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Maternal and paternal depressive symptoms have shown to be linked to higher internalizing and externalizing problems in their children. The dysfunctional affective communication that characterizes depressed parenting has also been analyzed as a potential traumatic cumulative phenomenon that may, consequently, yield to dissociation. In this research framework, the purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships among fathers' and mothers' depressive symptoms, adolescent dissociative experiences and internalizing and externalizing problems. A cross-sectional study, with a sample of 185 Italian adolescent students (40% males and 60% females; M = 16.2 years, SD = 1.2) and their mothers (M.sub.Age = 45.5 years, SD = 5.6 years) and fathers (M.sub.Age = 50.1 years, SD = 6.9 years) was conducted. Adolescents' dissociative experiences were evaluated by means of the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale, whereas their internalizing and externalizing symptoms through the Youth Self Report and parental depression symptoms were assessed through the Beck Depression Inventory. Path model analyses showed that the adolescent dissociative experiences played a mediating role between fathers' and mothers' depressive symptoms and their adolescent sons' and daughters' internalizing and externalizing problems. This study pointed out the complexity of the emotional/behavioral functioning in adolescent offspring when both parents are depressed, highlighting the presence and the impact of adolescent dissociative experiences associated to internalizing and externalizing problems., Author(s): Laura Vismara [sup.1], Cristina Sechi [sup.1], Loredana Lucarelli [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7763.5, 0000 0004 1755 3242, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, Faculty of Human Studies, University of Cagliari, [...]

The PFQ-2 is a brief and widely used questionnaire assessing shame- and maladaptive guilt-proneness. As empirical literature suggests cultural differences in self-conscious emotions, the present study aimed at validating the PFQ-2 in an Italian community sample (N = 367; 258 females; M .sub.age = 33.67). In particular, we investigated the factor structure of the PFQ-2, its invariance across genders, and associations of the two scales with clinically relevant constructs. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that a modified two-factor model fitted our data and could be replicated fairly well across genders. Both guilt- and shame-proneness scales showed acceptable internal consistency, adequate test-retest reliability, and significant associations with criterion measures (e.g., personality pathology, narcissism, psychopathological symptoms). Specific concerns regarding potentially weak items and implications of our findings were discussed. Overall, results mirror previous studies on shame- and guilt-proneness, and provide a validated Italian version of the PFQ-2 for the assessment of their clinical correlates in community samples., Author(s): Marco Di Sarno [sup.1], Rossella Di Pierro [sup.1], Fabio Madeddu [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7563.7, 0000 0001 2174 1754, Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, , Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo [...]

There have been theoretical speculations and empirical indications that individual differences in emotional intelligence (EI) are associated with quality of attachment, yet many issues regarding this relationship have remained unsettled or even unexplored. Spelling out and attempting to fill some of these gaps, the present study examined the specific contribution of attachment quality in explaining variance in both ability EI and trait EI, with traditionally conceived intelligence and the basic personality traits controlled for. Participants were 251 employed adults (116 males; age range 21-62, M = 40.3, SD = 8.14), who completed a test of ability EI; a questionnaire assessing trait EI; a battery of standard intelligence tests; a Five-Factor inventory of personality; and two self-report measures of attachment quality. Attachment security was found to be related to higher EI, associations being small-to-moderate for ability EI, and moderate-to-large for trait EI. In hierarchical regression analyses, attachment predicted a significant amount of unique variance in both ability and trait EI, beyond intelligence and personality. Moreover, attachment Anxiety surfaced as the best single (understandably, negative) predictor of both EIs, their only other mutual predictors being the g-factor and Conscientiousness. Altogether, these results yield a fuller picture of what constitutes individual differences in objectively assessed and self-perceived emotional abilities, revealing that a substantial portion of them may be understood with reference to attachment security. The present study thus warrants more extensive, longitudinal research into the developmental interplay between attachment and the two EIs., Author(s): Ana Altaras Dimitrijevic [sup.1] [sup.2], Zorana Jolic Marjanovic [sup.1], Aleksandar Dimitrijevic [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7149.b, 0000 0001 2166 9385, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, [...]

