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Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most significant diseases affecting the pig industry worldwide and is caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), which has complex genetic variation due to frequent mutations, indels, and recombination. The emergence of PRRSV L1C.5 in 2020 in the United States has raised worldwide concerns about PRRSV with the RFLP 1-4-4 pattern and lineage 1C. However, studies on the pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological distribution, and effectiveness of vaccines against PRRSV with L1C and RFLP1-4-4 pattern in China are still insufficient. In this study, a novel recombinant variant of PRRSV with RFLP 1-4-4 and lineage 1C features, different from L1C.5 in the United States, was isolated in China in 2021. In pathogenicity experiments in specific pathogen-free piglets or farm piglets, 60–100% of artificially infected experimental piglets died with high fever and respiratory symptoms. Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were upregulated in infected piglets. A commercially modified live vaccine against highly pathogenic PRRSV did not provide effective protection when the vaccinated piglets were challenged with the novel L1C-1-4-4 variant. Therefore, this strain merits special attention when devising control and vaccine strategies. These findings suggest that extensive joint surveillance is urgently needed and that vaccine strategies should be updated to prevent the disease from spreading further.

Abstract Background Bilateral duplicated kidney and ureter is a rare condition in urology, and it is even rarer for patients to have multiple stones simultaneously. We delineate the diagnostic and therapeutic trajectory of a patient presenting with bilateral duplex kidneys and ureters, characterized by the presence of multiple stones. Notably, the left kidney is a complete duplication, whereas the right kidney exhibits an incomplete duplication. Case presentation A 47-year-old male patient was diagnosed with bilateral duplex kidney and ureter combined with multiple stones. Ureteral flexible lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy were performed successively in our hospital. On the postoperative five day, he was discharged from the hospital without apparent discomfort.The double J tube was pulled out one month later, and no stone recurrence was found after 3 months of follow-up. Conclusions Bilateral duplicated renal ureteral malformations combined with multiple stones are very rare. Stones can be removed by ureteroscopic lithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and sometimes multiple procedures are required, which should be chosen according to the patient’s relevant condition.

In order to reveal the response relationship between the neutrons and void height of steel-shell concrete composite structures，and establish a new quantitative detection method for the void height，based on the principle of fast neutron moderation and neutron scattering，an indoor equivalent concrete physical simulation method was used to construct a void model and conduct tests in this paper. Univariate regression analysis was carried out on the tests data，and it was found that there was a significant linear correlation between the thermal neutron count rate and the steel plate thickness，concrete moisture content and void height in the steel-shell concrete composite structure. The calibration relationship between the void height of steel-shell concrete and the thermal neutron count rate was further established，and the verification test was carried out. The results show that the error between the concrete void height value calculated by the calibration relationship and the actual void height value is small，the two have good consistency，the thermal neutrons generated by the action of fast neutrons penetrated through the steel plate and concrete can be used to quantitatively calculate the void height of the steel-shell concrete composite structure，the neutron method can solve the problem of inaccurate quantification in current detection.

Abstract In recent years, significant advancements have been made in molecular generation algorithms aimed at facilitating drug development, and molecular diversity holds paramount importance within the realm of molecular generation. Nonetheless, the effective quantification of molecular diversity remains an elusive challenge, as extant metrics exemplified by Richness and Internal Diversity fall short in concurrently encapsulating the two main aspects of such diversity: quantity and dissimilarity. To address this quandary, we propose Hamiltonian diversity, a novel molecular diversity metric predicated upon the shortest Hamiltonian circuit. This metric embodies both aspects of molecular diversity in principle, and we implement its calculation with high efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, through empirical experiments we demonstrate the high consistency of Hamiltonian diversity with real-world chemical diversity, and substantiate its effects in promoting diversity of molecular generation algorithms. Our implementation of Hamiltonian diversity in Python is available at: https://github.com/HXYfighter/HamDiv . Scientific contribution We propose a more rational molecular diversity metric for the community of cheminformatics and drug development. This metric can be applied to evaluation of existing molecular generation methods and enhancing drug design algorithms.

ABSTRACT Importance It remained unclear that the efficacy comparison between low‐dose immune tolerance induction (LD‐ITI) incorporating immunosuppressants (IS) when severe hemophilia A (SHA) patients had inhibitor‐titer ≥200 Bethesda Units (BU)/mL (LD‐ITI‐IS200 regimen) and LD‐ITI combining with IS when SHA patients had inhibitor‐titer ≥40 BU/mL (LD‐ITI‐IS40 regimen). Objective To compare the efficacy of the LD‐ITI‐IS200 regimen with that of the LD‐ITI‐IS40 regimen for SHA patients with high‐titer inhibitors. Methods A prospective cohort study on patients receiving LD‐ITI‐IS200 compared to those receiving LD‐ITI‐IS40 from January 2021 to December 2023. Both received LD‐ITI [FVIII 50 IU/kg every other day]. IS (rituximab + prednisone) was added when peak inhibitor tier ≥200 BU/mL in the LD‐ITI‐IS200 regimen and ≥40 BU/mL in the LD‐ITI‐IS40 regimen. Success is defined as a negative inhibitor plus FVIII recovery ≥66% of the expected. Results We enrolled 30 patients on LD‐ITI‐IS200 and 64 patients on LD‐ITI‐IS40, with similar baseline clinical characteristics. A lower IS‐use rate was discovered in the LD‐ITI‐IS200 regimen compared to the LD‐ITI‐IS40 regimen (30.0% vs. 62.5%). The two regimens (LD‐ITI‐IS200 vs. LD‐ITI‐IS40) had similar success rate (70.0% vs. 79.7%), median time to success (9.4 vs. 10.6 months), and annualized bleeding rate during ITI (3.7 vs. 2.8). The cost to success was lower for LD‐ITI‐IS200 than for LD‐ITI‐IS40 (2107 vs. 3256 US Dollar/kg). Among patients with peak inhibitor‐titer 40–199 BU/mL, 10 non‐IS‐using (on LD‐ITI‐IS200 regimen) and 28 IS‐using (on LD‐ITI‐IS40 regimen) had similar success rates (70.0% vs. 78.6%) and time to success (9.0 vs. 8.8 months). Interpretation In LD‐ITI, IS are not necessary for inhibitor titer

Abstract Metal‐mediated chemical transformations are promising approaches to manipulate and regulate proteins in fundamental biological research and therapeutic development. Nevertheless, unlike bond‐forming reactions, the exploration of selective bond cleavage reactions catalyzed by metals that are fully compatible with proteins and living systems remains relatively limited. Here, it is reported that Copper(II)/tris(3‐hydroxypropyltriazolylmethyl)amine (THPTA), commonly used in copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, can be repurposed as a new bioorthogonal catalyst for thiazolidine (Thz) bond cleavage. This process liberates an α‐oxo‐aldehyde group under physiological conditions, without requiring additional additives. To showcase the utility of this method, this simple catalyst system is coupled with genetic code expansion technology to achieve on‐demand activation of genetically encoded Thz‐caged α‐oxo‐aldehydes, enabling further functionalization of proteins. For the first time, this cell‐compatible Thz uncaging reaction allows for the site‐specific installation of α‐oxo‐aldehydes at the internal positions of proteins in phage and bacterial surface display systems, expanding the chemical space of proteins. Overall, this study expands the toolkit of bioorthogonal catalysts and paves the way for metal‐promoted chemical reactions in living systems, potentially benefiting various applications in the future.

