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16. Eubacterium limosum activates isoxanthohumol from Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) into the potent phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin in vitro and in rat intestine

Author

Possemiers, Sam, Rabot, Sylvie, Espin, Juan Carlos, Bruneau, Aurelia, Philippe, Catherine, Gonzalez-Sarrias, Antonio, Heyerick, Arne, Tomas-Barberan, Francisco A., De Keukeleire, Denis, and Verstraete, Willy

Subjects
Isoflavones -- Chemical properties, Isoflavones -- Nutritional aspects, Rats -- Physiological aspects, Rats -- Food and nutrition, Rattus -- Physiological aspects, Rattus -- Food and nutrition, Hops -- Chemical properties, Hops -- Nutritional aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

Recently, it was shown that the exposure to the potent hop phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) depends on intestinal bacterial activation of isoxanthohumol (IX), but this occurs in only one-third of tested individuals. As the butyrate-producing Eubacterium limosum can produce 8-PN from IX, a probiotic strategy was applied to investigate whether 8-PN production could be increased in low 8-PN producers, thus balancing phytoestrogen exposure. Using fecal samples from high (Hop +) and low (Hop -) 8-PN-producing individuals, a Hop + and Hop--dynamic intestinal model was developed. In parallel, Hop + and Hop--human microbiota-associated rats were developed, germ-free (GF) rats acting as negative controls. IX and then IX + E. limosum were administered in the intestinal model and to the rats, and changes in 8-PN production and exposure were assessed. After dosing IX, 80% was converted into 8-PN in the Hop + model and highest 8-PN production, plasma concentrations, and urinary and fecal excretion occurred in the Hop + rats. Administration of the bacterium triggered 8-PN production in the GF rats and increased 8-PN production in the Hop--model and Hop rats. 8-PN excretion was similar in the feces (294.1 [+ or -] 132.2 nmol/d) and urine (8.5 [+ or -] 1.1 nmol/d) of all rats (n = 18). In addition, butyrate production increased in all rats. In conclusion, intestinal microbiota determined 8-PN production and exposure after IX intake. Moreover, E. limosum administration increased 8-PN production in low producers, resulting in similar 8-PN production in all rats.

Published
2008

17. Improving the reporting quality of intervention trials addressing the inter-individual variability in response to the consumption of plant bioactives: quality index and recommendations

Author

Nikolić, Marina, Nikolić, Marina, Konić-Ristić, Aleksandra, Gonzalez-Sarrias, Antonio, Istas, Geoffrey, Urpi-Sarda, Mireia, Dall'Asta, Margherita, Monfoulet, Laurent-Emanuel, Cloetens, Lieselotte, Bayram, Banu, Tumolo, Maria Rosaria, Chervenkov, Mihail, Scoditti, Egeria, Massaro, Marika, Tejera, Noemi, Abadjieva, Desislava, Chambers, Karen, Krga, Irena, Tomas-Barberan, Francisco A., Morand, Christine, Feliciano, Rodrigo, Garcia-Villalba, Rocio, Garcia-Aloy, Mar, Mena, Pedro, Nikolić, Marina, Nikolić, Marina, Konić-Ristić, Aleksandra, Gonzalez-Sarrias, Antonio, Istas, Geoffrey, Urpi-Sarda, Mireia, Dall'Asta, Margherita, Monfoulet, Laurent-Emanuel, Cloetens, Lieselotte, Bayram, Banu, Tumolo, Maria Rosaria, Chervenkov, Mihail, Scoditti, Egeria, Massaro, Marika, Tejera, Noemi, Abadjieva, Desislava, Chambers, Karen, Krga, Irena, Tomas-Barberan, Francisco A., Morand, Christine, Feliciano, Rodrigo, Garcia-Villalba, Rocio, Garcia-Aloy, Mar, and Mena, Pedro

