critical current density (Jc) of YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) film thinner than the penetration depth (λL). The measured YBCO films were deposited on CeO2-buffered r-cut Al2O3 substrates by the pulsed laser deposition method. The thicknesses of these films were 300, 200, and 100 nm, respectively. The R s int means the surface resistance of YBCO film removing the loss by the impedance of the substrates. The effective surface resistance ( R s eff ) including the impedance of the substrate and the Jc of each YBCO film were measured using the dielectric resonator method at 21.8 GHz and the inductive method. We calculated R s int by using phenomenological expressions and the R s eff value. The R s int values of each YBCO film were almost the same in the measured temperature region. As a result, we found that R s int was in inverse proportion to the Jc of YBCO film thinner than λL.

Published
2010
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25. Growth mechanism of nanorods in REBa2Cu3Oy films (RE: rare-earth element)

Author

Ryusuke Kita, Shigeru Horii, H. Kai, Masashi Mukaida, Kaname Matsumoto, Ataru Ichinose, and Yutaka Yoshida

Subjects
Nanostructure, Materials science, Mineralogy, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Pulsed laser deposition, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystallography, Transmission electron microscopy, Materials Chemistry, Nanorod, Thin film, Single crystal, Vicinal
Abstract

Critical current density under magnetic fields has been improved by the introduction of artificial pinning centers. Nanorods in REBa 2 Cu 3 O y films are significantly effective as c -axis-correlated pinning centers. However, nanorods sometimes tilt from the c -axis direction of superconducting films. To understand the mechanism of nanorod tilting, ErBa 2 Cu 3 O y films containing Ba(Nb 0.5 Er 0.5 )O 3 (BNO) nanorods were deposited on a SrTiO 3 single crystal with a vicinal surface. Microstructures of the nanorods were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, it was found that BNO nanorods grew diagonally from steps of the substrate surface in cross-sectional TEM images. The mechanism of the diagonal growth of nanorods can be explained by the segregation coefficient.

Published
2010
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26. Th17 (PP-014)

Author

A. E. Hauser, H. Wu, E. Esplugues, M. Tsuruoka, W. Niedbala, J. Elia, S. Tsuyoshi, B. Cai, V. Flamand, S. Iwamoto, M. Hirashima, S. Tanaka, H. L. Qian, H. Kai, C. Yu, A. Yoshimura, A. Yamauchi, J. Masuyama, Y. Kang, J. M. Wilson, J. Rohrer, T. Tanaka, M. Weinstein, F. Tsuji, D. Chuang, Y. Xiao, S. Yamada, E. A. M. Veraar, S. Wu, Yoh-ichi Tagawa, T. Kamiyama, S. M. Vieira, M. Tajima, S. Huber, J. C. Alves-Filho, F. Suzuki, J. Rabenstein, M. Kadowaki, K. Masuko, C. Liu, I. Debock, S. Oomizu, A. Chu, H. Aono, J. Kang, J. Lastovicka, K. Ishihara, A. Sediva, T. Arikawa, N. Malhotra, S. Miuznoe, B. Oh, X. Wang, F. Zhu, H. Yasuhara, J. M. Coquet, S. Lee, I. Matumoto, D. Wakita, T. Koga, Katsuko Sudo, K. Matsushima, S. Saijo, F. Q. Cunha, U. A. K. Betz, A. Ikejiri, H. Park, S. Y. Fukada, J. Yoon, H. Uga, O. Beretta, D. Noguchi, C. Chu, M. Roecken, H. Sepulveda, B. A. Wu-Hsieh, T. Matsuda, T. Okazawa, S. Kim, H. Hirota, H. Kitamura, Y. Liu, D. N. Herndon, T. Town, F. Liu, A. Yazdi, T. Niki, H. Lee, C. Deng, M. Kono, S. Feske, N. Ueda, R. Horvath, T. Sumida, G. Licandro, T. Nishimura, M. Harada, S. Koyasu, P. B. Ernst, M. Murakami, T. Sato, M. Suico, S. Black, M. Kanayama, Kazuo Sugane, C. Kitabayashi, K. Ghoreschi, C. Matsumoto, R. A. Flavell, T. Atsumi, M. G. Jeschke, E. A. O'Donnell, M. Nishihara, J. Borst, M. Kobayashi, Z. Lining, R. Spreafico, J. Morimoto, H. Ogura, A. Haberman, T. Kaisho, M. Pétein, N. Gagliani, T. Fukada, A. Miyazaki, J. Tschopp, G. van der Horst, J. Soh, S. Park, Yoichiroh Iwakura, T. Hu, S. Delbauve, Q. Wang, J. Ma, D. C. Gruenert, A. Mitani, Y. Miyamoto, S. Ikeda, P. Ricciardi-Castagnoli, S. Iwai, H. Watanabe, E. Huseby, T. Uede, S. Suzuki, C. McCarl, S. Hida, K. Ichiyama, I. Glocova, I. Azuma, S. Hojyo, K. Oguchi, F. Y. Liew, A. Mortellaro, J. Yu, M. Goldman, S. Nakae, A. Polouckova, J. Brueck, W. Ohashi, R. Spisek, M. Ikeda, T. Hirano, A. Inatsu, O. Kim, C. Conforti-Andreoni, M. Yanagida, S. Khalil, Masaya Takamoto, M. Festing, M. Mamura, S. Miaw, H. Kurata, M. Kanamoto, S. Nagai, and U. Ikeda