Irisin, a product of the post-translational processing of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), is a novel myokine which is upregulated during exercise. This hormone not only promotes the transformation of white adipose tissue into a brown-fat-like phenotype but also enhances energy expenditure and mitigates fat accumulation. Its role is crucial in the management of certain metabolic disorders such as diabetes and heart disease. Of note, the type of exercise performed significantly affects blood irisin levels, indicating the critical role of physical activity in regulating this hormone. This article aims to summarize the current scientific understanding of the role of irisin and the mechanisms through which it mediates cardiovascular protection through exercise. Moreover, this article aims to establish irisin as a potential target for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.

In the realm of renewable energy, the integration of wind power and hydrogen energy systems represents a promising avenue towards environmental sustainability. However, the development of cost-effective hydrogen energy storage solutions is crucial to fully realize the potential of hydrogen as a renewable energy source. By combining wind power generation with hydrogen storage, a comprehensive hydrogen energy system can be established. This study aims to devise a physiologically inspired optimization approach for designing a standalone wind power producer that incorporates a hydrogen energy system on a global scale. The optimization process considers both total cost and capacity loss to determine the optimal configuration for the system. The optimal setup for an off-grid solution involves the utilization of eight distinct types of compact horizontal-axis wind turbines. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted by varying component capital costs to assess their impact on overall cost and load loss. Simulation results indicate that at a 15 % loss, the cost of energy (COE) is $1.3772, while at 0 % loss, it stands at $1.6908. Capital expenses associated with wind turbines and hydrogen storage systems significantly contribute to the overall cost. Consequently, the wind turbine-hydrogen storage system emerges as the most cost-effective and reliable option due to its low cost of energy.

Introduction: Angiogenesis plays an important role in the repair of urethral injury, and stem cells and their secretomes can promote angiogenesis. We obtained pediatric urethral mesenchymal stem-like cells (PU-MSLCs) in an earlier study. This project studied the pro-angiogenic effect of PU-MSLC-derived small extracellular vesicles (PUMSLC-sEVs) and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods: PUMSLCs and PUMSLC-sEVs were cultivated and identified. Then, biological methods such as the ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch wound assay, Transwell assay, and tube formation assay were used to study the effect of PUMSLC-sEVs on the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We explored whether the proangiogenic effect of PUMSLC-sEVs is related to CD73 and whether adenosine (ADO, a CD73 metabolite) promoted angiogenesis. GraphPad Prism 8 software was used for data analysis. Results: We observed that PUMSLC-sEVs significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube-forming abilities of HUVECs. PUMSLC-sEVs delivered CD73 molecules to HUVECs to promote angiogenesis. The angiogenic ability of HUVECs was enhanced after treatment with extracellular ADO produced by CD73, and PUMSLC-sEVs further promoted angiogenesis by activating Adenosine Receptor A2A (A2AR). Conclusions: These observations suggest that PUMSLC-sEVs promote angiogenesis, possibly through activation of the CD73/ADO/A2AR signaling axis.

BackgroundHypoxia has been found to cause cellular dysfunction and cell death, which are essential mechanisms in the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the impact of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) on AMI remains uncertain.MethodsThe training dataset GSE66360, validation dataset GSE48060, and scRNA dataset GSE163956 were downloaded from the GEO database. We identified hub HRGs in AMI using machine learning methods. A prediction model for AMI occurrence was constructed and validated based on the identified hub HRGs. Correlations between hub HRGs and immune cells were explored using ssGSEA analysis. Unsupervised consensus clustering analysis was used to identify robust molecular clusters associated with hypoxia. Single-cell analysis was used to determine the distribution of hub HRGs in cell populations. RT-qPCR verified the expression levels of hub HRGs in the human cardiomyocyte model of AMI by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment in AC16 cells.ResultsFourteen candidate HRGs were identified by differential analysis, and the RF model and the nomogram based on 8 hub HRGs (IRS2, ZFP36, NFIL3, TNFAIP3, SLC2A3, IER3, MAFF, and PLAUR) were constructed, and the ROC curves verified its good prediction effect in training and validation datasets (AUC = 0.9339 and 0.8141, respectively). In addition, the interaction between hub HRGs and smooth muscle cells, immune cells was elucidated by scRNA analysis. Subsequently, the HRG pattern was constructed by consensus clustering, and the HRG gene pattern verified the accuracy of its grouping. Patients with AMI could be categorized into three HRG subclusters, and cluster A was significantly associated with immune infiltration. The RT-qPCR results showed that the hub HRGs in the OGD group were significantly overexpressed.ConclusionA predictive model of AMI based on HRGs was developed and strongly associated with immune cell infiltration. Characterizing patients for hypoxia could help identify populations with specific molecular profiles and provide precise treatment.

Recent regional investigations in the United States have revealed a thought-provoking perspective: household electricity consumption may act as an inferior commodity, displaying a negative correlation with wealth. This finding challenges the outcomes of various other econometric analyses and underscores the importance of scrutinizing power consumption patterns across different regional service areas. While it is commonly believed that home electricity usage decreases as income rises, this may not always hold true universally. This study focuses on power usage in Seattle, Washington households, a prominent urban economy in the Pacific Northwest. Employing dynamic error correction modeling techniques, the research demonstrates statistically significant fluctuations in domestic power usage attributed to variations in actual value, actual revenue, and cold weather. In the immediate future, energy for homes in this urban economy resembles any other commodity. However, investing in electricity for homes in Seattle may not be advisable in the long run. Home power usage in Seattle declines with each percentage point increase in actual per capita income over 1.2 %. This finding highlights the need for careful consideration and strategic planning in energy management policies for urban economies like Seattle.

Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been known to contribute to the worsening of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AMI and healthy individuals based on the GSE66360 dataset. We took the intersection of the obtained DEGs with 1,136 mitochondria-related genes. Finally, we screened out mitochondria-related DEGs (MitoDEGs). Eight MitoDEGs were identified as hub genes based on the random forest algorithm. Two mitochondria-related robust molecular clusters were identified by consensus clustering. Immune infiltration analysis showed that immune cell infiltration was significantly increased in the high-expression group of MitoDEGs. We obtained the potential drugs targeted at ALDH2, PMAIP1, and BCL2A1, such as disulfiram, obatoclax mesylate, and bortezomib. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction further validated the expression of the MitoDEGs in the cell model of AMI. These findings reveal the potential role of MitoDEGs in AMI and provide new insights into risk stratification and individualized treatment of AMI patients.

