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A glomerulopatia C3 é uma doença renal considerada rara. A patologia é ocasionada pela ativação excessiva da via alternativa do sistema complemento da circulação. O diagnóstico da GC3 é baseado na clínica do paciente, exames complementares e biopsia renal por imunofluorescência (IF) e microscopia eletrônica que devem apresentar deposição glomerular de C3. A intervenção terapêutica é realizada por direcionamento do sistema complemento em GC3 e com imunossupressores em GN mediada por Ig/IC. O tratamento fundamenta-se também em medidas de renoproteção. Esta pesquisa foi do tipo teórica, exploratória, descritiva com objetivo de levantar informações sobre o tema: Glomerulopatia por C3, perspectivas sobre o tratamento. Foram incluídos artigos publicados no período de dez anos - 2012 a 2021, presentes na base de dados Lilacs (Índice da Literatura Científica e Técnica da América Latina e Caribe), Medline (Literatura Internacinal) e Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), que se encontram na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS-Bireme), AcademicSearch e Google Acadêmico. O tratamento atualmente mais eficiente é uma combinação de drogas imunossupressoras ou agentes anticomplemento com intuito de induzir remissão parcial ou completa da GC3. Terapias mais recentes, como anticorpos monoclonais e proteínas recombinantes podem ser estratégias promissoras em um futuro próximo. A abordagem terapêutica da GC3 integra intervenções específicas a tratamentos não específicos, com objetivo de controle da pressão arterial, redução da proteinúria e preservação da função renal por meio da redução da deposição do complemento na via alternativa.

Resumo: A Síndrome de Churg Straus é uma doença rara e um tipo menos comum de vasculite, sua incidência e prevalência anual foram de 0,9-2,4 por milhão e 10,7-17,8 por milhão, respectivamente. As vasculites são responsáveis por importante impacto sobre a qualidade de vida dos acometidos, estando responsável por valores altos de incapacidade para o trabalho. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de granulomatose eosinofílica com poliangeite em uma paciente de 25 anos de idade. Conclusões: No caso em questão, foi iniciado pulsoterapia com corticoide por 3 dias consecutivos e posteriormente iniciado prednisona 1mg/kg/dia. Embora seja uma patologia grave e de prognostico reservado, observamos uma evolução favorável com o tratamento instituído. Seu diagnóstico e a intervenção precoce, proporciona melhora na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e no prognostico da doença. A GEPA deve estar presente como diagnostico diferencial das eosinofilias periféricas associadas a neuropatia periférica e asma.Palavras-chave: Vasculite; Qualidade de vida; Granulomatose EosinofilicaAbstract:Churg Straus Syndrome is a rare disease and a less common type of vasculitis, its annual incidence and prevalence were 0.9-2.4 per million and 10.7-17.8 per million, respectively. Vasculitides are responsible for an important impact on the quality of life of those affected, being responsible for high values of incapacity for work. The aim of the present study is to report a case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in a 25-year-old female patient. Conclusions: In the case in question, pulse therapy with corticosteroids was started for 3 consecutive days and then prednisone 1mg/kg/day was started. Although it is a serious pathology with a reserved prognosis, we observed a favorable evolution with the treatment instituted. Its diagnosis and early intervention improves the quality of life of patients and the prognosis of the disease. EGPA should be present as a differential diagnosis of peripheral eosinophilia associated with peripheral neuropathy and asthma.Keywords: Vasculitis; Quality of life; Eosinophilic Granulomatosis

Serous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCUC) is now believed to be a morphological variant of an HPV-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma or a metastasis from a serous carcinoma of the upper tract. In terms of mutational status as detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS), this controversial entity has not been characterized yet. We describe the case of a patient with a carcinoma categorized as stage IVB SCUC, initially treated with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab, followed by maintenance with bevacizumab. After locoregional progression, radiotherapy was administered. Unfortunately, further progression was observed, and carboplatin was resumed. Considering the presence of a BRCA2 mutation as detected by NGS, treatment with a PARP inhibitor (olaparib) was decided and allowed disease control for 6 months. We believe that BRCA mutation may be systematically searched in patients suffering from carcinomas formerly referred to as SCUC and that targeted treatments should be considered.