Subjects
Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, General Medicine
Published
2010
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28. Flux pinning properties of nano-rods comprised of BaMO3 (M=Zr, Sn) in REBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films prepared by PLD method

Author

Masashi Mukaida, K. Yonekura, H. Kai, Takanori Fujiyoshi, Kaname Matsumoto, Ryo Teranishi, Satoshi Awaji, Ataru Ichinose, K. Watanabe, R. Kajita, Tetsuro Sueyoshi, Shigeru Horii, and Yutaka Yoshida

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Rare earth, Doping, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Nanorod, Critical current, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, Nano rods
Abstract

We investigated the flux pinning properties of nano-rods comprised of BaZrO 3 and BaSnO 3 in REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ (REBCO, RE: rare earth elements) thin films. The doping amounts of BaZrO 3 in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ thin films and BaSnO 3 in ErBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ thin films were varied with 0–3.5 wt% and 2.0–4.0 wt%, respectively. The in-field critical current density of 1.5 wt%-BaZrO 3 -doped YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ film was higher than those of any other samples measured in this study. The α values in the relation of J c – B −α are 0.2–0.3 for the BaZrO 3 - and BaSnO 3 -doped films. This fact shows the introduction of nano-rods is effective for the less magnetic field dependence of J c . As one of the important results, it was found that the introduction of nano-rods caused the peak or kink in the magnetic field dependence of the pinning parameter m which was derived from the scaling of current–voltage characteristics. This phenomenon is the sign of the flux pinning due to the one-dimensional pinning centers. The peak fields of the BaSnO 3 -doped films were slightly lower than those of the BaZrO 3 -doped films, though the dope levels of the BaSnO 3 -doped films were higher. This suggests that the diameter of BaSnO 3 nano-rods is larger than that of BaZrO 3 ones.

Published
2009
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29. Microstructures of REBa2Cu3Oy films containing artificial pinning centers of various dimensions

Author

Kazumasa Yamada, S. Funaki, Kaname Matsumoto, Yutaka Yoshida, Ataru Ichinose, Masashi Mukaida, Shigeru Horii, Ryusuke Kita, Yusuke Ichino, Paolo Mele, H. Kai, and Makoto Takamura

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Rare earth, Structural dimension, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Critical current, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

To improve critical current density, J c , under magnetic fields and at 77 K, some pinning centers have been introduced into REBa 2 Cu 3 O y films (RE: rare earth elements). Pinning centers have been distinguished as one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional artificial pinning centers (APCs) on the basis of their structural dimension. One-dimensional and three-dimensional APCs have considerably improved J c as a result of our efforts. For example, BaZrO 3 or BaSnO 3 nanorods are significantly effective one-dimensional APCs. It is found that the nanorod structure can be controlled and the J c – B properties vary depending on the nanorod structure. Moreover, the principle of two-dimensional APCs, which have been successfully designed in a multilayer structure, has been clarified. In this paper, the microstructures of the one- and two-dimensional APCs, such as the nanorods and the boundaries, are described in particular. The J c – B properties also are discussed.