Abstract Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) plays important roles in regulating innate immunity. However, the precise role of TSC1 in macrophages in the regulation of oxidative stress response and hepatic inflammation in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) remains unknown. In a mouse model of liver I/R injury, deletion of myeloid-specific TSC1 inhibited AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and decreased NRF2 accumulation, whereas activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway, leading to increased hepatic inflammation. Adoptive transfer of AKT- or MST1-overexpressing macrophages, or Keap1 disruption in myeloid-specific TSC1-knockout mice promoted NRF2 activation but reduced TLR4 activity and mitigated I/R-induced liver inflammation. Mechanistically, TSC1 in macrophages promoted AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and protected NRF2 from Keap1-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, overexpression AKT or MST1 in TSC1-knockout macrophages upregulated NRF2 expression, downregulated TLR4/NF-κB, resulting in reduced inflammatory factors, ROS and inflammatory cytokine-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. Strikingly, TSC1 induction in NRF2-deficient macrophages failed to reverse the TLR4/NF-κB activity and production of pro-inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Macrophage TSC1 promoted the activation of the AKT/MST1 signaling pathway, increased NRF2 levels via reducing Keap1-mediated ubiquitination, and modulated oxidative stress-driven inflammatory responses in liver I/R injury. Our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage TSC1 as a novel regulator of innate immunity and imply the therapeutic potential for the treatment of sterile liver inflammation in transplant recipients. Schematic illustration of macrophage TSC1-mediated AKT/MST1/NRF2 signaling pathway in I/R-triggered liver inflammation. Macrophage TSC1 can be activated in I/R-stressed livers. TSC1 activation promotes phosphorylation of AKT and MST1, which in turn increases NRF2 expression and inhibits ROS production and TLR4/NF-κB activation, resulting in reduced hepatocellular apoptosis in I/R-triggered liver injury.

For lightweight and small volume requirements of unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs), a hydraulic cylinder-ram piston-grid tube launch device was presented in this paper. To evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the device, the dynamic model of the device for torpedo launching was established based on the theory of fluid dynamics and interior trajectory. The pressure characteristics of the front and rear ends of the ram piston and the interior trajectory characteristics of the device for torpedo launching were obtained with the hydraulic cylinder velocity as input. Through comparison, it is verified that the calculation results of the above model are in good agreement with the simulation results of fluid dynamics, which indicates the reliability of the established model. The results show that the maximum resistance generated during the movement of the ram piston is 0.43 MPa. In order to satisfy the velocity input of the hydraulic cylinder, the output pressure and power of the hydraulic cylinder are designed based on the above results. When the ram piston moves 0.42 s and then decelerates, the torpedo moves about 3.9 m. In order to reduce the pressure differential resistance of the torpedo in subsequent movement, the hole location of the grid tube can be optimized according to the above results to enhance the replenishing capacity and improve the performance of the launcher.

Abstract Background Diabetes has become a prominent global public health problem, which is an important cause of death, disease burden, and medical and health economic burden. Previous studies have reported that majority of persons diagnosed with diabetes later presented with psychological and mental health diseases. The study aimed to explore the mediation role of anxiety on social support and depression among diabetic patents in elderly caring social organizations (SOs). Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used in this cross-sectional study, and a questionnaire consisting of demographic questionnaire, MSPSS, GAD-7, and CES-D-10 was utilized to gather data. SPSS 22.0 and MPLUS 7.4 were used for statistical analysis. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to investigate correlations of key variables. A generalized linear model was used to exam factors associated with depression. Finally, the mediation effect among study variables was investigated by structural equation modeling (SEM). Results The average scores of social support, anxiety, and depression were 58.41 ± 14.67, 2.95 ± 3.95, and 7.24 ± 5.53, respectively. The factors of gender, social support, and anxiety were identified as significantly influential factors related to depression among diabetic patients in elderly caring SOs. The effect of social support on depression was significantly mediated by anxiety (β = -0.467, 95%CI: -0.813 to -0.251). Furthermore, anxiety partially mediated the relationship between family support and depression (β = -0.112, 95%CI: -0.229 to -0.012), and anxiety functioned as a complete mediator in the effect of significant others' support and depression (β = -0.135, 95%CI: -0.282 to -0.024). Conclusions The indirect effect of social support on depression through anxiety among diabetic patients in elderly caring SOs was elucidated. Social support played a key role in maintaining and regulating their mental health, particularly from family and significant others. Social support provided by both family and significant others exerted an important influence on maintaining and regulating their mental health. In light of this pathway, the elderly caring SOs should enhance the magnitude of social support from these two sources, thereby diminishing the likelihood of experiencing anxiety and depression.

Running has gained popularity as a fitness activity in China, with a growing number of young runners utilizing wearable devices to monitor their running routines and engage in quantified self-practices. The continuous evolution of wearable devices in terms of products and services has expanded the choices available to young runners. Therefore, there is a need to analyze the factors influencing the continuance intention of young runners, providing insights into how to promote the sustained growth of these products or services in the market. This study is grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, with an extension incorporating the quantified self to explore the impact of users' continuance intentions to use wearable devices. A survey was conducted among 468 young runners who already used wearable devices, and the data collected were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that perceived usefulness and attitudes from the Technology Acceptance Model positively influence intentions for continued use. Additionally, subjective norms according to the Theory of Planned Behavior positively influence continuance use intentions. However, perceived behavioral control does not have a significant effect on continuance use intentions. Conversely, the Quantified-Self positively influences continuance use intentions and partially mediates the relationship between perceived usefulness and continuance use intentions. This research has several theoretical implications for the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Technology Acceptance Model, and the Quantified-Self research construct. Moreover, this study has practical implications for practitioners concerning the adoption and acceptance of wearable devices by young people. This approach enables practitioners to target and implement precise strategies to meet the current demands of the young runner market. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-04-02 Full Text: PDF

In response to the problem of stripe noise significantly reducing the clarity and details of side-scan sonar images due to various factors, the authors of this paper propose an improved Criminisi method for stripe noise suppression. To address the issues encountered in the Criminisi algorithm during the suppression of stripe noise in side-scan sonar images, the following steps are suggested: firstly, introduce dynamic weights in the priority calculation to adaptively adjust the confidence and data term weights based on the current patch’s texture complexity; secondly, utilize the Sobel operator in the data term calculation to capture the image edge information more accurately; and, thirdly, optimize the matching block search process by introducing the Manhattan distance in addition to the Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) criterion to further select the best matching block while transitioning from a global search to a local search. Experimental validation was conducted using simulated stripe noise images, comparing the proposed method with four traditional denoising techniques. The results demonstrate that the denoising effectiveness of the proposed method is superior, effectively restoring texture in noisy regions while preserving texture structure integrity. Ablation experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed improvements. Denoising experiments on real noisy images show satisfactory results with this method, and combining it with Fourier transform for additional smoothing in certain cases may yield even better results.

A high-speed dispersion homogenization-assisted alkali fusion-hydrothermal method was successfully developed for the preparation of NaA zeolite molecular sieve with excellent adsorption performance for ammonia nitrogen using solid waste fly ash. The zeolite molecular sieve, prepared at a calcination temperature of 700 °C and a crystallization temperature of 80 °C, was identified as NaA zeolite molecular sieve through XRD and SEM tests, exhibiting a uniform and ordered cubic crystal structure. The result of BET analysis indicates that the NaA zeolite molecular sieve has a specific surface area of 288.219 m2/g and a plentiful pore structure. The effect of pH, adsorption time, and initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen on the adsorption capacity of NaA zeolite molecular sieve was also investigated. The fitting analysis of experimental adsorption data using adsorption kinetics and isotherm models indicates that the kinetic adsorption of ammonia nitrogen solution by zeolite molecular sieve follows the second-order kinetic model more closely. The Langmuir model shows a better correlation than the Freundlich model, suggesting that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen solution by the zeolite molecular sieve is mainly based on the surface-uniform monolayer physical adsorption process. Under the conditions of pH = 7 and an initial ammonia nitrogen concentration of 100 mg/L, the adsorption capacity of the zeolite molecular sieve for ammonia nitrogen within 60 min can reach 27.5 mg/g, showing excellent adsorption performance. This study establishes a vital research foundation for the utilization of fly ash and the treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, with great ecological and social benefits.