There is much evidence that primary psychopathy is related to a deficit in emotion processing. The question remains, however, as to whether a deficit in self-conscious emotions hinders the ability to infer expected self-conscious emotions in others. Relying on an indirect testing of emotion attribution, we explored the possibility that primary psychopathy would predict difficulty in distinguishing between shame and guilt. Results showed that participants scoring high in primary psychopathy had more difficulties (i.e., they were less accurate) differentiating between guilt eliciting and shame eliciting events. The findings held even when controlling for age and gender. The importance of self-conscious emotions proneness when attributing emotions to others and implications for future research are discussed., Author(s): Hakim Djeriouat [sup.1], Bastien Trémolière [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.11417.32, 0000 0001 2353 1689, Department of Psychology, University of Toulouse, , Toulouse, France (2) grid.48959.39, 0000 0004 0647 1372, [...]

The present study examined the structure and correlates of the experience of disappointment within interpersonal relationships using a mixed method approach. Participants described their thoughts and feelings during a disappointment-eliciting event with another person. On the basis of statements extracted from these descriptions, a self-report questionnaire (the Experience of Disappointment Questionnaire, EDQ) was constructed and factor analyzed. The associations of the EDQ's factors and personality and relationship variables were examined. The findings provide initial information regarding the complexity of interpersonal disappointment experiences as well as initial validation of the EDQ., Author(s): Eliane Sommerfeld [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411434.7, 0000 0000 9824 6981, Department of Psychology, Ariel University, , Ariel, Israel Interpersonal relations are a source of security and satisfaction. Nevertheless, [...]

Individuals who perceive that their partner is satisfied with individuals' bodies are more sexually satisfied than those who perceive that their partner is dissatisfied. Using the truth and bias model [...]

SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) programs have demonstrated positive outcomes with universal audiences in several categories. Studies show that teachers are competent at administering such programs, yet there is limited research on educators' ability to create an effective teaching program that meets SEL educational outcomes. This study explored early childhood educators' use of an SEL resource and its effect on children's social--emotional development. Paired sample f tests explored changes to development over an eight-week period, between an intervention (n = 15) and control centre (n = 17). Checklists and journal entries provided insight into the educators' teaching program and related activities. Findings suggest early childhood educators are capable of designing a teaching program targeting SEL instruction, using evidence-based practices. Results indicate that the resource had a significant effect on children's social--emotional development, particularly in targeted areas. These findings may assist early childhood educators in their planning, documentation and assessment of SEL outcomes, and may contribute to the literature on SEL in universal education settings., Introduction and literature review Social-emotional development is vital for school and life success (Durlak, Domitrovich, Weissberg & Gullotta, 2015). Such competences are directly linked to positive outcomes (Goodman, Joshi, Nasim [...]

This study examined romantic attachment and intimacy as correlates of oversexualized behaviours and attitudes among emerging adults. A sample of 587 participants (494 women, 93 men) aged between 18 and [...]

Hall, Tim. The Economic Geographies of Organized Crime. New York: The Guilford Press, pp.223, paper, (9781462535194). The Economic Geographies of Organized Crime by Tim Hall is a thoroughly researched and [...]

Overview Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are chronic, debilitating conditions that commonly co-occur. (1) The high rates of disability, physical and mental health problems, and health [...]

Despite the well documented prevalence of same sex intimate partner violence (SSIPV), its dynamics remain relatively poorly understood. Building on the established value of attachment theory's contribution to understanding heterosexual intimate partner violence, we provide a detailed examination of the relationship between the attachment system and SSIPV, while broadening our scope to include the caregiving system. A total of 310 American and Canadian individuals involved in same sex romantic relationships participated in an online survey. Hierarchical regressions revealed that attachment and caregiving variables shared significant amounts of variance with SSIPV, with avoidance of intimacy and proximity making independent contributions. Based on significant overlap between the attachment and caregiving dimensions, subsequent analyses were conducted to provide composite variables used to predict SSIPV., Author(s): Nicolas Gabbay [sup.1] , Marie-France Lafontaine [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) 0000 0001 2182 2255grid.28046.38School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada The legalization of same sex [...]