O presente artigo teve como objetivo verificar as principais manifestações clínicas dos pacientes, evidenciar os exames necessários, bem como o tratamento adequado e elencar os diagnósticos diferenciais. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde foi incluído estudos publicados entre 2017-2021, através das bases de dados Scopus e Pubmed. Utilizaram-se os descritores: “Meningite Asséptica”, “Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico”, “Sintomas”, “Diagnóstico” e “Tratamento”. Após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 10 estudos foram selecionados para compor o presente estudo. Verificou-se que esta pesquisa respondeu aos objetivos estabelecidos, onde foi possível identificar as principias manifestações clínicas, exames, tratamento e diagnósticos diferenciais. Percebe-se, através dos achados acadêmicos, que as causas mais frequentes de meningite asséptica são doenças inflamatórias sistêmicas, drogas e câncer. A etiologia da SLE é desconhecida, no entanto, acredita-se que as evidências implicam fatores genéticos, hormonais e ambientais. Percebe-se que a predominância é em pacientes do sexo feminina, início de doença antes dos 40 anos, com histórico individual ou familiar de doenças autoimunes. As principais características clinicas são: Depressão neuropsiquiátrica, psicose, convulsões, doenças renais e lesões cutâneas. No que se refere o diagnóstico, é efetivado por meio do exame completo de líquido cefalorraquidiano.

De los sabores naturales más dulces, la miel es un referente importante; el trabajo que se encuentra detrás de bastidores, conlleva un proceso perfectamente coordinado y sincronizado; no es fácil, hay una familia organizada que trabaja arduamente; cada uno de sus miembros con una función específica, digna de aplaudir. Sin embargo, las abejas que son quienes la conforman y cuya presencia ha sido considerada de relevancia por culturas antiguas como la egipcia, griega,romana y otras, están amenazadas por una serie de factores de entre los cuales el ser humano es su protagonista. La relación planta-insecto y polinización es fundamental para la permanencia del ser humano en el planeta; sin estos elementos, no será posible la sostenibilidad de la producción de los alimentos vegetales que, poco a poco, irían declinando su volumen, desaparecerían gran parte de las deliciosas frutas que ahora se consume y con ello se reduciría las posibilidades de supervivencia de la población actual. Por eso, es necesario plantear soluciones que permitan una oportunidad a estos laboriosos insectos, cuya función primordial no es el permitirnos saborear su miel, sino, el de polinizar a las flores de las cuales nacen todos los frutos terrestres. Algunos organismos internacionales, han formulado varias iniciativas; sin embargo, aún falta mucho por hacer, es necesario escuchar los zumbidos de protesta de estas generosas campesinas; aún estamos a tiempo de salvarlas y con ellas a muchas especies, incluyendo al ser humano. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y resalta la importancia de las abejas para el planeta.

Background: The safety of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and digestive and nondigestive cancers is poorly documented. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patient records of all adult cancer patients with IBD at our institution from April 2007 to May 2016 with an update in November 2019. Results: Twenty-seven patients with a history of IBD (Crohn’s disease, n = 22; ulcerative colitis, n = 5) who were treated with bevacizumab and chemotherapy for metastatic solid tumors were identified. At the time of advanced cancer diagnosis, 18 patients had quiescent IBD, whereas 9 patients had moderately active IBD. Among those with moderately active IBD, five had received corticosteroids less than six months prior to cancer diagnosis and one had received infliximab. The treated cancers were colorectal cancer (n = 13), small bowel cancer (n = 4), non-small cell lung cancer (n = 3), breast cancer (n = 3), and other cancers (n = 4). Patients received bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy and/or as maintenance for a median of 6.7 months. Grade 2 or higher bevacizumab-related complications were proteinuria in two patients and hypertension, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and intestinal perforation in one patient each. No clinical IBD flares were observed during bevacizumab treatment. Conclusion: Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy is safe in cancer patients with moderately active or quiescent IBD.