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology transforms organic biomass components, such as cellulose and lignin, into valuable carbon materials, gases and inorganic salts through hydrolysis, degradation and polymerization, with significant advantages over traditional methods by reducing energy consumption, lowering pollutant emissions and enhancing carbonization efficiency. In the context of global climate change, HTC plays a critical role in water environment management by addressing industrial, agricultural, and domestic wastewater challenges. The application of HTC extends to wastewater treatment, where hydrochar effectively adsorbs heavy metals, organic compounds, and anions, thereby improving water quality. However, challenges remain, such as optimizing the process for diverse raw materials, managing economic costs, and addressing environmental and social impacts. Future research and policy support are essential for advancing HTC technology. By enhancing reaction mechanisms, developing catalysts, and promoting international cooperation, HTC can significantly contribute towards achieving carbon neutrality goals and fostering sustainable development.

Abstract Background Neurodevelopmental disorder with absent language and variable seizures (NEDALVS, # 618707) are characterized by delayed speech and motor development, ocular abnormalities, and seizures. NEDAVLS is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by de novo mutations in the wasp protein family member 1 (WASF1) gene. Case presentation We identified a de novo nonsense variant c.1516 C > T (p.Arg506*) of WASF1 gene (NM_003931.3) in two pediatric female patients with delayed motor and language development. Conclusion This case demonstrates the effective role of WES in the diagnosis of NEDALVS. To the best of our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the Chinese population. This contributes to our further understanding of the disease and to research related to the genetic and clinical heterogeneity, the treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Abstract Background Aging has given birth to the demand for high-quality elderly care service and social organizations (ESOs) are gradually taking on a supportive role in the field of elderly care services.. In view of this, our study is designed to examine influencing factors of social capital within the elderly-caring social organizations. Method The study was conducted in four districts of Chongqing Province and a multi-stage random sampling method was used to sample 80 ESOs as subjects for the research. Through a meticulously crafted questionnaire, we gathered valuable data on internal social capital, basic information about the organization, and other variables. Univariate and Binary Logistic Regression analysis were performed on the data to explore the factors associated with social capital within the elderly-caring social organizations using IBM SPSS version 26.0. Result The results showed that 67(83.8%) OF ESOs surveyed were A-type institutions and 13(16.3%) B-type institutions. Among them, 49(61.3%) institutions covered an area of more than 50m2.The institutions of ≤ 2 years were 33(41.3%), 21(26.3%) were established for ≤ 3 ≤ 8 years, and residual 26(32.5%) were institutions ˃ 8 years old. ESOs that possessed 4–6 management employees were 52.422 times more likely to score high for social support (p

Abstract Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancers, but pan-cancer level roles of lipid metabolism in cancer development are remains poorly understood. We investigated the possible roles of lipid metabolic genes (LMGs) in 14 cancer types. The results indicate that: (1) there is strong evidence for increased lipid metabolism in THCA and KICH. (2) Although the overall levels of lipid metabolic processes are down-regulated in some cancer types, fatty acid synthase activity and fatty acid elongation are moderately up-regulated in more than half of the cancer types. Cholesterol synthesis is up-regulated in five cancers including KICH, BLCA, COAD, BRCA, UCEC, and THCA. (3) The catabolism of cholesterols, triglycerides and fatty acids is repressed in most cancers, but a specific form of lipid degradation, lipophagy, is activated in THCA and KICH. (4) Lipid storage is enhanced in in kidney cancers and thyroid cancer. (5) Similarly to primary tumors, metastatic tumors tend to up-regulate biosynthetic processes of diverse lipids, but down-regulate lipid catabolic processes, except lipophagy. (6) The frequently mutated lipid metabolic genes are not key LMGs. (7) We established a LMG-based model for predicting cancer prognosis. Our results are helpful in expanding our understanding of the role of lipid metabolism in cancer.

Abstract Background With the deepening of China’s aging population, higher demands have been placed on the supply of elderly care services. As one of the main sources of providing elderly care services, the quality of service provided by elderly caring social organizations (SOs) directly affects the quality of life of the elderly. In recent years, mental health issues among the elderly have become increasingly prominent, especially with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Necessitating the need to pay much more attention to the social support and mental health of this population. This study, therefore, explores the mediating role of institutional satisfaction between the social support and anxiety levels of elderly people in Chongqing’s elderly caring SOs. Method This study employed a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to survey 1004 service recipients in elderly caring social organizations from July to August 2022. The self-made sociodemographic questionnaire, institutional satisfaction questionnaire, MSPSS, and GAD-7 were used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, institutional satisfaction, social support, and anxiety levels of older adults. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cronbach’s alpha were used to test construct validity and scale reliability, respectively. Data features were described with One-Way Analysis of Variance, while Multiple Linear Regression and Structural Equation Modeling were used to evaluate relationships between social support, institutional satisfaction, and anxiety levels. Results The average institutional satisfaction score for elderly people in elderly caring SOs was 48.14 ± 6.75. Specifically, the satisfaction score for environmental quality and the satisfaction score for service quality were 16.63 ± 2.56 and 31.52 ± 4.76, respectively. In terms of socio-demographic variables, the presence of visits from relatives, personal annual average income, and self-rated health status all have significant effects on anxiety. Elders who receive visits from relatives have lower levels of anxiety compared to those who do not. Personal annual average income and self-rated health status are negatively correlated with anxiety levels. Social support had significant positive effect on institutional satisfaction, while institutional satisfaction had significant negative effect on anxiety. Institutional satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between social support and anxiety. Conclusions Our research demonstrates that improving the quality of organizational services in elderly caring SOs and increasing institutional satisfaction among the elders has significant potential for reducing anxiety levels among the elderly. Additionally, the social support by visits from family members cannot be overlooked. We encourage increasing the frequency of family visits through various means to enhance the support provided to elderly individuals.

Cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death in urban and rural areas. Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation at the adaptive and repair stage of cardiovascular diseases, easily predisposing to cardiac death. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNA molecules with no coding potential, can regulate gene expression in the occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis. Recent studies have suggested that Chinese herbal medicine can relieve myocardial fibrosis through targeting various ncRNAs, mainly including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Thus, ncRNAs are novel drug targets for Chinese herbal medicine. Herein, we summarized the current understanding of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis, and highlighted the contribution of ncRNAs to the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine on myocardial fibrosis. Further, we discussed the future directions regarding the potential applications of ncRNA-based drug screening platform to screen drugs for myocardial fibrosis.

Based on the biodegradable natural polymer compound TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils, and using EuCl3·6H2O, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane as functional reagents, a novel type of cellulose nanofibril composite films with hydrophobic and photoluminescent properties was fabricated by a simple solvothermal method. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, Vol.% C2H5OH, solvents dosage, and n (Eu3+: COOH) on the photoluminescence and hydrophobicity of the films were investigated, while the films were characterized by using UV meter, fluorescence spectrometer, contact angle meter, FT-IR, XPS, SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD and TG. The results demonstrate that the surface of the film is uniformly loaded with Eu3+ and emits bright red light under UV irradiation, which has excellent photoluminescence, hydrophobicity (water contact angle 137.6°) and higher thermal stability. And high-value applications of nanocellulose in the fields of bioimaging, anti-counterfeiting and sensing detection in the low-temperature and high-humidity environment will be expanded.