This study's aims were two-fold: to contribute to an understanding of the relationship between religious fundamentalism and psychological well-being and to test the psychometric properties of the Italian adaptation of [...]

As previously stated, the style of coaching we are advocating tends to be humanistic, developmental, systemic, non-directive, and therapeutic. These describe a means toward an end, and the end result [...]

There is little research to date on the role of sibling relationships in mitigating attachment-related trauma. This paper is a clinical case study that illustrates the therapeutic process involved in working with siblings as well as the parent-child dyad, following a history of intra-familial trauma. We present an attachment-based treatment approach that recognizes and makes clinical use of a secure sibling attachment system. The process of facilitating therapeutic change in children with an insecure attachment style in relation to their parents, contrasted with a relatively secure sibling attachment system, is discussed. The implications of improved parent-child relationships on family outcomes, as well as on sibling relationships, are also explored. Keywords Attachment * Family * Sibling * Family therapy * Trauma * Violence, Attachment-Based Intervention Strategies in Family Therapy with Survivors of Intra-Familial Trauma: A Case Study Bowlby (1982) proposed that human beings are born with an innate psychobiological system, the attachment behavioral [...]

Childhood abuse can have significant negative effects on survivors that often last into adulthood. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of romantic attachment in understanding the relationship between childhood abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adulthood. Data for this study were taken from the first wave of a five-wave longitudinal study. The sample included 120 mothers in their third trimester of pregnancy. Regression analyses were conducted in order to examine adult romantic attachment as a possible protective or vulnerability factor. Main effects of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on PTSD symptoms were found, such that higher levels of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were related to more PTSD symptoms. Attachment avoidance moderated this relationship, such that child abuse was significantly related to greater PTSD symptoms in those with high attachment avoidance. Implications for attachment-based interventions are discussed. Keywords Child abuse * Romantic attachment * Traumatic stress * Pregnancy, Childhood abuse, defined as experiences of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, has been linked to many poor outcomes in adulthood such as mood disorders, posttraumatic stress, and [...]

Religion provides directives for positive moral action and the promotion of human welfare; but religious beliefs can also foster and justify abusive behavior in the context of family life and child rearing. Parents, who are emotionally distraught and cannot control their responses to their child's needs or misbehavior, might wield religious ideas to intimidate and control their children. In our paper we set forth two fundamental types of religion-related emotional abuse and discuss the complex role that religion can play in perpetuating abusive family relationships. We address the emotional aspects of religion-related abuse and also its transgenerational transfer. We present a case illustration focusing on how such abuse leads to dysfunctional patterns of behavior in family relationships and disruptions in emotion regulation processes. Applying a Relational Family Therapy model, we consider select therapeutic implications for addressing and overcoming religious abuse and restoring functional emotion regulation processes in families. Keywords Religious abuse * Emotional abuse * Affect regulation * Psychotherapy * Attachment, Religion can play a positive role in preventing all types of abuse. A large body of research demonstrates how religious activities, personal faith, and inclusion in a variety of religious [...]

This article describes a year-long study, involving three teachers and 13 children (nine boys and four girls), that examined the impact of instructional practices on student achievement in a voluntary [...]

The psychological correlates of enuresis are receiving growing attention, coherently with a multi-factorial approach to this problem, but to date the empirical findings are still inconsistent and incomplete. The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the socio-affective functioning of enuretic children by exploring four central dimensions: attachment, self-esteem, self-control, and temperament. Twenty-two enuretic children with their mothers were enrolled in the study and matched, based on gender and age, to a control group of continent healthy children. Measures were collected through mothers' reports and individual administrations to all children. Controlling for socio-demographic variables, we found a significantly lower incidence of secure attachment, lower self-esteem, and higher rates of behavioral problems among the enuretic group, compared with the control group. No differences in the temperamental dimensions were found. These preliminary findings support the view of enuresis as a bio-behavioral problem and, from a practical standpoint, underline the urgency for physicians not to underestimate this disturbance, but, indeed, to treat the problem through medical strategies and to devote attention to the psychological difficulties of these patients. Keywords Enuresis * Attachment * Self-esteem * Behavioral problems * Temperament, Introduction According to the International Children's Continence Society [1], enuresis is an intermittent incontinence of urine while sleeping regardless of the presence or absence of concomitant daytime symptoms in children [...]