Published
2009
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30. Correlated pinning behavior in ErBa2Cu3Oy films with BaZrO3 nano-rods

Author

K. Watanabe, H. Kai, Masashi Mukaida, Satoshi Awaji, Eiji Aoyagi, Ryusuke Kita, M. Namba, and Shun Ito

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Field (physics), Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Vortex, Magnetic field, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Angular dependence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nano rods
Abstract

In REBa 2 Cu 3 O y (RE123) films with BaZrO 3 (BZO), the columnar shaped BZO precipitates, called nano-rods, are formed as the c -axis-correlated pinning centers. In order to understand the vortex pinning properties of RE123 films with BZO nano-rods, we measured the resistivity ρ and critical current density J c of three different films, i.e. the Er123 films with 0, 1.5 and 3.5 wt% BZO prepared by pulsed laser deposition. We found that the peak related to the c -axis-correlated pinning in the angular dependence of J c became large in a low field region but small in a high magnetic field with increasing BZO concentration. In addition, the irreversibility field at B || c -axis increased also with increasing BZO concentration, although the dip in the angular dependence of ρ and the peak of the J c at B || c -axis decreased in the high magnetic field near the irreversible field. It is suggested that the BZO addition is effective to the enhancement of J c in a low field region as well as the improvement of the irreversibility field. However, we have to consider the c -axis-correlated pinning by the edge dislocations as well as the nano-rods in order to understand it in a high field region.

Published
2009
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31. A research for improvement of crystallinity and critical temperature by oxygen pressure in ErBa2Cu3O7−δ films

Author

Kazumasa Yamada, Masashi Mukaida, Shigeru Horii, H. Kai, Nobuyuki Mori, Yutaka Yoshida, K. Yuki, Ryo Teranishi, Kaname Matsumoto, and Ataru Ichinose

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, Doping, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Crystallinity, Chemical engineering, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pinning force, Deposition (law)
Abstract

We grew pure ErBa 2 Cu 3 O 7− δ (ErBCO) films and ErBCO films with BaSnO 3 (BSO) doping as artificial pinning centers (APCs) by pulse laser deposition on SrTiO 3 substrates, and the effects of oxygen pressure on crystallinity, critical temperature ( T C ) and microstructure of ErBCO films were investigated. In a previous study, we grew ErBCO films with BaNb 2 O 6 (BNO) by controlling the growth temperature under a constant oxygen pressure of 400mTorr and confirmed the effect of BNO as APCs. We observed the tendency which diameter of nanorods became small and pinning force was strong at lower growth temperature. However, crystallinity and T C of ErBCO films degraded at low growth temperature. So, it is very important to improve crystallinity and T C by a novel method. In this study, we focused on oxygen pressure, and aimed at improvement of crystallinity and T C by controlling oxygen pressure.

Published
2009
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32. Difference Between ${\rm BaSnO}_{3}$ and ${\rm BaZrO}_{3}$ Nano-Rods for C-Axis-Correlated Pinning Properties in ${\rm REBa}_{2}{\rm Cu}_{3}{\rm O}_{\rm y}$

Author

Satoshi Ito, Eiji Aoyagi, S. Yasunaga, Masashi Mukaida, H. Kai, Satoshi Awaji, M. Namba, Ryusuke Kita, and K. Watanabe

Subjects
Materials science, High-temperature superconductivity, Flux pinning, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Pulsed laser deposition, Magnetic field, law, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

In order to understand the vortex pinning properties by the BaZrO3 (BZO) and BaSnO3 (BSO) nano-rods in Er123 films, the microstructure and the angular dependence of J c and resistivity were measured in detail for the BZO and the BSO added Er123 films with the similar matching field prepared by pulsed laser deposition. We found that the peak at B //c in the angular dependence of J c for the Er123 film with BSO nano-rods was higher in a wide magnetic field region up to the irreversible field than that for the Er123 film with BZO nano-rods, although the minimum values of the angular dependence of J c are similar each other. Hence, the BSO nano-rods work more effectively as the c -axis-correlated pinning center than the BZO nano-rods because of the different elementary pinning energy of nano-rods.