La coyuntura actual ha forzado a los países al confinamiento y consecuentemente la detención de la producción deteriorando la actividad productiva y los indicadores macroeconómicos como el crecimiento de la producción y el empleo. Por lo que, resulta importante analizar si los estímulos fiscales y monetarios en las economías como la hondureña son una realidad o una utopía, es decir, si logran mantener la estabilidad económica, para que el nivel productivo se mantenga y las familias no disminuyan sus ingresos a causa el desempleo. Para realizar el análisis metodológicamente se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo, que permitió observar que las políticas implementadas han sido insuficientes para mantener la estabilidad económica en Honduras debido a que según proyecciones del Banco Central de Honduras (BCH) la actividad productiva mostrará una tasa de crecimiento de -8%. The current situation has forced countries to confine and consequently stop production, deteriorating productive activity and macroeconomic indicators such as growth in production and employment. Therefore, it is important to analyze whether fiscal and monetary stimulus in economies like Honduras are a reality or a utopia, that is, if they manage to maintain economic stability, so that the productive level is maintained and families do not decrease their income due to unemployment. To carry out the analysis methodologically, a quantitative approach with a descriptive scope was used, which allowed observing that the implemented policies have been insufficient to maintain the economic stability in Honduras because according to projections of the Central Bank of Honduras (BCH) the productive activity will show a growth rate of -8%.

The safety of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and digestive and nondigestive cancers is poorly documented.We retrospectively evaluated patient records of all adult cancer patients with IBD at our institution from April 2007 to May 2016 with an update in November 2019.Twenty-seven patients with a history of IBD (Crohn's disease,Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy is safe in cancer patients with moderately active or quiescent IBD.

International audience; Grasp-IT Xmod is a multisensory and gamified brain-computer interface designed to support post-stroke motor rehabilitation of the upper limb. Indeed, stroke survivors require extensive rehabilitation work, including kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI), to stimulate neurons and recover motor function. Yet, KMI remains intangible without sensory feedback . In our system, after recording the electrical brain activity with an electroencephalographic system during KMI, multisensory feedback is given according to the quality of the KMI. This feedback consists of a visual environment and, more originally, a vibrotactile device placed on the forearm. In addition to an affording and motivating situation, the vibrotactile feedback, synchronous to the visual one, aims to promote the incorporation of the imagined movement in the user to improve their KMI performance and consequently the rehabilitation process.; Grasp-IT Xmod est une interface cerveau-ordinateur ludifiée qui vise à améliorer la rééducation motrice du membre supérieur post-accident vasculaire cérébral. En effet, les survivants d’un AVC ont besoin d’un important travail de rééducation comprenant de l’imagerie motrice kinesthésique (IMK) pour stimuler les neurones et récupérer la fonction motrice perdue. Mais l’IMK est intangible sans retours. Après avoir enregistré l’activité électrique du cerveau à l’aide d’un système électroencéphalographique pendant l’imagerie motrice kinesthésique (IMK), un retour multisensoriel est donné en fonction de la qualité de l’IMK. Ce feedback est composé d’un environnement visuel et, de manière plus originale, d’un dispositif vibrotactile placé sur l’avant-bras. En complément d’une situation affordante et motivante, le retour vibrotactile, synchrone au retour visuel, vise à favoriser l’incorporation du mouvement imaginé chez l’utilisateur afin d’améliorer ses performances d’IMK et par conséquent le processus de rééducation.