In the 21st century, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The prevention and treatment of CVD remain pressing scientific issues. Several recent studies have suggested that ferroptosis may play a key role in CVD. Most studies conducted thus far on ferroptosis and CVD have supported the link. Ferroptosis mediated by different signaling and metabolic pathways can lead to ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiomyopathy. Still, the specific mechanism of ferroptosis in CVD, the particular organ areas affected, and the stage of disease involved need to be further studied. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms regulating ferroptosis in CVD may improve disease management. Throughout this review, we summarized the mechanism of ferroptosis and its effect on the pathogenesis of CVD. We also predicted and discussed future research directions, aiming to provide new ideas and strategies for preventing and treating CVD.

ABSTRACTObjective: To explore the feasibility, safety and cost effectiveness of the use of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in children with hemophilia A and inhibitors who underwent ITI treatment.Method: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effect of PICC placement and ITI on bleeding rates, costs, and parents’ satisfaction before and within 6 months after PICC placement in children with hemophilia A and inhibitors.Results: A total of 20 children with hemophilia A and high-titer inhibitors were included, with a success rate for PICC placement of 100%, at a cost of ¥6730.50. Parents’ satisfaction with PICC was 100%, and the total length of catheter indwelling was 6055 days. In terms of curative effect, the success rate of ITI treatment was 75%, and the annualized bleeding rate was decreased from 10.90 ± 12.16 times before placement to 2.10 ± 3.32 times (p

Abstract Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) has been developed from Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) as a low-cost and versatile sensor fusion approach and attracted increasing attention in ground vehicle positioning. However, VIOs usually have the degraded performance in challenging environments and degenerated motion scenarios. In this paper, we propose a ground vehicle-based VIO algorithm based on the Multi-State Constraint Kalman Filter (MSCKF) framework. Based on a unified motion manifold assumption, we derive the measurement model of manifold constraints, including velocity, rotation, and translation constraints. Then we present a robust filter-based algorithm dedicated to ground vehicles, whose key is the real-time manifold noise estimation and adaptive measurement update. Besides, GNSS position measurements are loosely coupled into our approach, where the transformation between GNSS and VIO frame is optimized online. Finally, we theoretically analyze the system observability matrix and observability measures. Our algorithm is tested on both the simulation test and public datasets including Brno Urban dataset and Kaist Urban dataset. We compare the performance of our algorithm with classical VIO algorithms (MSCKF, VINS-Mono, R-VIO, ORB_SLAM3) and GVIO algorithms (GNSS-MSCKF, VINS-Fusion). The results demonstrate that our algorithm is more robust than other compared algorithms, showing a competitive position accuracy and computational efficiency.

Aiming to address the vibration noise problems on ships, we constructed a piezoelectric phononic crystal (PC) plate structure model, solved the governing equations of the structure using the partial differential equations module (PDE) in the finite element softwareCOMSOL6.1, and obtained the corresponding energy band structure, transmission curves, and vibration modal diagrams. The application of this method to probe the structural properties of two-dimensional piezoelectric PCs is described in detail. The calculation results obtained using this method were compared with the structures obtained using the traditional plane wave expansion method (PWE) and the finite element method (FE). The results were found to be in perfect agreement, which verified the feasibility of this method. To safely and effectively adjust the bandgap within a reasonable voltage range, this paper explored the order of magnitude of the plate thickness, the influence of the voltage on the bandgap, and the dependence between them. It was found that the smaller the order of magnitude of the plate thickness, the smaller the order of magnitude of the band in which the bandgap was located. The magnitude of the driving voltage that made the bandgap change became smaller accordingly. The new idea of attaching the PC plate to the conventional plate structure to achieve a vibration damping effect is also briefly introduced. Finally, the effects of lattice constant, plate width, and thickness on the bandgap were investigated.

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of numerous cardiovascular diseases with a high mortality rate. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNA molecules that do not encode proteins in human genome transcripts, are known to play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, researches on the regulation of atherosclerosis by ncRNAs, mainly including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have gradually become a hot topic. Traditional Chinese medicine has been proved to be effective in treating cardiovascular diseases in China for a long time, and its active monomers have been found to target a variety of atherosclerosis-related ncRNAs. These active monomers of traditional Chinese medicine hold great potential as drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we summarized current advancement of the molecular pathways by which ncRNAs regulate atherosclerosis and mainly highlighted the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in regulating atherosclerosis through targeting ncRNAs.

AbstractBiological pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass plays an important role for the enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, a nitrogen-fixing and lignin-degrading strain of bacteria was isolated from an abandoned termite colony. Then, it was identified and named as R. ornithinolytica RS-1. To improve the degradation and enzymatic saccharification in corn stover, we used pretreatment with strain RS-1 to deplete the lignin, combined with a 2.5% mild NaOH pretreatment to further deplete the hemicellulose. After only seven days, lignin was degraded by the bacteria RS-1 with a 19% decrease, while the relative content of cellulose increased with 21%. Furthermore, the corn stover cellulose conversion was up to 48.58% by a two-stage process with 2.5% NaOH pretreatment. Meanwhile, significant lignin and hemicellulose removal were observed. Manganese peroxidase activity was highest on Day 3 with the value 181.0256 U/L and lignin peroxidase activity was highest on Day 5 with the value 37.473 U/L, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed significant chemical structural changes after the combined pretreatment. Therefore, strain RS-1 provided an efficient strategy to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency by pretreatment of corn stover.

Recently, the Chinese government has issued various policies to regulate water resource management. The ‘three red lines’ policy is one of the most important. To quantify the influence of the ‘three red lines’ policy on water resource carrying status (WRCS), analyze the shortcomings of the current water resource management and provide support for adjusting the direction of water resource management, we constructed a system dynamics model that considered ‘red line’ constraint feedback and simulated changes in WRCS characterization indicators from the period 2019 to 2040 in coastal cities of Jiangsu Province. The WRCS in Nantong city from 2019 to 2035 was medium and that from 2036 to 2040 was poor; that in Yancheng city from 2019 to 2037 was medium and that from 2038 to 2040 was poor; that in Lianyungang city from 2019 to 2036 was medium and that from 2037 to 2040 was poor. We then constructed three schemes with strategies to improve the WRCS. Compared with the initial scheme, Scheme I, involving further enhanced water resource utilization efficiency and reduced discharge of pollutants, improved the WRCS. Based on Scheme III, the economic scale can be expanded by increasing economic development at an appropriate speed, while the WRCS remains almost consistent with the initial scheme. HIGHLIGHTS We explored the influence of the ‘three red lines’ policy on the water resource carrying status in Jiangsu Province.; We constructed a system dynamics model that considered ‘red line’ constraint feedback.; The WRCS changes from 2019 to 2040 based on the existing planning were simulated.; The economic scale can expand by maintaining appropriate strategies while the WRCS remains nearly constant.;