Published
2009
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33. Influence of Growth Temperature on Microstructure and Superconducting Properties of ${\rm ErBa}_{2}{\rm Cu}_{3}{\rm O}_{7-\delta}$ Films With ${\rm Ba}({\rm Er}_{0.5}{\rm Nb}_{0.5}){\rm O}_{3}$ Nanorods

Author

Nobuyuki Mori, Ataru Ichinose, H. Kai, Masashi Mukaida, Ryo Teranishi, K. Yamada, Shigeru Horii, and Ryusuke Kita

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Niobium, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, Substrate (electronics), Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, chemistry, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Deposition (law)
Abstract

Influence of growth temperatures are discussed for microstructures and superconducting properties of ErBa2Cu3O7-delta films with Ba(Er0.5Nb0.5)O3 nanorods grown by pulse laser deposition on SrTiO3 substrates. The nanorods were observed in transmission electron microscopy images of the films. Nanorods were thinner and denser at a lower growth temperature. The J C performance in magnetic fields relates closely the morphology of introduced nanorods with growth temperature.

Published
2009
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34. Correlated Pinning Properties of Heavy Ion-irradiated Er123 Films

Author

Satoshi Awaji, Masufumi Namba, Satoru Okayasu, H. Kai, Kazuo Watanabe, and Masashi Mukaida

Subjects
Crystallography, Materials science, Zener pinning, Condensed matter physics, Heavy ion, General Medicine, Irradiation, Pinning force
Abstract

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Published
2009
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35. Effects of Growth Conditions on One-dimensional Nanorod Growth in REBa2Cu3O7-δ Films

Author

Masashi Mukaida, Nobuyuki Mori, Kaname Matsumoto, Ataru Ichinose, Yutaka Yoshida, Ryo Teranishi, Shigeru Horii, Ryusuke Kita, and H. Kai

Subjects
Superconductivity, Number density, Materials science, Chemical engineering, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Nanotechnology, Substrate (electronics), Uniform size, Microstructure
Abstract

The effects of growth conditions on one-dimensional nanorods in ErBa2Cu3O7-δ films are discussed in terms of their microstructures and superconducting properties. The Ba(Er0.5Nb0.5)O3 nanorods were observed clearly in transmission electron microscopy images of the films. Nanorod morphologies were controlled by managing the growth temperature (TS) and BNO-doping concentration. The nanorods were thinner and denser at a lower TS under a constant BNO-doping concentration. In case of TS=710℃, the diameter and number density of nanorods with 1.5 wt% BNO-doping were 4–6 nm and 2.6×1011/cm2, respectively. As the BNO-doping concentration increased, nanorods were almost aligned in the c-axis direction and grew in uniform size from the substrate to the film surface. The diameter and number density of the nanorods with 5 wt% BNO-doping were ~10 nm and 2.2×1011/cm2, respectively. These nanorods could effectively act as c-axis correlated pinning centers. Consequently, the pinning effects were controlled by their diameter, number density and growth direction of the nanorods by varying the growth conditions.

Published
2009
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36. Superconducting properties of ErBCO films with BaMO3 nanorods (M=Zr and Sn) by pulsed laser deposition

Author

Ryo Teranishi, Kaname Matsumoto, H. Kai, Ryusuke Kita, Kazumasa Yamada, Masashi Mukaida, Ataru Ichinose, Nobuyuki Mori, Takanori Fujiyoshi, Shigeru Horii, Yutaka Yoshida, Satoshi Awaji, and S. Yasunaga

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Doping, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Crystal, Crystallinity, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Texture (crystalline), Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

Ba complex oxides such as BaM0 3 (BMO, M = Zr and Sn) were incorporated into ErBa2Cu 3 0 7-8 (ErBCO) films on SrTiO 3 (STO) substrates for realizing higher critical current densities (J c ) in magnetic fields. Nano-rods of BMO were formed in the ErBCO films with the rod diameter of about 10-20 nm. Crystal grain alignment of both ErBCO films with BZO and BSO were found to be worse with increasing the doping concentration of BMO into the films, resulting in critical temperature (Tc) degradation for the ErBCO films. Jc of the ErBCO films were enhanced by the corporation of these BMO nanorods in the magnetic fields (B) applied particularly parallel to the c-axis (B//c). Additionally, it was observed that the Jc values of the ErB-CO films with BSO were higher than those of ErBCO films with BZO in the all measured magnetic fields (B//c), which indicated that the BSO nanorods acted as more effective pinning centers in ErBCO films. Extremely high jc of 0.41 MA/cm 2 was performed for the ErBCO film with BSO of 4.9 mol% in the magnetic field (B//c) of 3 T. We concluded that not only the decision of pinning materials, but also optimization of the three factors of crystallinity of the superconducting film, Tc of the superconducting film, and doping concentration of the pinning materials into the superconducting film were important to realize higher Jc in a magnetic field.