Abstract

Key messages The reporting quality of human studies on inter-individual variation in response to plant bioactives is generally low and should be significantly improved. There is no specific guidance for reporting studies on inter-individual variation in response to plant bioactives. The assessment of reporting quality using a scale approach is considered a valuable tool in assessing compliance with the recommendations in the submission phase or during the reviewing process. It also provides a quantitative measure of the quality of studies to be used in meta-analysis. Eleven reporting criteria were developed and supported by detailed definitions and guidance for their scoring. The POSITIVe quality index was tested and demonstrated to be valid, reliable, and responsive. The use of the quality index and its supporting explanatory material (dictionary) as a guide for researchers, peer-reviewers, and journal editors will foster further complete and transparent reporting of data on inter-individual variability. The criteria used in the quality index can serve as additional guidance to inform the design and conduction of further studies on inter-individual variations in response to plant bioactives. Better reporting is expected to lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms and factors involved and thus better study designs with greater impact on policies and practice. Purpose The quality of the study design and data reporting in human trials dealing with the inter-individual variability in response to the consumption of plant bioactives is, in general, low. There is a lack of recommendations supporting the scientific community on this topic. This study aimed at developing a quality index to assist the assessment of the reporting quality of intervention trials addressing the inter-individual variability in response to plant bioactive consumption. Recommendations for better designing and reporting studies were discussed. Methods The selection of the parameters used for

Published
2019

24. Resveratrol and Clinical Trials: The Crossroad from In Vitro Studies to Human Evidence

Author

Tome-Carneiro, Joao, Larrosa, Mar, Gonzalez-Sarrias, Antonio, A. Tomas-Barberan, Francisco, Teresa Garcia-Conesa, Maria, and Carlos Espin, Juan

Abstract

Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that may be present in a limited number of foodstuffs such as grapes and red wine. Resveratrol has been reported to exert a plethora of health benefits through many different mechanisms of action. This versatility and presence in the human diet have drawn the worldwide attention of many research groups over the past twenty years, which has resulted in a huge output of in vitro and animal (preclinical) studies. In line with this expectation, many resveratrol- based nutraceuticals are consumed all over the world with questionable clinical/scientific support. In fact, the confirmation of these benefits in humans through randomized clinical trials is still very limited. The vast majority of preclinical studies have been performed using assay conditions with a questionable extrapolation to humans, i.e. too high concentrations with potential safety concerns (adverse effects and drug interactions), short-term exposures, in vitro tests carried out with non-physiological metabolites and/or concentrations, etc. Unfortunately, all these hypothesis-generating studies have contributed to increased the number of ‘potential’ benefits and mechanisms of resveratrol but confirmation in humans is very limited. Therefore, there are many issues that should be addressed to avoid an apparent endless loop in resveratrol research. The so-called ‘Resveratrol Paradox’, i.e., low bioavailability but high bioactivity, is a conundrum not yet solved in which the final responsible actor (if any) for the exerted effects has not yet been unequivocally identified. It is becoming evident that resveratrol exerts cardioprotective benefits through the improvement of inflammatory markers, atherogenic profile, glucose metabolism and endothelial function. However, safety concerns remain unsolved regarding chronic consumption of high RES doses, specially in medicated people. This review will focus on the currently available evidence regarding resveratrol’s effects on humans obtained from randomized clinical trials. In addition, we will provide a critical outlook for further research on this molecule that is evolving from a minor dietary compound to a possible multi-target therapeutic drug.

Published
2013

25. Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Foods and Derived Products Containing Ellagitannins and Anthocyanins on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: Analysis of Factors Influencing Variability of the Individual Responses

Author

Pedro Mena, Christos Kontogiorgis, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Eileen R. Gibney, Juan Carlos Espín, Christine Morand, Sonia de Pascual-Teresa, Geoffrey Istas, Mar Garcia-Aloy, Karen Chambers, Antonio González-Sarrías, Emilie Combet, Paul A. Kroon, María Teresa García-Conesa, Dilip K. Rai, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Wendy J Hollands, Paula Pinto, Alekxandra Konic Ristic, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Quadram Institute Bioscience, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Department of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Nutrition, Escola Superior Agraria (ESA), Insituto Politécnico de Santarém, Molecular Nutrition and Health Laboratory, Instituto de Technologia Quimica e Biologica, Biomarkers and Nutritional & Food Metabolomics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, King's College London's Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School of Democritus University of Thrace, Teagasac Food Research Centre, UCD Institute of Food and Health, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology): FA1403-POSITIVe, COST Action 'POSITIVe' FA1403, Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), European Commission, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Universitat de Barcelona, Garcia-Conesa, Maria Theresa, and Gonzalez-Sarrias, Antonio

