Search

Background: Colitis for so many years had been considered a disease exclusive only to developed countries; surprisingly, its incidence is now increasing worldwide. This study investigated Mimosa pudica leaf water extract anti-colitis potential on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Methods: Following 24 h fasting, 36 rats (both sexes) intrarectally received acetic acid (4%, 1 mL) to induce colitis. Afterward, they were separated into groups and treated twice a day (for 9 days) with distilled water; Mimosa pudica (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg); and Prednisolone (5 mg/kg). Body weight and quantity of feces were recorded. On day 9, animals were sacrificed, colon ulcerations number and weight/length ratio; GSH and MDA levels; MPO activity, and IL-1β were determined. Results: Colitis caused a significant drop in animals’ body weight - 30% decrease in colitis control against + 27% increase in the neutral control rats. Mimosa pudica at 25 mg/kg on day 9 brought a + 7% increase. Colitis led to an increase in the weight of feces in colitis rats with 14.28 ± 0.98 g (day 8). On this same day, the extract reduced feces weight (4.42 ± 0.31 g at 100 mg/kg), the number of colon ulcerations, and the mean colon weight/length ratio (P < 0.001). Colitis conditions increased MDA and decreased GSH. Mimosa pudica reversed these biomarkers. Colitis caused a marked increase in MPO activity and IL-1β concentration in colitis rats. This was reversed by the extract. Conclusions: Overall, our results proved the beneficial effects of Mimosa pudica leaf extract in protecting animals against colitis.

Moringa oleifera decoction is believed to alleviate gastrointestinal tract diseases. This study investigated antioxidant and anxiolytic activities of its leaves aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Rats (36) were randomly divided into six groups and received (20 days) distilled water, 10 mL/kg; Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or Loperamide (5 mg/kg). On days 1, 8, 17, and 20, behavioral parameters were evaluated. Colitis was induced (day 15, except in normal group) through acetic acid (4%, 1 mL) intra-rectal administration. After sacrifice (day 21), lesion number, weight/length ratio of the colon were recorded. Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. On day 20, Moringa oleifera (100 mg/kg) reduced the number of head dipping and the duration in opened arms, respectively 2.00 ± 0.37 and 5.00 ± 0.37 s against 14.50 ± 0.72 and 2.17 ± 0.48 s in the control. It decreased colon weight/length ratio: 112.29 ± 9.46 against 185.93 ± 5.28 mg/cm in the control; malondialdehyde level (P

Carissa edulis is a plant used in the management of oxidative stress and inflammatory related disorders such as malaria, rheumatism inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. The present study evaluates the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP), and the bioactive compounds present in the various extracts of C. edulis (HEC, MEC, AEC, and PC). An HPLC analysis determined the different compounds present in the extracts. High concentration of total phenolic content was observed in aqueous and methanolic extracts more than in the hydroethanolic extract though not significantly different. Flavonoids were higher in the hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts, respectively, with 14.84 mg RE/g extract and 12.02 mg RE/g extract. Tannins were also found in large amounts in the same two extracts with 26.76 mg TAE/g extract and 34.67 mg TEE/g extract. The percentage radical scavenging activity DPPH ranged between 58.63% and 94.67% for aqueous extract and for ABTS between 51.39% and 94.12% for the methanolic extract. The highest FRAP was obtained in the methanolic extract (6.73 g AAE/100 g extract). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of quercetin, rutin, and gallic acid in the different extracts. C. edulis represents a potential source of bioactive components with antioxidant capacity.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic properties of the decoction of stem bark of Hallea ciliate in mice. The decoction of Hallea ciliata is used in traditional medicine in Cameroon to treat diseases like anxiety disorders, fever, infantile convulsions and malaria., Materials and Methods: Stress induced hyperthermia, elevated plus maze, open field and hole-board tests were used. Four different doses of the decoction were administered to mice and their effects were compared to the effects of diazepam and vehicle. Phytochemical characterization of the decoction revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins., Results: Administration of Hallea ciliata resulted in a significant decrease of stress induced hyperthermia in mice at the doses of 29.5, 59 and 118 mg/kg. In the elevated plus maze test, Hallea ciliata increased the number of entries and the percentages of entries and time into the open arms, and reduced the number of entries and the percentages of entries and time into the closed arms. In the hole-board test, Hallea ciliata increased the number of both head-dipping and crossing and decreased the latency to the first head-dips and rearing. The decoction of Hallea ciliata and diazepam increased locomotion in the open field test., Conclusion: The number of rearing and the mass of fecal boli produced were decreased in mice treated with decoction and diazepam. In conclusion, the results indicated that decoction of Hallea ciliata has anxiolytic-like properties in mice and could potentially be used for anxiety treatment.