Published
2008
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37. Effects of growth temperature for superconducting properties and microstructures of PLD-ErBa2Cu3O7−δ film with BaNb2O6

Author

Takanori Fujiyoshi, Masashi Mukaida, Ryo Teranishi, Satoshi Awaji, H. Kai, Ryusuke Kita, Kaname Matsumoto, Shigeru Horii, Ataru Ichinose, Kazumasa Yamada, Kazuo Watanabe, Yutaka Yoshida, Nobuyuki Mori, and M. Namba

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Flux pinning, Doping, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Deposition (law)
Abstract

We report effects of growth temperature on superconducting properties and microstructure of ErBa2Cu 3 Ο 7-δ (ErBCO) films with BaNb 2 O 6 (BNO)-doping grown by pulse laser deposition (PLD) on SrTiO 3 (STO) substrates. The BNO was introduced into the ErBCO films as artificial pinning centers. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the high orientation of both c-axis and in-plane for the obtained BNO-doped ErBCO (BNO + ErBCO) films. Ba(Er 0.5 sNb 0.5 )Ο 3 (BENO) nanorods were observed clearly in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the BNO + ErBCO films. The BENO nanorod was thinner with decreasing the growth temperature. The BNO + ErBCO films showed higher critical current density Uc) than that of a pure ErBCO film in a magnetic field (H) in Hllc-axis, indicating that BENO nanorods played as c-axis correlated pinning centers. Furthermore, we found a tendency that J c of the BNO + ErBCO films were enhanced with decreasing the growth temperature. Consequently, the pinning effect of the introduced BENO was controlled by the optimization of growth condition such as growth temperature.

Published
2008
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38. Characterization of nanorods in BaNb2O6-doped Er123 films revealed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy

Author

Kazumasa Yamada, Kaname Matsumoto, Shigeru Horii, Ryusuke Kita, Masashi Mukaida, Ataru Ichinose, Yutaka Yoshida, S. Kato, Shoichi Toh, Ryo Teranishi, and H. Kai

Subjects
X-ray spectroscopy, Materials science, business.industry, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Optics, Electron diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Selected area diffraction, business, Perovskite (structure)
Abstract

Microstructures of BaNb 2 O 6 -doped as artificial pinning centers in Er123 films were studied by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. BaNb 2 O 6 -doped Er123 films were grown by a pulsed laser deposition technique. In the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy observation, the presence of nanorods with 5 nm–25 nm diameter, which contain niobium, was confirmed from bright-field images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental map images, respectively. The crystal structure of the nanorod was determined to be cubic perovskite from selected area electron diffraction patterns by comparing with that of the SrTiO 3 substrate. The axial length of nanorods in the Er123 film was calculated, using selected area electron diffraction patterns, as 0.841 nm, which is in good agreement with the axial length of Ba(Er 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 , 0.8427 nm, provided by X-ray diffraction data. Furthermore, parallel Moire fringes were observed in the bright-field images, and the relationships between the lattice planes and Moire fringes were investigated. The spacings of the Moire fringes were 3.6 nm, and 2.3 nm, which correspond to the 006 and 200 reflections for Er123 and the 004 and 400 reflections of the nanorods, respectively. It is confirmed for the first time that BaNb 2 O 6 -doped into the Er123 film transforms to Ba(Er 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 nanorods with a cubic perovskite structure.

Published
2008
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39. Stability of barium oxides in REBa2Cu3Oy superconductors

Author

Osuke Miura, Masashi Mukaida, M. S. Horii, H. Kai, Ryusuke Kita, T. Nakamura, S. Kato, Yutaka Yoshida, Ryo Teranishi, Kaname Matsumoto, S. Yasunaga, and Ataru Ichinose

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Barium oxide, Phase stability, Scanning electron microscope, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Sintering, chemistry.chemical_element, Barium, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Matrix (chemical analysis), chemistry.chemical_compound, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film
Abstract

We have investigated the stability of BaSnO 3 , BaZrO 3 , BaTiO 3 and BaNb 2 O 6 in the ErBa 2 Cu 3 O y (Er123) matrix by mixing and sintering powders of Er123 and barium oxides. The degradation of T c due to the addition of barium oxide was the lowest in the case of BaSnO 3 (BSO). BSO-added samples exhibited a T c above 90 K even for 15 vol% addition and an improved J c under a magnetic field. XRD and SEM results indicated that BSO was very stable in the Er123 matrix. The dependence of T c on BSO addition showed similar trends for the sintered samples and Er123 thin films. It was found that the most stable barium oxide in Er123 superconductors was BaSnO 3 .