Large number of heterogeneous porphyry dolomites have been found in the 5th sub-member of the 5th member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation (M55 sub-member) in the central and eastern parts of Ordos Basin, and many drilled wells have shown good oil and gas potential, which has become the focus for oil and gas exploration, but the genetic mechanism is still undetermined. Based on petrological characteristics and geochemical analysis, the origin of porphyry dolomite in this area is studied. Results show that porphyry dolomite can be classified into three types: unevenly, obviously and slightly porphyry dolomite. According to the morphology characteristics of cloud spots, the structure of cloud spots is supposed to be caused by biological disturbance, and the cathodoluminescence of spots and matrix is the same. Porphyry dolomite has relatively higher contents of Fe, Mn and Na and lower content of Sr, but there is no significant difference between the contents of Fe, Mn and Sr in spots and matrix. The δ13C values of porphyry dolomites are highly comparable to those of seawater at the same time, and the δ18O values are all negative with no significant difference among the three types of dolomites. The ratio of 87Sr/86Sr is higher than that of seawater in the same period. Petrological and geochemical characteristics show that biodisturbance causes the heterogeneity of rocks, and the degree of disturbance affects porphyry rate. The biodisturbed limestone of porphyry dolomite series is formed by the dolomitization of the osmotic reflux of high salinity seawater. The dolomite underwent recrystallization after re-burial.

Balancing physical activity and studying is an important issue facing Chinese teenagers. Therefore, numerous studies have found that engaging in physical activity can promote academic performance among students. However, what is the optimal duration of physical activity? This study used data from the China Education Panel Survey, with a sample size of 18,009 valid respondents. General linear regression analysis was conducted using Stata 17 software to evaluate the effects of different durations of physical activity, cognitive ability, and physical Fitness on academic performance among adolescents. Furthermore, the “Bootstrap Mediation” method and the “Maximum Likelihood Estimation” method were used to analyze whether physical health and cognitive ability have significant mediating effects. The present study reveals the following findings: (1) There exists a non-linear relationship between students’ academic performance and the duration of physical exercise. The greatest improvement in academic performance is observed when the exercise duration reaches 2 hours. (2) Physical exercise can enhance students’ academic performance by promoting physical health and cognitive abilities. (3) Gender heterogeneity is observed, with the optimal exercise duration for male students being 2 hours, while female students exhibit the highest academic performance when exercising for one hour. This study provides theoretical guidance for research on adolescents’ participation in physical Activity and improving academic performance, enabling adolescents to engage in physical Activity more scientifically and rationally.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CBR3-AS1 (termed as CBR3-AS1) has been reported to be upregulated in several cancers including osteosarcoma. Its positive impact on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells has been unveiled; nevertheless, whether it also affects the stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of osteosarcoma cells is unclear. The purpose for this study was to explore the effects of CBR3-AS1 on the stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells as well as its underlying mechanism. qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to detect target gene expression. Function assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of genes on the stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanism assays were done to verify the association among different genes. In vivo assays were also performed. The obtained data showed that CBR3-AS1 demonstrated a high expression in osteosarcoma cells. CBR3-AS1 could promote stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells as well as osteosarcoma tumor growth. Mechanically, CBR3-AS1 sponged miR-140-5p and recruited DDX54 to upregulate NUCKS1, thus activating the mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, NUCKS1 could facilitate stemness and EMT of osteosarcoma cells. In summary, this study reveals that CBR3-AS1 exerts an oncogenic role in osteosarcoma through modulating the network of the miR-140-5p/DDX54-NUCKS1-mTOR signaling pathway.

Objectives: To report the perioperative management experience of central venous access devices (CVAD) in Chinese children with severe hemophilia A (SHA) in China. Methods: This retrospective study included SHA children who underwent Port-A-Cath or peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) implantation between 2020/01 and 2021/07. Collected data included baseline characteristics, factor replacement regimen and CVAD-related complications. Results: Nine patients had nine ports placed, and eight patients underwent 10 PICCs placement. Patients without or with low-titer inhibitor (10 BU) received PICC. The median recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) dose was 87.47 μg/kg before and for 5–7 doses after implantation over 2–3 days. The median PICC duration was 226.5 days, with infection incidence of 0.12 per 1000 catheter-days. Conclusions: CVADs can be safely implanted in China. PICC implantation is a practical and safe option for SHA children with high-titer inhibitors.

Conventional radiomics analysis requires the manual segmentation of lesions, which is time-consuming and subjective. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting muscle invasion in bladder cancer (BCa) with radiomics using a semi-automatic lesion segmentation method on T2-weighted images. Cases of non-muscle-invasive BCa (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive BCa (MIBC) were pathologically identified in a training cohort and in internal and external validation cohorts. For bladder tumor segmentation, a deep learning-based semi-automatic model was constructed, while manual segmentation was performed by a radiologist. Semi-automatic and manual segmentation results were respectively used in radiomics analyses to distinguish NMIBC from MIBC. An equivalence test was used to compare the models’ performance. The mean Dice similarity coefficients of the semi-automatic segmentation method were 0.836 and 0.801 in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were 1.00 (0.991) and 0.892 (0.894) for the semi-automated model (manual) on the internal and external validation cohort, respectively (both p < 0.05). The average total processing time for semi-automatic segmentation was significantly shorter than that for manual segmentation (35 s vs. 92 s, p < 0.001). The BCa radiomics model based on semi-automatic segmentation method had a similar diagnostic performance as that of manual segmentation, while being less time-consuming and requiring fewer manual interventions.

Mobile charging devices (MCDs) have been regarded as a promising way to solve the energy shortage of wireless sensor networks. Due to ignoring some important factors, such as redundant sensor nodes, there is still room to improve network lifetimes. We propose a charging strategy for wireless sensor networks with one energy-limited MCD. To give the best support for sensor nodes which need charging the most, an algorithm is proposed to find the minimum sensor nodes which keep the coverage and connectivity of the network and have the least energy requirements. Then, the goal of maximizing network lifetime is changed into how to utilize the limited energy of the MCD to guarantee the minimum sensor nodes work as long as possible. If the MCD has enough energy for all sensor nodes, the charging algorithm is designed to minimize the outage time of the network and maximize charging efficiency. Otherwise, if the energy capacity is larger than the least energy requirement, the charging target minimizes the outage time of the minimum sensor node; otherwise the charging problem becomes maximizing the lifetime of minimum sensor nodes, which has lower complexity. The results of simulation experiments confirm that our scheme prolongs network lifetime and improves charging efficiency.