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Trastorns del metabolisme, Chimie analytique, Review, Overweight, Interindividual variability, Cardiovascular System, Pomegranate, interindividual variability, Anthocyanins, lcsh:Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, pomegranate, Risk Factors, cardiovascular disease, Ellagitannins, maladie cardiovasculaire, Nuts, Food science, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, 2. Zero hunger, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Red wine, food and beverages, Berries, General Medicine, red wine, anthocyanins, Hydrolyzable Tannins, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, Lifestyle factors, Disorders of metabolism, Cardiovascular Diseases, Meta-analysis, Polifenols, Alimentation et Nutrition, Smoking status, medicine.symptom, metaanalysis, cardiometabolic disorders, berries, Waist, nuts, Biology, Catalysis, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Inorganic Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Red grapes, ellagitannins, Cardiometabolic disorders, medicine, méta analyse, Food and Nutrition, Humans, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Wine, meta-analysis, red grapes, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Myocardium, Organic Chemistry, polyphénol alimentaire, Polyphenols, Diet, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, Food, Polyphenol, Anthocyanin, Dietary Supplements, Energy Metabolism, Analytical chemistry, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biomarkers
Abstract

Understanding interindividual variability in response to dietary polyphenols remains essential to elucidate their effects on cardiometabolic disease development. A meta-analysis of 128 randomized clinical trials was conducted to investigate the effects of berries and red grapes/wine as sources of anthocyanins and of nuts and pomegranate as sources of ellagitannins on a range of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers. The potential influence of various demographic and lifestyle factors on the variability in the response to these products were explored. Both anthocyanin- and ellagitannin-containing products reduced total-cholesterol with nuts and berries yielding more significant effects than pomegranate and grapes. Blood pressure was significantly reduced by the two main sources of anthocyanins, berries and red grapes/wine, whereas waist circumference, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose were most significantly lowered by the ellagitannin-products, particularly nuts. Additionally, we found an indication of a small increase in HDL-cholesterol most significant with nuts and, in flow-mediated dilation by nuts and berries. Most of these effects were detected in obese/overweight people but we found limited or non-evidence in normoweight individuals or of the influence of sex or smoking status. The effects of other factors, i.e., habitual diet, health status or country where the study was conducted, were inconsistent and require further investigation., This article is based upon work from COST Action FA1403—POSITIVe “Interindividual variation in response to consumption of plant food bioactives and determinants involved” supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology, http://www.cost.eu/). The authors thank the financial support of the COST Action FA1403 “POSITIVe” to conduct a short-term scientific mission to K.C. at CEBAS-CSIC (A.G.-S. and M.T.G.-C.) during which the data analysis was performed.

Published
2018

26. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of flavanol-containing tea, Cocoa and apple products on body composition and blood lipids: Exploring the factors responsible for variability in their efficacy

Author

Combet, Emilie, Pinto, Paula, Mena, Pedro, Dall’Asta, Margherita, Garcia-Aloy, Mar, Rodríguez-Mateos, Ana, Gibney, Eileen R., Dumont, Julie, Massaro, Marika, Sánchez-Meca, Julio, Morand, Christine, Gonzalez Sarrias, Antonio, and García-Conesa, María-Teresa

Subjects
flavanols, tea, cocoa, apple, cardiometabolic disorders, meta-analysis, interindividual variability, blood lipids, body mass index, waist circumference, flavanol, maladie cardiovasculaire, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, méta-analyse, essai randomisé contrôlé
Published
2017

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