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Thiosemicarbazones can be synthesized by condensation of thiosemicarbazides with ketones or aldehydes and play a role as precursors in the synthesis of many compounds such as thiazoles. They can exhibit many biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties. The discovery of antibiotics was an important milestone in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, antimicrobial resistance developed by microorganisms has created the need to discover new antimicrobial agents. Thiosemicarbazones and thiosemicarbazone-based compounds show significant antimicrobial potential. This review investigates the antimicrobial activity results of 244 Thiosemicarbazones and Thiosemicarbazone-based compounds over the last five years. We summarized some articles on thiosemicarbazones and their hybrids showing only antibacterial and antifungal activity in Web of Science (WOS) between 2019 and 2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 1,5-diketones were synthesized by adding of cyclohexanone to five different chalcone derivatives (la-e) via the 1,4-Michael addition reaction. Antimicrobial activities of synthesized compounds were investigated by microdilution method against two gram negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) two gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus f aecalis) bacteria and one fungal strain ( Candida al bi cans). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 3a-e compounds were determined in the range of 62.5- 250 µg/mL. As a result, the compounds with the best activity were 3a, 3b and 3d against E. faecalis gram positive bacteria strain with the same MIC value (62.5 µg / mL) as the standard drug TPZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A new route for the synthesis of 3,5-diarylcyclohex-2-enones is reported. The 4-acetyl-1,3-diarylhexane-1,5-diones were obtained by the addition of pentane-2,4-dione to chalcones. The reaction of 4-acetyl-1,3-diarylhexane-1,5-diones with NH4Cl/HCl in EtOH under reflux conditions gave the 3,5-diarylcyclohex-2-enones in good yields. All synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (1H-, 13C-NMR, and IR), and elemental analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a series of novel β-mercapto carbonyl derivatives (3-(2-hydroxyethylthio)-1,3- diarylpropan-1-one) (5a-i) were prepared by addition of 2-mercaptoethanol (4) to chalcones (3a-i) in the presence of catalytic amount of iodine (10 mol %) in CH2Cl2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight different chalcone-1,5-diketone derivatives (5a-h) were prepared by the reaction of chalcone derivatives (3a-h) with cyclohexanone under the solvent-free phase transfer catalyst condition with modarate to high yields. The mechanistic pathway of the reaction can be explained by the Michael-type addition of cyclohexanone to chalcone derivatives (3a-h). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of 1,3‐bis‐chalcone derivatives (3a‐i, 6a‐i and 8) were synthesized and evaluated antimicrobial, antibiofilm and carbonic anhydrase inhibition activities. In this evaluation, 6f was found to be the most active compound showing the same effect as the positive control against Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pyogenes in terms of antimicrobial activity. Biofilm structures formed by microorganisms were damaged by compounds at the minimum inhibitory concentration value between 0.5% and 97%.1,3‐bis‐chalcones (3a‐i, 6a‐i and 8) showed good inhibitory action against human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms I and II. hCA I and II were effectively inhibited by these compounds, with Ki values in the range of 94.33 ± 13.26 to 787.38 ± 82.64 nM for hCA I, and of 100.37 ± 11.41 to 801.76 ± 91.11 nM for hCA II, respectively. In contrast, acetazolamide clinically used as CA inhibitor showed Ki value of 1054.38 ± 207.33 nM against hCA I, and 983.78 ± 251.08 nM against hCA II, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-Alkoxy-4-(aryl)-5H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridine-3-carbonitriles (3a-e and 4a-e) were synthesized via multicomponent reaction from 2-aryl-methylidineindan-1-ones (1a-e), malononitrile and K2CO3 in ethanol and/or methanol. The structures of obtained compounds (3a-e and 4a-e) were characterized using the spectroscopic methods (NMR, IR) and elemental analysis. Addition, the in vitro antimicrobial activities of compounds (3a-e) were tested against the five human pathogenic bacteria. Penicillin G and Ceftriaxone antibiotics were used as positive control. The results were given as MIC values (minimum inhibition concentration), and compounds 3b-d showed very high activity against Escherichia coli 111. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]