This preliminary study compares the family functioning, caregiver burden, and coping abilities between mothers of 300 children with developmental disorders and mothers of 100 children with no such disorders in the Bedouin community in Israel. The mothers completed the McMaster Family Assessment Device Scale, the Caregiver Burden Index, and the Sense of Coherence Scale. Mothers of children with developmental disorders reported lower family functioning, a higher caregiver burden, and a lower sense of coherence and thus lower coping abilities than mothers of children with no disorders. The study highlights the need to provide professional support for mothers of children with developmental disorders and to develop awareness and culturally appropriate intervention programs to enhance these mothers' coping abilities. Keywords Developmental disorder * Mothers * Family functioning * Caregiver burden * Sense of coherence * Bedouin, Introduction The Bedouin Community This research examines the coping and functioning of mothers of children with developmental disorders in a previously unexamined population: the Bedouin community in Israel. Israel is [...]

This article has dual aims. First, it proposes an explicit focus on emotion as a means of enriching thinking about employee health and wellbeing in the higher education (HE) sector. Second, in order to bring conceptual clarity to a highly complex area, it presents and illustrates (using a fictional scenario) a framework for understanding emotion. The article begins with an overview of recent published research relevant to the HE workplace as an affective domain and argues that research with an explicit focus on emotion is a so far little exploited means of investigating aspects of working life in HE that have implications for health and professional practice. It then presents a conceptualisation that views emotion as a system within which individual and environmental factors interact in highly intricate ways in emotional experience (Lazarus in Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1991, 1999). Viewed from this perspective 'emotions', as opposed to less powerful 'affects' (such as attitudes, beliefs and opinions), are uniquely relevant to physical and mental health. The article concludes by considering implications arising from this perspective on emotion for researchers and other practitioners in HE with an interest in how the university workplace impacts on the wellbeing of an increasingly diverse workforce. Keywords Emotion * Workplace * Higher education * Health * Wellbeing * Stress * Cognitive psychology, Introduction This article is conceptual and has developed from intellectual work undertaken as part of a larger project (Woods 2008). It has two principal purposes. First, it aims to raise [...]

The role played by social relationship variables (attachment security; mother-child relationship qualities) and social-cognitive capacities (theory of mind) was examined in both observed friendship behaviors and in children's descriptions of friendships (age 8-12) with high functioning children with autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) (n = 44) and with typical development (TYP) (n = 38). Overall, half of the HFASD sample (54.45%) reported maternal attachment security, corroborating data from younger children with ASD. The hypothesized predictors and their interrelations had both direct and indirect effects on friendship for both groups of children, highlighting the importance of these factors in children's friendship development and suggesting both compensatory and amplification mechanisms for friendship qualities. Practical and clinical implications are discussed for friendship support in both ASD and TYP. Keywords HFASD * Asperger syndrome * Friendship * Attachment * Theory of mind, Introduction Friendship involves close, emotionally intimate, and reciprocal long-term ties between children (e.g., Parker et al. 1995). The friendships of children with ASD differ in quality and quantity from those [...]

ABSTRACT A university-affiliated safe ride program was evaluated to determine whether these programs can reduce drunk-driving related costs. Data was collected from 187 safe ride passengers during three nights of [...]

Social networks affect positively or negatively a person's health, and a person's health affects, in turn, the network's availability. This article discusses this double dynamic, recommends the routine exploration of [...]

This study examined the predictive relationship between mindfulness and counseling self-efficacy and the potential mediating effects of attention and empathy. Master's-level counseling interns and doctoral counseling students (N = 179) [...]

This article examines roles that gender, culture, and spirituality play in elements of therapeutic process. It presents an initial literature review of gender, culture, and spirituality as these factors relate [...]

A biopsychosocial framework for assessing and treating families of children in pediatric health care settings is presented. Guided by a social ecological perspective on child health, the Pediatric Psychosocial Preventative [...]

Both college and noncollege populations face a high risk of becoming heavy drinkers and experiencing negative consequences of alcohol use. Because young people in these populations do not tend to [...]