1. Anti-inflammatory withajardins from the leaves of Athenaea velutina.
- Author
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Dantas Rocha KA, de Freitas Paulo T, Ayala AP, da Silva Sampaio V, Gomes Nunes PI, Santos FA, Canuto KM, Silveira ER, and Loiola Pessoa OD
- Subjects
- Animals, Interleukin-6, Lipopolysaccharides, Mice, Nitric Oxide, RAW 264.7 Cells, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Solanaceae chemistry, Withanolides chemistry, Withanolides pharmacology
- Abstract
Withajardins, uncommon modified withanolide-type steroids, have been isolated exclusively from plants of the Solanaceae family so far. Two undescribed withajardins and the known tuboanosigenin were isolated from the hexane/EtOAc 1:1 extract from Athenaea velutina leaves. Their structures were established by an extensive analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR and HRMS data. The absolute configuration was determined by X-ray diffraction (withajardin L and tuboanosigenin) and circular dichroism (CD) analyses (withajardin M). The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds was evaluated through the inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 release in RAW264.7 cells. The cell viability effects to RAW 264.7 cells showed IC
50 values of 74.4-354.4 μM. The compounds attenuated LPS-induced release of NO and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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