Despite COVID-19 pandemic, which is still deeply affecting world economy and global health, medical oncology specialists keep pursuing their effort for the identification of new therapeutic options to improve patients' life expectancy and quality of life. 2021 confirms the immunotherapy efficacy, alone or in combination with other modalities, across several indications. This year, we are summarizing the new approaches in the following sectors: lung, breast, melanoma, gynecological, digestive, urological and ENT areas.En dépit de la pandémie de Covid-19 qui continue à grandement impacter l’économie mondiale et la santé, l’oncologie médicale poursuit sa quête d’identification de nouvelles options thérapeutiques ayant pour buts la prolongation de l’espérance de vie et l’amélioration de la qualité de vie de ses patients, en nombre croissant. L’année 2021 confirme également l’efficacité de l’immunothérapie, seule ou en combinaison à d’autres modalités, dans de nombreuses indications. Cette année, nous vous résumons les nouvelles approches dans les domaines suivants: poumon, sein, mélanome, sphères gynécologique, digestive, urologique et ORL.

Pathogenic spore-forming bacteria pose high risks to healthcare settings, as well as in the food and beverage industries. We reported recently that novel alcohol-based formulations containing plant-derived compounds, including epigallocatechin-3-gallate-palmitate (EGCG-P), a green tea polyphenol ester, provide > 99.99% inactivation of bacterial spores within 60 sec. Based on recently published data from our group and others, we hypothesize that a combination of EGCG-P and alcohol formulated with other plant-derived ingredients would achieve high sporicidal efficacy against a wide spectrum of bacterial spores and can provide novel hand hygiene methods against bacterial spores without toxicity. The objectives of the current study were to optimize two novel formulations with combinations of glycerol, citric acid, and EGCG-P to increase sporicidal activity and explore the rapid inactivation mechanisms and suitability for sporicidal products with broad-spectrum activities against aerobic and anaerobic bacterial spores. Methods included suspension testing of two formulations against spores from Bacillus cereus and Clostridium sporogenes, quantification of spore germination, and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that these novel formulations were able to reduce spore germination by >99.999% after 30 sec exposure in suspension tests, and rapidly caused physical damage to the spores. Additional studies are warranted to determine the suitability of the novel formulations for future hand hygiene use.

Objetivo: Explorar las percepciones, preocupaciones y necesidades del personal de salud en una Central de Emergencias de Adultos (CEA) de Argentina. Métodos: Investigación o acción participativa, coordinada y ejecutada por el propio personal de la CEA, que incluyó médicos/as, personal de enfermería y administrativo/as para participar activamente en la recolección de información y en el análisis. Se utilizaron metodologías mixtas: análisis documental de quejas y reclamaciones escritas por parte de los pacientes, 10 entrevistas individuales y 2 grupos focales reflexivos con 10 integrantes del personal de salud (de diferente cargo y antigüedad, y residentes en formación). Resultados: Los tópicos emergentes fueron factores laborales que inducen al error y atentan contra el encuentro clínico centrado en la persona: la sobrecarga y la falta de tiempo, la sobreutilización de recursos por medicina defensiva y la tecnología que reemplaza el contacto físico. El personal de salud manifestó episodios de agresiones de pacientes o sus familiares, cuando las largas esperas y las insuficiencias estructurales (como falta de camas, saturación de sala de espera, incomodidad) atentan contra la paciencia y la tolerancia. A partir de esta reflexión se generaron mejoras en diversas áreas de la CEA. Conclusiones: La identificación de las problemáticas realizadas por los propios actores de la CEA resultó un método pertinente para generar un proceso de cambio de gestión colectiva, promover la reflexión y concientizar, permitir identificar áreas de mejora, diseñar estrategias y propuestas concretas.