Published
2008
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41. Superconducting properties and microstructure of PLD-ErBa2Cu3O7−δ film with BaNb2O6

Author

Ryo Teranishi, Shigeru Horii, Kazumasa Yamada, S. Kato, Ryusuke Kita, Kaname Matsumoto, Nobuyuki Mori, Ataru Ichinose, H. Kai, Yutaka Yoshida, and Masashi Mukaida

Subjects
Superconductivity, Diffraction, Materials science, Doping, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Substrate (electronics), Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Transmission electron microscopy, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Deposition (law)
Abstract

We report superconducting properties and microstructures of a ErBa 2 Cu 3 O 7− δ (ErBCO) film with 1.5 wt% BaNb 2 O 6 (BNO) grown by pulse laser deposition (PLD) on a SrTiO 3 (STO) substrate. The BNO was introduced into the ErBCO film as an artificial pinning center. Nano-rods originated in the BNO-doping and some particulate defects were clearly observed in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the ErBCO film. The ErBCO film with BNO-doping (BNO + ErBCO) had almost the same critical temperature ( T C ) as that of a pure ErBCO film. On the other hand, the BNO + ErBCO film showed less critical current density ( J C ) than that of the pure ErBCO film. The angular peaks for H ∥ c -axis on J C – B – θ curves were not confirmed under all the measured external magnetic fields. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the high orientation to the both c -axis and in-plane for the obtained film. However, the low surface flatness was confirmed by the TEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation.

Published
2007
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42. Introduction of c-axis-correlated 1D pinning centers and vortex Bose glass in Ba–Nb–O-doped ErBa2Cu3Oy films

Author

H. Kai, Masashi Mukaida, K. Kishio, Yutaka Yoshida, Kazumasa Yamada, Jun-ichi Shimoyama, Ryo Teranishi, Ryusuke Kita, Ataru Ichinose, Kaname Matsumoto, and S. Horii

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Field (physics), Doping, Metals and Alloys, Condensed Matter Physics, Vortex state, Magnetic field, Vortex, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Nanorod, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, Pinning force
Abstract

We report the effectiveness of barium niobate as a needle-type vortex pinning center, as well as a change in the vortex state in Ba–Nb–O (BNO)-doped ErBa2Cu3Oy thin films. BNO doping was effective for improving critical current properties for a magnetic field direction parallel to the c axis of a matrix film and induced the generation of columnar defects with diameters of 5–25 nm. The irreversibility lines were also changed by the BNO doping and were similar to those of heavy-ion-irradiated YBa2Cu3Oy crystals in which the vortex Bose glass state was induced. It is suggested that the characteristic field relevant to crossover from the Bose glass to collective pinned glass depends on the BNO doping level. There is a possibility that Ba-based perovskite-type oxides promote the formation of nanorods universally and these nanorods play the role of one-dimensional c-axis-correlated pinning centers.

Published
2007
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43. Time-specific effects of mono-n-butyl phthalate on the transabdominal descent of the testis in rat fetuses

Author

H. Nawata, T. Shono, S. Suita, and H. Kai

Subjects
Gubernaculum, Fetus, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Urology, Suspensory ligament, Phthalate, Testicle, Epididymis, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Gestation, business, Testosterone
Abstract

Objective To determine the time-specific effects of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) on the transabdominal migration of the testis in fetal rats. Materials and methods Three groups of pregnant rats were administered MBP by stomach-tube feeding when the fetus was at 7–10 days of gestation in group 1, 11–14 days in group 2, and 15–18 days in group 3; controls (group 4) were given vehicle only from 7–18 days. At 20 days of gestation the fetuses were obtained by Caesarean section, and the position of the testes, the development of the gubernaculum, cranial suspensory ligament and the epididymis were examined. Results The timed intervals of MBP administration showed that the maximum inhibition of transabdominal testicular descent was at 15–18 days of gestation. There was an elongated gubernaculum and hypertrophic cranial suspensory ligament in the MBP-treated rat fetuses. Furthermore, the epididymis showed a few small ducti deferentia, although there were no remarkable changes in either the Sertoli and Leydig cells in these testes. The mean (sem) content of testicular testosterone was significantly less (P

