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Objective In this prospective study using the Munich II nomenclature for cervical cytology. Pap smear results obtained by the ThinPrep monolayer technique and those obtained by the conventional method were compared. Methods Pap smears were obtained from 1,000 women using an Ayre spatula/endocervical brush combination. Following transfer of the cell sample onto a slide, the same collection devices were rinsed in a liquid medium and processed using ThinPrep-2000 processor (split-sample technique). Results Specimen inadequacies due to drying artefacts, cell overlap or low number of epithelial cells were rare with both methods without any significant differences. However, ThinPrep slides were significantly less often compromised by red or white blood cells or by cytolysis. In contrast, endocervical cells were missing in 11.6% of slides compared to only 2.3% in conventional Pap smears. ThinPrep yielded results of unknown significance (Pap III) significantly less often (4.2 vs 6.3%). Conclusions ThinPrep slides are less frequently compromised by blood components or cytolysis. Inconclusive results of Pap III are slightly less frequent when using ThinPrep. However, there is a significant percentage of slides lacking the endocervical component. Using a combination of spatula and cytobrush, this may not necessarily be due to non-representative cell sampling.

The granular cell tumor (GCT) represents a rare but important lesion in the differential diagnosis of breast tumors. Since this generally benign tumor may be misdiagnosed as malignant in clinical investigation, mammography, sonography, and even in frozen sections, a preoperative diagnosis is of utmost importance. Two cases illustrate that fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) may be the method of choice in achieving a correct preoperative diagnosis. The histogenesis of GCT is examined by means of immunohistochemical stainings. The results confirm that this tumor arises from the peripheral nerve tissue. Most likely the Schwann cells and not the nerve cells constitute the origin of GCT.

In this prospective study using the Munich II nomenclature for cervical cytology. Pap smear results obtained by the ThinPrep monolayer technique and those obtained by the conventional method were compared.Pap smears were obtained from 1,000 women using an Ayre spatula/endocervical brush combination. Following transfer of the cell sample onto a slide, the same collection devices were rinsed in a liquid medium and processed using ThinPrep-2000 processor (split-sample technique).Specimen inadequacies due to drying artefacts, cell overlap or low number of epithelial cells were rare with both methods without any significant differences. However, ThinPrep slides were significantly less often compromised by red or white blood cells or by cytolysis. In contrast, endocervical cells were missing in 11.6% of slides compared to only 2.3% in conventional Pap smears. ThinPrep yielded results of unknown significance (Pap III) significantly less often (4.2 vs 6.3%).ThinPrep slides are less frequently compromised by blood components or cytolysis. Inconclusive results of Pap III are slightly less frequent when using ThinPrep. However, there is a significant percentage of slides lacking the endocervical component. Using a combination of spatula and cytobrush, this may not necessarily be due to non-representative cell sampling.

The granular cell tumor (GCT) represents a rare but important lesion in the differential diagnosis of breast tumors. Since this generally benign tumor may be misdiagnosed as malignant in clinical investigation, mammography, sonography, and even in frozen sections, a preoperative diagnosis is of utmost importance. Two cases illustrate that fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) may be the method of choice in achieving a correct preoperative diagnosis. The histogenesis of GCT is examined by means of immunohistochemical stainings. The results confirm that this tumor arises from the peripheral nerve tissue. Most likely the Schwann cells and not the nerve cells constitute the origin of GCT.

We report a patient who, at the time of her third pregnancy at the age of 35, had had Raynaud's disease for 18 years. Her first pregnancy (during which she took Marcumar, an anticoagulant) ended in a miscarriage at three months gestation. The second pregnancy ended in fetal death due to placental insufficiency. The third pregnancy was also complicated by placental insufficiency which became evident during the second trimester. The patient was observed carefully and allowed to continue to 37 weeks gestation when a Caesarean section was done for late fetal heart rate decelerations during early labour of spontaneous onset. The baby had a low birth weight but developed normally. The placenta showed certain abnormalities which are described.

Die Reaktion des Endokriniums mit seinen vielfaltigen hormonellen Regelkreisen ist im Rahmen der Erforschung von schockbedingten Einflussen relativ selten untersucht worden. Die Adenophypophyse stellt, hypothalamusabhangig, mittelbar durch nervose Steuerung und Releasing-Hormone sowie durch hormonale feed-back-Regulation gesteuert, ein zentrales Organ des Endokriniums dar. Ihre Erfolgsorgane sind so wichtige kreislaufregulative Organparenchyme wie Schilddruse und Nebennierenrinde. Es war Ziel dieser Arbeit, die rein morphologischen licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch sichtbaren Veranderungen der Adenohypophyse im reversiblen hamorrhagischen Schock der Ratte zu zeigen.

Erstmalig konnten, als morphologisches Korrelat der nach einem Schockereignis beobachteten STH-, Glucose- und Insulinschwankungen, ultrastrukturelle Veranderungen der Adenohypophyse gezeigt wurden. SIV-50-Ratten wurden in einen standardisierten hamorrhagischen Schock versetzt (Flenker, 1974). Nach 2, 8, 24 und 72 h erfolgte die Organentnahme zur elektronenoptischen Untersuchung. Es wurden einerseits die fur Schockverlaufe typischen morphologischen Veranderungen wie Sludge, Clotting, intravasale Gerinnung, Schwellung des endoplasmatischen Reticulums und der Mitochondrien sichtbar. Andererseits konnten in der fruhen Phase erhohte sekretorische Aktivitat, vorwiegend der STH-Zellen und spater Zellnekrosen nachgewiesen werden.