The effects of climate change are posing major challenges for winemaking, especially in warm regions. Rising temperatures are leading to a considerable increase in sugar content and a reduction in the acidity of grape juices. This has prompted the search for new chemical and biological tools to reduce these effects in winemaking. Lachancea thermotolerans represent an interesting tool for wine improvement, due to their effects on lactic acid, ethanol, and volatile acidity. In this study, we evaluated the sequential inoculation of Lachancea thermotolerans (AEB Italia) + Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an alternative to the addition of water and tartaric acid in the vinification of over-ripened wine must (Tempranillo cv.). To do so, we conducted a micro vinification experiment that included three experimental treatments (replicated four times); AAS = Addition of water + tartaric acid fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ALS = sequential fermentation with Lachancea thermotolerans followed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and SAC = Only inoculation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (control). We measured the lactic acid, malic acid, acetic acid, total acidity, pH, glucose + fructose, and ethanol concentration of the resulting wines. We found a higher lactic acid content and total acidity in ALS wines (2.2 g/L y 6.65 g/L) compared with AAS (0.13 g/L y 5.75 g/L) and SAC wines (0.18 g/L y 5.37 g/L). ALS wines showed a significantly lower pH (4.00) than SAC wines (4.19) but did not differ significantly from AAS wines (3.19). Finally, acetic acid was higher in ALS wines (0.89 g/L) than AAS wines (0.64 g/L) but did not differ significantly from SAC wines (1.02 g/L). Our results point out that the use of Lachancea thermotolerans in a sequential inoculation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an alternative to the addition of water and tartaric acid in the vinification of over-ripened Tempranillo musts.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external auditory canal is very rare tumour. Its course is mainly indolent, and is characterised by intracranial extension, high rates of loco-regional relapse, and distant metastasis, which culminates in a slow detrimental disease course, eventually leading to death. The main therapeutic modalities are local therapies such as surgery and/or radiotherapy. Systemic treatment has never achieved good clinical outcomes in this setting. Here, we describe the case report of a 50-year-old female, diagnosed with an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the right external auditory canal in 2003. The patient developed multiples recurrences, including an extensive intracerebral progression associated with radio necrosis, for which systemic therapy with bevacizumab and epirubicin was initiated. This achieved an intracerebral partial response with clinical benefit, allowing the rapid tapering of corticosteroid treatment. This case report highlights epirubicin in combination with bevacizumab as a therapeutic option for heavily treated patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma and intracranial involvement.

El estudio analiza la percepción de los atributos de las competencias digitales docentes en el período de emergencia sanitaria por la covid-19 durante el año 2020, teniendo en cuenta el efecto inicial, las estrategias como respuesta luego del primer momento y las tareas a tomar en cuenta para culminar este año escolar 2021 e iniciar el 2022. El estudio incluyó la participación de 86 docentes de la institución educativa Instituto Superior Tecnológico Juan Bautista Aguirre; Los instrumentos que se aplicaron fueron una encuesta, entre los resultados obtenido los más relevantes destacan la presencia de experiencias muy innovadoras, sin embargo, que luego siguieron a la frustración y la preocupación inicial en el nuevo escenario habilitado por el uso de la tecnología. También, el desarrollo de las Competencias Digitales Docentes las cuales varían según el tipo de zona geográfica, el involucramiento de la familia y el acceso a la tecnología y nivel de comunicación institucional que favorezca a el trabajo de la educación superior. No obstante, en este estudio se reconoce la labor docente para hacerle frente a los factores condicionantes, en lo económicos, emocionales y sociales. En que concierne a la tecnología, se evidencian heterogeneidades en la brecha de acceso y en el uso efectivo de la misma; por tanto, es reconocible la necesidad de trabajar mucho más en la retroalimentación efectiva partiendo desde un mejor control del accionar del estudiante, demandando un plan integral de formación docente en competencias digitales que contemple las diversas esferas que condicionan el proceso.