The current NRC dietary selenium (Se) requirement (0.15 mg/kg) of broilers is primarily based on growth performance data reported in 1986. Our study aimed to determine optimal dietary Se levels of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet for the full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues. A total of 384 one-d-old male broilers (n = 8 replicates/diet) were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 mg Se/kg in the form of Na2SeO3 for 21 d. Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the optimal dietary Se levels using broken-line, quadratic or asymptotic models. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the plasma, liver, kidney and pancreas, iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO) in the plasma, liver and pancreas, and thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd) in the liver and pancreas, the mRNA levels of Gpx1, Gpx4, Dio1, selenoprotein (Seleno) h, Selenop and Selenou in the liver, Gpx4, Dio1, Txnrd1, Txnrd2, Selenoh, Selenop and Selenou in the kidney, and Gpx1, Gpx4, Selenoh and Selenou in the pancreas, and the protein levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were influenced (P

Background and purposeUnderstanding the stroke mechanism of middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerosis may inform secondary prevention. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between vascular wall characteristics and infarction patterns using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).MethodsFrom November 2018 to March 2021, patients with acute ischemic stroke due to MCA atherosclerotic disease were retrospectively analyzed. The wall characteristics of atherosclerotic MCA, including conventional characteristics and histogram-defined characteristics, were evaluated using HRMRI. Patients were divided into single-infarction and multiple-infarction groups based on DWI, and wall characteristics were compared between the two groups.ResultsOf 92 patients with MCA plaques, 59 patients (64.1%) had multiple infarcts, and 33 (35.9%) had single infarcts. The histogram-defined characteristics showed no differences between the single-infarction and multiple-infarction groups (P>0.05). Plaque burden, degree of stenosis, and prevalence of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) were significantly greater in the multiple-infarction group than in the single-infarction group (plaque burden: P = 0.001; degree of stenosis: P = 0.010; IPH: P = 0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that plaque burden (odds ratio: 1.136; 95% confidence interval: 1.054–1.224, P = 0.001) and IPH (odds ratio: 5.248; 95% confidence interval: 1.573–17.512, P = 0.007) were independent predictors for multiple infarction.ConclusionIPH and plaque burden are independently associated with multiple infarcts. HRMRI may provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying the different MCA infarction patterns.

Abstract Background No studies evaluated the role of F8 mutations in outcomes for low‐dose immune tolerance induction (ITI) in people with severe hemophilia A (SHA) with high‐titer inhibitors. Objectives To explore the association between F8 mutation types and low‐dose ITI outcomes in children with SHA with high‐titer inhibitors. Methods Children SHA with high‐titer inhibitors who received low‐dose ITI therapy at least for 1 year were included in this study. Based on the risk of inhibitor development, F8 mutations were classified into a high‐risk group and a non–high‐risk group. Rapid tolerance and the final ITI outcomes were assessed at the 12th and 24th month of treatment, respectively, and the predictor of outcomes was analyzed. Results Of 104 children included, 101 had F8 mutations identified. The children with non–high‐risk mutations presented a higher rate of rapid tolerance than those with high‐risk mutations (61.0% vs. 29.2%; p = 0.006). Among 72 children beyond 24 months of ITI, 55 children (76.4%) achieved success, 3 (4.2%) achieved partial success, and 14 (19.4%) failed. The children in the non–high‐risk group showed a higher success rate (86.8% vs. 43.8%; p = 0.001) and a shorter time to success (mean time, 9.3 months vs. 13.2 months; p = 0.04) compared to those in the high‐risk group. In multivariable logistic regression, F8 mutations were an independent predictor of ITI success (non–high‐risk group vs. high‐risk group, adjusted odds ratio [OR], 20.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5–117.8), as was the interval from inhibitor diagnosis to ITI start (adjusted OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90–0.99). They remained the significant predictors when success time was taken into account in a Cox model. Conclusions Types of F8 mutation were a key predictor of outcomes for low‐dose ITI in children with SHA with high‐titer inhibitors. It can help to stratify the prognosis and guide clinical decisions.

BackgroundAs a new non-factor therapy for hemophilia A (HA), real-world study of emicizumab is still scarce. This study aimed to investigate the real-world use of emicizumab in Chinese boys with HA.MethodsPatients with moderate or severe HA were enrolled at Beijing Children's Hospital. They take emicizumab weekly (3 mg/kg) for a month and then went into a maintenance period with a different dosing regimen. After obtaining platelet-poor plasma at end of the loading period and during the maintenance period, coagulation ability and FVIII inhibitor were determined using human and bovine chromogenic Bethesda assay. Patients' bleeding rates were calculated through patients' records from 24 weeks before to at least 6 months after the switch (to emicizumab).ResultIn total, 13 pediatric patients with HA (severe: moderate = 11:2) were enrolled in this study. The patients' age was 3.51 (0.73–6.65) years. Eight had FVIII inhibitors at enrollment and one of them developed FVIII inhibitors again during the switch. The coagulation level of the maintenance period was 19.6 (13.5–32.8) IU/dL (N = 10). The median dose of each emicizumab injection was 2.7 (1.3–3.8) mg/kg and the monthly consumption of emicizumab was 5.2 (3.2–6.8) mg/kg/month. After switching to emicizumab, reduced annualized bleeding rate (ABR) [0.5 (0–4) vs. 4 (0–18), P

Background: Accurate assessment of a stenotic or occluded middle cerebral artery (MCA) is essential before making optimal therapeutic decisions. However, complete occlusion is not always easy to determine for both magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and neurologists. We aimed to study noninvasive technology using transcranial Doppler (TCD) combined with MRA to assess severe stenosis and occlusion of the MCA. Methods: We studied consecutive patients with severe steno-occlusive MCA by digital subtraction angiography from Oct. 2011 to Mar. 2020 in our stroke center. Hemodynamic measurements of TCD, including peak velocity (PSV), mean flow velocity (MFV) and pulse index (PI), were recorded specifically at the steno-occlusive site by MRA. Results: A total of 152 MCAs of 148 patients were enrolled (60.0 ± 11.5 y, 107 male), including 82 severe stenotic MCAs and 70 occluded MCAs (Group S & Group O) by DSA. There were 86/152 (57%) MCAs showing discontinuity in MRA, which was significantly distributed more in Group O than in Group S (84% vs. 33%, P < 0.001). The PSV and MFV in Group S were greater (264 ± 78 cm/s vs. 33 ± 34 cm/s and 182 ± 61 cm/s vs. 21 ± 23 cm/s, respectively, P < 0.001), while the PI in Group O was greater (0.98 ± 0.49 vs. 0.72 ± 0.17, P < 0.001). PSV was positively correlated with severe MCA stenosis (β = 0.036, P < 0.001, OR = 0.965, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.952–0.978). In severe steno-occlusive MCA, using PSV and MFV to detect MCA severe stenosis yielded areas under the curve of 0.983 (CI: 0.964–1.0) and 0.982 (CI: 0.962–1.0), respectively. The cutoff points of PSV ≥ 77 cm/s and MFV ≥ 51 cm/s both yielded an optimized sensitivity of 96.3% and specificity of 98.6%. Conclusion: The critical velocity at the steno-occlusive site is reliable for distinguishing between severe MCA stenosis and occlusion.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between varying levels of obesity and physical fitness test scores among Chinese adolescents, while also investigating gender differences in physical fitness and overall health. Data on height, weight, 50 m sprints, 1000/800 m runs, standing long jumps, sit and reach exercises, pull-ups/bent-leg sit-ups, and additional variables were collected from the DYH health database. Physical fitness indicators were evaluated based on the revised 2014 National Physical Fitness Standards for Students, and scores were assigned accordingly. An ordinal logistic regression (ologit) model was employed to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness. Results: (1) Normal-weight boys achieved significantly higher physical fitness test scores than boys in other weight categories. (2) Underweight and normal-weight girls obtained significantly higher physical fitness test scores compared to overweight and obese girls, with underweight girls scoring slightly higher than those with a normal weight. Conclusions: (1) There is a significant non-linear relationship between BMI levels and physical fitness test scores. (2) Gender differences were observed in physical fitness and overall health outcome. (3) The findings indicate an inverted U-shaped association between BMI and physical fitness among boys, while girls displayed an inverse relationship. This could be attributed to the cultural association between thinness and beauty among girls in China.