Published
2007
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44. Ursolic acid and 12-O-methylcarnosic acid from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L. suppressed melanin production with downregulation of tyrosinase expression in HMV-II melanoma cells

Author

A Nagatomo, H Kai, S Koura, K Matsuno, A Maeda, and N Tahara

Subjects
Pharmacology, Melanoma, Tyrosinase, Organic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Science, Biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Rosmarinus, Analytical Chemistry, Melanin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Complementary and alternative medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, Biochemistry, Ursolic acid, chemistry, Drug Discovery, Officinalis, medicine, Molecular Medicine
Published
2015
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45. Meta-analysis of 375,000 individuals identifies 38 susceptibility loci for migraine

Author

Gormley, A.M., Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), Mcmahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela), Todt, U. (Unda), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Göbel, H. (Hartmut), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H.H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie E.), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Hrafnsdottir, M.G. (Maria Gudlaug), Ring, S.M. (Susan), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Lucae, S. (Susanne), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew C.), Madden, P.A. (Pamela), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M.I. (Mitja I.), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jian), Stergiakouli, E. (Evangelia), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Christensen, A.F. (Anne Francke), Hansen, T.F. (Thomas Folkmann), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Ikram, M.K. (Kamran), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Strachan, D.P. (David), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Gormley, A.M., Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), Mcmahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela), Todt, U. (Unda), Müller-Myhsok, B. (Bertram), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Göbel, H. (Hartmut), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H.H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie E.), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Hrafnsdottir, M.G. (Maria Gudlaug), Ring, S.M. (Susan), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Lucae, S. (Susanne), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew C.), Madden, P.A. (Pamela), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M.I. (Mitja I.), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jian), Stergiakouli, E. (Evangelia), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Christensen, A.F. (Anne Francke), Hansen, T.F. (Thomas Folkmann), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Ikram, M.K. (Kamran), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Strachan, D.P. (David), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), and Palotie, A. (Aarno)

Abstract

Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting around one in seven people worldwide, but its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. There is some debate about whether migraine is a disease of vascular dysfunction or a result of neuronal dysfunction with secondary vascular changes. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have thus far identified 13 independent loci associated with migraine. To identify new susceptibility loci, we carried out a genetic study of migraine on 59,674 affected subjects and 316,078 controls from 22 GWA studies. We identified 44 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with migraine risk (P < 5 × 10-8) that mapped to 38 distinct genomic loci, including 28 loci not previously reported and a locus that to our knowledge is the first to be identified on chromosome X. In subsequent computational analyses, the identified loci showed enrichment for genes expressed in vascular and smooth muscle tissues, consistent with a predominant theory of migraine that highlights vascular etiologies.

Published
2016
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46. Gene Expression Profiling of Cells, Tissues, and Developmental Stages of the Nematode C. elegans

Author

G. P. Vatcher, David L. Baillie, Dion Tik Shun Li, Marco A. Marra, James D. McGhee, H. Tian, Sheldon J. McKay, Barbara Goszczynski, D. Tu, Zhongying Zhao, P. Huang, Erik L. L. Sonnhammer, Donald L. Riddle, John R. Tyson, N. Dube, Robert C. Johnsen, R. Newbury, Susanna Y. Chan, Kineta Hung, Kim Wong, H. Kai, Adam Warner, Anatoli Timofeyevich Pouzyrev, Jaswinder Khattra, E. Ha, R. Hollebakken, Jennifer Asano, Steven J.M. Jones, E. Halfnight, A. Mah, Victor L. Jensen, L. Fang, and Donald G. Moerman

Subjects
Genetics, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Chromosome Mapping, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Animals, Genetically Modified, Gene expression profiling, Luminescent Proteins, Nematode, Organ Specificity, Animals, Caenorhabditis elegans, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Molecular Biology, Genes, Helminth, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Published
2003
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47. Growth temperature dependence of flux pinning properties in ErBa2Cu3Oy thin films with nano-rods