El presente estudio se enfoca en la necesidad que tienen los estudiantes como la brecha digital que les impide desarrollar un uso efectivo de herramientas tecnologicas y que las instituciones de educacion superior en Ecuador deben de implementar dichas tecnologias del aprendizaje como herramientas didacticas para el fortalecimiento del conocimiento y la simulacion de situaciones con apego a la realidad. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigacion fue evaluar la usabilidad que tiene una aplicacion movil como herramienta para el aprendizaje por medio del analisis de descriptores: a. Pertinencia, b. Facilidad de uso, c. Personalizacion, d. Retroalimentacion, e. Autenticidad, f. Habilidades del pensamiento, g. Trabajo colaborativo y h. Motivacion, en funcion al desempeno pedagogico de un nuevo entorno como lo son las aplicaciones moviles. En consecuencia, se detallo una metodologia con enfoque cualitativo por medio de un diseno no experimental y metodo inductivo basado en la descripcion de las experiencias generadas por estudiantes con el aplicativo movil de la institucion. Como instrumento se selecciono la encuesta estructurada por una escala de Likert valorada de (1-5) partiendo de “imperceptible” hasta “fuerte” en funcion a la aceptacion de los ocho descriptores por parte de los encuestados. Por lo tanto, se planteo como poblacion de estudio 1408 estudiantes y por medio de un muestreo probabilistico se calculo una muestra de 302. Asi mismo, varios resultados pusieron a prueba las ventadas como tambien desventajas y dificultades que genero el aplicativo en el proceso de aprendizaje donde el 29,5 % de los estudiantes determina una motivacion fuerte en el uso del aplicativo movil, sin embargo durante el ejercicio de las clases el 59,3 % de los estudiantes han percibido frustracion debido a la conectividad o al colapso del aplicativo. This study focuses on the need that students have, such as the digital divide that prevents them from developing an effective use of technological tools and that higher education institutions in Ecuador must implement these learning technologies as didactic tools for the strengthening of knowledge. and the simulation of situations with attachment to reality. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the usability of a mobile application as a tool for learning through the analysis of descriptors: a. Relevance, b. Ease of use, c. Personalization, d. Feedback, e. Authenticity, f. Thinking skills, g. Collaborative work and h. Motivation, based on the pedagogical performance of a new environment such as mobile applications. Consequently, a methodology with a qualitative approach was detailed through a nonexperimental design and inductive method based on the description of the experiences generated by students with the institution's mobile application. As an instrument, the structured survey was selected by a Likert scale valued from (1-5) starting from "imperceptible" to "strong" based on the acceptance of the eight descriptors by the respondents. Therefore, 1408 students were proposed as the study population and a sample of 302 was calculated through probabilistic sampling. Likewise, several results tested the advantages as well as disadvantages and difficulties that the application generated in the learning process where 29.5% of the students determine a strong motivation in the use of the mobile application, however during the exercise of the classes 59.3% of the students have perceived frustration due to the connectivity or the collapse of the application.

To explore perceptions, concerns and needs of healthcare professionals in an emergency department (ED) from Argentina.Participatory action research, coordinated and carried out by ED healthcare professionals, which included physicians, nurses and administrative staff who actively engaged in both data collection and analysis. Mixed methodologies were used: documentary analysis of complaints and written claims by patients, 10 individual interviews, and two reflective focus groups of 10 healthcare professionals (who differed in occupation, seniority and experience, including residents in training).The topics that emerged were work factors that lead to errors and threaten patient-centered clinical encounters: work overload and lack of time, the overuse of resources for defensive medicine purposes and technology that replaces physical contact. Healthcare professionals reported episodes of aggression by patients or their families, when long waits and structural insufficiencies (such as lack of beds, saturation of the waiting room, discomfort) threaten patience and tolerance. From these insights, improvements were generated in various areas of the ED.The identification of problems by the ED stakeholders l was a relevant approach that led to a process of collective management change, promoted reflection and raised awareness, allowing the identification of areas for improvement, design strategies and concrete feasible proposals.Explorar las percepciones, preocupaciones y necesidades del personal de salud en una Central de Emergencias de Adultos (CEA) de Argentina. Métodos: Investigación o acción participativa, coordinada y ejecutada por el propio personal de la CEA, que incluyó médicos/as, personal de enfermería y administrativo/as para participar activamente en la recolección de información y en el análisis. Se utilizaron metodologías mixtas: análisis documental de quejas y reclamaciones escritas por parte de los pacientes, 10 entrevistas individuales y 2 grupos focales reflexivos con 10 integrantes del personal de salud (de diferente cargo y antigüedad, y residentes en formación).Los tópicos emergentes fueron factores laborales que inducen al error y atentan contra el encuentro clínico centrado en la persona: la sobrecarga y la falta de tiempo, la sobreutilización de recursos por medicina defensiva y la tecnología que reemplaza el contacto físico. El personal de salud manifestó episodios de agresiones de pacientes o sus familiares, cuando las largas esperas y las insuficiencias estructurales (como falta de camas, saturación de sala de espera, incomodidad) atentan contra la paciencia y la tolerancia. A partir de esta reflexión se generaron mejoras en diversas áreas de la CEA.La identificación de las problemáticas realizadas por los propios actores de la CEA resultó un método pertinente para generar un proceso de cambio de gestión colectiva, promover la reflexión y concientizar, permitir identificar áreas de mejora, diseñar estrategias y propuestas concretas.