Superhydrophobic nanocellulose membrane was prepared by synergistically modifying biodegradable nanocellulose with low-carbon perfluoroorganosiloxane and ethyl orthosilicate. The effects of four kinds of low-carbon perfluoroorganosiloxanes with different structures and their ratio to ethyl orthosilicate on the hydrophobic properties of nanocellulose membrane were investigated, and then FT-IR, XPS, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, TG and contact angle goniometer were used to characterize the structure and hydrophobic properties of nanocellulose membrane before and after modification. It is found that when the molar ratio of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (PFOTMS) to ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is 1, the modified nanocellulose membrane PFOTMS-TEOS-CNF is loaded with silica nanoparticles both inside and on its surface, and a micro-nano hierarchical rough morphology with low surface energy is constructed. At this point, the root-mean-square roughness (Rq) of nanocellulose membrane is 112 nm, and the static contact angle of water droplet is 153.5°, successfully realizing superhydrophobicity. In addition, compared to unmodified nanocellulose membrane, PFOTMS-TEOS-CNF with better thermal stability includes an additional maximum weight loss rate temperature (491.2 °C). The above advantages markedly improve the shortcomings of pristine nanocellulose, such as superhydrophilicity and insufficient thermal stability, and also broadens its high-value application in many fields.

IntroductionThe focus of this survey was to understand the current status of implementation of early rehabilitation for critically ill children in China. We also reviewed the available literature on this topic for further insights to inform its future development.Materials and methodsWe used a cross-sectional study design to survey tertiary hospitals nationwide. Questionnaires were distributed via the social media platform “WeChat Questionnaire Star” within the framework of the Rehabilitation Group of the Pediatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. A narrative literature review on the implementation of the early rehabilitation for critically ill pediatric and/or adult patients was carried out.ResultsA total of 202 valid questionnaires were received. About half (n = 105, 52.0%) of respondent hospitals reported that they implement early rehabilitation for critically ill children. Among these 105 hospitals, 28 implemented a continuous chain of early rehabilitation. A total of 24 hospitals had set up permanent specialized centralized early rehabilitation units for critically ill children.Implications and future directionsEarly rehabilitation for critically ill children is not widely available in China and only a minority of hospitals implement a continuous chain of early rehabilitation. To improve this undesirable situation, we suggest creating a two-level integrated system comprising centralized early rehabilitation units and surrounding early rehabilitation networks within a region.

CCT transcription factors are involved in the regulation of photoperiod and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis and rice. It is not clear that how CCT gene family expand and regulate heading date in foxtail millet. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of the CCT gene family in foxtail millet. Thirty-nine CCT genes were identified and divided into four subfamilies based on functional motifs. Analysis showed that dispersed duplication played a predominant role in the expansion of CCT genes during evolution. Nucleotide diversity analysis suggested that genes in CONSTANS (COL)-like, CCT MOTIF FAMILY (CMF)-like, and pseudoresponse response regulator (PRR)-like subfamilies were subjected to selection. Fifteen CCT genes were colocalized with previous heading date quantitative trait loci (QTL) and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) signals. Transgenic plants were then employed to confirm that overexpression of the CCT gene SiPRR37 delayed the heading date and increased plant height. Our study first investigated the characterization and expansion of the CCT family in foxtail millet and demonstrated the role of SiPRR37. These results lay a significant foundation for further research on the function of CCT genes and provide a cue for the regulation of heading date.

BackgroundSerious games (SGs) as one kind of intervention that can improve the level of knowledge and change behavior to affect health outcomes has been increasingly applied in health care.ObjectiveAnalyze hotspots and trends of the application of SGs in health care and provide reference and direction for further research in the future.MethodsThe Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database was used for extracting the literature on SGs in health care for the period from the database established to 11 October, 2021. Scoping review and bibliometric analysis were used to deeply analyze and visualize countries, categories of studies, annual study output, cited authors, cited journals, cited articles, and keywords of healthcare field.ResultsA total of 1,322 articles were retrieved, then every articles' title and abstract were read one by one, and 795 articles were included after screening with an exponential increase in publication volume. The United States of America made the greatest contribution to global publications regarding SGs in health care. From the total, 20.8% of articles fall under the category of health care sciences services. The target groups were mainly concentrated in children (18.0%), youth (13.8%), the elderly (10.9%), adolescents (9.1%), and adults (3.4%). Baranowski T (n = 103 citations) is the most influential author, followed by Kato PM (n = 73 citations) and Desmet A (n = 58 citations). The top three cited journals were “Plos One” (n = 268 citations), “Games for Health Journal” (n = 209 citations), and “Journal of Medical Internet Research” (n = 197 citations), and the top three cited articles were “A meta-analysis of serious digital games for healthy lifestyle promotion,” “A Systematic Review of Serious Games in Training Health Care Professionals,” and “Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults.” More and more studies focus on specific age groups, such as children, adolescents, and the elderly. The research hotspots and trends included “rehabilitation,” “medical education,” and “design.”ConclusionsThe application of SGs in health care remains important areas for future research. “Rehabilitation,” “medical education,” and “design” reflected the latest research hotpots and future trends.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the clinical features and outcomes of children with spinal cord injury (SCI) without fracture or dislocation.MethodsThe clinical data of children with SCI without fracture or dislocation in this retrospective study were collected in Chongqing, China (January 2010 to December 2021). We collected patient demographics at admission including age, gender, cause, level, and severity of the injury in admission and complications. Reports from radiologic imaging were reviewed to identify spina bifida occulta (SBO). Neurological function was evaluated using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) for an SCI.ResultsA total of 74 children with SCI (male, 27%; female, 73%; male-to-female ratio, 1:2.7; average age, 5.7 years) were included. The main cause of injury was backbend during the dance (34 patients, 45.9%, including 2 patients who hugged back falling backward), followed by traffic accidents (17 patients, 23%). Children with backbend-related SCI were older than other children (6.9 vs. 4.9 years old, P < 0.001). When reviewing all radiological images, it was found that 20 (27%) patients with SCI had SBO. The proportion of SCI with SBO caused by backbend was considerably higher than those caused by non-backbend (41.2 vs. 15%, P = 0.012). The AIS were 22 (29.7%), 4 (5.4%), 8 (10.8%), 31 (41.9%), and 9 (12.2%) in A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. The prognosis was poorer in the backbend during dancing than other causes of injury (p = 0.003).ConclusionThis study showed that backbend during the dance was the main cause of children's SCI without fracture or dislocation in Chongqing, China. The prognosis was poorer in those children than in other causes of injury. Meanwhile, we have established an association between SBO and SCI for children performing a backbend during the dance.

The traditional feature selection method only considers the linear correlation between variables and ignores the nonlinear correlation, so it is difficult to select effective feature subsets to build the effective model to predict the number of faults in software modules.Considering the linear and nonlinear relationship, a feature selection method based on maximum information coefficient (MIC) was proposed.The proposed method separated the redundancy analysis and correlation analysis into two phases.In the previous phase, the cluster algorithm, which was based on the correlation between features, was used to divide the redundant features into the same cluster.In the later phase, the features in each cluster were sorted in descending order according to the correlation between features and the number of software defects, and then the top features were selected to form the feature subset.The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the prediction performance of software defect number prediction model by effectively removing redundant and irrelevant features.