Author

Masashi Mukaida, H. Kai, S. Horii, Toshihiko Maeda, Masakazu Haruta, Takanori Fujiyoshi, Paolo Mele, Kaname Matsumoto, and Tetsuro Sueyoshi

Subjects
Flux pinning, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Doping, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Vortex state, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pulsed laser deposition, Percolation, Cuprate, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, Pinning force
Abstract

Irreversibility lines and distributions of local critical current density ( J cl ) based on the percolation transition model were affected by the growth temperature ( T s ) in 3.5 wt.%-BaNb 2 O 6 -doped ErBa 2 Cu 3 O y thin films. The vortex-Bose-glass-like state appeared by the introduction of nano-rods, and this vortex state was affected by T s . The shape and width of the J cl distribution strongly depended on T s . These results are probably caused by variations of the density and the growth direction for nano-rods reflecting T s . The growth temperature is an important factor to achieve higher critical current properties under magnetic fields for coated conductors of rare-earth-based cuprates with nano-rods.

Published
2011
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48. Structural modeling of Pd–Si and Fe–Zr–B amorphous alloys based on the microphase separation model

Author

H Kai, Tadakatsu Ohkubo, and Yoshihiko Hirotsu

Subjects
Amorphous metal, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Analytical chemistry, Reverse Monte Carlo, Trigonal crystal system, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Amorphous solid, Crystallography, Matrix (mathematics), Electron diffraction, Mechanics of Materials, Volume fraction, engineering, General Materials Science
Abstract

“Microphase separation” structure models were constructed for amorphous Pd 82 Si 18 and Fe 90 Zr 7 B 3 alloys using the reverse Monte Carlo χ 2 calculation. The input experimental data were atomic pair distributions obtained from these alloys by electron diffraction. The calculations were based on two initial structure models: (1) with local α-phase atomic clusters embedded in a dense-random-packing (DRP)-matrix and (2) with an entirely DRP structure. It was concluded that fcc-clusters as small as 1–2 nm in size with a volume fraction less than 20% and bcc-clusters less than 1 nm with a larger volume fraction (about 40%) are distributed in the DRP-like matrices in the Pd–Si and Fe–Zr–B alloys, respectively. The matrix structure in the Pd–Si alloy is mainly composed of the trigonal prisms surrounding Si atoms.

Published
2001
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49. Mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation of α-Fe nanocrystals from Fe89Zr7B3Cu1 amorphous alloy

Author

Kazuhiro Hono, Dehai Ping, Tadakatsu Ohkubo, H Kai, and Yoshihiko Hirotsu

Subjects
Materials science, Amorphous metal, Precipitation (chemistry), Mechanical Engineering, Zirconium alloy, Metallurgy, Metals and Alloys, Nucleation, Atom probe, Condensed Matter Physics, Amorphous solid, law.invention, Electron diffraction, Chemical engineering, Nanocrystal, Mechanics of Materials, law, General Materials Science
Published
2001
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50. Malalignment of the sarcomeric filaments in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with cardiac myosin heavy chain gene mutation

Author

Tsutomu Imaizumi, H Nishi, H Kai, K Adachi, and Akihiko Muraishi

Subjects
Adult, Male, Sarcomeres, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, DNA Mutational Analysis, macromolecular substances, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sarcomere, Myosin, medicine, Humans, Actin, Mutation, Myosin filament, Myosin Heavy Chains, business.industry, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Microscopy, Electron, Case-Control Studies, Papers, Ultrastructure, Female, MYH6, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVE—To investigate changes in the alignment of the sarcomeric filaments in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the effects of cardiac β myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) mutation on the sarcomeric ultrastructure. DESIGN—A retrospective analysis. PATIENTS—Endomyocardial biopsy samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy in seven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and β-MHC mutation, six with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but without the mutation, and five controls (with chest pain syndromes). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE—Alignment of the sarcomeric filaments and the distance between neighbouring thick myosin filaments. RESULTS—In controls, cross sections of the sarcomere at the A band showed a highly organised orthohexagonal array with 6 thin actin filaments surrounding one thick myosin filament, whereas in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy the alignment of the sarcomeric filaments was sparse and disrupted. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with a mutation, the distance between neighbouring thick myosin filaments was greater than in controls (mean (SD) 45.3 (4.7) v 38.5 (3.5) nm, p

Published
1999
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