Plasma cell responses are associated with anti-tumor immunity and favorable response to immunotherapy. B cells can amplify anti-tumor immune responses through antibody production; yet B cells in patients and tumor-bearing mice often fail to support this effector function. We identify dysregulated transcriptional program in B cells that disrupts differentiation of naive B cells into anti-tumor plasma cells. The signaling network contributing to this dysfunction is driven by interleukin (IL) 35 stimulation of a STAT3-PAX5 complex that upregulates the transcriptional regulator BCL6 in naive B cells. Transient inhibition of BCL6 in tumor-educated naive B cells is sufficient to reverse the dysfunction in B cell differentiation, stimulating the intra-tumoral accumulation of plasma cells and effector T cells and rendering pancreatic tumors sensitive to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade. Our findings argue that B cell effector dysfunction in cancer can be due to an active systemic suppression program that can be targeted to synergize with T cell-directed immunotherapy.

En este articulo se reflexiona desde el punto de vista conceptual, sobre la influencia que las Tecnologias de la Informacion y la Comunicacion (TIC) y el impacto que estas han generado en los procesos de ensenanza/aprendizaje. La educacion superior en Colombia ha venido transformandose en las recientes decadas, con miras a responder de manera decidida a los requerimientos de una sociedad renovada, que busca contar con profesionales mas habiles, que gestionen eficientemente procesos administrativos y academicos en Instituciones de Educacion Superior en estos tiempos de globalizacion economica. La metodologia utilizada en este estudio se enmarca en la revision documental de investigaciones y publicaciones efectuadas en los ultimos diez anos. Los resultados apuntan a que las TIC han aportado considerablemente a diferentes aspectos neuralgicos, en el contexto educativo y que las aplicaciones en los procesos pedagogicos son cada vez mayores. This article reflects from the conceptual point of view, on the influence that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the impact they have generated in the teaching / learning processes. Higher education in Colombia has been transforming in recent decades, with a view to responding decisively to the requirements of a renewed society, which seeks to have more skilled professionals, who efficiently manage administrative and academic processes in Higher Education Institutions in these times of economic globalization. The methodology used in this study is part of the documentary review of research and publications carried out in the last ten years. The results suggest that ICTs have contributed considerably to different neuralgic aspects in the educational context and that the applications in pedagogical processes are increasing.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is among the most aggressive cancers with a median overall survival of 4 months and a disease-specific mortality of close to 100%. As soon as the diagnosis is suspected or established, urgent referral to an experienced multidisciplinary center is imperative. Chemotherapy has limited efficacy. Molecular analyses, together with the availability of novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies, now permit to improve outcomes. In particular, targeted therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib is indicated as first-line therapy for BRAF V600E-mutated ATC.Le cancer anaplasique de la thyroïde (CAT) compte parmi les cancers les plus agressifs avec une survie médiane de 4 mois et une mortalité spécifique à la maladie proche de 100 %. Dès que le diagnostic est suspecté ou établi, une orientation urgente vers un centre multidisciplinaire expérimenté est essentielle. La chimiothérapie a une efficacité limitée. Les analyses moléculaires, ainsi que la disponibilité de nouvelles thérapies ciblées et d’immunothérapies, permettent désormais d’améliorer les résultats. En particulier, le CAT avec mutation